Original Equipmnet Surface - STC

Welcome to
WELL CONTROL COURSE

BOP
A BOP stack may be fully identified by a very simple designation
15K – 13-5/8” – RSRDAG
Function:
Used as a secondary means of well control.
Rated working pressure:

Depends on the maximum Anticipated Surface Pressure
Changing to casing Rams:

Chage upper ram
Before running casing or while rigging up for casing running tools.
Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

5
Example:
On the surface BOP stack there are hydraulically operated valve installed for the kill and chock lines on the BOP side outlet
connections. Is it true that hydraulic valve is designed to close automatically if the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic line to the
valves is lost?
a. Yes
b. No.
Answer : B
Example:
A well has been drilled to a depth of 8200 ft TVD and the current density of the drilling mud is 12.5 ppg.
What will the bottom hole pressure be if 580 psi pressure is applied from surface with the BOP closed?
A. 5076 Psi
B. 4760 Psi
C. 5394 Psi
D. 5910 Psi
Answer : (.052*8200*12.5 )+580 = 5910 psi

Example:
When should a ram BOP changed to casing ram?
a. While rigging up for casing job
b. While tripping out before casing job
c. No need to change to casing rams.
d. While Logging job
Answer : A
Drilling Spool
• For drilling operations wellhead outlets should

not be employed for choke and kill lines.
• Have the same ID and working Pressure of BOP.

8
DIVERTER SYSTEM
Description:
Vent line with large diameter.
Annular paking unit with large diameter and low working pressure
Function:
Permit routing of the flow away from the rig.
11
Example:
Should diverter vent lines have small internal diameter to create sufficient back pressure for
control?
a. Yes
b. No
Answer is B
Example:
What are the components of a 29-1/2 inch diverter system? (TWO ANSWERS)
a. A low pressure annular preventer with a large internal diameter.

b. A vent line of sufficient diameter to permit safe venting using the mud-gas separator.
c. A high pressure rams type preventer with a large internal diameter.
d. A vent line with a manually operated full opening valve.
e. A vent line of sufficient diameter to permit safe venting and proper disposal of flow from the well.
Answer is A, E
Hydraulic supply is 3000
psi. Can be supplied from
BOP control unit
This schematic is intended to demonstrate hydraulic functions only.

(Piping details, valve locations and hydraulic valve positions
do not reflect any recommendation.)
14
VENT LINE
Offshore 10” or larger

BALL VALVE
Onshore 6” or larger
Full Opening
Same Opening
15
PURPOSE
A Diverter system is often used during top-hole drilling.
A Diverter is not designed to shut-in or halt flow, but rather permit routing of the flow
away from the rig to protect personnel and equipment by re-routing the flow of
shallow gas and wellbore fluids emanating from the well to a remote vent line.
The system deals with the potentially hazardous flows that can be experienced prior
to setting the casing string on which the BOP stack and choke manifold will be installed.
The system is designed to

pack-off around the Kelly, Drill String or Casing to divert flow in a safe direction.
Diverters having Annular Packing elements can also close on open hole.
Valves in the system direct the well flow when the diverter is actuated.
The function of the valves may be integral to the Diverter unit.
16
Equipment & Installation Guidelines
The Diverter and all individual components in the diverter system shall have
a minimum rated working pressure of 200 psi.
Response time:
Packing element ID 20” or less: All functions within 30 seconds.
Packing element ID greater than ID 20”: All functions within 45 seconds.
Testing:
Installation test: Function test, Flush through and pressure test to min. 200 psi
Fluid should be pumped through the Diverter and each Diverter line at appropriate times
during operation to ensure the line(s) are clear.

17
18
Position Hole Indicator
Wear Plate
Packing Unit
HYDRIL
Latch Head GL
Opening Chamber
Head
Opening Chamber
SURFACE/SUBSEA
Piston
INSTALLATION
Closing Chamber
TWO MOVING PARTS(piston+ packing)
SCREWED/LATCHED HEAD
Secondary Chamber
SECONDARY CHAMBER
OPENING CHAMBER HEAD

Cutaway view
Latch Head GL BOP CSO FUNCTION
Midstroke Position NO WELL BORE ASSISTANT

19
Latch Head
HYDRIL
Wear Plate
GX
Packing Unit SURFACE INSTALLATION
Opening Chamber
Head TWO MOVING PARTS
Opening Chamber LATCHED HEAD

Shackles
WELLBORE ASSISTED
Closing Chamber
OPENING CHAMBER HEAD
Operating Piston CSO FUNCTION
Cutaway view
Latch Head GX BOP
Open Position

20
HYDRIL
PACKING ELEMENT
NATRUAL RUBBER
-30 deg F to +225 deg F
STEEL INSERT
NITRILE RUBBER
+20 deg F to +190 deg F
NEOPRENE RUBBER
-30 deg F to +170 deg F
Low Tempreture
BASE RUBBER COMPOUND

21
SHAFFER SPHERICAL BOP
Locking Ring
Locking Segment
Upper Housing
Opening Chamber Annular Element
Adapter Ring
Opening Chamber
Piston
Closing Chamber
Closing Chamber Lower Housing
22
23
Index 1, Surface
Page 22
CLOSING
PRESSURE
CHART
STRIPPING
CHART

24
CAMERON TYPE ”D” & ”DL”
REPLACEABLE LINER
WEEPHOLE
TWO PIECE PACKER
HIGH CLOSING PRESSURE
2 seals BALANCED CHAMBER

gasket
CSO FUNCTION

25
Defination
shaped elastomeric sealing element to seal the space between atubular and the wellbore or an open hole.
RESPONSE TIME
Response time between activation and complete operation of a function is based on BOP
or valve closure and seal off.
Closing time for Surface installation should not exceed
30 seconds for annular BOP’s smaller than 18-3/4” nominal bore
and
45 seconds for annular BOP’s of 18-3/4” nominal bore and larger.
SUBSEA
60 seconds for all annular BOP’s.
Measurement of closing response time begins at pushing the button or turning the
control valve handle to operate the function and ends when the BOP or valve is closed
effecting a seal.
A BOP is considered closed when the regulated operating pressure has recovered
to its nominal setting.

26
PRESSURE TEST FREQUENCY
Pressure tests on well control equipment should be conducted at least:
Prior to spud or upon installation

After disconnection or repair of any pressure containment seal in the BOP stack etc.
Not to exceed 21 days
TEST FLUIDS
Well control equipment should be pressure tested with water.
Air should be removed from the system before test pressure is applied. Control systems
and hydraulic chambers should be tested using clean control system fluids with
lubricant and corrosion additives for the intended service and operation temperatures.

27
PRESSURE TEST
All Blow-out prevention components that may be exposed to well pressure should be
tested first to a low pressure of 200 to 300 psi and the to high pressure.
A stable low pressure test should be maintained for at least 5 minutes.
Initial high pressure tests on well control components should be to Their

RWP Or Well Head RWP Which Is Lower.
Subsequent Test, with a joint of Drill Pipe installed, should be tested to a minimum of 70%
of their working pressure or to the test pressure of the ram BOP’s, which is lower.
A stable high pressure test should be maintained for at least 5 minutes.
With larger size annular BOP’s some small movement typically continues within the
large rubber mass for prolonged periods after pressure is applied.
This packer creep movement should be considered when monitoring the pressure
test of the annular BOP.

28
3 7 CONNECTIONS
5 2
1 6
8 4
29
Clamp Hub
Flanged
Studded

30
API TYPE 6B FLANGES API TYPE 6BX FLANGES
TYPE R OR RX TYPE RING GASKETS TYPE BX RING GASKETS AND FACE TO FACE MAKE UP
DISTANCE BETWEEN MADE-UP FLANGES FLANGE FACE SHALL BE RAISED EXCEPT FOR STUDDED
FLANGE FACE MAY BE FLAT OR RAISED FLANGES WHICH MAY HAVE FLAT FACES
MARKING OF FLANGES ON OD:
MANUFACTURER’S NAME AND MARK

API MONOGRAM
SIZE
THREAD SIZE
END AND OUTLET CONNECTION SIZE
RATED WORKING PRESSURE
TYPE & GROUP (FOR HANGERS ONLY)
RING GASKET TYPE AND NUMBER
RING GASKET MATERIAL
FLANGE SECTION FLANGE SECTION

TOP VIEW TOP VIEW
INTERGRAL FLANGE INTERGRAL FLANGE
PRESSURE RATING PRESSURE RATING

2–5K 6BX Flang Or216BX
– 20 Hubs
K With BX Ring
6B Flange Or 16B Hubs With RX Ring
31
TYPE R RING GASKETS (ONLY FOR TYPE 6B FLANGES)
OCTAGONAL OVAL GROOVE
API TYPE RX PRESSURE ENERGISED RING GASKETS

(ONLY FOR TYPE 6B FLANGES)

32
API TYPE BX PRESSURE ENERGISED RING GASKETS
(ONLY FOR TYPE 6BX FLANGES)
MARKING OF RING GASKETS ON RING OD.
MANUFACTURER’S MARK
API MONOGRAM
TYPE AND NUMBER
RING GASKET MATERIAL:
”D” FOR SOFT IRON
”S” FOR LOW CARBON STEEL
”S304” FOR 304 STAINLESS STEEL
”S316” FOR 316 STAINLESS STELL
33
RING JOINT GASKETS
Type RX and BX ring joint gaskets should be used for flanged and hub type blow-out
preventer connections in that they are self-energised type gaskets.
API type R ring gaskets are not a self-energized type gasket and are not
recommended for use on well control equipment.
RX gaskets are used with API type 6B flanges and 16B hubs and
BX gaskets are used with type 6BX flanges and 16BX hubs

34
RAM BOP’s

35
CAMERON
TYPE U & UII

36
37
RAM COMPONENTS
A Bonnet Bolts B Ram Change Cylinder

C Ram Assembly D Body
E Bonnet Seal F Ram Change Piston
G Locking Screw H Operating Cylinder
I Housing J Intermediate Flange
K Bonnet L Operating Piston
38
SHEAR RAM COMPONENTS
Wider Intermediate Flange w/Bore
No Operating Cylinder
Bigger Piston Area

39
PRIMARY SEAL and SECONDARY SEAL
Well site Hydraulic site

40
FIXED PIPE RAMS
RAM ASSEMBLY
TOP PACKER
RAM BODY
FRONT PACKER

41
VARIABLE BORE RAMS
TOP PACKER
RAM BODY
FRONT PACKER
RAM ASSEMBLY

42
Anti extrusion plates
“Ram rubber life”

43
RAM RUBBER COMPRESSION
CLOSING FORCE
Hydraulic pressure 1.500 psi

Max. Pressure 3.000 psi
CLOSING FORCE
Hydraulic pressure 1.500 psi
Max. Pressure 3.000 psi
+
Wellbore Pressure Resultant
Well bore assistant
44
API – Hang Off
Fixed Ram’s
5” Pipe 600.000 lbs
3-1/2” Pipe 425.000 lbs
Low Pressure Test
Variable Ram’s
Consult manuafctures recommodations

45
BLIND/SHEAR RAMS
TOP PACKER
LOWER RAM ASSEMBLY
SIDE PACKERS
API baseline to shear:
UPPER RAM BODY
Min. Shear test of 19,5# Grade G with 13 5/8” BOP,
BLADE PACKER shall be done within the operating limits of the BOP
control system operating range (3000 psi).
Classroom Manual, section 2, page 90.

46
HYDRAULIC OPERATION OF
RAM PREVENTER
RAM SHAFT OPENING CHAMBER
PISTON CLOSING CHAMBER

RAM

47
FORCE = PRESSURE x AREA
API CLOSING RATIO:

A dimensionless factor equal to the wellbore pressure divided by
the operating pressure necessary to close the ram BOP
against wellbore pressure
CLOSING
AREA
RAM SHAFT
AREA
WELL CLOSING
PRESSURE PRESSURE

48
RATIO (CLOSING)
Closing pressure required to Rated Working Pressure
close ram with rated wellbore = -------------------------------------
pressure in the bore. Min Closing P Closing Ratio
or
Piston closing area
Closing Ratio = -------------------------------------
Ram shaft area
The ratio of the wellhead pressure to the pressure required to close BOP

49
Rams
RESPONSE TIME
Response time between activation and complete operation of a function is based on BOP
Closing time should not exceed
30 seconds for all surface ram BOP installations

45 seconds for all subsea ram BOP installations
PRESSURE TEST
Initial high pressure test on BOP stack, choke manifold and choke/kill lines should
be to rated working pressure on the ram BOP’s or to the rated working pressure
of the wellhead that the stack is installed on, whichever is lower.
Subsequent high pressure tests on well control components should be to a pressure

greater than the maximum anticipated surface pressure, but not to exceed the
working pressure of the ram BOP’s.
A BOP is considered closed when the regulated operating pressure has recovered
to its nominal setting.

50
FLOWPATH

51
52
LINE UP FOR HARD SHUT IN

53
HARD SHUT IN PROCEDURES
1 Pick off bottom and position string
2 Stop pumps & Rotation
3 Close BOP (Ram or Annular)

5
4 Open hydraulic side outlet valve
5 Observe pressure 1
2
3 4

54
LINE UP FOR SOFT SHUT IN

55
SOFT SHUT IN PROCEDURES
1 Pick off bottom and position string
2 Stop pumps & Rotation
3 Open hydraulic side outlet valve 6

5
4 Close BOP (Ram or Annular)
5 1
Close remote hydraulic choke
6 Observe pressure
2
4 3

56
Chock Manifold
D
O
W
N
S
T
R
E
A
M
U
P
S
T
R
E
A
M
Give safety and flexibility when circulating out a kick.

57
Choke
Control backpressure during
MANUAL circulating out a kick.
CHOKE
Air
Hydraulic
HYDRAULIC
CHOKE
58
Mud-Gas Separator
PRESSURE BUILD UP
LENGTH OF VENT LINE
ID OF VENT LINE
PRESSURE CONTAINMENT
HIGHT OF U-TUPE/DIP TUBE
GRADIENT OF FLUID
59
Pressure Build Up , back p
1- Vent Line ID
2- Vent Line Height
Maximum Pressure , normal p,capacity
U or Dip Tube Height
Mud Seal Level

60
Vacuum Degasser
SWACO
VACUUM DEGASSER
Used centrifugal force
WELCO
VACUUM DEGASSER
Used vacum pump
61
62
MAIN COMPONENTS
BOP control system for surface installation normally supply hydraulic fluid in a
closed loop circuit as the actuating medium
Storage (reservoir) equipment for supplying ample fluid

to the pumping unit
Pumping system for pressurizing the control fluid
Accumulator bottles for storing pressurized control fluid
Hydraulic control manifold for regulating the control fluid pressure

and directing the power fluid flow to operate the system functions
Remote control panels for operating the hydraulic control

manifold from remote locations.

63
1. Custom air supply 3. By-pass valve 4. Automatic Hydro-Pneumatic pressure switch
6. Air operated Hydraulic pumps 10. Electric Triplex pump 11. Automatic Hydro-Electric pressure switch
16. Accumulator shut off valves 17. Accumulators 18. Accumulator relief valve
20. Manifold pressure reducing and regulating valve 22. Selector valve (3 position/4 way valve)
23. By-pass valve 26. Panel-Unit selector 27. Annular pressure reducing and regulating valve
28. Accumulator Pressure gauge 29. Manifold Pressure gauge 30. Annular Preventer Pressure gauge
31-32-33 Pressure transmitter 35-36-37 Air regulators 41. Hydraulic fluid fill hole
64
REMOTE
CONTROL PANELS
MINIMUM ONE REMOTE PANEL

GRAPHIC PRESENTATIPN OF BOP STACK
CONTROL ALL HYDRAULIC FUNCTIONS ON BOP’s – C+K VALVES
DISPLAY POSITION OF CONTROL VALVES
DISPLAY ELECTRIC PUMP RUNNING (OFFSHORE ONLY)
CONTROL FOR ANNULAR BOP REGULATOR PRESSURE SETTING
CONTROL FOR MANIFOLD REGULATOR BYPASS VALVE
READOUT OF:
ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE
MANIFOLD REGULATED PRESSURE
ANNULAR BOP REGULATED PRESSURE
RIG AIR PRESSURE
AUDIBLE AND VISIBLE ALARMS FOR:

LOW ACCUMULATOR PRESSURE
LOW RIG AIR PRESSURE
LOW HYDRAULIC RESERVOIR LEVEL
STANDBY POWER (if applicable)
TWO HANDED OPERATION

65
66
API RP 53 third edition:
Close one annular type preventer

All ram type preventers
Open one HCR valve
Remaining pressure Acc. Press > Precharge + 200 psi

67
BOYLE’S LAW
P1 x V 1 = P 2 x V 2
Pressure x Volume = Constant

V = Total volume of accumulator (fluid and nitrogen)
P1 = Maximum pressure of the accumulator when

completely charged
V1 = Nitrogen gas volume in accumulator at

maximum pressure P1
P2 = Minimum pressure left in accumulator after use.

Recommended minimum is 1.200 psi
V2 = Nitrogen volume in accumulator at minimum

pressure P2
V2 - V1 = Total usable fluid

68
TDS IBOP
HYDRIL DART SUB
DRILL PIPE SAFETY VALVE

IBOP
69
FAST SHUT OFF COUPLING
DRILL PIPE FLOAT

70
TEST PLUG
CUP TYPE TESTER

71

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Welcome to

WELL CONTROL COURSE

Rated working pressure:

Changing to casing Rams:

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Answer : (.052*8200*12.5 )+580 = 5910 psi

• For drilling operations wellhead outlets should

• Have the same ID and working Pressure of BOP.

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

a. A low pressure annular preventer with a large internal diameter.

This schematic is intended to demonstrate hydraulic functions only.

Offshore 10” or larger

A Diverter system is often used during top-hole drilling.

The system is designed to

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

OPENING CHAMBER HEAD

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Opening Chamber LATCHED HEAD

Operating Piston CSO FUNCTION

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

BASE RUBBER COMPOUND

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Opening Chamber Annular Element

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

TWO PIECE PACKER

HIGH CLOSING PRESSURE

2 seals BALANCED CHAMBER

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Pressure tests on well control equipment should be conducted at least:

Prior to spud or upon installation

Well control equipment should be pressure tested with water.

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

A stable low pressure test should be maintained for at least 5 minutes.

Initial high pressure tests on well control components should be to Their

A stable high pressure test should be maintained for at least 5 minutes.

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

MARKING OF FLANGES ON OD:

MANUFACTURER’S NAME AND MARK

FLANGE SECTION FLANGE SECTION

PRESSURE RATING PRESSURE RATING

OCTAGONAL OVAL GROOVE

API TYPE RX PRESSURE ENERGISED RING GASKETS

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

MARKING OF RING GASKETS ON RING OD.

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

TYPE U & UII

A Bonnet Bolts B Ram Change Cylinder

Wider Intermediate Flange w/Bore

Bigger Piston Area

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Well site Hydraulic site

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

“Ram rubber life”

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Hydraulic pressure 1.500 psi

3-1/2” Pipe 425.000 lbs

Low Pressure Test

Copyright -2016 STC. All rights reserved

Answer : (.052820012.5 )+580 = 5910 psi