The acquisition of food, textiles and other SOUTHERN LEYTE

resources from plants and animals has been a STATE UNIVERSITY

MAIN CAMPUS
major concern for human societies, from the
earliest days as hunter-gathers, through pastoral
and swidden phases, to agrarian societies, with an
associated trend away from nomadic to sedentary
lifestyles.
Introduction:

-from greenhouse gases such as carbon SOUTHERN LEYTE

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dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide; MAIN CAMPUS
-a result of clearing, cultivation of sloping land and salinity;
-from fertilisers, pesticides, overuse and wetland draining;
-loss of biodiversity due to habitat degradation and mining.
Introduction:

relatively new and suffer from several limitations SOUTHERN LEYTE

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including credibility, complexity, financial risk, MAIN CAMPUS
uncertain consumer demand and patchy evidence
of environmental improvement (Chang and
Kristiansen 2006).
• EMS stands for?
Definition:

The international food standards, state: Organic

agriculture is a holistic production management SOUTHERN LEYTE
system which promotes and enhances agro- STATE UNIVERSITY
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ecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological
cycles, and soil biological activity.
Origin:

Brief History
SOUTHERN LEYTE
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Started his “do nothing agriculture in 1947 MAIN CAMPUS

He wants to create a food-producing environment

with less human intervention as possible.
With this he was able to compose lists of things
“not to do” in farming
No plowing or turning of the soil – let the earth
cultivate itself.
Origin:Brief History

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Established “Nature Farming” in 1936  Strong STATE UNIVERSITY
advocate of “No fertilizer farming” MAIN CAMPUS

Living in perfect harmony with nature is important

Believes that farming with nature can produce
healthy foods while preserving the ecosystem
Origin:Brief History
A Japanese professor and researcher at the Ryukus
University in Japan
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During the 1980’s while doing invistagations on STATE UNIVERSITY
microorganisms accidentally spilled some MAIN CAMPUS

microorganisms on the ground and few days after,

found the shrubs nearby were growing
abundantly.
He then developed the EM technolgy that has been
used as soil conditioner
His EM technology started as soil conditioner, now
it expands to livestock, environment, health, etc.
Origin:Brief History

Founded Natural Farming Systems in 1960 SOUTHERN LEYTE

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An alternative way of farming that assured both MAIN CAMPUS
high yield and good quality farming and a nature-
respecting farming systems
Discovers the importance of Indigenous
Microorganisms, the living nitrogen and
bionutrients/pesticides in agriculture
 SOUTHERN LEYTE
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Development of the principles to understand the MAIN CAMPUS
motivations of organic farmers, the practices they
use and what they want to achieve, it is important
to understand the guiding principles of organic
agriculture.
These principles encompass the fundamental goals
and caveats that are considered important for
producing high quality food, fibre and other goods
in an environmentally sustainable way.
Principles:

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(IFOAM) stands for

Principles:

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- Organic agriculture should sustain and enhance the STATE UNIVERSITY
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health of soil, plant, animal and human as one and
indivisible.
• - Organic agriculture should be based on and work with living
ecological systems and cycles, emulate them and help sustain them.
Principles:

- Organic agriculture should be built upon SOUTHERN LEYTE

relationships that ensure fairness with regard to the STATE UNIVERSITY
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common environment and life opportunities.
• - Organic agriculture should be managed in a precautionary and
responsible manner to protect the health and well-being of current
and future generations and the environment.
Basics of Natural Farming
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1. The Principles
Basics:

2. Strengths of Natural Farming

SOUTHERN LEYTE
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Basics:

Theory of Natural Farming;

SOUTHERN LEYTE
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