Campus Journalism

Introduction
This course engages students in becoming
aware of the components of campus journalism and
journalism per se. They will be exposed in the
different areas of journalism for a wide range of
purposes. Their write-ups should enhance their skills
in journalism and Standard English. This subject
should boost their writing confidence and apply
effective strategies and techniques in their own
works and to exhibit appreciative attitude towards
writing.
 Chapter I
Foundational Concepts on Journalism
Journalism keeps you planted in the earth.
- Ray Bradbury

RYAN M. SUMALDE
 Objectives
• Identify the tenets of journalism
• Names the functions of and duties of the press
• Compare and contrast journalism and literature
• Explain the freedom of the press
• Critic the strengths and weaknesses of select
articles.
 What is Journalism?
Journalism is concerned with the collection
and dissemination of news through the print
media as well as the electronic media.
This involves various areas of work like
reporting, writing, editing, photographing,
broadcasting and cable casting news items.
 What is Journalism?
- Journalism comes from the Latin word,
“DIURNAL” which means DAILY.
- Journal is a daily register of one’s activities.
- Journalism is a communication of day-to-day
information, whether through sounds, pictures
and words.
 Newspapers
• These are the oldest and most traditional format
for the inclusion of journalism.
• They are regularly scheduled publications
containing news of the current events,
informative articles, diverse features and
advertising.
 Newspapers
• Newspapers originally started life as
“journals” from which the word, “journalism”
is derived.
• Newspapers played a large role in the
development of freedom of expression.
 Magazines
• These are the publications containing a variety of
articles that are generally published on a regular
schedule, whether it be weekly, monthly or
quarterly.
• They are focused on a particular subject or area
of interest.
 Television News Journalism
• It is known for news broadcasting and is
produced locally in a newsroom or by a
broadcast network.
• It sometimes also includes such additional
material as sports coverage, weather forecast
and many more.
 Journalism vs. Literature
Literature is based on the wandering
imagination of the writer.
Journalism has main genres that include
news, editorial and features.
Journalistic genres follow the strict method
of dividing ideas through paragraphs while
literature has variety of forms and styles.
 Tenets of Journalism
Responsibility
Journalists should always be aware of their
obligations to their readers to write the truth
whatever it costs. Journalist must be brave
enough to defend facts and the truth behind
the news.
 Tenets of Journalism
Freedom of Press
As a basic right, freedom of the press
should be safeguarded by the people of media.
In this case, any topic under the sweltering heat
of the sun may be written so long as there is no
infraction to the existing laws of the land.
 Tenets of Journalism
Independence
Journalist should be committed to the
interest of the general public and not driven
by the interest of money called, “envelop
mental journalism”
 Tenets of Journalism
Objectivity, Truthfulness and
Accuracy.
Checking the veracity of data and information
before publishing is an example of being accurate and
truthful. Media men should be not therefore conceal
by the truth by fabricating facts and by publishing
misquoted statements and erroneous statistics.
 Tenets of Journalism

Objectivity, Truthfulness and

Accuracy.
Objectivity is simply avoiding the conflict
of interest on the treatment of the articles and
on the way arguments and news written.
 Tenets of Journalism
Teel and Taylor (1983) as cited by Pangilinan (2012)
suggested guidelines to attain balanced story:
• Stick to the facts
• Never insert your personal opinions
• Be discreet in the use of adjectives
• Avoid cheap shots
• Somebody with something to say deserves a forum
• Assess your alliances. Remember that you are an
observer, not a participant
• Listen to your editor.
 Tenets of Journalism

Fairness
Journalist should treat fair when presenting
information in any journalistic field. Remember,
the public will see the topic according to the way
journalists present it, hence, reporters should
exercise telling the truth and putting the
information in the right perspectives.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

Yellow Journalism
This is simply sensationalizing a story or an
issue. It is a type of journalism that presents
little or no legitimate well-researched news
and instead uses eye-catching headlines to sell
more newspapers.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

Yellow Journalism
Yellow journalism attracts attention but typically doesn't have
much substance. Learning to recognize fake news, misinformation and
overly sensationalized stories presented as if they were news can help
keep you from being influenced by biased reporting. Often, yellow
journalism headlines don't even reflect the content of the stories they're
introducing. Don't assume that headlines are true; read the full story and
seek to separate what is factual from what is not true.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

New Journalism
The new journalists expanded the
journalism and of legitimate journalistic
reporting and writing techniques. They also
associated journalism with fiction.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

New Journalism
New Journalism was a literary movement of the
1960s and 1970s. Combining the techniques
of fiction writing with the fact-based approach of
reporting, the writing that sprang from this movement
demonstrated an aspiration to literary excellence in
journalism.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

New Journalism
According to Tom Wolfe, the literary techniques that defined New
Journalism included a narrative that unfolds in “scenes” rather than the
historical explanations; extensive use of dialog; a strong point of view
within the story, either that of the author or that of another person
involved in the events being reported, assembled from diaries, interviews
or other forms of research; and the use of illustrative, revealing details
that ordinarily would not be included in traditional reporting.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

Advocacy Journalism
This is the genre of journalism that is fact-
based but supports a specific point of view on
an issue. Advocacy journalists are expected to
focus on stories dealing with corporate
businesses practices, government policies and
political issues and social issues.
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

Stylistic Journalism
It emphasizes imaginative, stylized writing
of stories and considers newspapers as
“literature of immediate fact.”
 Killers of Balanced Reporting

Editorializing
This is giving the reporter’s opinion rather
than the fact. It may also mean expanding
news about an insignificant happening to give
publicity to a subject.
 Functions and Duties of the Press
• The quality of the paper must be reflected in the editorial
policy.
• Newspaper must have integrity and reader's confidence.
• Newspaper may educate, stimulate, assist or entertain. Thus, a
journalist has a moral obligation to balance public interest and
gains.
• Freedom of the press encompasses the responsibility of the
newspaper.
• The press must practice the principles of unbiased journalism.
 Activity 1.1
1. Write Journalistic and Literature Articles.
2. On your sheet of paper, argue in not more than 500
words but not less than 200 words, whether the
freedom to write is absolute freedom. Cite concrete
instances, if possible.
3. Get one article from the internet, capture them, put
them in the paper and assess the articles according to
the tenets of journalism.
4. Compose a reflection paper on the importance of
journalism in your life as a person in society.