TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS

Dosen :

DIBUAT OLEH :
RUDI ASRURI
NIM : 8020100027
 PRIMARY TENSES
1.PRESENT TENSE
A. Simple Present Tense
S + Verb 1 (s/es)…………………………………… Everyday/today

Example :
The sun rises in the east.

B. Present Continous Tense

S + am/is/are + Verb 4…………………………………………….Now

Example :
We are going to Jakarta tomorrow.

C. Present Perfect Tense

S+Have/Has+Verb 3………………………………………..etc

Example :
I have known reynold for ten years.

D. Present Perfect Continous Tense

S + have/has + been + verb 4…………etc

Example :
The students have been singing since this morning.

2.PAST TENSE

A. Simple Past Tense

S + Verb 2…………………………………………………… Yesterday

Example :
John saw a crocodile in the river yesterday.
 B. Past Continous Tense
S + was/were + verb 4………………….When + s + Verb 2…….……

Example :
She was cooking rice when Tom came yesterday.

C. Past Perfect Tense

S + had + verb 3…………when/before S + V2

Example :
Tom had already gone home.

D. Past Perfect Continous Tense

S + had been + verb 4…………

Example :
They had been doing the homework.

3.FUTURE TENSE

A. Simple Future Tense

S+shall/will+verb 1………………………..

Example :
I shall be visit Hawaii next holiday.

B. Future Continous Tense

S+Shall/will+be+verb 1+ing…………………….

Example :
They will be meeting at Tokyo tomorrow morning.

C. Future Perfect Tense

S + will have + verb 3 + ……….by
Example :
We will have arrived in Jakarta tomorrow afternoon.

D. Future Perfect Continous Tense

S + will have been + verb 4………since

Example :
They will have been studying since this morning.

4. PAST FUTURE

A. Past Future Tense

S + would + V1…IF + S + verb 2………….etc

Example :
I would come if you invited me.

B. Past Future Continous Tense

S+Should/would be+verb 4…………………..

Example :
We shouldbe watching in the cinema on Tuesday last week.

C. Past Future Perfect Tense

S + would have + verb 3…..

Example :
He would have become a presiden.

D. Past Future Perfect Continous Tense

S + would have + been + verb 4…..

Example :
The meeting would have been starting since this morning.
 Conditional Sentences

BENTUK UMUM :

MAIN CLAUSE + IF CLAUSE

DI MANA :

Main clause selalu mempunyai modal auxiliary

If clause selalu berupa : simple present, simple past, atau past perfect

1. conditional sentences type 1 : true in the present or future

S + MODAL V1 + V1 . . IF + S + V1 ATAU TO BE V1

FACT :
Mengubah kata if dengan on condition that, provided, atau unless

contoh  :
conditional : I may study in university if i graduate from senior high school
fact : i may study in university  on condition that i graduate from senior high school

2. conditional sentences type 2 : untrue in the present

S + MODAL V2 + V2 . . IF + S + V2 ATAU TO BE V2

FACT :
1. Ubah kata if menjadi because
2. Ubah tense menjadi simple present dan hilangkan modal
3. Ubah kalimat negatif menjadi positif dan sebaliknya

contoh :
conditional : I might study in university if i graduated from senior high school
fact : I don't study in university because i don't graduate from senior high school

3. conditional sentences type 3 : untrue in the past

S + MODAL V2 + HAVE + V3 . . IF + S + HAD + V3 ATAU HAD BEEN

FACT :
1. Ubah kata if menjadi because
2. Ubah tense menjadi simple present dan hilangkan modal
3. Ubah kalimat negatif menjadi positif dan sebaliknya

contoh :
conditional : I might have studied in university if i had graduated from senior high school
fact : I didn't study in university because i didn't graduate from senior high school

4. AS IF – AS THOUGH

S +VERB(PRESENT) +AS IF /AS THOUGH +S +VERB (PAST)

Contoh :

He orders me as though I worked for him.

5. HOPE - WISH

S + HOPE +THAT +S+ ALL TENSES (PRESENT,PAST,FUTURE)

Contoh :

I hope that she will give me a call tonight.

S + WISH +THAT+ S+ SIMPLE PAST OR PAST PERFECT

Contoh :

I wish that he had had more time last night.

CAUSATIVE
Causative have
mengandung makna  : meminta , menyuruh , menghendaki

BENTUK UMUM :
1. SUBJECT + HAVE + OBJECT 1 + VERB 1 + OBJECT 2
contoh :
-He had me call the ambulance

2. SUBJECT + HAVE + OBJECT 1 + VERB 3

contoh :
-He had the ambulance called

Causative make
mengandung makna : membuta, menyebabkan , menimbulkan

BENTUK UMUM :
SUBJECT + MAKE + OBJECT + VERB 1
contoh :
Crawford can really make her boyfriend knee down

Causative let
mengandung makna : mengijinkan, memperbolehkan

BENTUK UMUM :
SUBJECT + LET + OBJECT + VERB 1
contoh :
Her parents let Somali take the bus to school

Causative get
mengandung makna : menyuruh, meminta

BENTUK UMUM :
1. SUBJECT + GET + OBJECT 1 + VERB 1 + OBJECT 2
contoh :
Mother gets me to close the door

2. SUBJECT + GET + OBJECT 1 + VERB 3

contoh :
Mother gets the door closed
CATATAN :
Bentuk causative : have, make, let, dan get dapat berubah sesuai dengan tenses yang digunakan.

Preference
Preference adalah ungkapan perasaan yang menyatakan lebih suka daripada yang lainnya

1. Prefer

Rumus:

 Subject + Prefer + to infinitive

 Subject + Prefer + Nouns + to + Nouns
 Subject + Prefer + Gerund + to + Gerund

Contoh:

 They prefer to go now

 My mother prefers lemon to orange
 She prefers watching TV to listening to the radio

2. Would Rather

Rumus:

 Subject + would rather + Kata kerja bentuk I (tanpa to- Infinitives)

 Subject + would rather + Infinitives + than + Infinitives
 Subject + would rather + Infinitives + Noun + than + Inf + Noun
 Subject + would rather + someone + Bentuk II

Contoh:

 I would rather study now

 She would rather stay home than go shopping
 We’d rather play card than play ball
 I’d rather you went now
3. Would Prefer to

Rumus:

 Subject + Would Prefer to + infinitive +rather than + inf

 Subject + would Prefer to + infinitives + Nouns + rather than + infinitives + Nouns

Contoh:

 They would prefer to sing rather than dance

 You’d prefer to play ball rather than take a sleep

4. Like

Rumus:

 Subject + Like + Nouns/Gerunds

 Subject + like +gerunds + better than + gerund
 Subject + like + noun + better than + noun

Contoh:

 I like singing a song

 She likes singing a song better than playing a guitar
 They like coffee better than tea

5. Had Better

Rumus:

 Subject + had better + infinitive

 Subject + had better + not + infinitive

Contoh:

 You had better study hard

 You had better not work on Sundays

6. It’s time

Rumus:

 It’s time + to infinitives

  It’s time + Subject + Bentuk past

Contoh:

 It’s time to get up

 It’s time you went away

7. Instead of

Instead of kita gunakan sebagai pengganti dari: to, than, better than, rather than

Rumus:

 Instead of + Gerund/Nouns

Contoh:

 I prefer staying home instead of going out

 They would rather eat their lunch instead of work
 I woud prefer to invite them instead of him
 He likes me instead of him

SUBJECT
SINGULAR : I , YOU , HE , SHE , IT , ANY , EVERY ,SOMEONE , SOMEBODY , SOMETHING ,EACH ,
EITHER , NEITHER, PERSON (REZA, RIDO , RYAN , ETC )

PLURAL : WE , THEY , A PLURAL NOUN BY S OR ES , BOTH ,TWO OR MORE OBJECT BY “AND”

PREDICATE
SINGULAR : BECOME , CATCH , DRINK , DRIVE , FORGIVE , FLY , GO , KNOW , RIDE , WRITE
PLURAL : BECOMES , CATCHES , DRINKS , DRIVES ,FORGIVES , FLIES , GOES , KNOWS , RIDES , WRITES

OBJECT
SINGULAR : ME , YOU , IT , HIM , HER , ANY , EITHER, MAN , WOMAN , CHILD , PERSON.

PLURAL : US , THEM , A PLURAL NOUN WITH “S” OR “ES”, MEN , WOMEN , CHILDREN , PEOPLE.

ADVERBS

To form regular adverbs, add -ly to the adjective. Words ending in -y change to -ily and words ending in
-le change to -ly.

SINGULAR : QUICK , BAD , CAREFUL , EASY , SIMPLE.

PLURAL : QUICKLY , BADLY ,CAREFULLY , EASILY , SIMPLY,