Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1
毛 悦
Mɑo Yue
汉语的秘密 SECRET OF CHINESE
Chinese name:
Mɑo Yue
Surname
Last name
First name
Family name
Máo Zédōng
Syllabic Structure of Mandarin
Syllable: tone
(Initial) +Final
Máo Yuè
Máo Zédōng
shēngmǔ
m 声母 initials
Máo
yùnmǔ
毛 ao 韵母 finals
shēngdiào
/ 声调 tones
shēngmǔ
声 母 initials
Un- Aspirated Nasal Fricative Voiced
aspirated
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
yùnmǔ
韵母 finals
Simple finals : a i ü u o e
Compound finals :
• uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
• ai ei ao ou
• ia ie ua uo
• üe
Nasal finals :
• ang an en eng ong
• iang ian in ing iong
• Uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
• üan üen ( ün )
Simple Vowels
ɑ
o
e
i
u
ü
Tones
1st: High level tone
ɑ ā á ǎ à
o ō ó ǒ ò
With Tones
e ē é ě è
i ī í ǐ ì
With Tones
u ū ú ǔ ù
ü ǖ ǘ ǚ ǜ
Can you read?
• mā - mà mā - má
• fā –fà fā - fá
• tā –tà tā - tá
• dā –dà dā - dá
• pā –pà pā - pá
Group Work :
A : Nǐ hǎo. ( Hello )
B : Nǐ hǎo. ( Hello
)
A: Nǐmen hǎo. ( Hello everyone )
B 、 C 、 D : Nǐ hǎo. (Hello)
A 、 B 、 C : Lǎoshī hǎo. (Hello, teacher)
D: Nǐmen hǎo.
Can you read ?
wo wǒ I
Syllable: tone
h ǎo 好
(initial) final
Wǒ lǎoshī. lǎoshī
wǒ shìshì (老 (I’m a teacher.)
师)
Wǒ shì xuésheng.
xuésheng (学 (student)
生)
TONES
1st: High level tone
ā á ǎ à a
ō ó ǒ ò o
WITH TONES
ē é ě è e
ī í ǐ ì i
WITH TONES
ū ú ǔ ù u
ǖ ǘ ǚ ǜ ü
INITIAL CONSONANTS (21)
Un- Aspirate Nasal Fricativ Voiced
aspirat d e
ed
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
ɑ o e i u
b *
p *
m
f * *
d *
t *
n *
l *
g * *
k * *
n * *
Compound finals :
uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
ai ei ao ou
ia ie ua uo
üe
Nasal finals :
uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
ang an en eng ong
iang ian in ing iong
üan üen ( ün )
ai ao ou ei ua uo uai
uei(ui
)
z * *
c * *
s * * *
zh
ch * *
sh
r * * *
g
k
h
zai–cai zao–zhao zhou–chou
shai–sai cao-sao chao–shao
rou-rao zhao–zhuo gei–kei
zhui–zui zou-zhou zao-zhao
i ü ia ie iao iou(iu) üe
n *
• nǐ •你 you
• tā 他 he
2 Characters: 人 你 您 他
个
他 是 我 的
朋友。
He is my friend.
S V O
拼音 PĪNYĪN3
3
毛 悦
Mɑo Yue
INITIAL CONSONANTS (21)
Un- Aspirated Nasal Fricative Voiced
aspirated
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
ó
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
FINALS
Simple finals : a o ei u ü
Compound finals :
uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
ai ei ao ou
ia ie ua uo
üe
Nasal finals :
uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
ang an en eng ong
iang ian in ing iong
üan üen ( ün )
yùnmǔ
韵母 finals
ɑ o e i u ü
i ü
u
o
e
uɑ
ɑ iɑ
yùnmǔ
韵母 finals ɑ o e i u ü
i (iou) (ien
iɑ ie iɑo iu iɑn ) iɑng ing iong
in
(uei uɑn (uen) uɑng ueng
u uɑ uo uɑi )
un
ui
(üen
ü üe
)
ün
Can you read ?
o: pōmò bōpò fótuó mòluò mópò
e: lèhé kēkè tèsè hégé jī’è
u: bùfú pùbù zhùchù túshū fúwù
ü: yùjù xùqǔ qūjū qūyù yùnǚ
er: èrjiù èrhú érxì jì’ér ěrsāi
ei: fēichē xuéfèi bèihòu lèihén wèisuō
ao: pāomáo gāozhāo bàodào láobǎo bàochǎo
ou: shòuhóu ōu’zhōu dòu’ōu shōugòu gōushǒu
Can you read ?
• Běijīng 北京 Beijing
• Shànghǎi 上海 Shanghai
CAN YOU READ ?
• Jiāzhōu • California
• Texas
• Dékèsàsī
• Xībānyá • Spain
• Éluósī • Rassia
HOMEWORK
1 Initial Exercise ( online )
我 是 美国
人。
PRACTICE: TONGUE TWISTER
拼音 PĪNYĪN 4
4
毛 悦
Mɑo Yue
INITIAL CONSONANTS (21)
Un- Aspirated Nasal Fricative Voiced
aspirated
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
ó
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
FINALS
Simple finals : a o ei u ü
Compound finals :
uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
ai ei ao ou
ia ie ua uo
üe
Nasal finals :
uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
ang an en eng ong
iang ian in ing iong
üan üen ( ün )
CAN YOU READ ?
• Zhōngguó • 中国 China
• Měiguó
• 美国 the US.
• Běijīng
北京
Beijing
• Niǔyuē
纽约 New
• Shànghǎi York
CAN YOU READ ?
• Jiāzhōu • California
• Dékèsàsī
• Texas
• Xībānyá • Spain
• Éluósī • Rassia
Can you speak ?
Wǒ shì _________ rén.
我 是 人。
Zhōngguó 中国
Měiguó 美国
Běijīng 北京
Niǔyuē 纽约
Shànghǎi 上海
1 、 tone marks:
bā bó gē lǐ tú lǚ
(2) More than one vowel, Put it over the vowel in this order : a-o-e-i-u-ü
liú guǐ
(4)”i”, omit the dot
lǐ shì lìng
Spelling Rules
nü
nü jü=ju
lü qü=qu
xü=xu
Spelling Rules
With no preceding initial:
i yi
ia ya
ie ye
iao yao
iou you
ian yan
iang yang
iong yong
in yin
ing ying
Spelling Rules
With no preceding initial: ü the umlaut drops out,and add a “y” in front
ü yu
üe yue
üan yuan
ün yun
Spelling Rules
With no preceding initial:
u wu
ua wa
uo wo
uai wai
uei wei
uan wan
uen wen
uang wang
ueng weng
SPELLING RULES
iou iu jiù
uei ui huì
uen un chūn
üen ün yún
Spelling Rules
Place 、 name: capitalize the first letter
iang-yang uang-wang
ing-ying ueng-weng
iong-yong
HOMEWORK
1. Listen to the finals online
5
毛 悦
Mɑo Yue
INITIAL CONSONANTS (21)
Un- Aspirated Nasal Fricative Voiced
aspirated
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
ó
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
FINALS
Simple finals : a o ei u ü
Compound finals :
uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
ai ei ao ou
ia ie ua uo
üe
Nasal finals :
uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
ang an en eng ong
iang ian in ing iong
üan üen ( ün )
CAN YOU READ?
我 姓 叫 是 人 中国 美国
北京 上海 纽约 外国 你 您 个
第 1 课 有朋自远方来
SENTENCE REVIEW
1 我是……,我姓……,叫……
2 他是我的朋友。
3 我是美国人。
S V O
DICTATION
1. _ iāng 2. uì 3. ái 4. iū 5. ēng
11. n_____ 12. p_____ 13. t_____ 14. y_____ 15. d_____
16. b_____ 17. f_____ 18. r_____ 19. j_____ 20. l_____
21_________ 22________ 23_______ 24.______ 25.________
26.
Tone sandhi
Third tone :
a. ∨+∨ → / +∨ 你好 nǐ hǎo
yǔfǎ → yúfǎ
shuǐguǒ → shuíguǒ
suǒyǐ → suóyǐ
Tone sandhi
Third tone :
a. ∨+∨ → / +∨ 你好 nǐ hǎo
Tone sandhi
Third tone :
b.“ ∨+ - / \” → “、+- / \ ”
( only keep the falling pitch )
北京 Běijīng
法国 fǎguó
纽约 Niǔyuē
你看 nǐ kàn
Tone sandhi
Third tone :
b.“ ∨+ - / \” → “、+- / \ ”
( only keep the falling pitch )
TONE SANDHI
Tone changing for “yi” “bu”
“ 一”( yī ) +“ - ′ ˇ ” “ 一”
( yì ) +“ - ”
yībēi 一杯 one cup yìbēi
yīnián 一年 one year yìnián
yīběn 一本 one notebook yìběn
“ 一”( yī ) +“ \ ” “ 一 ”( yí ) +“
\ ”
yībàn 一半 a half yíbàn
yīcì 一次 one time yícì
TONE SANDHI
Tone changing for “bu”
“ 不”( bù ) +“ \ ” “ 不”( bú ) +“ \ ”
bùqù búqù
bùshì búshì
bùrè búrè
PRACTICE: TONGUE TWISTER
拼音 PĪNYĪN 6
6
毛 悦
Mɑo Yue
INITIAL CONSONANTS (21)
Un- Aspirated Nasal Fricative Voiced
aspirated
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
ó
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
FINALS
Simple finals : a o ei u ü
Compound finals :
uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
ai ei ao ou
ia ie ua uo
üe
Nasal finals :
uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
ang an en eng ong
iang ian in ing iong
üan üen ( ün )
SENTENCE REVIEW
1 我是……,我姓……,叫……
2 他是我的朋友。
3 我是美国人。
S V O
TONE SANDHI
NEUTRAL TONE (qīngshēng)
Māma 妈妈 mum gēge 哥哥 elder brother
gūgu 姑姑 aunt shūshu 叔叔 auncle
7
毛 悦
Mɑo Yue
INITIAL CONSONANTS (21)
Un- Aspirated Nasal Fricative Voiced
aspirated
Labial b p m f
Dental d t n l
ó
Guttural g k h
Palatal j q x
Retroflex zh ch sh r
Dental z c s
Sibilant
FINALS
Simple finals : a o ei u ü
Compound finals :
uai uei ( ui ) iao iou ( iu )
ai ei ao ou
ia ie ua uo
üe
Nasal finals :
uang uan uen ( un ) ueng
ang an en eng ong
iang ian in ing iong
üan üen ( ün )
Can you read?
Kètángyòngyǔ
课 堂 用 语
CLASSROOM EXPRESSIONS
1. Nǐ hǎo! 你好! How are you?