-Ç-C-¢√®Ωç 5 - ÅéÓd-•®Ω’ 2008 Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2

B. Lalitha, Vijayawada. A. Krishna Geetarjuna, Nidadavolu. 2) But that you are

Q. Wren & Martin high school Q. 1. BJP was to meet in chennai on July 21. my brother, I must
grammar book Active voice
™ NDTV 24x7 head lines
¢√®Ωh© ™ V™„j 18† have killed you.
†’ Passive voice í¬ ´÷®Ωa-´’E Ñ ¢√éπuç îª÷¨»†’. V™„j 21 ¶µºN-≠æu-ûª’h†’ Ææ÷*- 3) For some reason
éÀçC ¢√é¬uEo Éî√a®Ω’. ≤ÚhçC éπü∆. Å™«ç-ô-°æ¤púø’ will meet ÅE-í¬E, best known to him-
The enemy have defeated our meets ÅE-í¬E, is to meet ÅE-í¬E ™‰ü∆ is self suddenly he
army. key book
DEéÀ answer
™ - meeting ÅEí¬-F Öçú≈L. é¬F was to meet went away.
The army had been defeated by the enemy Åçõ‰ ᙫ éπÈ®èπ◊d. äéπ-¢Ë∞¡ ¢√éπuç Indirect ™ A. 1) Be but advised =
ÅE ÖçC. Ñ ¢√éπuç present perfect tense
™ ÖçúÕ ´·çü¿’ ´÷ô©’ ™°œç-î√-ߪ’-†’-éÓ-¢√™«? let (somebody) course. The present participle here (going)
has been
Ö†o-°æ¤púø’ ÅE ®√¢√L éπü∆. Had been °jí¬ ÅC indirect ™ îÁ°æp-´-©-Æœ† Ææçü¿®Ωs¥ç advise you = Ñ Ææ©£æ… BÆæ’éÓ. does the work of a noun, as it (going) acts as
ÅØËC past perfect tense
™ ´Ææ’hçC éπü∆, é¬ü¿’- éπü∆. 2) But that you are my brother = †’´¤y Ø√èπ◊ the object complement of the verb, had seen.
N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. 2. BJP decides to postpone its National brother é¬éπ-§Ú-ߪ·çõ‰. He seen me on my way .........
A. The army has been defeated ņúøç correct Executive Meet. ÉC E®Ωgߪ’ç BÆæ’-èπ◊†o ûª®√yûª 3) For some reason best known to himself = This sentence is wrong, as 'seen' is only a
passive voice. You are right in saying that the decided
¢√Í®h. Å™«ç-ô-°æ¤púø’ Ééπ\úø ÅE ®√¢√L Åûª-úÕéÀ ´÷vûª¢Ë’ ûÁL-Æœ† 鬮Ω-ù«© -´-©x = ( à past participle and so, not a verb. Perhaps
verb in the passive should be, has been. The éπü∆. 鬮Ωùç îËûªØÓ/ áçü¿’-îË-ûªØÓ) there is a printer's mistake here, or you have
sentence in the key perhaps has a printer's A. 1. Was to meet - wrong - no doubt about it. copied it wrongly, please check up. It must
Laxman Goud, Joharapuram.
mistake. 2. Immediate past action †’ simple present be, He saw/ He said he had seen me on ....
Q. Eûªu @N-ûªç™ ¢√úø-í∫-LÍí idioms Ö†o ´’ç*
M. Nageswara Rao, Peda Avutapalli.
™ îÁ°æpúøç ¢√úø’-éπ™ ÖçC.eg: I come to seek dictionary Ê°®Ω’ Ææ÷*ç-îªçúÕ. the railway station.
your help. ´<a- ®√-´-úøç-ûÓØË É™« îÁ•’û√ç. F
Q. áØÓo ™‰ü∆ á†o´ ÅØË-ü∆-EéÀ ÆæJ-§ÚßË’ °æü¿ç Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç §ÒçüËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ´î√a†’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ. A. Oxford Advanced Learners' Dictionary of S. Shakir Ahmed, Kurnool.
ÉçTx-≠ˇ™ ™‰ü¿-Ø√o®Ω’. Of which ÅØË expression Current English (Seventh Edition 2005)
come èπ◊ Ééπ\úø ´î√a†’ ÅØË Å®Ωnç– Å®·ûË ÉC
™E
Q. Transitive, Intransitive verbs
sayings and proverbs
í∫’Jç* ûÁL-ߪ’
immediate past (éπ~ù«© ´·çü¿’ ïJ-T†)èπ◊
èπ◊ Å®Ωnç áØÓo ™‰ü∆ á†o¢√ ÅØË éπü∆, ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’. *´J Ê°@™x ÖçúË
verb
-ñ‰-ߪ’çúÕ. ¢√éπuç™ transi-
Ö†o-°æ¤púø’ ü∆Eo
A. á†o´ ÅØËç-ü¿’èπ◊ ÆæÈ®j† English expression ™‰ü¿E ´÷vûª¢Ë’ (I have come èπ◊ equivalent). ØË®Ω’a-èπ◊çõ‰ î√©’. ÅN O’®Ω’ éÓ®Ω’èπ◊ØË Nüµ¿çí¬ Eûªu
tive intransitive
í¬ ¢√ú≈®Ó í¬ ¢√ú≈®Ó ûÁ©’-Ææ’-
î√™«-≤ƒ®Ω’x Ææ÷*çî√ç.Of which Åçõ‰ 'á†o´— ÅØË @N-ûªç™ Ææ綵«-≠æ-ùèπ◊ Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-í∫-°æ-úø-û√®·.
collect, check, pause
K.R.Aachari, éÓ-´úøç ᙫ? ™«çöÀ
Å®Ωnçé¬F ü∆EéÀ ü¿í∫_®Ω Å®Ωnçé¬F ®√ü¿’. Pavani, Sudha, Matsyapuri. verbs transitive Intransitive
Of which = ü∆E/ ü∆EéÀ Ææç•ç-Cµç-*†. Vaikuntapuram. †’ í¬, í¬ á™«
Q. She has been ill for the last ¢√ú≈™ ûÁ©’-°æ-í∫-©®Ω’?
1. This is the book of which I was talking = Q. I am going to go
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 504
Ñ ¢√éπuç™ three months. for A. Transitive verb Åçõ‰ object Ö†o verb -
to go, come verbs
؈’ à °æ¤Ææhéπç í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√oØÓ ÅC ûª®√yûª Ñ ¢√éπuç™
ÉC. á´JE? üËEE? Å-ØË v°æ¨¡o

I come to seek your help

2. Of which book are
¢ËÆæ’-èπ◊çõ‰ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ´îËa
verb. Eg: give = É´yúøç,
these the pages?
Ñ pages à °æ¤Ææh-é¬- üËEo É´yúøç Åçõ‰ Ææ´÷-
üµ∆†ç üˆo-®·Ø√ É´yúøç ÅE
EN (üËEN)? ´Ææ’hçC. 鬕öÀd give transi-
Y. Kumar, Hyderabad. since tive. Å™«Íí see îª÷úøôç, üËEo îª÷úøôç – °∂晫Ø√
I am
¢√úø-´î√a? ü∆EéÀ •ü¿’-©’í¬ ™‰ü∆ àC ¢√ú≈™ ûÁ©’-°æçúÕ.
ready to go/ come or I am about to A. She has been ill for the last three ¢√JE ÅE Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ÖçC. 鬕öÀd ÉN transitive
Q. He has bought the car this morning. He has
go/ come months . verbs. á´-JéÀ, üËEéÀ ņo v°æ¨¡o-©èπ◊ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ´îËa
gone to Agra this year. this time specify
ÅE ¢√ú≈©E †©¶µ„j à∞¡x éÀçü¿ô ´‚úø’ ØÁ©-©’í¬ – ÉC Éçûª-
îËÊÆhpresent perfect ¢√-úÌî√a? ´÷ ´÷≤ƒd®Ω’ îÁ§ƒp®Ω’. -N-´-Jç-îªí∫-©®Ω’. é¬-© çí¬ ÅE îÁÊ°p-ô-°æ¤púø’. verbs èπÿú≈ transitive.
A. The past simple tense is used for a past A. I am going = ؈’ ¢Á∞¡Ÿ-ûª’-Ø√o†’. since Åçõ‰ °∂æ-™«-Ø√ ®ÓV/ í∫çô/ Object ™‰E verbs intransitive verbs. OöÀéÀ á´-
action the time of which is clearly stated. That I am going to go = ¢Á∞¡x-¶-ûª’-Ø√o†’.
Ææ´ ’ߪ ’ç †’ç* ÅE. JE, üËEE ÅE v°æ¨¡o©’ ¢ËÆæ’-èπ◊çõ‰ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ®√ü¿’.
is, if the action took place at a specified time Q. v°æ¶µº’ûªyç ñ«K-îËÊÆ Öûªh-®Ω’y™x Eg: go = ¢Á∞¡xúøç; á´-JE/ üË-EE/ á´-JéÀ/ üËEéÀ
in the past, the tense to be used in past
O’Í® ÅØ√o®Ω’ éπü∆ †©¶µ„j à∞¡x éÀçü¿ô O’ M.SURESAN G.O.M.S. No. ÅE R.C. No. ÅE
simple, in spite of the use of, 'this'.
ÉçTx≠ˇ ´÷≤ƒd®Ω’ îÁ°œp† N≠æ-ߪ’-´’E, ÅC ¢Á∞¡xúøç? Ñ v°æ¨¡o-©èπ◊ Ææ´÷-üµ∆-Ø√--©’ -™‰-´¤. 鬕öÀd
Å°æpöÀ ´÷ô. É°æ¤púø’, present day English ™ ®√≤ƒh®Ω’. M.S., R.C. Åçõ‰ àN’ö go, intransitive. Å®·ûË äÍé verb èπ◊ È®çúø’,
He bought a car this morning èπÿ He has
gone to Agra this year èπÿ ûËú≈ ÖçC, È®çúø’
going to go ( ¢Á∞¡x-¶-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’) going to come
N´- Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. ´‚úø’ Å®√n©’ Ö†o-°æ¤púø’ äéπ Å®ΩnçûÓ transitive,
(®√¶-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’) ÅØËN Ææ®Ωy-≤ƒ-üµ∆-®Ωùç Å®·-§Ú- A. G.O. = Government Order ÉçéÓ Å®ΩnçûÓ intransitive Å¢Ìya.
sentences èπÿ common í¬ this M.S. = Manuscript (
öÀéÃ. This morning ÅE á°æ¤p-úøçö«ç? Morning
Ö†o-°æp- ߪ÷®· – both in British and American ®√ûª -v°æA) Eg: collect = 1) ÊÆéπ-Jç-îªúøç – Ñ Å®ΩnçûÓ ÉC
English™. Åçü¿’-éπE É°æ¤p-úøN ûª°æ¤p é¬ü¿’. R.C.No. = Reference number. transitive, áçü¿’-éπçõ‰, üËEo ÊÆéπ-Jç-îªúøç Åçõ‰
Q. There is no chair to sit on, no pen to write
Å®·-§Ú-®·-† -ûª-®√yûË éπü∆? (´’üµ∆u-£æ«o-¢Á÷/- ®√-vûÓ/-
≤ƒ-ߪ’ç-vûª¢Á÷ Åçö«ç) Åçõ‰ ´’†ç Å®·-§Ú-®·-† E.V. Sindhura, Deepak, Tadipatri. Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç/ stamps / books/ addresses ™«çöÀ
Æ洒ߪ’ç™ ïJ-T† action †’, Ç Æ洒ߪ’ç ûª®√yûª Q. O’®ÌéπîÓô They are watching the T.V. ÅE, with and no table to work at. Ñ ¢√éπuç ÆæÈ®j-†-
Sit on a chair ÅØ√™«?Sit in a chair
Ææ´÷-üµ∆-Ø√©’ ´≤ƒh®·. Ñ Å®√n-©ûÓ ÉC transitive.
Collect - 2) í∫’N’-í∫÷-úøôç, äéπîÓô îË®Ωúøç, ÅØË
´÷ö«x-úø’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√oç. 鬕öÀd Ééπ\úø past simple I think my mother is watching the T.V. ÅE ÅØ√™«? üËØ √?
´÷vûª¢Ë’ ®√¢√L (bought) é¬F this year ņ- ®√¨»®Ω’. T.V. ´·çü¿’ the ÅØË article Öçúø-èπÿ-úøü¿’ A. ÆæÈ®j-†üË. îËûÁû©ª’-©’-°’†oæ-í∫-©®Ωèπ’◊Ka. (Arm chair)/ Easy chair Å®Ωnç™ intransitive - üËEo í∫’N’-èπÿ-úøôç/ îË®Ωúøç
úøç™ Å®Ωn-¢Ë’-N’öÀ? Ñ year Å®·-§Ú-™‰-ü¿ØË éπü∆ éπü∆? The T.V. Åçõ‰ T.V. set †’ refer îËÆœ-†-ô’d- ™«çöÀ-´-®·ûË, sit in; îËûª’-™‰xE èπ◊Ka Å®·ûË sit on ņov°æ¨¡o-©èπ◊ Ææ´÷-üµ∆†ç ®√ü¿’.
(Å®·-§ÚûË last year Åçö«ç. Å°æ¤púø’ past sim- Å-´¤ûª’çC. ü¿ßª’-îËÆœ N´-Jç-îª-í∫-©®Ω’. Water collected in front of the room = í∫C
ple ¢√ú≈L éπü∆?)-
ÅØ√L.
A. T.V. set †’ T.V. programmes †÷ Ñ È®çúÕç-öÀ™  ´·çü¿’ F∞¡Ÿx îË®√®·/ ELî√®·.
This year ™ -á°æ¤p-úø’ -Å-ØË-C éπ-*a-ûªçí¬ -ûÁ-©°æ- üËEo îÁ°æp-ú≈-E-éπ-®·Ø√ T.V. ÅE-í¬F, the T.V. ÅE-í¬F Rajan k, Yadavole. A large crowd collected there - °ü¿l Ææç-êu-™ 
†°æ¤p-úø’, -Ñ Ææç-´-ûªq®Ωç-™ -Ç-ߪ’-† -Ç-ví¬èπ◊ -¢Á-Rx - ņ-´îª’a. Å®·ûË á´-®Ω-®·Ø√/ àüÁjØ√ T.V. ™ Q. Once you wrote two sentences the following ï†ç í∫’N’-èπÿ-ú≈®Ω’ (intransitive).
Ö-Ø√o-úø’ -Å-ØË -Å®Ωnç-ûÓ He has gone to Agra this éπE-°œç-îªúøç. àüÁjØ√ T.V. programme T.V. ™ ÖçC way in spoken English- Check = ≤Úü∆ îËߪ’úøç / ûªE& îËߪ’úøç/ °æK-éÀ~ç-
year, éπ®ΩÍéd(Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ He has been to Agra, ÅE îÁÊ°pç-ü¿’èπ◊, on T.V./ on the T.V. Åçö«ç. Sunil told me he had seen you going some îªúøç – üËEo/á´-JE Åç-õ‰ Ææ-´÷-üµ∆†ç ´Ææ’hçC
better). ÅüË jan/ feb/ sep this year ÅE time
where. 鬕öÀd transitive Å´¤-ûª’çC.
specify îËÊÆh Åûªúø’ Ñ Ææç´-ûªq®Ωç, january ™ G. Maheswari, Secunderabad.
He seen me on my way to the station to Check Åçõ‰ vüµ¿’O-éπ-Jç-îªúøç,- ÉçéÌéπ-J-ûÓ.
Agra ¢Á∞«xúø’ ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ.He has gone to Agra Q. If he had money, he could have paid to
in January this year ņúøç Ææ•-¶‰Ø√?(January receive my uncle. He checked with his brother- ûª† brother ûÓ
Ramu.
Å®·§Ú-®·-† -ûª-®√yûª) Observe the difference The above underline parts seem to be ÆæJ-îª÷-Ææ’-èπ◊-Ø√oúø’.
If he had money, he would have paid to
between a) and b) below. unusual. Generally we use present/ past par- Pause = Ç°æ-úøç– transitive-.
Ramu.
a) It has happened this month. ticiple forms as adjectives and nouns. If we He paused the tape recorder -
b) It happened in the first week of this month.
Ñ È®çúø’ ¢√é¬u-©èπ◊ ûËú≈ ûÁL-ߪ’-ñ‰-ߪ’-í∫-©®Ω’. use them as verbs in our sentences, they tape recorder
A. Ñ È®çúø’ sentences ÆæÈ®j-†N 鬴¤. Correct form
†’ Ç-§ƒ-úø’. -
Do you see the difference? sentence (a) should come after helping verbs ( be / have Pause = Çí∫úøç – Intransitive.
of the sentences:
talks of an action of this month at no specified forms). But you used them as verbs without
1. If he had had the money, he would have He paused in his speech - Ö°æ-Ø√uÆæç ÉÆæ’h-†o-
time- so the tense is present perfect. helping verbs. I think this is not proper way
Sentence (b) talks of an action at a speci- paid to Ramu. (ÅûªúÕ ü¿í∫_®Ω úø•’s ÖçúÕ Öçõ‰, °æ¤púø’ é¬ÊÆ°æ¤ Çí¬úø’ – intransitive.
using the participles. Please clear my doubt
fied time ( I week of this month - I week's ®√´·èπ◊ îÁLxç-îË-¢√úË.) Q. Idioms °j °æô’d ≤ƒCµç-î √-©çõ‰ ᙫçöÀ °æ¤Ææhéπç îªü¿-
and give lessons on the topic of infinitives
past), so the tense is past simple. 2. If he had had the money, he could have ¢√L? Idioms dictionary éÌçõ‰ Åçü¿’™ -¢Ë-©-
(continuous, perfect infinitives).
a) They have done it three times this century. paid Ramu. (ÅûªúÕ ü¿í∫_®Ω úø•’s ÖçúÕ Öçõ‰ idioms Öçö«®·. Eûªuç Ö°æ-ßÁ÷-TçîË Idioms
b) They did it three times in the first half of A. ....... had seen you going somewhere. Your éÓÆæç à °æ¤Ææhéπç ´’ç*C?
®√´·èπ◊ îÁLxç-îª-í∫-L-Íí-¢√úË.)
this century. point here is that 'going' being a present par-
A. Mcmordie's book of Idioms -îª-ü¿-´çúÕ. Éçü¿’™
鬕öÀd this ÅE Ö†oçûª ´÷vû√† present per- S. Rechana Arshia, Joharapuram. ticiple, should be used as a noun/ adjective
daily life ™ ¢√úË idioms í∫’Jç* î√-™« N´-®Ωçí¬
fect ¢√úøôç ÆæJ-é¬ü¿’. Time specify îËÊÆh past Q. éÀçC ¢√é¬u™x bold îËÆœ† °æü∆-©èπ◊ Å®√n©’ àN’öÀ? or, if it is used as a verb, it should have a
ÖçC.
simple ¢√úøû√ç. 1) Be but advised and I'll send you there. helping verb before it. You are right, of

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm