Reported (Indirect) Speech

(Dolaylı Anlatım)
I am tired. My mother
said that she
was tired.
Jane: “I'm leaving.”
Jane said she was leaving.

Tom said “I like football.”

Tom said that he liked football.

Mary: Brian has been ill for two weeks.

Mary told me that Brian had been ill for two weeks.

Children: We will clean our room.

Children said that they would clean their room.
Birinin söylediği bir
sözü bir başkasına
anlatırken
kullandığımız
yapılardır.
• Birisinin söylediği cümleyi başkasına aktarmak için
RS kullanılır.

• Aktarılan cümlenin bir derece pastı ile ifade edilir.

• Cümle aktarılırken, zamirler, işaret sıfatları, zaman

ifadeleri değişebilir.
* “said” yerine “told” veya “said to” da cümlenin
söylendiği kişi ile beraber kullanılabilir.

EX: Onur: "I have just sent an e-mail."


said
Onur told me that he had just sent an e-mail.
said to me

---------------------------------------------------------------

said
Söyleyen told + (söylenen) (that) + cümlenin bir geçmişi
said to + (söylenen)
 * Tense Changes

Direct Speech Indirect Speech

am / is / are was / were
Simple Present (do, does, go) Simple Past (did, went)
have / has had
did had + V3
will would
can could
must had to
have to / has to had to
 Direct Indirect
Peter: "I write ." Peter said that he wrote .

P.: "I wrote ."

P.: "I have written ." P. s. t. h. had written .

P.: "I had written ."

P.: "I will write ." P. s. t. h. would write.

P.: "I can write ." P. s. t. h. could write.

P.: "I may write ." P. s. t. h. might write .

P.: "I would write ." P. s. t. h. would write .

(could, might, should) (could, might, should)

P.: " I am writing ." P. s. t. h. was writing .

P.: "I was writing ."

P. s. t. h. had been writing in the garden.
P.: "I have been writing ."

P.: "I had been writing ."

Leyla: “ I don’t want to tell you anything now.”

Ersin: “ Leyla said (that) she didn’t want to tell me anything then.”

Şeyda: “ We will visit Paris next year.”


Ayşegül: “ Şeyda said (that) they would visit Paris the following year.”
 “ Huriye fell in love with Murtaza.”
They said (that)
Huriye had fallen O my Gosh! I
in love with can’t believe
Murtaza. that.
 “Ayşe cheated in the final exam last week.”

They said (that) Ayşe had

cheated in the final
Really! It is
exam the week before. impossible.
 Reported Imperatives

• Emirleri aktarırken, to / not to + V1 kullanılır.

• “said” yerine, “told, wanted, asked, ordered” kullanılır.

• Bunlardan sonra cümlenin söylendiği kişi getirilir.

 * Examples

"Stay in bed for a few days," the doctor said to me.

The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.

"Don't shout," I said to Jim.

I told Jim not to shout.

"Please don't tell anyone what happened," Ann said to me.

Ann asked me not to tell anyone what had happened.

“Open the door, Tom" Ann asked.

Ann wanted Tom to open the door.

Commander to the soldier: “Run 5 kilometers”

Commander ordered the soldier to run 5 kilometers.