OVERVIEW

The kingdom of fungi or

eukaryotic, is filled with
Organisms of great
variety and complexity
that have survive on earth
approximately 650 million years.

For practical purpose,

mycologist divided the
fungi into two groups: the
macroscopic fungi, and
microscopic fungi.
 One basis of the nature of the reproductive hyphae
and the manner in which the spores originate: there are
two subtypes of asexual spore.
1. Sporangiospore
2. Conidia - Conidia are the most common asexual spores,
and they occur in these forms:
 Arthrospore – A rectangular spore formed when a septate
hyphae fragments at the cross walls.
 Chlamydospre – A spherical conidium formed by the
thickening of a hyphae cell.
 Blastospre – A spre produce by building from a parent
cell that is yeast or another conidium.
 Phialospre – A conidium that is budded from the mouth
of a vase shape spore – bearing cell called a phialide or
sterigma
3 most common sexual spores

 Zygospore – Are the sturdy diploid spores formed

when hyphae of two opposite strains fuse and
create a diploid zygote that swells and becomes
covered by strong, spiny walls.
 Ascospore – Are created inside a special fungal
sac or ascus.
 Basidiospore – Are haploid sexual spores formed
on the outside of a club-shaped cell called
basidium.
THE ROLES OF FUNGI IN NATURE AND IN
INDUSTRY

Fungi involved in other medical

conditions besides infections. Fungal cell walls
give off chemical substances that can cause
allergies. The toxins producer by poisonous
mushrooms can induce neurological
disturbance and even death. The mold
Aspergillus Flavus synthesizes a potentially
lethal poison called aflatoxin. Which is the
cause of diseases in domestic animals that
have eaten grain contaminated with the mold
and is also cause of liver cancer in humans.
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