NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

AR 363 - BUILDING UTILITIES 3 (ACOUSTIC & LIGHTING

COLLEGE OF ARCHITECTURE SYSTEMS)

CHAPTER IV: ACOUSTICS SYSTEMS

AND THEATER DESIGN

GROUP NO. 4

GROUP MEMBERS:
1. Javier, Brianna
2. Lacambra, Deopaulo
3. Lacanilao, Shane
4. Mabagos, Alieza
5. Mallare, Eliza
 CHAPTER OUTLINE:

ACOUSTIC SYSTEMS:
Sound Reinforcement System
• Input Devices Amplifiers
• Loudspeaker Systems

Noise Control & Reduction

• Planning of Building Against Noise
• Air-borne & solid-borne noise

Theater Design
• Auditorium Design & Layouts
• Audience & Seating requirements
Stage proportions

COLLEGE OF 2.
 I. SOUND REINFORCEMENT SYSTEM

A sound reinforcement system is a set

of audio components designed to
amplify and distribute sound to a
larger audience in various settings,
such as concerts, conferences, or
public events.

COLLEGE OF 3.
 THREE BASIC ELEMENTS OF
SOUND SYSTEM
INPUT DEVICES

• MICROPHONE- Acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor that converts

sound into an electric signal.

Condenser Microphone
Dynamic Microphone -For studio recording
-For stage/live use -Used for their detail and accuracy
-Booming sounds and louder environments -Made with lightweight diaphragm
-Uses a wire coil to amply the signal picked suspended in a fixed plate.
up by the diaphragm. -It needs a power source and is highly
-Tough and requires little to no sensitive.
maintenance
COLLEGE OF 4.
 THREE BASIC ELEMENTS OF
SOUND SYSTEM
INPUT DEVICES

• AMPLIFIERS- Electronic device that can increase the power of signal.

• LOUDSPEAKER SYSTEMS- an electro-acoustic transducer that
produces sound in response to an electrical audio signal output.

TYPES OF SPEAKERS
-Wireless/Bluetooth speakers
-Built-in speakers
-Subwoofer (lower frequency 80Hz),
consume more power
-Woofer (low-frequency 80-1000Hz),
consume less power
-High-fidelity speakers (50Hz-12Hz)
-Soundbars

COLLEGE OF 5.
 T Y P E S O FL O U D S P E A K E R S Y S T E M S

• Central – designed in an array of directional

units placed above and slightly in front of the
primary speaking position.

• Distributed – consists of a series of low-level

speakers located throughout the
space that covers small areas where the central
speaker could not provide proper coverage.

COLLEGE OF 6.
 C O M B I N A T I O N O FC E N T R A L A N D D I S T R I B
UTED
L O U D S P E A K E R SY S T E M S

COLLEGE OF 7.
 NOISECONTROL&REDU
CTION
Noise control and reduction are important aspects in the
context of sound reinforcement systems, especially in
environments where unwanted noise can interfere with the
desired audio experience.

COLLEGE OF 8.
 SITING AND P L A N N I N G OF
BUILDING AGAINST NOISE

Grading and Landscaping

- Masonry walls, earth embankments, and landscaping can
reduce noise by as much as 5 decibels (dB).

COLLEGE OF 9.
 SITING AND P L A N N I N G OF
BUILDING AGAINST NOISE

Building Layout
- The arrangement of rooms and corridors, and the locations of windows and doors
have a bearing on the control of noise.
- Spaces facing public spaces (streets, playgrounds, roads) must be avoided in rooms
that require a quieter environment.
- Mechanical equipment should be isolated from areas that cannot tolerate loud noises.

COLLEGE OF 10.
 AIR-BORNE NOISE
Sound waves from one side of the room travel through the air until they reach an element and cause it to
vibrate.

-Rigid Partition
-Compound Walls (Cavity Wall)
-Doors and Windows
-Wood/Steel Stud Partitions

COLLEGE OF 11.
 SOLID-BORNE NOISE

Transmission occurs particularly by tremors which are conducted by

vibrations.

-Carpets and padding

-Foam/rubber/fiberglass underlay
-Spring ceiling hangers, sound clips, resilient
mounts
-Suspended ceiling system Secondary Wall structure
-Raised Floors

COLLEGE OF 12.
 THEATER DESIGN

Theater design is a complex process that requires adequate planning

to ensure the project’s success. Planning involves understanding the
theater’s purpose and how this will impact the final design.

COLLEGE OF 13.
TYPES OF THEATER STAGES

END STAGE
-The audience faces the stage in the same
direction.
-Sightlines were kept simple. Perfect for
lecture and slide-based presentations.
-Can’t be too large due to the acoustic limit.

COLLEGE OF 14.
TYPES OF THEATER STAGES

WIDE FAN
-Theater sets are placed within a 130-degree
angle of inclusion. This brings the audience
closer to the performer.
-Geared toward speech-related functions.

COLLEGE OF 15.
TYPES OF THEATER STAGES

¾ ARENA/THRUST THEATER
-180-270-degree angle of inclusion/ stage
surrounded by an audience on three sides.
-Hearing and visual contact between
spectator and performer is improved.

COLLEGE OF 16.
TYPES OF THEATER STAGES

PROSCENIUM STAGE
-Also known as the “picture frame stage’.
-Most common type of stage.
-Apron- extended part of the stage which
offers an additional playing area for the
actors.

COLLEGE OF 17.
 Mariinsky Theatre (Kirov Theater), Saint
Petersburg, Russia

COLLEGE OF 18.
 Philippine International Convention Center

COLLEGE OF 19.
 Greenbelt Chapel, Makati

COLLEGE OF 20.
 THEATER DESIGN

Seats, aisles, and row min. requirements

-Maximum of 16 seats per aisle
-Traditional seating:
Min row to row = 850mm
Min clearway = 300mm Min, slope for ramp = 1:12
-Min. Aisle/ gangway dim.= 1100mm
-Wheelchair location and number=
2% of total seating capacity

Sightlines
-Good view w/o head movement= 30°
-Goodview w/ slight head movement= 40-60 °

COLLEGE OF 21.
 THEATER DESIGN

Stage, shape, and size

-Explore different stage layouts based on your theater
seating.

Sound and light lock

- SSL is a passage between the lobby and the theater seating.

Establish floor elevations

-On your floor plans, set each change of
floor elevations in your theater seating.

COLLEGE OF 22.
 THEATER DESIGN

Toilet requirements
-Theater (assembly places) minimum plumbing fixtures:

Water closet
Male 3 36-55
Female 4 36-55
Over 55, add 1 fixture for each additional 40 persons.
Urinal
1 10-50
Add one for each additional 50 males.

Lavatories
1 per 40 male/female

COLLEGE OF 23.
 https://bothners.co.za/dynamic-vs-condenser-mics-a-
basic-introduction/
https://recording-history.org/types-of-speakers/
https://www.slideshare.net/onalkothari/report-on-
landscape-element
https://archi-monarch.com/auditorium-design/
https://trashcansunlimited.com/blog/auditorium-
plans- layout-guides/
https://www.archdaily.com/799379/how-to-design-
theater- seating-shown-through-21-detailed-example-
layouts
https://www.arch2o.com/theater-design-7-for-designing-
a- good-theater/
https://www.virtualbx.com/construction-
preview/san- antonio
-construction-documents-to-be-complete-by- october
-on-alameda-theater-restoration/

COLLEGE OF 24.
 THANK YOU!

COLLEGE OF 25.