IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF A

PRESSURE DROP COEFFICIENT MODEL OF A

CONICAL DIFFUSER USING MULTI START
GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION METHOD
 INTRODUCTION

• A conical diffuser is a smoothly expanding tubular section used in

order to make transition from a tube of smaller cross section to a
large one with minimum pressure losses
• To save pumping or ventilation work a low pressure drop Coefficient is
required
• The pressure drop Coefficient is a dimensions value that gives the
pressure losses in pipes or duct in this case a conical diffuser
 Statement of the problem
The existing improved model for Estimating the
pressure drop of a conical diffuser is good but the
neural network in Matlab used does not give a single
explicit model, rather the model is in parallel
equations ,hence there's need to improve the model
with a different approach which will give a single yet
convenient model for estimating the pressure drop of a
conical diffuser.
 Aim and objectives of the study
The aim of this study is to improve on the performance of the pressure
recovery coefficient model of a conical diffuser.
While the objectives of the study are
To improve the performance of the pressure drop coefficient model of
a conical diffuser using a multi start global optimization method.
To test the effectiveness of the improved model using industrial data or
data from the literature.
 Significance of the study
The significance of this study is to improve the performance of
the pressure drop coefficient model of a conical diffuser in other
to enhance accurate estimation of the pressure drop coefficient
of a conical diffuser as opposed to the traditional step-wise and
time consuming approach (which involves the use of charts,
equations and tables) of estimating pressure recovery coefficient.
 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research is limited to conical diffusers, and is valid for incompressible

fluid (liquid and gas), flow in the turbulent regime, area ratio of nar ≥ 2
RECENT RESEARCH WORKS ON IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF
THE PRESSURE DROP COEFFICIENT MODEL OF A CONICAL
DIFFUSER

Akpan(2019) developed a neural Bassey,2019 developed a

network based model in
MatLab, His computation was
done in Microsoft Excel
Spreadsheet and he got R
squared value of 0.9997 and the
root mean square value of
0.0039 and Max- Pare value of
8.9% which indicates better
performance than existing model
shock Coefficient model
using neural network in
Matlab and had a R squared
value of 0.9989, RMSE value
of 0.000123 and Max PARE
value of 9.1 %, this model
outperforms existing shock
coefficient model when
compared
 MATERIALS FOR THE RESEARCH

The materials that will be employed in this study in improving the performance
of the model for predicting the pressure drop coefficient of a conical diffuser are;
1. Data describing the diffuser geometry such as the divergence angle, areas
ratio and relative roughness. It describes flow in the turbulent regime such as
Reynold's number and shock coefficient

2. Software; The software that will be used in this work are Global optimization
toolbox in MATLAB for improving the performance of the pressure drop
coefficient model while the computation will be done using a commercial spread
sheet application software (Microsoft Excel).
 METHOD FOR THE PROJECT WORK

The performance of the pressure drop Coefficient model will be

improved using a multi start global optimization method in MatLab .

Multi start method have two phases: the first one in which the solution
is generated and the second in which the solution is typically (but not
necessarily) improved . Then, each global iteration produces a solution
and the best overall is the algorithm's output (Raphael,1999).
FLOW CHART OF MULTI START METHOD
 VALIDATION OF THE MODEL
The work will be validated and tested using certain percentages of the set
data used to develop it in Matrix Laboratory (MatLab) software. The
performance of the output of the multi start optimization method will be
evaluated in MatLab by using the Mean Squared Error (MSE) and the
regression (R) values. The mean squared error is the average squared
difference between the output from the multi start optimization and
correct output. Lower values of MSE are better, Zero values of MSE
means no error. The regression values measures the correlations between
output from the multi start optimization and correct output. An R value
of 1 means a close relationship, Zero means a random relationship.
Computational analysis of the multi start optimization output will be
achieved using spreadsheet Application Software (Microsoft Excel) to
further evaluate its performance.
THANK YOU