Science Thesis

BY KAMALIKA
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Formation of solar system

 Series 1 Series 2 Series 3

What is solar system

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.The solar system is like a big family of objects in space all held together by the Sun's gravity.
At the center, you have the Sun, which is a giant ball of hot, glowing gas. Around the Sun,
there are eight major planets, including Earth, which is where we live. These planets are di-
3vided into two groups: the rocky ones like Earth and Mars, and the big gas giants like Jupiter

and Saturn.

2 . The planetary system we call home is located in an outer spiral arm of the Milky Way gal-
axy.

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Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4
How was our solar system
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formed..
.A Firstlong
• very bullet point here Class Group 1 Group 2
time ago, about 4.5 billion years ago, there was a big cloud of dust and
gas Second
• in space. bullet point
This cloud hereto shrink andClass
started spin 1because of something
82 like a95big
explosion nearby.
Third
In• the bullet
center of thispoint herecloud, there wasClass
spinning a lot2of stuff piling
76up because of
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gravity. As more and more stuff gathered together,
Class 3it got really hot
84 in the middle.
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When it got incredibly hot, something amazing happened. The hydrogen atoms in the
middle started sticking together and making helium. This process produced a lot of
heat and light, and that's how our Sun was born!
The Sun became the biggest thing in our solar system, and it grabbed almost all the
stuff for itself, more than 99% of it.
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Climate and Atmosphere
Task 2

Task 3
 WHAT IS CLIMATE AND
ATMOSPHERE…
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Climate: It's like knowing that in some areas, it's usually hot and
sunny, while in other places, it's usually cold and snowy. Climate
tells us what kind of weather to expect over a long time, like years
and years.
Atmosphere: It's the air we breathe and the stuff that surrounds our
planet. The atmosphere is like a shield that keeps us safe from the
Sun's harsh rays and helps create different kinds of weather, like
rain, wind, and sunshine.
Climate Change:
Sometimes, the usual weather patterns in a
place can start to change over a very long
time. This can happen because of things like
pollution and cutting down too many trees.
When this long-term change in weather
patterns happens because of human activities,
like driving cars that release lots of pollution,
it's called climate change. It's a big problem
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because it can make the Earth hotter and
cause problems like melting ice and more
extreme weather.
 ATMOSPHERE
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The atmosphere is the layer of
gases that surrounds a planet or
celestial body. On Earth, it is
composed of a mixture of gases
that are held in place by gravity.
The atmosphere is vital for life as
we know it, as it provides the air
we breathe, protects us from
harmful solar radiation, and plays
a crucial role in regulating the
planet's temperature.
 What is weather and climate

Weather: Think of weather as what's happening outside today or

tomorrow. It's like knowing if it's sunny, rainy, or windy when
you look out the window. Weather changes from day to day and
can be different in the morning and the afternoon.
Climate: Climate is like the usual weather in a place, but it's not
about what's
ADDhappening
A SLIDEtoday
TITLEor tomorrow.
-4 It's about what the
weather is like over a really, really long time, like many years.
So, it's like knowing that some places are usually hot and sunny,
while others are usually cold and snowy, and this doesn't change
quickly.

weather is what's happening right now or in the near future, and

climate is what the weather is like over a long, long time.
 TYPES OF TYPES OF CLIMATE
WEATHER
.Sunny .Tropical
.Cloudy .Desert
.Rainy .Temperate
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.Snowy .Polar
.Windy .Continental
.Stormy .Oceanic
CLIMATE AND ICE
AGES
Ice ages, also called glacial
periods, are long periods when
the Earth gets much colder, and
huge sheets of ice cover large
parts of the planet. These icy
times happen every so often in
Earth's long history, and they
happen because of a mix of things
like how the Earth moves in
space, changes in the Earth's
surface, and how the atmosphere
behaves.
EARTH HAS EXPERIENCED SEVERAL GLACIAL PERIODS
THROUGHOUT ITS GEOLOGICAL HISTORY, WITH THE MOST
RECENT ONE BEING THE LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM,
WHICH ENDED APPROXIMATELY 11,700 YEARS AGO.
THESE GLACIAL PERIODS ARE DRIVEN BY A COMBINATION
OF FACTORS, INCLUDING CHANGES IN EARTH'S ORBIT,
SOLAR VARIATIONS, AND ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS.
TECTONIC PLATES
Plate tectonics is the
scientific theory that
Earth's lithosphere
comprises a number
of large tectonic
plates which have
been slowly moving
since about 3.4 billion
years ago
 TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES
Divergent Plate Boundary-occurs
when two tectonic plates move
away from each other.
Convergent Plate Boundary-A
tectonic boundary where two
plates are moving toward each
other
Transform Plate Boundary-
locations where two plates slide
past one another.
Hotspot- A hot spot is an
intensely hot area in the mantle
below Earth's crust
 DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEM

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

What is a Ecosystem?
An ecosystem consists of all the organisms and the
physical environment with which they interact.
These biotic and abiotic components are linked
together through nutrient cycles and energy
flows.
 Different types of Ecosystem

Forest Ecosystem
Grassland Ecosystem
Tundra Ecosystem
Desert Ecosystem
Freshwater Ecosystem
Marine Ecosystem
BY:KAMALIKA