Project Life Cycle

Project Life Cycle

 Project Life Cycle defines or tells:
– The phases of the project (time)
– The work performed in each phase (work)
– The input and output of each phase (result)
– The milestone of each phase (end sign)
 Common Characteristics of Project Life Cycles:
– Cost and Staffing levels are low at start and move higher
towards the end
– Probability of successfully completing project is low at
beginning, higher towards the end as project continues
 The Project Life Cycle
 Phases that all projects go through from inception
to completion
DEFINITION

CONCEPTION
PLANNING &
ORGANISING

CLEAN-UP

IMPLEMENTATIO
N
 Project Life Cycle

Planning & Implementation Clean-UP

Effort Organizing

Concept
and
Definition

Time
 Conception Phase
 Conceptualization is the first stage in the project lifecycle.
 Conceptualization is the idea, thought, initial plan, first stage
of thinking entrepreneur, manager or economic planner about
his scheme, plan for elimination the existing problems in the
existing operation or avail new opportunities prevailing.
 The concept may be to set up a new project or to expand the
existing operation or modernize, replace with new concepts or
technologies and to initiate action for quality of
improvements.
 Definition Phase
 The definition phase of a system is mainly refinements of
the elements described in the conception phase.
 All the sub-systems and elements of the proposed system are
scrutinized as defined.
 Fabrication of final system performance requirements
 Preparing detailed plans
 Estimating cost, schedule, and performance
 Spotting areas of high risks
 Identify and prepare the documents required to system, such as
procedures, documents, budgets and finance
 Planning Phase
 Core Planning
– Scope Planning – written statement
– Scope Definition – subdividing major deliverables into
more manageable units
– Activity Definition – determine specific tasks needed to
produce project deliverables
– Activity Sequencing – plotting dependencies
– Activity Duration Estimating – determine amount of
work needed to complete the activities
(continued)
 Planning Phase
 Core Planning
– Schedule Development – analyze activity sequences,
duration, and resource requirements
– Resource Planning – identify what and how many
resources are needed to perform the activities
– Cost Estimating – develop resource and total project
costs
– Cost Budgeting – allocating project estimates to
individual work items
– Project Plan Development – taking results from other
planning processes into a collective document
 Planning Phase
 Facilitating (Planning) Processes
– Quality Planning – standards that are relevant to the
project and determining how to meet standards
– Organizational Planning – identify, document, and
assigning project roles and responsibilities
– Staff Acquisition – obtaining the human resources
– Communications Planning – determining rules and
reporting methods to stakeholders
(continued)
 Planning Phase
 The order of planning events :
– Scope Statement
– Create Project Team
– Work Breakdown Structure
– Finalize the team
– Network Diagram
– Estimate Time and Cost
– Critical Path
– Schedule
– Budget (continued)
 Planning Phase
 The order of planning events (continued)
– Purchase Plan
– Quality Plan
– Risk Identification, quantification and response
development
– Change Control Plan
– Communication Plan
– Management Plan
– Final Project Plan
– Project Plan Approval
 Implementation Phase
– Project Plan Execution – performing the activities
– Complete Work Packages
– Information Distribution
– Scope Verification – acceptance of project scope
– Quality Assurance – evaluating overall project
performance on a regular basis; meeting standards
– Team Development – developing team and
individual skill sets to enhance the project
– Progress Meetings
(continued)
 Implementation Phase
– Information Distribution – making
project information available in a timely
manner
– Source Selection – choosing appropriate
suppliers
– Contract Administration – managing
vendor relationships
 Controlling Phase
 To regularly measure project performance and to
adjust project plan
 Take preventive actions in anticipation of
possible problems
– Overall Change Control – coordinating changes
across the entire project plan
– Scope Change Control – controlling “scope creep”
– Schedule Control – adjusting time and project
schedule of activities
(continued)
 Controlling Phase
– Cost Control – managing project budget
– Quality Control – monitoring standards and
specific project results; eliminating causes of
unsatisfactory performance
– Performance Reporting – status, forecasting,
and progress reporting schedule
– Risk Response Control – responding to
changes in risk during the duration of the
project
 Clean-up Phase
 Administrative Closure – generating necessary
information to formally recognize phase or project
completion
 Contract Close-out – completion and delivery of
project deliverables and resolving open issues
 Purchase Audits
 Product Verification
 Formal Acceptance
 Lessons Learned
 Update Records
 Archive Records
 Release Team
Level of
Activity
Executing
Phase
Planning Closing
Initiating Phase Controlling
Phase 控制过程 Phase Phase

Phase Phase
Start Finish

Overlap of Process Groups in a Phase of a project