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Sưu tầm và Biên soạn bởi cô NGUYỄN QUỲNH TRANG
I. LÝ THUYẾT
Các dạng chính:
1. Biến đổi thời thì của câu
Chủ yếu: chuyển từ thì QKĐ khác sang thì HTHT
1.1. S + began / started + to V/ V-ing + time ago (nhận dạng cấu trúc: began/ started to V/ Ving: bắt đầu
làm gì)
=> S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since …
Ví dụ: I started learning English 5 years ago.
 I have learned English for 5 years.
1.2. S + last + V (past) + time + ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì
=> S + have/ has + not + PII+ for + time
=> It’s + time + since + S + last + V (past).
=> The last time + S + V (past) + was + time + ago.
Ví dụ: I last met John 10 months ago.
 I haven’t met John for 10 months.
 It’s 10 months since I last met John.
 The last time I met John was 10 months ago.
1.3. This is the first time + S + have/has + PII: Lần đầu làm gì
=> S +have/ has + never + PII + before
=> S+ have/ has not + PII + before
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have played this sport.
 I have never played this sport before.
 I have not played this sport before.
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1.4. This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ N) S +have/has+PII
=> S + have/ has + never + PII + such a/an + ADJ+ N
=> S + have/ has never + PII + a more + ADJ + N than this
Ví dụ: That is the most interesting story she have read.

 She has never read such an interesting story.
 She has never read a more interesting story than that.
2. Sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ
2.1. Hardly + had + S + PII + when + S + V (past) = No sooner + had + S + PII + than + S + V (past)
Ví dụ: It rained heavily right after he went out.
 Hardy had he gone out when it rained heavily.
 No sooner had he gone out than it rained heavily.
2.2. No longer + đảo ngữ = no more + V
Ví dụ: No longer does he smoke.
 He no more smokes.
2.3. At no time + đảo ngữ = never V
Ví dụ: Jame never visits his grandfather.
 At no time does Jame visit his grandfather.
2.4. Not only + đảo ngữ + but + S + also + V…
Ví dụ: She not only does all the housework but also runs a successful company.
 Not only does she do all the housework but she also runs a successful company.
3. Sử dụng thể gián tiếp

3.1. Câu gián tiếp với dạng câu hỏi
Ví dụ: “What time do you get up?”, she said to me.
 She asked me what time I got up.

3.2. Câu trần thuật

Ví dụ: “I will go to Japan next months.”, he said.
 He said that he would go to Japan the next month.
4. Sử dụng giả định thức

4.1. "Wish" sentence:
a) Wish + to do/ wish somebody something/ wish somebody to do something
Ví dụ:
- I wish to pass the entrance exam
- I wish you happy birthday
- I wish you to become a good teacher
b) Wish (that) + S + simple past: thể hiện sự nuối tiếc trong hiện tại, điều không có thật ở hiện tại
Ví dụ:
- I wish I had a car (The fact that I don't have a car)
c) Wish (that) + S + past perfect: thể hiện sự nuối tiếc trong quá khứ
Ví dụ:
- I wish I hadn't spent so much money (The fact that I spent so much money)
d) S1 + wish (that) + S2 + would do something: phàn nàn hoặc muốn thay đổi tình huống hiện tại
Ví dụ:
- I wish they would stop making noise.

4.2. "If only" sentence:
a) if only + simple tense/future tense: diễn tả hi vọng trong tương lai
Ví dụ:
- If only he comes in time = we hope he will come in time
- If only he will listen to her = we hope he will be willing to listen to her.
b) If only + simple past: thể hiện sự nuối tiếc trong hiện tại, điều không có thật ở hiện tại
c) If only + past perfect: thể hiện sự nuối tiếc trong quá khứ
d) If only + S + would do something: phàn nàn hoặc muốn thay đổi tình huống hiện tại
4.3. "As if/ as though" sentence:
a) As if/as though + simple past: diễn đạt hành động không có thật ở hiện tại
Eg: It's very cold today. It looks as if/as though it were autumn now (The fact that it's summer now)

b) As if/as though + past perfect: diễn đạt hành động không có thật ở quá khứ
Eg: The whole were seriously damaged. It looks as if/as though it had been destroyed by bombs (The fact
that it was destroyed by earthquake)
c) As if/as though + present tense: diễn đạt hành động có thật

Eg : He appears running from a fierce dog -> It looks as if he is running from a fierce dog.
4.4. S1 + would rather + S2 did something = Đề nghị ai đó một cách lịch sự ở hiện tại.
Eg: A: Would you mind if I smoke?
B: I would rather you didn't smoke.
4.6. Các tính từ, động từ, danh từ đòi hỏi theo sau nó phải ở dạng giả định, trong câu bắt buộc phải có
THAT và động từ sau chủ ngữ 2 ở dạng nguyên thể không TO
a) Các tính từ giả định:

- advised, necessary, recommended, important, obligatory, required, imperative, mandatory, essential, vital,
urgent, proposed, suggested.
Ví dụ:
- It is necessary that he FIND the books

- It has been propose that we CHANGE the topic
- It is essential that every child HAVE the same educational opportunities.
b) Các động từ giả định:

- ask, command, decree, demand, insist, propose, request, require, recommend, stipulate, suggest, urge.
Ví dụ:
- The doctor suggested that she give up smoking.

- The student advisor recommended that she study more English before enrolling at the university.
5. Sử dụng dạng bị động

5.1. Dạng bị động thông thường
Ví dụ: He bought this car last year.
 This car was bought last year.

5.2. Dạng bị động với các động từ tường thuật
Ví dụ: People said that Martin was the richest person in the village.
 Martin was said to be the richest person in the village.
6. Sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ

6.1. Nối các câu sử dụng đại từ quan hệ
Ví dụ: The boy broke the window. He is one of my friends.
 The boy who broke the window is one of my friends.

6.2. Dạng rút gọn bằng HTPT và QKPT

Ví dụ: The man who teached me Spanish is Mai’s father.
 The man teaching me Spanish is Mai’s father.
7. Một số cấu trúc thông dụng khác

7.1. S + be/V + too + adj/adv + (for someone) + to do something: Quá....để cho ai làm gì...
Ví dụ: The table was too heavy for him to carry.
7.2. S + be/V + so + adj/ adv + that + S + V + O: Quá... đến nỗi mà...
Ví dụ: The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go to the movie.

7.3. It + be/V + such + (a/an) + (adj) + N(s) + that + S + V + O: Quá... đến nỗi mà...
Ví dụ: He is such a generous person that he gave most of his money for charity.
7.4. S + be/V + adj/ adv + enough + (for someone) + to do something : Đủ... cho ai đó làm gì...
Chúng ta thường lấy ADJ đối nghĩa của ADJ cho sẵn trong câu “too” để dùng tạo câu mới.
Ví dụ: The table was not light enough for him to carry.
7.5. It’s adj (for Sb) to do sth: Ai đó làm gì như thế nào?
=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)
=> S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth
Ví dụ: It’s important for him to attend the Englis classes.
 Attending the English classes is important to him.
 He finds the English classses important to attend.
7.6. S + should/ ought to/ had better + V
Or If I were you,…
=> It’s time for sb to do sth
=> It’s (high/ about) time S + did sth. (thể hiện sự phàn nàn, chê trách “sao tới bây giờ mà vẫn chưa làm?”)
Ví dụ: We should do something about the environment pollution.
 It’s time for us to do something about the environment pollution.
 It’s high time we did something about the environment pollution.
7.7. In my opinion = As far as I am concerned = I think
Ví dụ: I think the situation is now much more complicated.
 As far as I am concerned, the situation is now much more complicated.

II. BÀI TẬP
Exercise 1:
1. It was not only cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
A. Was it not only cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
B. It was not only cold but did it also snow a few days ago.
C. Not only it was cold but did it also snow a few days ago.
D. Not only was it cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
2. John is devoted to his work.
A. John spends all his time working.
B. John is interested in his work.
C. John dedicates himself for working.
D. Working makes John find himself helpful.

3. I would rather you wore something more formal to work.
A. I’d prefer you wearing something more formal to work.
B. I’d prefer you should wear something more formal to work.
C. I’d prefer you to wear something more formal to work.
D. I’d prefer you wear something more formal to work.
4. He is three weeks behind with the rent.

A. He owes three weeks’ rent.
B. He hires this for three weeks.
C. He will pay for the rent after three weeks.
D. He will pay for the rent in three weeks.
5. He is three weeks behind with the rent.
A. He owes three weeks’ rent.
B. He hires this for three weeks.
C. He will pay for the rent after three weeks.
D. He will pay for the rent in three weeks.
6. We bought two bicycles. Neither of them worked well.
A. We bought two bicycles, of which neither worked well.

B. We bought two bicycles which neither of worked well.
C. We bought two bicycles neither of which worked well.
D. We bought two bicycles, neither of which worked well.
7. Nobody at all came to the meeting.
A. Not many people came to the meeting.
B. Not a single person came to the meeting.
C. Only a few people came to the meeting.
D. There was almost nobody at the meeting.
8. Wealthy as they were, they were far from happy.
A. Even if they were wealthy, they were not unhappy.
B. They were not happy as they were wealthy.
C. They were as wealthy as they were happy.
D. Although they were wealthy, they were not happy.
9. Rather than disturb the meeting, I left without saying goodbye.
A. I disturbed the meeting because I said goodbye.
B. The meeting was disturbed as I left saying goodbye.
C. I would rather disturb the meeting than leave without saying goodbye.
D. I left without saying goodbye as I didn't want to disturb the meeting.
10. “How long have you worked here?’’ he asked.
A. He asked me how long I had worked there.
B. He asked me for how long I had worked there.
C. He asked me if I had worked there long.
D. He asked me how long had I worked there.
11. Jenny is so creative that we all can rely on her for original ideas.
A. Creative as Jenny is, we can rely on her for original ideas.
B. Being creative, we can all rely on Jenny for original ideas.
C. So creative is Jenny that we all can rely on her for original ideas.

D. Jenny is such creative girl that we all can rely on her for original ideas.
12. In the class of twenty, Jack is the third best student.
A. Jack is not as smart as most of the other students.
B. The class has only three smart students.
C. Two students in the class are smarter than Jack.
D. No other students in the class is as smart as Jack.
13. “Why don’t you get your hair cut, Gavin?” said Adam.
A. Adam suggested that Gavin should have his haircut.
B. It was suggestible that Adam get Gavin’s haircut.
C. Adam advised Gavin to cut his hair.
D. Gavin was suggested to have a haircut.
14. As far as I am concerned, you can do whatever you like.
A. What you like is not as much as what I am concerned about.
B. You can do what you like providing that it is not too far.
C. I am concerned about what you like.
D. In my opinion, you can do what you like
15. Bill has no business going to Paris next December.
A. Bill went to Paris in December.
B. Bill shouldn’t go to Paris next December.
C. Bill will open a business in Paris next December
D. Bill runs a business in Paris next December.
16. The referee brought the football game to a halt. He blew his whistle.
A. The referee stopped playing football and blowing his whistle.
B. The referee stopped the football game before he blew his whistle.
C. Having stopped the football match, the referee blew his whistle.
D. The referee brought the football game to a halt by blowing his whistle.

17. The meeting was put off because of pressure of time.
A. There was not enough time to hold the meeting.
B. People wanted to get away, so the meeting began early.
C. The meeting is planned to start in a short time.
D. The meeting lasted much longer than usual.
18. When they arrived the good seats were already taken.
A. They didn’t get good seats because they arrived too late.
B. They arrived late enough to get good seats.
C. They had to stand for the whole show.
D. We couldn’t get good seats although we arrived early.
19. He is a successful man in his career. He possesses a large number of shares of the company.
A. He becomes successful in his career by possessing a large number of shares of the company.
B. Given the large number of shares of the company he possesses, he is successful in his career.
C. Successful as he is in his career, shares of the company he possesses are modest.
D. Given a large number of shares by the company he possesses, he is successful in his career.
20. I am studying not only mathematics but also chemistry.
A. Mathematics and chemistry are my favourite subjects.
B. I like both mathematics and chemistry.
C. I am studying both mathematics and chemistry.
D. I am not studying mathematics but I am studying chemistry.
21. There are many factors contributing to air pollution.

A. Air pollution results in many consequences.
B. Air pollution is contributing to these phenomena.
C. Air pollution is the result of burning forests.
D. Factors contributing to air pollution are numerous.
22. I think I should have cooked more food. There’s nothing left now.
A. I should not have cooked so much food.
B. I regrets cooking too much food now.
C. I did not cook much food and I think it is ok now.

D. I did not cook much food and I think it was a mistake.

23. You need not have washed the sheets. The hotel staff does the cleaning.
A. It is good that you washed the sheets.
B. It was not necessary to wash the sheets, even though you did.
C. It was necessary to wash the sheets, but you did not do it.
D. It was necessary to wash the sheets, and you did not do it.
24. John Smith is a farmer. I bought his land.
A. John Smith, who is a farmer, whose land I bought.
B. John Smith, whose land I bought, is a farmer.
C. John Smith, who is a farmer, bought his land.
D. John Smith, whom I bought his land, is a farmer.
25. What has happened? You look as if you have been in the wars.
A. You look like an old soldier.
B. You are wearing many medals.
C. You look as though something unpleasant has happened to you.
D. You look as though you have been fighting
26. The agreement ended six-month negotiation. It was signed yesterday.
A. The agreement which ends six-month negotiation was signed yesterday.
B. The agreement which was signed yesterday lasted six months.
C. The negotiation which lasted six months was signed yesterday.
D. The agreement which was signed yesterday ended six-month negotiation.
27. Marry loved her stuffed animal when she was young. She couldn’t sleep without it.
A. When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal so much that she couldn’t sleep without it.
B. When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal so as not to sleep with it.
C. When Marry was young, she loved her stuffed animal though she
D. As Marry couldn’t sleep without her stuffed animal when she was young.
28. You should have persuaded him to change his mind.

A. You should persuade him to change his mind.
B. You didn’t persuade him to change because of his mind.
C. It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn’t.
D. You persuaded him to change his mind but he didn’t listen
29. We planned to walk round the lake but the heavy rain made this impossible.

A. The heavy rain nearly prevented us from walking right round the lake.
B. In spite of the heavy rain we managed to walk half way round the lake as planned.
C. If it hadn’t rained so heavily, we would have walked right round the lake.
D. We would have walked round the lake even if it had rained heavily.
30. I can’t remember when I last saw him, but it’s certainly a long time ago.
A. I’d like to forget how many years have passed since I last saw him.
B. We’ve only met once and that was too long ago for me to remember him.
C. I shall never forget meeting him even though it’s a long time ago.
D. I only know it is ages since I saw him and I can’t remember when it was.
31. The wedding took place last Friday. Only members of the family were invited.
A. Only members of the family were invited to the wedding which took place last Friday.
B. The wedding, where only members of the family were invited to, took place last Friday.
C. The wedding took place last Friday, when only members of the family were invited.
D. The wedding, which only members of the family were invited to, took place last Friday.
32. They said that Paula had quit five jobs before working for us.
A. They said that five jobs had been quit by Paula before working for us.
B. Paula worked for us then she quit five other jobs.
C. It was said that Paula had quit five jobs before working for us
D. Paula said that she had quit five jobs before working for us.
33. "You’re always making terrible mistakes", said the teacher.

A. The teacher complained about his student making terrible mistakes.
B. The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes
C. The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes.
D. The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes.
34. The student next to me kept chewing gum. That bothered me a lot.
A. The student next to me kept chewing gum, that bothered me a lot.
B. The student next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot.
C. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothering me a lot.
D. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot.
35. It was an interesting novel. I stayed up all night to finish it.
A. I stayed up all night to finish the novel so it was interesting.

B. So interesting was the novel that I stayed up all night to finish it.
C. Unless it were an interesting novel, I would not stay up all night to finish it.
D. Though it was an interesting novel, I stayed up all night to finish it.
36. He was suspected to have stolen credit cards. The police have investigated him for days.
A. He has been investigated for days, suspected to have stolen credit cards.
B. Suspecting to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
C. Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
D. Suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
37. Transportation has been made much easier thanks to the invention of cars, but cars are the
greatest contributor of air pollution.
A. It is cars that are the greatest contributor of air pollution although the invention of cars has made
transportation much easier.
B. The invention of cars has made transportation much easier, but cars are among the greatest contributors
of air pollution.
C. Although the invention of cars has made transportation much easier, people use cars to contribute to the
pollution of air.
D. However easier the invention of cars has made transportation, it is cars that are among the greatest
contributors of air pollution.
38. Someone ought to have accompanied Jenifer to her house from the party.
A. It would definitely be wrong to let Jenifer go home from the party on her own.
B. When Jenifer left, she said she didn’t want anyone to accompany her.
C. Jenifer shouldn’t have been allowed to leave the party and go home on her own.
D. Someone offered to accompany Jenifer home from the party, but she refused.
39. The purpose of any invention is to make our lives better, so good or bad, it depends on the way
by which we use these inventions.
A. We can use either good or bad inventions to make our lives better.
B. Whether an invention is good or bad depends on the way by which we use it because the purpose of any
invention is to make our lives better.
C. The purpose of any invention, whether good or bad, is to make our lives better. This depends on the way
by which we use these inventions.
D. Good or bad as they are, all inventions have the same purpose: to make our lives better.
40. It is acknowledged that Vietnam had a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of

the epidemic.
A. Vietnam is acknowledged to have completely controlled SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic.
B. Vietnam is acknowledged to have controlled SARS from a very early stage of the epidemic.
C. Vietnam was acknowledged to have had a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the
epidemic.
D. Vietnam is acknowledged to have a complete control over SARS from a very early stage of the
epidemic.
41. They think that the owner of the house has gone abroad.
A. The owner of the house is thought to go abroad.
B. The owner of the house is thought to have been going abroad.
C. The owner of the house is thought to have been gone abroad.
D. The owner of the house is thought to have gone abroad.
42. My suit needs to be cleaned before the interview but I’m busy to do that.
A. I must have my suit cleaned before the interview.
B. I must clean my suit before the interview.
C. I must have my suit to be cleaned before the interview.
D. I must have my suit cleans before the interview.
43. In my whole life, nothing has fascinated me as much as woodcarving has been doing recently.
A. Woodcarving is such a fascinating activity that, for the first time in my life, I am actually enjoying
doing something.
B. I am glad that I have taken up woodcarving, since nothing before has attracted my interest so much.
C. I have never been as interested in anything before as I am now in woodcarving.
D. I’m really interested in woodcarving, and in fact I have rarely been as happy doing anything as I am
doing it.
44. There is, in fact, less alcohol in beer than there is in wine, though the former’s taste is more
bitter.
A. Beer tastes much more bitter than wine because of its lower alcohol content.
B. Despite tasting less bitter, wine actually contains a higher amount of alcohol than beer does.
C. Although beer is not as good-tasting as wine, it is just as full of alcohol.
D. The more bitter taste of beer as compared with wine indicates that the former does not have as much
alcohol as the latter.
45. The likelihood of suffering a heart attack rises as one becomes increasingly obese.
A. Anyone who is obese is likely to experience a heart attack at any time.
B. Heart attacks are happening more and more often, and most of the sufferers are

obese.
C. Obesity results in only a slight increase in the probability of having a heart attack.
D. The more obese one is, the higher the chances for heart attack become.
46. This book is probably the most boring one that I have ever read.
A. I would never have guessed that the book would be so terribly dull.
B. Many other books that I have ever read have been as uninteresting as this one.
C. It’s very likely that every other book I have ever read in my life is more interesting than this one.
D. A number of books are supposedly as boring as this one, but I have not read any.
47. “I was not there at the time,” he said.
A. He denied to have been there at the time.
B. He denied that he had not been there at the time.
C. He denied to be there at the time.
D. He denied having been there at the time.
48. “Let’s go out for a walk now,” he suggested.
A. He suggested going out for a walk then.
B. He suggested to go out for a walk then.
C. He suggested them to go out for a walk then.
D. He suggested them going out for a walk then.
49. He felt very tired. However, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
A. Tired as he might feel, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
B. As the result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
C. Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
D. He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
50. Most people get fewer colds in the summer than in the winter.
A. The winter is much colder than the summer.
B. People get colder in the summer than in the winter.
C. More people have summer colds than winter colds.
D. A person is more likely to get a cold in the winter than in the summer.
51. I would rather you wore something more formal to work.
A. I’d prefer you wearing something more formal to work.
B. I’d prefer you to wear something more formal to work.
C. I’d prefer you should wear something more formal to work.
D. I’d prefer you wear something more formal to work.
52. Wealthy as they were, they were far from happy.
A. Even if they were wealthy, they were not unhappy.

B. They were not happy as they were wealthy.

C. They were as wealthy as they were happy.
D. Although they were wealthy, they were not happy.
53. I always find mathematic problems like that quite impossible.
A. I am always impossible to do mathematic problems like that.
B. I always find impossible to solve mathematic problems like that.
C. Mathematic problems like that always cause me trouble to solve.
D. Mathematic problems like that always defeat me.
54. The ideas in your presentation need to be organised better.
A. You need to set out the ideas in your presentation better.
B. You’d better to express the ideas in your presentation.
C. It’s advisable to organise better ideas in your presentation.
D. It’s necessary for you to present your presentation with better ideas.
55. As far as I know he is still working in Bristol.
A. To my mind he is still working in Bristol.
B. I know far as the fact that he is still working in Bristol.
C. I know that he hasn't left Bristol for work.
D. To my knowledge he is still working in Bristol.
56. I read two books, but I didn’t find them interesting.

A. None of the two books I read was interesting
B. Either of the books I read weren’t interesting.
C. Neither of the books I read was interesting.
D. The two books I read wasn’t interesting.
57. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me.
A. As soon as he borrowed some money from me, he spent it all.
B. Hardly had he borrowed some money from me when he spent it all.
C. Not only did he spent all his money but also he borrowed some from me.
D. Not only did he spend all his money but he borrowed some from me as well.
58. These new machines have put an end to queuing.
A. These new machines have a special function in putting an end to queuing.
B. Putting an end to queuing depends on these machines.
C. People have to queue before these machines.
D. Before these new machines were invented, people had to queue.
59. It was his lack of confidence that surprised me.
A. He surprised me by his lack of confidence.

B. What surprised me was his lack of confidence.

C. That his lack of confidence surprised me.
D. That he lacked of confidence surprised me.
60. As he gets older, he wants to travel less.
A. As soon as he wants to travel less, he gets older.
B. The less he wants to travel, the older he gets.
C. The more old age he gets, the less he wants to travel.
D. The older he gets, the less he wants to travel.
61. What Rachael does in her free time doesn't concern me.
A. What Rachael does in her free time is none of my business.
B. What Rachael does in her free time is not my concern.
C. I don't know what Rachael does in her free time.
D. What Rachael does in her free time is not concerned by me.
62. We've run out of tea.
A. There's not much more tea left.
B. There's no tea left.
C. We have to run out to buy some tea.
D. We didn’t have any tea.
63. The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all concerned.
A. If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned.
B. It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon.
C. If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon.
D. If we can solve this problem soon, it will be better for all concerned.
64. My friend told me, “If I were you, I would not smoke so much.”
A. My friend advised me not to smoke so much.
B. My friend warned me against smoking so much.
C. My friend prohibited me from smoking so much.
D. My friend suggested not smoking so much.
65. Mr. Brown wanted to get some fresh air in the room. He opened the window.
A. Mr. Brown wanted to get some fresh air in the room because he opened the window.
B. Having opened the window, the room could get some fresh air by Mr. Brown.
C. Mr. Brown got some fresh air in the room, even though he opened the window.
D. Mr. Brown opened the window in order to get some fresh air in the room.

66. "I will let you know the answer by the end of this week,” Tom said to Janet.
A. Tom suggested giving Janet the answer by the end of the week.
B. Tom promised to give Janet the answer by the end of the week.
C. Tom insisted on letting Janet know the answer by the end of the week.
D. Tom offered to give Janet the answer by the end of the week.
67. “Shall I make you a coffee?” the girl said to the lady.
A. The girl refused to make a coffee for the lady.
B. The girl wanted to make a coffee for the lady.
C. The girl promised to make a coffee for the lady.
D. The girl offered to make a coffee for the lady.
68. The critics undervalued his new book.
A. The critics had a low opinion of his new book.
B. The critics turned down his new book.
C. The critics were fed up with his new book.
D. The critics rejected his new book.
69. The captain to his men: “Abandon the ship immediately!”
A. The captain suggested his men abandon the ship immediately.
B. The captain ordered his men to abandon the ship immediately.
C. The captain invited his men to abandon the ship immediately.
D. The captain requested his men toabandon the ship immediately.
70. No sooner had she put the telephone down than her boss rang back.
A. Scarcely had she put the telephone down when her boss rang back.
B. Hardly she had hung up, she rang her boss immediately.
C. She had hardly put the telephone down without her boss rang back.
D. As soon as her boss rang back, she put down the telephone.
71. Due to the fact that the demand for tea was very high in the 19th century, its price was
astronomical.
A. The demand for tea was so high in the 19thcentury that its price was enormous.
B. It was not until the 19th century that the demand for tea started to increase.
C. It was astronomical price which decreased the demand for tea in the 19th century.
D. In the 19th century the price for tea didn’t increase despite the demand.
72. We stayed in that hotel despite the noise.

A. Despite the hotel was noisy, we stayed there.
B. In spite of noisy, we stayed there.

C. Although the noise, we stayed there.

D. No matter how noisy the hotel was, we stayed there.
73. Everybody thinks that Frank stole the money.
A. Frank is suspected to steal the money
B. Frank is thought to be stolen the money
C. Frank was thought to steal the money
D. Frank is thought to steal the money
74. He survived the operation thanks to the skillful surgeon.
A. He survived because he was a skillful surgeon.
B. Though the surgeon was skillful, he couldn’t survived the operation
C. There was no skillful surgeon, so he died.
D. He wouldn’t have survived the operation without the skillful surgeon.
75. It was wrong of you to criticize your son before his friends left.
A. If you had criticized your son after his friends had left, he wouldn’t be so upset now.
B. You must be careful not to embarrass your son when he is with his friends.
C. You should have delayed criticizing your son until after his friends had gone.
D. Your son must have been embarrassed when you criticized him in front of his friends.
76. The film didn’t come up to my expectations.

A. I expected the film to end more abruptly.
B. The film was as good as I expected.
C. I expected the film to be more boring
D. The film fell short of my expectation.
77. Peter had very little money but managed to make ends meet.
A. Having little money, Peter couldn’t make ends meet.
B. Peter could hardly live on little money.
C. Peter got by on very little money.
D. Peter found it hard to live on very little money.
78. Linh’s success took us all by surprise.
A. Linh was successful, which surprised all of us.
B. We took all ot Linh’s successes surprisingly.
C. We were taken aback by all of Lin’s successes.
D. Linh’s success was surprised to all of us.

79. The sooner we solve this problem, the better it will be for all concerned.
A. If we could solve this problem soon, it would be better for all concerned.
B. It would be better for all concerned if we can solve this problem soon.
C. If all concerned are better, we can solve this problem soon.
D. If we can’t solve the problem soon, things may go wrong.
80. “I will let you know the answer by the end of this week,” Tom said to
Janet.
A. Tom suggested giving Janet the answer by the end of the week.
B. Tom promised to give Janet the answer by the end of the week.
C. Tom said he will let Janet know the answer by the end of the week.
D. Tom agreed with Janet about the answer by the end of the week.
81. He kept making angry comments during the reading of the radio news.
A. While making angry comments, he kept reading the radio news.
B. While reading the radio news, he kept making angry comments.
C. While listening to the radio news, he kept making angry comments.
D. During listening to the radio news, he kept making angry comments.
82. Nothing but the whole story would satisfy Jane.

A. Jane wouldn’t be satisfied with anything.
B. Jane insisted on being told the complete story.
C. On the whole, Jane was satisfied with the story.
D. Jane wanted to know just the end of the story.
83. It’s thirty years since I saw my aunt and uncle.
A. I saw my aunt and uncle thirty years ago.
B. My aunt and uncle arrived thirty years ago.
C. I haven’t seen my aunt and uncle for thirty years.
D. I see my aunt and uncle once every thirty years.
84. It does not seem very probable that Eric will be able to find a new apartment before he has to
leave his old one.
A. Eric’s search for a new apartment while there is still time may well succeed, but only if he works really
hard at it.
B. It is hardly likely that Eric will be unable to find a new apartment before he is out on the streets.
C. Eric doesn’t think he will be able to find a new apartment before he is thrown out of his old one.

D. That Eric’s search for a new apartment will be successful before he has to vacate his old one appears
highly unlikely.
85. By the time I got up the courage to ask her to marry me, she was
engaged to someone else.
A. At the moment I felt brave enough to propose to her, I learnt that she had already
promised to marry another man.
B. Before I felt brave enough to propose to her, she had agreed to marry another man.
C. Just when I asked her to marry me, she accepted an engagement to another man.
D. I offered her a proposal of marriage, but she said she was already engaged to
someone else.
86. What Rachael does in her free time doesn't concern me.
A. What Rachael does in her free time is none of my business.
B. What Rachael does in her free time is not my concern.
C. I don't know what Rachael does in her free time.
D. What Rachael does in her free time is not concerned by me.
87. The baby has been giving his parents a lot of sleepless nights lately.
A. The baby has been sleeping well lately.
B. The baby’s parents have had to wake him often recently.
C. The baby has been waking up his parents often lately.
D. The baby’s parents have had to sleep at different times recently.
88. The hotel is not spacious. The hotel is not comfortable.
A. The hotel is not spacious but comfortable.
B. The hotel is either spacious or comfortable.
C. The hotel is both spacious and comfortable.
D. The hotel is neither spacious nor comfortable.
89. “Why didn’t you join your friends on the trip?” she asked.
A. She asked me why I didn’t join her friends on the trip.
B. She wanted to know why I hadn’t joined my friends on the trip.
C. She asked for the reason I hadn’t joined my friends on the trip.
D. She asked me why didn’t I join my friends on the trip.
90. If it hadn’t been for his carelessness, we would have finished the work.
A. He was careless because we hadn’t finished the work.

B. If he were careful, we would finish the work.

C. If he had been more careful, we would have completed the work.
D. Because he wasn’t careless, we didn’t finish the work.
91. This is a rare opportunity. You should take advantage of it to get a better job.
A. You should take advantage of this opportunity, that is rare to get a better job.
B. This is a rare opportunity that you should take advantage of to get a better job.
C. You should take advantage of this rare opportunity, which is to get a better job.
D. This is a rare opportunity what you should take advantage of to get a better job.
92. “Cigarette?”, he asked. “ No, thanks.” I said.

A. He asked for a cigarette, and I immediately refused.
B. He mentioned a cigarette, so I thanked him.
C. He offered me a cigarette, but I promptly declined.
D. He asked if I was smoking, and I denied at once.
93. The hostess made every effort to see that her guests got the food and drinks they wanted.
A. The hostess was reluctant to offer her guests food and drinks.
B. The hostess tried hard to please her guests.
C. The guests refused the food and drinks prepared by the hostess.
D. Neither the guests nor the hostess had food or drinks.
94. We had planned to walk right round the lake. The heavy rain made this impossible.
A. In spite of the fact that we had planned to walk right round the lake, the heavy rain made this
impossible.
B. We had planned to walk right round the lake, therefore, the heavy rain made this impossible.
C. We had planned to walk right round the lake, but the heavy rain made this impossible.
D. Even though we had planned to walk right round the lake, but the heavy rain made this impossible.

A. The meeting started earlier because people wanted to leave early.
B. The meeting was planned to start late because of time pressure.
C. The meeting lasted much longer than usual.
D. There was not enough time to hold the meeting.
96. Twice as many men as women are insurance agents.
A. More men than women have insurance.
B. Male insurance agents outnumber female agents.

C. Women are twice as likely as men to have sold insurance.

D. Insurance is twice as difficult to sell to women as to men.
97. The fire-fighters made every effort to put off the flames. The building burned down completely.
A. Had it not been for the fire-fighters’ every effort, the building would have burned down completely.
B. Since the fire-fighters made every effort to put off the flames, the building burned down completely.
C. The building burned down completely though the fire-fighters made every effort to put off the flames.
D. Making every effort to put off the flames, the fire-fighters completely burned down the building.
A. A person is more likely to get a cold in the winter than in the summer.
B. More people have summer colds than winter colds.
C. People get colder in the summer than in the winter.
D. The winter is much colder than the summer.
A. The hostess was reluctant to offer her guests food and drinks.
B. The hostess tried hard to please her guests.
D. Neither the guests nor the hostess had food or drinks.
100. I had two job offers upon graduation. Neither of them was appropriate for my qualifications.
A. Though I wasn't qualified enough, two jobs were offered to me upon graduation.
B. The two jobs offered to me after I graduated were inappropriate for my qualifications.
C. Both of the job offers I had prior to my graduation were appropriate for my qualifications.
D. I was offered two jobs soon after my graduation, both of which were suitable for my qualifications.
Exercise 2:
A. A person is more likely to get a cold in the winter than in the summer.
B. More people have summer colds than winter colds.
C. People get colder in the summer than in the winter.
D. The winter is much colder than the summer.

A. More men than women have insurance.

B. Male insurance agents outnumber female agents.

C. Women are twice as likely as men to have sold insurance.
D. Insurance is twice as difficult to sell to women as to men.
3. The woman was too weak to lift the suitcase.
A. The woman shouldn’t have lifted the suitcase as she was weak.
B. So weak was the woman that she couldn’t lift the suitcase.
C. The woman wasn’t able to lift the suitcase, so she was very weak.
D. The woman, though weak, could lift the suitcase.
4. If I had been you, I would have taken it home.

A. You should have taken it home.
B. I think you should take it home.
C. If I were you, I would take it home.
D. I advise you to take it home.
5. While I strongly disapproved of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
A. Despite of my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
B. Although I strongly disapproved of your behaviour, but I will help you this time.
C. Because of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
D. Despite my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
6. Some of the people can’t find a seat in the concert hall.
A. There are some people without a seat in the concert hall.
B. There weren’t enough seats for all the people in the concert hall.
C. There weren’t enough seats even for some people in the concert hall.
D. There were enough seats for some people in the concert hall.
7. Much as he loved her, he couldn’t forgive her for what she had done.
A. He didn’t forgive her for what she had done despite loving her very much.
B. He loved her so much, that’s why he forgave her for what she had done.
C. He didn’t forgive her for what she had done as he loved her very much.
D. She loved him very much, so he forgave her for what she had done.
8. It is a pity you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you have told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.

C. I wish you had told us about this

D. I wish you would have told us about this.
9. He reluctantly accepted that he would have to spend the evening on his own.
A. He resigned himself to spending the evening on his own.
B. He did not accept spending the evening on his own.
C. If he disagreed reluctantly, he would spend the evening on his own.
D. He resigned spending the evening on his own unhappily.



A. The meeting started earlier because people wanted to leave early.
C. The meeting lasted much longer than usual.
D. There was not enough time to hold the meeting.
13. He felt tired. However, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
A. As a result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up the
mountain.
B. Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
C. He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
D. Tired as he might feel, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
14. Tom should have known better than to ask Dick to help him.
A. Tom should have asked Dick to help him.
B. Tom asked Dick to help him because he was better than anyone else.

C. Tom asked Dick to help him, but it was foolish of him to do so.
D. It was wise of Tom to ask Dick to help him.
15. Mary might have phoned while we were out.

A. Possibly Mary phoned while we were out.
B. Unfortunately we were out while Mary phoned.
C. We were sure Mary had phoned while we were out.
D. Mary ought to have phoned while we were out.
16. She usually spends one hour driving to work every day.
A. She usually works one hour every day.
B. It usually takes her one hour to drive to work every day.
C. She usually goes to work by car once a day.
D. It usually takes her one hour to work on her car everyday.
17. There isn’t enough space in the room for another bed.
A. The room isn’t big enough for one more bed.
B. We don’t want any more beds in the room.
C. Another bed will take up enough space in the room.
D. Not enough space there is in the room for another bed.
18. “As I get older, I want to travel less.”

A. I’m getting older, so I don’t want to travel .
B. The more I get old, the less I want to travel.
C. I don’t want to travel because of my old age.
D. The older I get, the less I want to travel.
19. He was such a bright student that he could solve all the math problems.
A. He was not bright enough to solve all the math problems.
B. He was so intelligent that he could solve all the math problems.
C. The math problems were too difficult for him to solve.
D. All the math problems were so bright that he could solve them.
20. They’re my two sisters. They aren’t teachers like me.
A. They’re my two sisters both of those are teachers like me.
B. Like me, neither of my two sisters aren’t teachers.
C. They’re my two sisters, neither of whom are teachers like me.

D. They’re my two sisters who neither are teachers like me.
21. We planned to visit Petronas in the afternoon. We could not afford the fee, however.
A. As planned, we could not afford the visit to Petronas in the afternoon because of the fee.
B. We visited Petronas in the afternoon though the fee was too high for us.
C. We were going to visit Petronas in the afternoon but the fee was too high for us.
D. The fee was, however, high enough for us to plan a visit to Petronas in the afternoon.
22. We couldn’t go out because the weather was so bad.
A. The weather was so bad but we went out.
B. If the weather were fine, we could not go out.
C. Whatever weather we had, we couldn’t go out.
D. It was such bad weather that we could not go out.
23. By next August Charles will have worked here for seven years.
A. Charles no longer works here.
B. Charles is at present working here.
C. Charles has now worked here for seven years.
D. Charles is going to work here for the next seven years.
24. The new restaurant looks good. However, it seems to have few customers.
A. In order to get more business, the new restaurant should improve its appearance.
B. The new restaurant would have more customers if it looked better.
C. If it had a few more customers, the new restaurant would look better.
D. In spite of its appearance, the new restaurant does not appear to attract much business.
25. “Let’s go shopping!”
A. She suggests going shopping.
B. She allows us to go shopping.
C. She says we can go shopping.
D. She agrees to go shopping with him.
26. “I’ll give you a lift home if you like”
A. He offered to give me a lift home.

B. I liked him to give me a lift home.
C. He could install a lift my home.
D. If I liked, he would install a lift in my home.
27. I am very unhappy about the grade I made on my biology exam. I know I should have studied
more.
A. I know I should have studied more because I am very unhappy about the grade I made on my biology
exam.
B. I am very unhappy about the grade I made on my biology exam so I know I should have studied more.
C. I am very unhappy about the grade I made on my biology exam, yet I know I should have studied more.
D. I am very unhappy about the grade I made on my biology exam but I know I should have studied more.
28. The boy was too fat to run far.
A. The boy was very fat and couldn’t run far.
B. The boy’s fatness didn’t stop him running far.
C. The boy had to run a lot because he was fat.
D. The boy became ill because he was fat.
29. If you didn’t cheat in the exam, you wouldn’t be punished.
A. You were not punished as you didn’t cheat in the exam.
B. You didn’t cheat in the exams so as not be punished.
C. Don’t cheat in the exam and you won’t be punished.
D. You never cheat in the exam, so you are not punished.
30. It was only because his wife helped him that he was able to finish his book.
A. If only he had been able to finish his book.
B. If it weren’t for his wife’s help, he couldn’t have finished his book.
C. But for his wife’s help, he couldn’t finish his book.
D. Without his wife’s help, he couldn’t have finished his book.
31. Julia forgot to do her homework.

A. Julia did her homework but she didn’t remember.
B. Julia forgot doing her homework.

C. Julia didn’t do her homework as she didn’t remember.

D. Somebody did her homework for Julia but she forgot it.
32. It wasn’t Peter that you saw in the department store, for sure.
A. It could not be Peter that you saw in the department store.
B. It should be seen that Peter was in the department store.
C. It cannot have been Peter that you saw in the department store.
D. It wouldn’t have been Peter that you saw in the department store.
33. They would never have accepted his money if they had known his plan.
A. They knew what he wanted to do, so they refused his money.
B. They agreed with his wishes because they were glad to have his money.
C. They took the money he offered them without realizing his purposes.
D. They didn’t know his plan and never took the money from him.
34. The sooner he stops smoking, the better he’ll feel.
A. When he stops smoking, he’ll begin to feel better.
B. As soon as he feels better, he’ll try to stop smoking.
C. He feels so much better since he stopped smoking.
D. Though he feels better, he still smokes.
35. I’ve never eaten this food before.
A. It’s the first time I’ve eaten this food.
B. It’s the tastiest food I’ve eaten.
C. I’ve never eaten such a good food before.
D. The food is so good that I’ve never eaten before.
36. We haven’t seen each other again since we left school 10 years ago.
A. It was 10 years since we haven’t seen each other.
B. It’s 10 years since we last saw each other.
C. We last saw each other was 10 years ago.
D. The last time seeing each other was 10 years ago.

37. Had he known more about the internet, he would have invested in some computer companies.
A. Knowing about the internet helped him invest in some computer companies.
B. He did not know much about the internet so he did not invest in any computer companies.
C. Knowing about the internet, he would have invested in some computer companies.
D. He would have invested in some computer companies without his knowledge of the internet.
38. This control panel is not to be left unattended in any circumstances.
A. Under no circumstances this control panel is not to be left unattended.
B. Under no circumstances is this control panel to be left unattended.
C. Under any circumstances is this control panel to be left unattended.
D. Under any circumstances this control panel is to be left unattended.
39. She would eat nothing but small pieces of bread and butter.
A. She ate small pieces of bread and butter but didn’t like them.
B. She ate only some small pieces of bread and butter.
C. She didn’t eat anything, not even the bread and butter.
D. She wouldn’t touch the bread and butter, but she ate other things.
40. It never occurred to me to go by train.
A. I never find it boring to go by train.
B. I was used to going by train.
C. I used to go by train.
D. I never thought of going by train.

41. Although it is not a threat to humans, the Bespectacled Bear is killed as it
A. As a threat to human and damage to agriculture, the Bespectacled Bear is killed.
B. The Bespectacled Bear is killed although it is neither a threat to humans
C. The Bespectacled Bear is killed as it does damage to agriculture and is a
D. People kill the Bespectacled Bear because of its damage to agriculture
42. When the unemployment rate is high, the crime rate is usually also high.
A. The unemployment rate and the crime rate are both higher.
B. The higher the unemployment rate is, the higher the crime rate is.
C. The unemployment rate is as high as the crime rate.

D. The high rate of unemployment depends on the high rate of crime.

43. I wish you hadn't said that.
A. I wish you not to say that.
B. If only you didn't say that.
C. I hope you will not say that.
D. It would be nice if you hadn't said that.
44. “You're always making terrible mistakes”, said the teacher.
A. The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes.
B. The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes.
C. The teacher complained about his students making terrible mistakes.
D. The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes.
45. Mike graduated with a good degree. However, he joined the ranks of the unemployed.
A. Mike joined the ranks of the unemployed because he graduated with a good degree.
B. If Mike graduated with a good degree, he would join the ranks of the unemployed.
C. Although Mike graduated with a good degree, he joined the ranks of the unemployed.
D. That Mike graduated with a good degree helped him join the ranks of the unemployed.
46. Impressed as we were by the new cinema, we found it rather expensive.
A. We weren’t as much impressed by the new cinema’s look as its cost.
B. The new cinema was more expensive than we expected.
C. We were not impressed by the new cinema at all because it looked rather expensive.
D. We were very impressed by the new cinema, but found it rather expensive.
47. Ann always keeps up with the latest fashions. She works for a famous fashion house.
A. Ann always keeps up with the latest fashions so as not to work for a famous fashion house.
B. Ann works for a famous fashion house, so she always keeps up with the latest fashions.
C. Not working for a famous fashion house, Ann always keeps up with the latest fashions.
D. Despite working for a famous fashion house, Ann hardly keeps up with the latest fashions.
48. After several months, the problems continues to be discussed.
A. The discussion of the problem is not over yet.
B. The problem was solved after several months’ discussion.
C. The discussion of the problem ceased several months.
D. Several new problems have arisen and must be discussed.

49. They drove fifteen miles off the main road. Also, they had nothing to eat for the day.
A. Not only did they drive fifteen miles off the main road, they also had nothing to eat for the day.
B. Driving fifteen miles off the main road, they eventually had something to eat for the day.
C. They neither drove fifteen miles off the main road nor had anything to eat for the day.
D. They drove fifteen miles off the main road until they had something to eat for the day.
50. Put your coat on. You will get cold.
A. You will not get cold unless you put your coat on.
B. Put your coat on, otherwise you will get cold.
C. It is not until you put your coat on that you will get cold.
D. You not only put your coat on but also get cold.
51. We arrived at the airport. We realized our passports were still at home.
A. We arrived at the airport and realized that our passports are still at home.
B. Not until we arrived at the airport did we realize that our passports were still at home.
C. Not until had we arrived at the airport, we realized our passports were still at home.
D. It was until we arrived at the airport that we realize our passports were still at home.
52. Everyone was watching the little dog. They were greatly amused at it.
A. Everyone felt great and amused when the little dog was watching them.
B. The little dog was watching everyone with great amusement.
C. Everyone was greatly amused at the little dog they were watching.
D. The little dog was greatly amused by the way everyone was watching it.
53. It is a pity you didn't tell us about this.

A. I wish you have told us about this.
B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this
D. I wish you would have told us about this.
54. They improve the quality of their products. We will order more handbags from them.
A. Even if they improve the quality of their products, we will order more handbags from them.
B. Unless they improve the quality of their products, we will order more handbags from them.
C. Only when they improve the quality of their products will we order more handbags from them.
D. In case they improve the quality of their products, we will order more handbags from them.
55. I've never gone to the car wash before.

A. This is the first time I have had my car washed.

B. This is the first time I have washed my car.

C. Never have I washed my car before.
D. Never has my car been washed.
56. After he had finished the report, he submitted it to the director.

A. Finishing the report, it was submitted to the director.
B. Having finished the report, it was submitted to the director.
C. Having finished the report, he submitted to the director.
D. Having finished the report, he submitted it to the director.
57. Jean could not help weeping when she heard the bad news.
A. Jean could not stop herself from weeping at the bad news.
B. Jean could not allow herself to weep at the bad news.
C. Jean could not help herself and so she wept at the bad news.
D. Jean could not help herself because she was weeping.
58. We chose to find a place for the night. We found the bad weather very inconvenient.
A. Bad weather was approaching, so we started to look for a place to stay.
B. The bad weather prevented us from driving any further.
C. Seeing that the bad weather had set in, we decided to find somewhere to spend the night.
D. Because the climate was so severe, we were worried about what we’d do at night.
59. The best solution was thought of by the monitor.

A. The monitor came up with the best solution.
B. The monitor was good with the best solution.
C. No one could solve the problem except the monitor.
D. The best solution was monitored by the thought.
60. "Why don’t we go out for dinner?” said Mary.
A. Mary suggested a dinner out.
B. Mary ordered a dinner out.
C. Mary demanded a dinner out.
D. Mary requested a dinner out.
61. She only felt relaxed after a few months working for him.
A. She used to feel relaxed working for him a few months.
B. A few months ago, she didn’t find it relaxed working for him.
C. Only after a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.
D. It was not until a few months working for him did she feel relaxed.

62. Everyone expected her to win the tournament, but she didn’t.
A. Unlike everyone expected, she didn’t win the tournament
B. Everyone was unexpected when she won the tournament.
C. Contrary to everyone’s expectation, she lost the tournament.
D. To everyone’s expectation, she won the tournament.
63. We have run out of the items you want.

A. We have to run out to buy the items you want.
B. The items you want are out of our shop.
C. The items you want have been out of stock.
D. For the items you want, we must run out.
64. If only I had taken that job in the bank.

A. I regret not taking that job in the bank.
B. I regret not take that job in the bank.
C. I wish I took that job in the bank.
D. I don’t taken that job in the bank.
65. I didn’t mean to offend you.
A. Offending you was meaningless to me.
B. I had no intention of offending you.
C. It was meaningless of me to offend you.
D. What I offended you was meaningless.
66. It was Jane who pointed out the mistake to me.
A. It was Jane that I owed the mistake to point out
B. It was Jane who only pointed the mistake out to me.
C. It was the mistake that Jane asked me to attend.
D. It was Jane who drew my attention to the mistake.
67. They were brought up in a conventional, middle-class way.
A. They were brought up in the conventional middle class.
B. Theirs was a conventional, middle-class upbringing.
C. They had received a conventional middle-class upbringing.
D. The conventional middle class brought him up in their own way.
68. Unless someone has a key, we cannot get into the house.
A. We could not get into the house if someone had a key.
B. If someone does not have a key, we can only get into the house.
C. We can only get into the house if someone has a key.
D. If someone did not have a key, we could not get into the house.
69. “I am sorry, Jean. I broke your bicycle,” said John.
A. John apologized Jean for breaking her bicycle.
B. John apologized Jean for having broken her bicycle.
C. John apologized to Jean to have broken her bicycle.
D. John apologized to Jean for having broken her bicycle.
70. “I would like you not to go out with him, Ann” says her mother.
A. Ann’s mother would rather she doesn’t go out with him.
B. Ann’s mother would rather her not to go out with him.
C. Ann’s mother would rather she didn’t go out with him.

D. Ann’s mother would rather she wouldn’t go out with him.

71. “You broke my glasses,” said the woman to me.
A. The woman blames me of breaking her glasses.
B. The woman blamed me of breaking her glasses.
C. The woman blames me for having broken her glasses.
D. The woman blamed me for having broken her glasses.
72. Study all night is good for neither your grades nor your health.
A. Study all night is good for your grades.
B. Study all night does not help at all.
C. Study all night is good for your health.
D. Study all night is helpful to you.
73. “Please don’t drive so fast, Tom,” said Lisa.
A. Lisa complained about Tom’s driving too fast.
B. Lisa pleaded with Tom not to drive too fast.
C. Lisa insisted on Tom’s driving on.
D. Lisa grumbled to Tom about driving slowly.
74. It doesn’t matter to them which film they go to.
A. Whatever films are shown, they never see.
B. They don’t mind which film they go to.
C. They don’t care about the cost of the films they see.
D. Which film they go to matters more than the cost.
75. James was the last to know about the change of schedule.
A. Everyone had heard about the changeof schedule before James did.
B. Among the last people informed of the change of schedule was James.
C. The last thing James knew was the change of schedule.
D. At last James was able to know about the change of schedule.
76. He talked about nothing except the weather.
A. He had nothing to say about the weather.
B. He talked about everything including the weather.
C. His sole topic of conversation was the weather.
D. He said that he had no interest in the weather.
77. The film didn’t come up to my expectations.
A. I expected the film to end more abruptly.
B. The film was as good as I expected.
C. I expected the film to be more boring.
D. The film fell short of my expectations.
78. Is it essential to meet your aunt at the station?
A. Did your aunt have to be met at the station?
B. Does your aunt have to meet at the station?
C. Does your aunt have to be met at the station?
D. Was your aunt met at the station?
79. Conan said to me, "If I were you, I would read different types of books in different ways."
A. Conan ordered me to read different types of books in different ways.
B. I said to Conan to read different types of books in different ways to me.
C. I read different types of books in different ways to Conan as he told me.
D. Conan advised me to read different types of books in different ways.

80. I wish I had chosen English to study at school.

A. The speaker regrets not choosing English to study at school.
B. The speaker is not studying English.
C. The speaker studied English and now regrets doing so.
D. The speaker regrets having chosen English to study.
81. Sequoyah devised an alphabet. Because of this all the different tribes could read a common
language.
A. All the different tribes could read a common language which belonged to Sequoyah.
B. Sequoyah devised an alphabet because all the different tribes could read a common language.
C. Sequoyah devised an alphabet whereby all the different tribes could read a common language.
D. All the different tribes could read a common language that Sequoyah devised.
82. He hasn’t smoked a cigarette for a week.

A. It’s for a week that he hasn’t smoked a cigarette.
B. It’s a week since he hasn’t smoked a cigarette.
C. It’s a cigarette that he smoked a week ago.
D. It’s a week ago that he smoked a cigarette.
83. No matter what happens, don’t forget to write to me.
A. Don’t forget to write to me because what happens.
B. Don’t forget to write to me regardless of what happens.
C. Don’t forget to write to me when it happens.
D. Don’t forget to write to me about what happens.
84. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years.
A. It’s years since I enjoyed myself so much.
B. It’s years since I have enjoyed myself so much.
C. It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much.
D. It has been years since I have enjoyed myself so much.
85. Some scientists think that a meteor impact, which occurred around 65 million years ago, may
have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.
A. In the opinion of some scientists, the extinction of the dinosaurs could have been the result of the impact
of a meteor which occurred roughly 65 million years ago.
B. According to some scientists, the extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by a meteor that struck Earth
65 million or so years ago.
C. The extinction of the dinosaurs could only have been caused by a meteor impact that occurred some 65
million years ago.

D. Some scientists reckon that the impact of a meteor that struck Earth some 65 million years ago need not
have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.
86. Without your help, I can’t be successful.

A. You are helpful, I like that.
B. Thank you for all the things you’ve done for me.
C. Now I’m successful, I will help you.
D. Thanks to your help, I have succeeded in doing this.
87. He last had his eyes tested ten months ago.
A. He tested his eyes ten months ago.
B. He hasn’t tested his eyes for ten months.
C. His eyes haven’t been tested for ten months.
D. He didn’t test his eyes ten months ago.
88. The police issued a warning on the radio. A dangerous man had escaped from hospital.
A. A dangerous man had escaped from hospital, so the police issued a warning on the radio.
B. The police issued a warning on the radio about a dangerous man had escaped from hospital.
C. The police issued a warning on the radio, namely, a dangerous man had escaped from hospital.
D. A dangerous man had escaped from hospital where the police issued a warning on the radio.
89. The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was so rough.
A. The sea was too rough for the children to go swimming in.
B. The sea was rough enough for the children to go swim in.
C. The sea wasn’t rough enough for the children to go swim in.
D. The sea was so rough that the children could go swimming in it
90. Travellers are advised to take out insurance. Their luggage may go astray.
A. Travellers should take out insurance if their luggage goes astray.
B. Travellers should get insurance, or else their luggage may go astray.
C. Travellers are advised to take out insurance in case their luggage goes astray.
D. Travellers had better buy insurance as a precaution against their luggage go astray.
91. “Please don’t drive so fast, Tom,” said Linda.

A. Linda complained about Tom’s driving too fast.
B. Linda pleased with Tom not to drive too fast.
C. Linda insisted on Tom’s driving on.
D. Linda grumbled to Tom about driving too slow.

92. “I am sorry. I am late”

A. He said sorry because of late.
B. He complained about coming late
C. He apologized for his being late.
D. He excused because he is late.
93. The man was shot in the bank robbery. The doctors are operating on him.
A. The doctors are operating on the man who was shot in the bank robbery.
B. The man was whom the doctors are operating on him shot in the bank robbery.
C. The man whom the doctors are operating on him shot in the bank robbery.
D. The man was shot in the bank robbery where the doctors are operating on him.
94. We find it hard to finish the work in time.

A. It’s hard for us to finish the work in time.
B. It’s hard enough for us to finish the work in time.
C. It isn’t too hard for us to finish the work on time.
D. The work is so easy that we can finish it in time.
95. My friend said to me, “If I were you, I would tell them the truth.
A. My friend said me to tell the truth.
B. My friend advised me to tell the truth.
C. My friend felt sorry for me and asked me to tell the truth.
D. My friend advised me not to tell the truth.
96. No one but the experts was able to realize that the painting was an imitation.
A. It greatly resembled the original.
B. It was obvious that only a person with great talent could fake a painting so successfully.
C. It was hard for ordinary people to judge between the fake painting and the real one, but not for the
experts.
D. It was almost impossible for amateurs to realize that the painting was not authentic, though the experts
could judge it quite easily.
97. People believe that 13 is an unlucky number.

A. People are believed that 13 is an unlucky number.
B. 13 are believed to be an unlucky number.
C. It’s believed that 13 is an unlucky number.
D. It’s believed 13 to be an unlucky number.

98. He was suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy. They have investigated him
for days.
A. Suspecting of giving away government secrets to the enemy, he has investigated them for days.
B. Having suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy, he has investigated them for days.
C. He had been investigated for days, suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy.
D. Suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy, he has been investigated for days.
99. They arrived too late to get good seats.

A. When they arrived, the good seats were already taken.
B. Although they were late they found some good seats.
C. They got good seats some time after they arrived.
D. They had to stand for the whole show.
100. I can't help feeling worried about Tom
A. I doesn't worry about Tom
B. I can do nothing to help Tom.
C. I is glad to have someone like Tom to worry about.
D. I finds it impossible not to worry about Tom.
Exercise 3:
1. It’s careless of you to leave the luggage over there unattended.

A. You shouldn’t have left the luggage over there unattended.
B. Leaving the luggage unattended is not permitted.
C. You shouldn’t leave the luggage over there unattended.
D. You could hardly leave the luggage over there unattended.
2. My brother regretted having bought the second-hand laptop.
A. My brother wished he had bought the second-hand laptop.
B. My brother wished he didn’t buy the second-hand laptop.
C. My brother wished he hadn’t bought the second-hand laptop.
D. If only my brother had bought the second-hand laptop.
3. “Why can’t you do your work more carefully?” said Henry’s boss.
A. Henry’s boss asked him not to do his job with care.
B. Henry’s boss suggested doing the job more carefully.
C. Henry’s boss warned him to to the job carefully.
D. Henry’s boss criticized him for doing his job carelessly.

4. We can’t possibly afford Harvard University.

A. The tuition fee at Harvard is too high for us.
B. We can’t be accepted by Harvard University.
C. We like Harvard University but we don’t want to apply to it.
D. We don’t know how to apply to Harvard University.
5. Had we left any later, we would have missed the train.
A. We left too late to catch the train.
B. We almost missed the train.
C. Because the train was late, we missed it.
D. We didn’t missed the train because it left late.
6. The people who were at the meeting didn’t notice anything unusual.
A. The people who were at the meeting noticed something usual.
B. No one who was at the meeting noticed something unusual.
C. The people who were at the meeting didn’t notice usual things.
D. No one who was at the meeting noticed the usual things.
7. It was only because I owed Bill a favour that I agree to help him.
A. I agreed to help Bill only as a favour.
B. I agreed to do Bill a favour by helping him.
C. I only agreed to help Bill because I owed him some money.
D. If I hadn’t owed Bill a favour, I wouldn’t have agreed to help him.
8. The coach’s tactics were directly responsible for the team’s defeat.
A. The team lost because the coach had no direct tactics.
B. The team’s responsibility is to defeat the coach’s tactics.
C. The coach directly guided the team, but had no responsibility.
D. The team lost as a direct consequence of the coach’s tactics.
9. I wasn’t a bit surprised to hear that Kate had failed her driving test.
A. That Kate had failed in her driving test surprised me a bit.
B. I was surprised that Kate had passed her driving test.
C. It came as no surprise to me to hear that Kate hadn’t passed her driving test.
D. Surprisingly, Kate had failed her driving test.
10. We’ll go camping as long as the weather is good.
A. Only if the is fine will we go camping.
B. If the weather is better, we will go camping.
C. The weather is good when we will go camping.
D. We’ll go camping immediately after the weather is good.

11. My father hasn’t smoke for three year.

A. My father started smoking three years ago.
B. My father quit smoking for three years.
C. My father stopped smoking three years ago.
D. My father won’t continue smoking in three years’ time.
12. The secret to success is hard work.
A. Working hard ensures success.
B. One must work hard to keep secrets.
C. One cannot succeed if he has secrets.
D. If you keep your work secret, you will succeed.
13. She told us to help ourselves to the apples in the basket.
A. She offered us some apples in return for our help.
B. She wanted our help to pick the apples and put them in a basket.
C. She let us have as many apples as we wanted.
D. She wanted us to put all the apples in the basket ourselves.
14. It is open to question as to whether Jane will get the job.
A. The question is whether Jane will get the job or not.
B. It is not certain that Jane will get the job.
C. Jane is being interviewed for the job.
D. If Jane could answer the question, she would get the job.
15. Had I known more about computer programming, I would have worked for a computer
company.
A. I din’t know much about cimputer programming so I didn’t work for a computer company.
B. A better knowledge of computer programming will help me find a job in a computer company.
C. I wish I knew more about computer programming and could work for a computer company.
D. Knowing more about computer programming, I would find a job in a computer company.
16. She knows a lot more about it than I do.

A. I know as much about it as she does.
B. I do not know as much about it as she does.
C. She does not know so much about it as I do.
D. I know much more about it than she does.
17. The boy was not allowed to have any friends, so he felt lonely.
A. Having no friends, the boy felt so lonely.
B. Not having friends, they made the boy feel lonely.

C. Having a lot of friends, the boy felt lonely.

D. Deprived of friends, the boy felt lonely.
18. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
A. I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
B. Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
C. No sooner had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
D. Scarcely had I put the phone down than the boss rang back.
19. While I strongly disapproved of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
A. Despite of my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
B. Although I strongly disapproved of your behaviour, but I will help you this time.
C. Because of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
D. Despite my strong disapproval of your behaviour, I will help you this time.
20. The boy didn’t eat dinner until his mother came home.
A. It was not until his mother came home that the boy eats dinner.
B. It was not until his mother came home that the boy ate dinner.
C. It was not until his mother came home the boy ate dinner.
D. It was not until his mother came home that the boy didn’t eat dinner.
21. Emma hasn’t gone to the cinema for years.

A. Emma goes to the cinema every years.
B. Emma hasn’t gone to the cinema yet this year, but she did last year.
C. Emma doesn’t go to the cinema unless she has the time.
D. Emma hasn’t seen a film for a long time.
22. I didn’t eat anything because I wasn’t hungry.

A. If I was hungry, I would eat something.
B. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something.
C. If I hadn’t been hungry, I would have eaten something.
D. If I had eaten something, I would have been eaten something.
23. “Why don’t you like pop music?”, the teenagers asked him.
A. The teenagers asked him why you didn’t like pop music.
B. The teenagers asked why you didn’t like pop music.
C. The teenagers asked him why he didn’t like pop music.
D. The teenagers asked him why he doesn’t like pop music.

24. Do you have a good relationship with your boss?

A. Are you getting on well with your boss?
B. Are you going on well with your boss?
C. Are you behaving on well with your boss?
D. Are you keeping on well with your boss?
25. Ecologists say that our planet should be taken of.

A. Ecologists say that we should take care of our planet.
B. Ecologists say that we should take care our planet.
C. Ecologists say that we should be taken care of our planet.
D. Ecologists are said that we should take care of our planet.
26. He never suspected that she was a witch.

A. Never has he suspect she was a witch.
B. He used to think she was not a witch,
C. At no time did he suspect that she was a witch.
D. What he thought was she was not a witch.
27. If only you told me the truth about the theft.

A. You should have told me the truth about the theft
B. Only if you had told me the truth about the theft.
C. Had you had told me the truth , there wouldn’t have been the theft.
D. You only told me the truth if there was a theft.
28. I'm sure it was Tom who cleared everything up.

A. Tom must have clear everything up.
B. Tom must has cleared everything up.
C. Tom must has not cleared everything up.
D. Tom must have cleared everything up.
29. If you want my opinion, it would be a good idea to stop eating so many sweets.
A. If I am you, I would stop eating so many sweets.
B. If I were you, I would stop eating so many sweets.
C. If I was you, I would stop eating so many sweets.
D. If I were you, I would not stop eating so many sweets.
30. People say that he is an excellent poet.

A. He was said to be an excellent poet.

B. He is said not to be an excellent poet.

C. He is said to be an excellent poet.
D. He has said to be an excellent poet.
31. “Why don’t you reply to the President’s offer right now?” said Mary to her husband.
A. Mary suggested that her husband should reply to the President’s offer without delay.
B. Mary told her husband why he didn’t reply to the President’s offer then.
C. Mary ordered her husband to reply to the President’s offer right now.
D. Mary wondered why her husband didn’t reply to the President’s offer then.
32. He survived the operation thanks to the skilful surgeon.

A. He survived because he was a skilful surgeon.
B. Though the surgeon was skilful, hecouldn’t survive the operation.
C. There was no skilful surgeon, so he died.
D. He wouldn’t have survived the operation without the skilful surgeon.
33. It is certain that the new cuts will worry the staff.
A. The new cuts certainly worry the staff.
B. The new cuts will be certainly worry the staff.
C. The new cuts will be bound to worry the staff.
D. The new cuts are bound to worry the staff.
34. The minister's popularity suffered as a result of the scandal.

A. The scandal had a negative effect on the minister's popularity.
B. The scandal had bad effect to the minister's popularity.
C. The scandal influenced on the minister's popularity.
D. The scandal effected the minister's popularity.
35. She turned the radio at 7:30. She was still listening to it when her mother came home at 9:00.
A. She has been listening to the radio at 7:30.
B. She had been listening to the radio since 7:30.
C. She has been listening to the radio after 7:30.
D. She has been listening to the radio by 7:30.
36. She knows a lot more about it than I do.

A. I don’t know as mush about it as she does.
B. I don’t know as mush about it as she did.

C. I didn’t know as mush about it as she does.

D. I didn’t know as mush about it as she did.
37. The moon doesn’t have the atmosphere, neither does the planet Mars.
A. Neither the moon or the planet Mars has the atmosphere.
B. Either the moon nor the planet Mars has the atmosphere
C. Neither the moon nor the planet Mars has the atmosphere.
D. Either the moon or the planet Mars has the atmosphere.
38. The referee was being escorted from the football field by strong police guards.
A. Strong police guards were escorting the referee at the football field.
B. Strong police guards were escorting the referee into the football field.
C. Strong police guards were escorting the referee from the football field.
D. Strong police guards were escorting the referee towards the football field.
39. The bank manager turned down his request for a home loan.
A. His request for a home loan was turned down by the bank manager.
B. His request for a home loan was turned up by the bank manager.
C. His request for a home loan was turned upside by the bank manager.
D. His request for a home loan was turned off by the bank manager.
40. Temperature is measured by a thermometer.

A. A thermometer is used to measure temperature.
B. A thermometer is used for measure temperature.
C. A thermometer is used with measure temperature.
D. A thermometer is used on measure temperature.
41. Rather than disturb the meeting, I left without saying goodbye.
A. I disturbed the meeting because I said goodbye.
B. The meeting was disturbed as I left saying goodbye.
C. I would rather disturb the meeting than leave without saying goodbye.
D. I left without saying goodbye as I didn't want to disturb the meeting.
42. The basketball team knew they lost the match. They soon started to blame each other.
A. Not only did the basketball team lose the match but they blamed each other as well.
B. Hardly had the basketball team known they lost the match when they started to blame each other.
C. As soon as they blamed each other, the basketball team knew they lost the match.

D. No sooner had the basketball team started to blame each other than they knew they lost the match.
43. Jenny is so creative that we all can rely on her for original ideas.
A. Creative as Jenny is, we can rely on her for original ideas.
B. Being creative, we can all rely on Jenny for original ideas.
C. So creative is Jenny that we all can rely on her for original ideas.
D. Jenny is such creative girl that we all can rely on her for original ideas.
44. Very few students understand the lecture. The subject of the lecture is very confusing.
A. The subject of the lecture, which very few students understand, is very confusing.
B. Very few students understand the lecture which subject is very confusing.
C. The subject of the lecture, which is very confusing, very few students understand.
D. Very few students understand the lecture the subject of which is very confusing.
46. Women still cover their heads in some countries. They did so in the past.
A. In the past, women covered their heads but they do so today in some countries.
B. Women still cover their heads in some countries as they did so in the past.
C. Women still cover their heads in some countries as they did in the past.
D. Women cover their heads in some countries similar to what they did so in the past.
47. As far as I am concerned, you can do whatever you like.
A. What you like is not as much as what I am concerned about.
B. You can do what you like providing that it is not too far.
C. I am concerned about what you like.
D. In my opinion, you can do what you like

48. I can earn enough money to support my family. Thank you for your job offer.
A. Had you not offered me the job, earning enough money to support my family would be difficult.
B. Were you not to offer me the job, earning enough money to support my family would be difficult.
C. Should you not offer me the job, earning enough money to support my family will be difficult.
D. Had you not offered me the job, earning enough money to support my family would have been difficult.
50. Although it is not a threat to humans, the Bespectacled Bear is killed as it does damage to
agriculture.
A. People kill the Bespectacled Bear because of its damage to agriculture even though it is not a threat to
humans.
B. As a threat to human and damage to agriculture, the Bespectacled Bear is killed.
C. The Bespectacled Bear is killed although it is neither a threat to humans nor damage to agriculture.
D. The Bespectacled Bear is killed as it does damage to agriculture and is a threat to humans.
51. She heard the news about her friend’s death. She broke down.
A. She broke down while she was hearing the news about her friend’s death.
B. Having broken down, she heard the news about her friend’s death.
C. She broke down the moment she heard the news about her friend’s death.
D. She broke down the moment when she heard the news about her friend’s death.
52. There were over two hundred people at Carl's trial, most of whom believed that he was not
guilty of the crime.
A. Carl had not committed the crime, and so more than 200 people came to his trial to show their support.
B. When it was announced that Carl had been found not guilty of the crime, there were over 200 people in
the audience at his trial.
C. Over 200 people coming to Carl’s trial must have influenced the fact that he was not found guilty of the
crime.
D. The majority of the more than 200 people at Carl’s trial didn’t think that he had committed the crime.

53. Without skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
A. With skilful surgery, he would have survived the operation.
B. Had it not been for skilful surgery, he would have survived the operation.
C. But for skilful surgery, he would not have survived the operation.
D. He wouldn’t have survived the operation if he hadn’t skilful surgery.
53. Ann had the TV on when her parents entered the room.
A. The TV was on a table in Anne’s room.
B. Anne’s parents told her to turn on the TV.
C. Anne noticed her parents watching TV.
D. Anne’s parents found her watching TV.
54. Fiona has been typing the report for an hour.
A. It took Fiona an hour to type the report.
B. Fiona finished the report an hour ago.
C. Fiona will finish the report in an hour.
D. It is an hour since Fiona started typing the report.
55. “You should have finished the report by now.” John told his secretary.
A. John reproached his secretary for not having finished the report.
B. John said that his secretary had not finished the report.
C. John reminded his secretary of finishing the report on time.
D. John scolded to his secretary for not having finished the report.
56. Madeleine wears high heels to look taller.

A. In order to look taller, Madeleine wears high heels.
B. So that to look taller, Madeleine wears high heels.
C. Madeleine wants high heels to make her taller.
D. Madeleine buys high heels to look taller.
57. “I will pay back the money, Linda,” said Helen.
A. Helen promised to pay back Linda’s money.
B. Helen offered to pay Linda the money back.
C. Helen apologized to Linda for borrowing her money.
D. Helen suggested paying back the money to Linda.
58. Even though some events were cancelled, thousands of people attended the festival.
A. No matter how many people attended the festival, some events were cancelled
B. In spite some cancelled events, thousands of people attended the festival.

C. As some events were cancelled, thousands of people attended the festival.

D. Despite the cancellation of some events, thousands of people attended the festival.
59. You’ve just bought this beautiful dress, haven’t you?
A. How a beautiful dress you’re wearing!
B. You’ve just bought this beautiful dress, haven’t you?
C. When have you got this beautiful dress?
D. What a beautiful dress you have on!
60. It couldn’t have been Mary that you heard shouting last night, as she is vacationing in Vermont
at the moment.
A. I think Mary is on holiday in Vermont now, so you may be wrong in thinking that you heard her yelling
last night.
B. Right now, Mary is having a holiday in Vermont, so it is impossible that it was she whose shouting you
heard last night.
C. Are you sure it was Mary who shouted to you last night, because, as far as I know, she is on vacation in
Vermont at the moment?
D. If it was Mary that you heard yelling last night, then she can’t be taking a vacation in Vermont at the
moment.
61. In my opinion, his early novels weren’t any better than his last one.
A. I believe that the novel he has written recently has failed to draw the public attention.
B. I think he has at last managed to write a really good novel.
C. It seems to me that all his earlier novels were better than his last novel.
D. As far as I’m concerned, this last novel of his is at least as good as any of the earlier ones.
62. Both of the lifts were out of order.
A. Either of the lifts was not in right order.
B. The order of the two lifts was wrong
C. Neither of the lifts was working.
D. Neither of the lifts was in order.
63. He was sentenced to six months in prison for his part in the robbery.
A. He received a six months in prison for his part in the robbery.
B. He received a six-month sentence for his part in the robbery.
C. For his participation in the robbery, he had been in prison for six months.
D. For his participation in the robbery, a prison had been given to him for six months.
64. The burglar might come back. You’d better change all the locks.
A. The burglar will come back unless you change all the locks.

B. If you don’t change all the locks, the burglar could come back.
C. You’d better change all the locks in case the burglar comes back.
D. You’d better change all the locks or the burglar will come back.
65. It is possible that we won't have to take an entrance exam this year.
A. Perhaps we don't have to take an entrance exam this year.
B. We must take an entrance exam this year.
C. We mightn't take an entrance exam this year.
D. It is very likely that we will take an entrance exam this year.
66. The crowd became increasingly angry at the long delay.
A. The crowd became very angry because the delay was so long.
B. The more increasingly the crowd became, the longer the delay was.
C. The longer the delay was, the angrier the crowd became.
D. The more the crowd became angry at the delay, the longer they feel.
67. Marie was worried about the killer. Her husband was only worried about the car.
A. Although Marie was worried about the killer, her husband was still worried about the car.
B. At first, Marie was only worried about the killer and then her husband was worried about the car.
C. Marie was worried about the killer whereas her husband was only worried about the car.
D. Marie was so worried about the killer that her husband was only worried about the car.
68. Some scientists think that a meteor impact, which occurred around 65 million years ago, may
have caused the extinction of the dinasaurs.
A. The extinction of the dinosaurs could only have been caused by a meteor impact
that occurred some 65 million years ago.
B. According to some scientists, the extinction of the dinosaurs was caused by a
meteor that struck Earth 65 million or so years ago.
C. Some scientists reckon that the impact of a meteor that struck Earth some 65
million years ago need not have caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.
D. In the opinion of some scientists, the extinction of the dinosaurs could have been
the result of the impact of a meteor which occurred roughly 65 million years ago.
69. She phoned him early in the morning. She didn’t want him to forget to bring along the
document.
A. She phoned him early in the morning so that he would not forget to bring along the document.
B. She phoned him early in the morning though she didn’t want him to forget to bring along the document.

C. She phoned him early in the morning so that she wanted him to bring along the document.
D. She phoned him early in the morning when she didn’t want him to bring along the document.
70. There are two interesting things I found in The Last Leaf by O. Henry in addition to the general
theme of death and dying.
A. The general theme of death and dying is the most interesting thing I found in The
Last Leaf by O. Henry.
B. In The Last Leaf by O. Henry two interesting things about death and dying are
additional themes I found.
C. The general theme of death and dying is what I found interesting in The Last Leaf
by O. Henry besides the other two things.
D. The general theme of death and dying is one interesting thing I found in The Last
Leaf by O. Henry.
71. I had my seat belt on during an accident last year. I was fortunate not to sustain any injuries.
A. Although I had my seat belt on during an accident last year, I was fortunate not to sustain any injuries.
B. The fact that I had my seat belt on during an accident last year, I was fortunate not to sustain any
injuries.
C. I had my seat belt on during an accident last year; as a result, I was fortunate not to sustain any injuries.
D. Having seat belt on during an accident last year in order that 1 was fortunate not to sustain any injuries.
72. Many have said that if he had not needed the money as a writer, he would have had the freedom
to explore his potential.
A. Many have said that it was the need for money that made him explore his potential.
B. It has been said that without his need for money as a writer, he would have explored
the freedom of his potential.
C. It has been said that because he needed the money as a writer, he didn’t have the
freedom to explore his potential.
D. Many have said that he needed money as a writer more than his freedom to explore
his potential.
73. My father encouraged me in my choice of career. That’s why I become a chef now.
A. It was my father who encouraged me to become a chef otherwise I had chosen another career.
B. Hadn’t my father encouraged me in my ehnice of career. I would become a chef now.
C. If my father hadn’t been courageous, I would never have become a chef now.
D. If it hadn’t been for my father’s encouragement, I wouldn’t become a chef now.
74. When he asked which one I wanted, I said I didn’t mind.

A. He said I could choose between them, but I said it didn’t matter to me.
B. It was up to me to choose between them, but I really didn’t want to.

C. I would have done the choosing if they had asked me to.

D. He wanted me to choose for him and I agreed to do so.
75. Scientists say forests are being destroyed by air pollution.
A. Forests are being destroyed by scientists.
B. Scientists are blamed for destroying forests.
C. Scientists say that there’s much air pollution in the forests.
D. Scientists blame air pollution for the destruction of forests.
76. “May I have some chocolate, mum?” said the boy.

A. The boy asked his mother to have some chocolate.
B. The boy begged his mother to have some chocolate.
C. The boy asked for some chocolate.
D. All are correct.
77. “Get in my car. I’ll take you to go the station,” said he.
A. He promised to give me a lift to the station.
B. He agreed to take me to the station.
C. He suggested to take me to the station.
D. He offered to give me a lift to the station.
78. He makes a better husband than father.

A. Fathers are usually good husbands.
B. He is more successful as a husband than as a father.
C. His father is better than her husband.
D. He tries to be a good husband and father.
79. But for their help, we couldn’t have survived the famine.
A. If they didn’t help us, we couldn’t survive the famine.
B. We survived the famine without their help.
C. If only they had helped us, we could have survived the famine.
D. If they hadn’t helped us, we couldn’t have survived the famine.
80. Despite his inexperience in the field, John applied for the job.
A. John applied for the job because he has experience in the field.
B. John did not apply for the job because of his inexperience in the field.

C. John applied for the job even though he had no experience in the field.
D. John was unable to do the job because he was inexperienced.
81. The robbers made the bank manager hand over the money.
A. The bank manager was forced to hand over the money by the robbers.
B. The bank manager was allowed to hand over the money by the robbers.
C. The bank manager was made hand over the money by the robbers.
D. The robbers helped the bank manager to hand over the money.
82. Ann had the TV on when her parents entered the room.
A. The TV was on a table in Anne’s room.
B. Anne’s parents told her to turn on the TV.
83. Madeleine wears high heels to look taller.
A. In order to look taller, Madeleine wears high heels.
B. So that to look taller, Madeleine wears high heels.
C. Madeleine wants high heels to make her taller.
D. Madeleine buys high heels to look taller.
84. Both of the lifts were out of order.
A. Either of the lifts was not in right order.
B. The order of the two lifts was wrong
C. Neither of the lifts was working.
D. Neither of the lifts was in order.
85. The crowd became increasingly angry at the long delay.
A. The crowd became very angry because the delay was so long.
B. The more increasingly the crowd became, the longer the delay was.
C. The longer the delay was, the angrier the crowd became.
D. The more the crowd became angry at the delay, the longer they feel.
86. That T.V is badly damaged. It cannot be repaired.
A. That T.V is so badly damaged that it cannot be repaired.

B. That T.V is too badly damaged to be repaired.
C. That T. V is so badly damaged that nobody can repair it.
C. All are correct.
87. We cut down many forests. The earth becomes hot.
A. The more we cut forests, the hotter the earth becomes.
B. The more forests we cut down, the hotter the earth becomes.
C. The more we cut forests, the earth becomes hotter.
D. The more forests we cut down, the earth becomes hotter.
88. He felt very tired. However, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
A. He felt so tired that he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
B. Feeling very tired, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
C. As the result of his tiredness, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
D. Tired as he might feel, he was determined to continue to climb up the mountain.
89. The Prime Minister set up a committee of financial experts. They were to help him discuss and
formulate new policies.
A. The Prime Minister, who is a financial expert, set up a committee to discuss and formulate new policies.
B. A committee consisting of financial experts was set up by the Prime Minister to help him discuss and
formulate new policies.
C. The Prime Minister, who was helped by financial experts, set up a committee to discuss and formulate
new policies.
D. A committee consisting of financial experts who were helped by the Prime Minister discussed and
formulated new policies.
90. Some economists argue that new technology causes unemployment. Others feel that it allows
more jobs to be created.
A. Arguing that new technology causes unemployment, other economists feel that it allows more jobs to
be created.
B. Besides the argument that new technology causes unemployment, some economists feel that it allows
C. Some economists argue that new technology causes unemployment whereas others feel that it allows
D. Some economists argue that new technology causes unemployment, so others feel that it allows more
jobs to be created.

91. Peter’s main subject at university is electronics.
A. The university lets Peter major in electronics.
B. Peter thinks electronics is a special subject.
C. Peter majors in electronics at university.
D. Electronics is among the subjects that Peter likes.
92. Thanks to the efforts of environmentalists, people are becoming better aware of the problems of
endangered species.
A. People owe their growing awareness of the problems of endangered species to the efforts of
environmentalists.
B. People have no idea about the problems of endangered species in spite of the efforts of
environmentalists.
C. Environmentalists are expressing their gratitude towards people who are better aware of the problems of
endangered species.
D. Environmentalists are doing their best to make people aware of the problems of endangered species.
93. Although the teacher explained the theory clearly, the students found it hard to understand it.
A. Though explained clearly, the theory of teaching was difficult to the students.
B. Despite the teacher’s clear explanation of the theory, the students had difficulty understanding it.
C. Although the teaching theory was clear, it was a real challenge to the students.
D. In spite of explaining the theory clearly, the students themselves found it hard to understand it.
94. I could not get the job because I did not speak English well.
A. I failed to get the job because of my poor English.
B. Despite my poor English, I was successful in the job.
C. I wish I had got the job so that I could speak English well.
D. I would have spoken English well if I could get that job.
95. I wish I hadn’t accepted the invitation to her birthday party.
A. I insisted on having been invited to her birthday party.
B. I was very glad to accept the invitation to her birthday party.
C. I regret accepting the invitation to her birthday party.
D. If only I had come to her birthday party.
96. “How brave you are!” he said to the firemen.

A. He asked how brave the firemen were.
B. He blamed the firemen for their discouragement.
C. He criticized the firemen for their discouragement.
D. He praised the firemen for their courage.
97. I would have worn the right shoes if I had known I was going to do all this climbing.
A. I did not go climbing because I did not have the right shoes.
B. As I did not know I was going to do so much climbing, I did not wear suitable shoes.
C. I would have gone on the climb if I had been wearing the right shoes.
D. I would love to go climbing, but I do not have any shoes that would be suitable.
98. The man in that painting reminds me of my uncle.
A. Memories of my uncle come back whenever I see the man in that painting.
B. I am recalling my uncle whenever I look at the man in that painting.
C. Whenever my uncle sees the man in that painting, he misses me.
D. Whenever I see the man in that painting, I remember to meet my uncle.
99. No one but Jane succeeded in giving the correct answer.
A. All but Jane managed to produce the correct answer.
B. Only Jane failed to answer the question correctly.
C. Jane was among those who failed to guess the answer.
D. Everyone but Jane failed to provide the correct answer.
100. A small hotel was the only choice of place to stay at during my trip to London.
A. There were a lot of hotels for me to choose from during my trip to London.
B. I was talked into staying at a small hotel during my trip to London.
C. I had no alternative but to stay at a small hotel during my trip to London.
D. I had different choices of where to stay during my trip to London.
Exercise 4:
1. There’s no point in persuading Jane to change her mind.

A. No one wants Jane to change her mind because it’s pointless.
B. It’s possible for us to persuade Jane to change her mind.

C. Jane will change her mind though she doesn’t want to.
D. It’s useless to persuade Jane to change her mind.
2. She said, “John, I’ll show you round my city when you’re here.”
A. She made a trip round her city with John.
B. She promised to show John round her city.
C. She planned to show John round her city.
D. She organized a trip round her city for John.
3. Peter had very little money but managed to make ends meet.
A. Having little money, Peter couldn’t make ends meet.
B. Peter could hardly live on little money.
C. Peter got by on very little money.
D. Peter found it hard to live on very little money.
4. The deciding match of the series will take place tomorrow afternoon, weather permitting.
A. Even if the weather is bad, tomorrow’s match, which will decide the winner of the series, will be
played.
B. The weather will probably not permit the match to be played tomorrow afternoon.
C. It would be unfortunate if the weather did not permit tomorrow’s match to be played, as it will
determine the winner.
D. The match that will determine the series’ winner will be played tomorrow afternoon if the weather is
fine.
5. The man wanted to get some fresh air in the room. He opened the window.
A. The man wanted to get some fresh air in the room because he opened the window.
B. The man opened the window in order to get some fresh air in the room.
C. The man got some fresh air in the room, even though he opened the window.
D. Having opened the window, the room could get some fresh air.
6. They didn't discover that the picture had been stolen until they came back home.
A. Not until they came back home had the picture been stolen.
B. Only after they came back home did they discover that the picture had been stolen.
C. Until they came back home that they discovered that the picture had been stolen.
D. It is not until they came back home that they discovered that the picture had been
stolen
7. It is not possible to be constantly on good terms with all of the people around you.
A. You may, from time to time, not get along with some of the individuals around you.
B. It may not be possible all the time, but at least you can try to be on good terms with the people around
you.

C. Though it seems difficult, you should try to get on well with all the people around you.
D. Having conflict with the people around you is inevitable, but you ought to try to be on good terms with
most of them.
8. The plan may be ingenious. It will never work in practice.

A. Ingenious as it may be, the plan will never work in practice.
B. Ingenious as may the plan, it will never work in practice.
C. The plan may be too ingenious to work in practice.
D. The plan is as impractical as it is ingenious.
9. The manager contributes generously, so I can continue my plan.

A. The manager's generous contribution gets my plan continue.
B. Should the manager contribute generously, I could continue my plan.
C. But for the manager's generous contribution, I couldn't continue my plan.
D. Had it not been for the manager's generous contribution, I couldn't continue my plan.
10. My purpose in calling this meeting is to present the latest sales figures.
A. I have called this meeting in order to present the latest sales figures.
B. I aimed to call this meeting because I wanted to know the latest sales figures.
C. I have called this meeting in order that I would present the latest sales figures.
D. A and C
11. But for his father’s early retirement, Richard would not have taken over the family’s business.
A. Richard only took over the family’s business because his father decided to retire early.
B. Richard didn’t take over the family’s business because his father decided to retire.
C. His father retired early, but he ran the family’s business.
D. Richard’s father didn’t want him to take over the family’s business despite his retirement.
12. You can cancel your ticket with a full refund only if you do so one week before your scheduled
departure.
A. In order to get all the money you’ve paid for the ticket back, the cancellation has to be done seven days
prior to your plane’s scheduled take-off.
B. When you purchase a ticket for a flight, it’s impossible to get a refund on it in advance of the date that
your flight will be leaving.
C. You can apply for a full refund for your ticket within a week if you’ve had a change of plans and can’t
make the flight.
D. When a flight has been cancelled by the airlines, you must ask for a full refund within one week of the
date of departure.
13. I find myself at a loss to understand Harold’s behavior.

A. I lost contact with Harold, so I couldn’t understand his behavior.
B. I have to lose a lot to understand Harold’s behavior.

C. I understood Harold’s behavior completely.

D. I find Harold’s behavior quite incomprehensible.
14. With the exception of the music teacher every member of the staff attended the farewell party.
A. The music teacher was very exceptional at the farewell party.
B. All the staff members including the music teacher attended the farewell party.
C. The music teacher was the only member of the staff not to attend the farewell party.
D. All of the above.
A. The hostess tried hard to please her guests.
B. Neither the guests nor the hostess had food or drinks.
D. The hostess was reluctant to offer her guests food and drinks.
16. David may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.
A. David’s poor health doesn’t prevent him from enjoying life.
B. Although David may not have good health but he still manages to enjoy life.
C. Not having good health doesn’t prevent David from enjoying life.
D. What prevented David from enjoying life is his bad health.

A. Insurance is twice as difficult to sell to women as to men.
B. Women are twice as likely as men to have sold insurance.
C. Male insurance agents outnumber female agents.
D. More men than women have insurance.

A. The meeting lasted much longer than usual.
C. There was not enough time to hold the meeting.
D. The meeting started earlier because people wanted to leave early.
19. We cut down many forests. The Earth becomes hot.

A. The more forests we cut down, the hotter the Earth becomes.
B. The more we cut down forests, the hotter the Earth becomes.
C. The more forests we cut down, the Earth becomes hotter.
D. The more we cut down forests, the Earth becomes hotter.
20. The fox tried, but was unsuccessful in reaching the grapes.
A. Despite of the effort he made, the fox found the grapes impossible to reach.
B. The fox tried in vain to reaching the grapes.

C. Try as he may, the fox failed to reach the grapes.
D. Hard as he tried, the fox couldn’t reach the grapes.
21. He didn’t take his father’s advice. That’s why he is out of work.
A. If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not have been out of work.
B. If he took his father’s advice, he would not be out of work.
C. If he had taken his father’s advice, he would not be out of work.
D. If he takes his father’s advice, he will not be out of work.
22. You don’t try to work hard. You will fail in the exam.
A. Unless you don’t try to work hard, you will fail in the exam.
B. Unless you try to work hard, you won’t fail in the exam.
C. Unless you try to work hard, you will fail in the exam.
D. Unless do you try to work hard, you will fail in the exam.
23. Friendly though he may seem, he’s not to be trusted.

A. He’s too friendly to be trusted.
B. However he seems friendly, he’s not to be trusted.
C. He may have friends, but he’s not to be trusted.
D. However friendly he seems, he’s not to be trusted.
24. She is studying not only English but also French.
A. She isn’t studying English, but she is studying French.
B. She is studying both English and French.
C. She likes both English and French.
D. English and French are her favorite subjects.
25. As an excuse for being late, she made up a whole story.
A. She apologized for being late by inventing a whole story.
B. A whole story was her excuse for being late.
C. Making up a whole story, she said sorry for being late.
D. An excuse for being late was her whole story.
26. If cigarettes were more expensive, people would give up smoking.

A. People would smoke less if cigarettes were more expensive.
B. People would stop smoking if cigarettes cost more.

C. If cigarettes were double the price, no one would smoke.

D. If the price of cigarettes were higher, fewer people would smoke.
27. Don’t assume that he will help you.

A. You should take his help for granted.
B. He will certainly help you.
C. You shouldn’t take his help for granted.
D. His help is not necessary.
28. No matter how hard I tried I couldn’t open door.
A. Try as hard as I might, I couldn’t open the door.
B. Although I try, I couldn’t open the door.
C. It is difficult for me to open the door.
D. I could open the door with difficulty.
29. It’s pointless to have this car repaired.

A. This car should be repaired.
B. This car is not worth being repaired.
C. This car is difficult to be repaired.
D. You needn’t repair this car.
30. Hardly anybody applied for the job.

A. Hardly anybody applied for the job.
B. Anybody found it hard to apply for the job.
C. Few applicants were suitable for the job.
D. There were very few applicants for the job.
31. I did not read his book. I did not understand what the lecturer was saying.
A. What the lecturer wrote and said was too difficult for me to understand.
B. I found it very difficult to understand what the lecturer said in his book.
C. The lecturer’s book which I had not read was difficult to understand.
D. I would have understood what the lecturer was saying if I had read his book.
32. I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night.

A. I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night.
B. I promise to finish all my homework from now on.
C. I regret to say that I finished my homework last night.
D. I wish I didn’t have to do my homework last night.
33. I expect that he will get there by lunchtime.

A. At any rate, he must get there by lunchtime.
B. I expect him to get there by lunchtime.
C. He will get there by lunchtime with me.
D. I don't want him to get there by lunchtime.
34. His irresponsible attitude is putting his career in jeopardy.

A. He is so irresponsible that he has no career.
B. His irresponsible attitude is endangering his career.
C. His career is to jeopardize his irresponsible attitude.
D. He is irresponsibly putting his career in danger of ruin.
35. The result was so disappointing that she burst out crying.
A. So disappointing about the result was she that she burst out crying.
B. She was so disappointing about the result that she burst out crying.
C. It was such a disappointing result that she burst out crying.
D. She was such disappointed about the result that she burst out crying.
36. “Shall I help you with the washing-up, Jane?” John said.
A. John told Jane to help him with the washing-up.
B. John asked if Jane should help him with the washing-up.
C. John suggested helping Jane with the washing-up.
D. John offered to help Jane with the washing-up.
37. “What will you do if you have ten days off school?” he asked.
A. He asked me what will I do if I have ten days off school.
B. He asked what I will do if I have ten days off school.
C. He asked me what I would do if I had ten days off school.
D. He asked what would I do if I had ten days off school.
38. After Einstein’s theory of relativity, people began to perceive the universe in a different way.
A. Einstein’s theory of relativity confirmed many ideas about how the universe began.
B. Until Einstein’s theory of relativity, people knew hardly anything about the universe.
C. Following Einstein’s theory of relativity, people realized that the universe was changing constantly.
D. Einstein’s theory of relativity introduced people to a new manner of seeing the universe.

39. “You’d better apologize for being so rude.” said my friend.

A. My friend advised me to apologize for being so rude.
B. My friend offered me to apologize for being so rude.
C. My friend warned me to apologize for being so rude.
D. My friend suggested me apologizing for being so rude.
40. The boys must have gone to the sports ground.
A. The boys were forced to go to the sports ground.
B. The boys probably went to the sports ground.
C. The boys had better go to the sports ground.
D. The boys insisted on going to the sports ground.
41. “Good morning, Mary! How are you?” Henry said.

A. Henry said good morning Mary and asked how was she.
B. Henry greeted Mary and asked how is she.
C. Henry said good morning and asked Mary how she is.
D. Henry greeted Mary and asked how she was.
42. “Please don’t leave until I come back,” Sarah said.

A. Sarah told us do not leave until she comes back.
B. Sarah asked us not leave until she came back.
C. Sarah told us not to leave until she came back.
D. Sarah said to us to not leave until she comes back.
43. Tom was too surprised to say a word.
A. Tom was such surprise that he couldn’t say a word.
B. Surprised as he was, Tom couldn’t say a word.
C. So surprised was Tom that he couldn’t say a word.
D. Tom was so surprised that he could say a word.
44. It is said that two men were arrested after the explosion.
A. People said two men be arrested after the explosion.
B. Two men are said to be arrested after the explosion.
C. Two men are said to have been arrested after the explosion.
D. Two men were said to be arrested after the explosion.
45. While I sympathize with your problem, there is nothing I can do to help.
A. Perhaps I can help you if you tell me more about your problem.
B. Since I have no idea about your problem, I cannot be of any assistance.

C. I can’t do anything for you, though I understand what you are going through.
D. I would like to help you sort out this problem, but I won’t.
46. The court found the man innocent of murdering his wife.
A. The court found a murdered man and his wife.
B. The court decided that the man had killed his wife.
C. The man was found murdered by his wife.
D. The man was judged not guilty of killing his wife.
47. “Cigarette?” he asked. “No, thanks,” I said.

A. He asked for a cigarette, and I immediately refused.
B. He mentioned a cigarette, so I thanked him.
C. He offered a cigarette, but I promptly declined.
D. He asked if I was smoking, and I denied at once.
48. The burglar was caught red-handed by the police when he broke into the flat.
A. The police caught the burglar when breaking into the flat.
B. When the burglar had broken into the flat, the police caught him at once.
C. The police caught the burglar breaking into the flat.
D. The police caught the burglar to break into the flat.
49. Don’t let her treat you like that.

A. She isn’t let treat you like that.
B. You are not let be treated by her like that.
C. Don’t allow you to be treated like that by her.
D. Don’t let yourself be treated by her like that.
50. Only customers with coupons may use the service.

A. The service is available for coupons only.
B. The service is restricted to customers in possession of coupons.
C. Only rich customers can use the service.
D. Only customers with coupons are serviced here.
51. They couldn’t climb up the mountain because of the storm.
A. Their climbing up the mountain was unable due to the storm.
B. The storm made them impossible to climb up the mountain.
C. The storm discouraged them from climbing up the mountain.
D. The storm made it not capable of climbing up the mountain.

52. It’s pointless to try and call him at this hour.

A. There is no point in calling his this late.
B. To try and call him at this hour is inconvenient.
C. It’s waste of time trying to call him at this hour.
D. Don’t point at him when you call him at this hour.
53. The holiday wouldn’t have cost so much if they hadn’t gone abroad.
A. They went abroad for the holiday and spent a lot.
B. They didn’t go abroad for the holiday, so they didn’t spent much.
C. They had a holiday abroad at a very low cost.
D. The holiday cost as much as a foreign holiday would have cost.
54. He is said to have escaped to another country.
A. He said he has escaped to another country.
B. It is another country that he has escaped.
C. He is told to escape to another country.
D. It is said that he has escaped to another country.
55. Mrs. Mason said: “Janet may have gone to the cinema”
A. She knew Janet had gone to the cinema.
B. She wasn’t sure where Janet had gone.
C. Janet was allowed to go to the cinema.
D. Janet had certainly not gone to the cinema.
56. My daughter is looking forward to seeing her friend.
A. My daughter feels bored because she is going to see her friend soon.
B. My daughter is being looked after while her friend is abroad.
C. My daughter does not want to see her friend again.
D. My daughter is expecting to see her friend.
57. It last rained three months ago.

A. It didn’t rain for three months.
B. It hadn’t rained three months before.
C. It has rained for three months.
D. It hasn’t rained for three months.
58. David drove so fast; it was very dangerous.

A. David drove so fast, then was very dangerous.
B. David drove so fast and was very dangerous.
C. David drove so fast that was very dangerous.
D. David drove so fast, which was very dangerous.

59. The demand was so great that they had to print the book immediately.
A. So great was the demand that they had to reprint the book immediately.
B. So great the demand was that they had to reprint the book immediately.
C. So great was the demand so they had to reprint the book immediately.
D. So great the demand was, they had to reprint the book immediately.
60. There aren’t many other books which explain this problem so well.
A. This book is very well explained and had no problem.
B. In few other books would one see this problem so well explained.
C. This is the only book which explains the problem so well.
D. This problem is explained very well in this book as well as in many other books.
61. When we crossed the Alps, we couldn't see Mont Blanc because of the rain.
A. If it had been raining we could have seen Mont Blanc.
B. If it hadn't been raining we could have seen Mont Blanc.
C. If it hasn't been raining we could have seen Mont Blanc.
D. If it hadn't been raining we couldn't have seen Mont Blanc.
62. French is the only language other than English spoken on five continents.
A. Worldwide, French is the most widely taught second language after English.
B. French and English are the only languages that are spoken on five continents.
C. Before English, French was the only language spoken on five continents.
D. Unlike French, English is spoken on five continents.
63. He used to write home once a week.

A. He enjoys writing home every week.
B. He never fails to write a weekly letter to home.
C. He doesn't now write home once a week.
D. He was force to write home every week.
64. Peter managed to get promoted to the job of Office Manager because he worked extremely hard.
A. By working extremely hard Peter managed to get promoted to the job of office Manager
B. By working extremely hard Peter manages to get promote to the job of Office Manager
C. By working extremely hard Peter had managed to get promoted to the job of Office Manager
D. By working extremely hard Peter has been managed to get promoted to the job of Office Manager
65. People in our community no longer smoke as much as they used to.
A. People in our community no longer smoke.
B. Smoking is no longer as popular as it used to be in our community.
C. People in our community don’t smoke any longer.
D. People in our community used to smoke far less than they do now.
66. “No, it wasn’t me who stole the money,” she said.

A. She insisted that she hadn’t stolen the money.
B. She denied not having taken the money.
C. She refused to steal the money.
D. She admitted to not having taken the money.
67. In the event that nuclear weapons being used, we are all doomed.
A. If it should happen that nuclear weapons are used, we are all doomed.
B. We are all doomed to die in nuclear war.
C. That nuclear war is unavoidable and will doom us all.
D. That nuclear weapons will doom us all is unbelievable.
68. David broke his leg and couldn’t play in the final.
A. But for his broken leg, David couldn’t have played in the final.
B. If David didn’t break his leg, he could play in the final.
C. David couldn’t play in the final due to his broken leg.
D. If David hadn’t broken his leg, he could play in the final now.
69. He will always regret not accepting the opportunity to go to university.

A. He wanted to go to university as an opportunity to accept knowledge.
B. He turned down the opportunity to go to university and never feels sorry fot it.
C. He will always wish that he hadn’t turned down the opportunity to go to university.
D. The opportunity to go to university was not for him.
70. He shouldn’t expect to know everything on the test.

A. He should have studied every word that was on the test.
B. He shouldn’t take the test because he didn’t study well enough.
C. The test will seem easy if he studies more.
D. The test will probably ask some questions that are difficult for him.
71. Guiding us through the museum, the director gave us a special explanation.
A. The director guided us through the museum while he was giving us a special explanation.
B. Guiding us through the museum, a special explanation was given to us by the director.
C. While the director was guiding us through the museum, he gave us a special explanation.
D. The director guided us through the museum and was giving us a special explanation.
72. I have not seen a more wonderful building anywhere else.

A. Nowhere else have I seen a more wonderful building.
B. Nowhere I have seen a more wonderful building.
C. Anywhere else haven’t I seen a more wonderful building.
D. Anywhere have I not seen a more wonderful building else.

73. She asked if I had passed the English test the week before.
A. “Had you passed the English test the week before?” she asked.
B. “Have you passed the English test the week before?” she asked.
C. “Did you pass the English test last week?” she asked.
D. “If you passed the English test last week,” she asked.
74. Why don’t you have your house redecorated, Mike?” said John.
A. John requested Mike to redecorate his house himself.
B. John asked why Mike didn’t redecorate his house.
C. John suggested that Mike should have his house redecorated.
D. John persuaded Mike to have his house redecorated.
75. “How brave you are!” he said to the firemen.
A. He praised the firemen for their courage.
B. He condemned the firemen for their discouragement.
C. He blamed the firemen for their discouragement.
D. He asked the firemen how brave they were.
76. The students exclaimed that the final test was so difficult.
A. “How difficult is the final test?” the students said.
B. “How difficult the final test is!” the students said.
C. “What’s a difficult final test?” the students said.
D. “What a final test it is so difficult,” the students said.
77. “Be careful; the steps are very slippery,” I said to him.
A. I warned him to be careful as the steps were very slippery.
B. I suggested being careful as the steps were very slippery.
C. I threatened him to be careful and said the steps were very slippery.
D. I told him be careful and the steps were very slippery.
78. Chris really needs help in solving this problem; otherwise he will be in trouble.
A. Chris could really use some help in solving this problem to stay out of trouble.
B. Chris could need help in solving this problem to stay out of trouble.
C. The problem is so complex that no one could help Chris in solving it.
D. Chris helps his friend solve the problem so that he is not in trouble.
79. Sorry, I took you for someone else.

A. Sorry, I made a mistake in taking you to someone else.
B. Sorry, I took you instead of somebody else.
C. Sorry, I thought you were somebody else.
D. Sorry, I asked somebody else to take you.

80. Dave had to take a cut in pay to keep from losing his job.
A. Dave’s salary was lowered.
B. Dave lost his job and had to cut in pay.
C. Dave had an accident one the job.
D. Dave was given a salary increase.
81. The doctor said, ‘You really ought to rest for a few days, Jasmine’.
A. It is the doctor’s recommendation that Jasmine rested shortly.
B. Jasmine’s doctor insisted that she should rest for a few days.
C. The doctor strongly advised Jasmine to take a few days’ rest.
D. The doctor suggested that Jasmine should take a short rest.
82. He makes a better husband than father.

A. Fathers are usually good husbands.
B. He is more successful as a husband than as a father.
C. His father is better than her husband.
D. He tries to be a good husband and father.
83. I wish Geogre had come to Italy with us.

A. I am pleased that Geogre came to Italy with us.
B. I am sorry that Geogre isn’t going to Italy with us.
C. I hope that Geogre will go to Italy with us.
D. I am sorry that Geogre didn’t come to Italy with us.
84. “If I were you, I would not choose to write about such a sensitive topic,” the teacher said.
A. I was ordered by the teacher not to write about such a sensitive topic.
B. The teacher advised me on writing about such a sensitive topic.
C. The teacher advised me against writing about such a sensitive topic.
D. I was blamed for writing about such a sensitive topic by the teacher.
85. You can enrich your knowledge by listening to the radio.

A. Listening to the radio makes you know less.
B. Listening to the radio makes you know more.
C. Listening to the radio enables you to be rich.
D. Listening to the radio makes your knowledge rich.
86. You should have persuaded him to change his mind.

A. It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn’t.
B. You didn’t persuade him to change because of his mind.
C. You should persuade him to change his mind.
D. You persuaded him to change his mind but he didn’t listen.
87. “It’s the excessive number of songs that makes my laptop crash.” said Tim.

A. Tim refused to save more songs on his laptop to avoid crash.
B. Tim blamed the excessive number of songs for the crash of his laptop.
C. Tim insisted that the songs be deleted from his laptop to avoid crash.
D. Tim advised me not to save so many songs that his laptop crashed.
88. “You're always making terrible mistakes”, said the teacher.

A. The teacher asked his students why they always made terrible mistakes.
B. The teacher realized that his students always made terrible mistakes.
C. The teacher complained about his students making terrible mistakes.
D. The teacher made his students not always make terrible mistakes.
89. He was suspected to have stolen credit cards. The police have investigated him for days.
A. Suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
B. Suspecting to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
C. Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
D. He has investigated for days, suspected to have stolen credit cards.
90. Anne had the TV on when her parents entered the room.
A. Anne’s parents told her to turn on the TV.
B. The TV was on a table in Anne’s room
91. When the unemployment rate is high, the crime rate is usually also high.
A. The unemployment rate and the crime rate are both higher.
B. The higher the unemployment rate is, the higher the crime rate is.
C. The unemployment rate is as high as the crime rate.
D. The high rate of unemployment depends on the high rate of crime.
92. The writer Kate Millett was forced to stay in a psychiatric hospital by her family.
A. Together with her family, the writer Kate Millett was made to go into a psychiatric hospital.
B. Problems with her family made the writer Kate Millett go to a psychiatric hospital.
C. The writer Kate Millett’s family made her stay in a psychiatric hospital.
D. The family of the writer Kate Millett convinced her to remain in a psychiatric hospital.
93. It was not only cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
A. Not only was it cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
B. Was it not only cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
C. It was not only cold but did it also snow a few days ago.
D. Not only it was cold but did it also snow a few days ago.

94. We bought two bicycles. Neither of them worked well.

A. We bought two bicycles, of which neither worked well.
B. We bought two bicycles neither of which worked well.
C. We bought two bicycles, neither of which worked well.
D. We bought two bicycles which neither of worked well.
95. He’ll know if he’s got the position or not sometime before 5 o’clock today.
A. If they decide to accept him for the position, they’ll contact him around 5 o’clock today.
B. If he has been accepted for the position, he will receive the confirmation at around 5 p.m today.
C. By 5 p.m today he’ll be informed about whether he’s been accepted for the position.
D. Although it seems certain that he will be accepted, the decision won’t be made known to him until 5
o’clock.
96. If it hadn’t been for his carelessness, we would have finished the work.
A. If her were careful, we would finish the work.
B. He was careless because he hadn’t finished the work.
C. Because he wasn’t careless, we didn’t finish the work.
D. If he had been more careful, we would have completed the work.
97. Although the doctor had recommended several treatments, Carol was still unsure which one to
choose.
A. The doctor had recommended many different treatments, but Carol didn’t like any of them.
B. Though several treatments were suggested by Carol’s doctor, she couldn’t understand how any of them
would help.
C. Carol didn’t know which treatment she should select from among the options her doctor had given her.
D. Choosing the best available treatment for Carol’s illness was a difficult choice for her doctor to make.
98. Sara must have been sleeping; otherwise, she would have heard the window break.
A. I’m pretty sure that Sara was asleep at the time, because she didn’t hear the window smash.
B. Sara was sleeping so deeply that she wouldn’t even have heard a window breaking.
C. If she had been sleeping, Sara would have missed the sound of the breaking window.
D. The window broke while Sara was about to fall asleep, but she wasn’t aware of it.
99. Adults laugh less than children, probably because they play less.
A. No matter how much adults play, they can’t laugh more than children.
B. Since adults have less time playing games, they don’t laugh as much as children.
C. Unlike adults children laugh more while play games.

D. The reason why adults laugh less than children might be that they play less.
100. Jane refused to attend his birthday party, which made him feel sad.
A. Jane’s refusal to attend his birthday party made him feel sad.
B. Jane made him sad despite her refusal to attend his birthday party.
C. He felt sad not to be able to attend her birthday party.
D. Jane refused to attend his birthday party because it made him feel sad.

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GV: Nguyễn Quỳnh Trang Facebook: lopcoquynhtrang

Lý thuyết & bài tập

Sưu tầm và Biên soạn bởi cô NGUYỄN QUỲNH TRANG

Các dạng chính:

1. Biến đổi thời thì của câu

Chủ yếu: chuyển từ thì QKĐ khác sang thì HTHT

=> S + have/has + P2 / been Ving+ for / since …

Ví dụ: I started learning English 5 years ago.

 I have learned English for 5 years.

1.2. S + last + V (past) + time + ago: Lần cuối cùng làm gì

=> S + have/ has + not + PII+ for + time

=> It’s + time + since + S + last + V (past).

=> The last time + S + V (past) + was + time + ago.

Ví dụ: I last met John 10 months ago.

 I haven’t met John for 10 months.

 It’s 10 months since I last met John.

 The last time I met John was 10 months ago.

=> S +have/ has + never + PII + before

=> S+ have/ has not + PII + before

Ví dụ: This is the first time I have played this sport.

 I have never played this sport before.

 I have not played this sport before.

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1.4. This is the Superlative (…est/ most ADJ N) S +have/has+PII

=> S + have/ has + never + PII + such a/an + ADJ+ N

=> S + have/ has never + PII + a more + ADJ + N than this

Ví dụ: That is the most interesting story she have read.

2. Sử dụng cấu trúc đảo ngữ

Ví dụ: It rained heavily right after he went out.

 Hardy had he gone out when it rained heavily.

 No sooner had he gone out than it rained heavily.

2.2. No longer + đảo ngữ = no more + V

Ví dụ: No longer does he smoke.

2.3. At no time + đảo ngữ = never V

Ví dụ: Jame never visits his grandfather.

 At no time does Jame visit his grandfather.

2.4. Not only + đảo ngữ + but + S + also + V…

3. Sử dụng thể gián tiếp

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3.2. Câu trần thuật

 He said that he would go to Japan the next month.

4. Sử dụng giả định thức

- I wish I had a car (The fact that I don't have a car)

- I wish they would stop making noise.

4.3. "As if/ as though" sentence:

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c) As if/as though + present tense: diễn đạt hành động có thật

a) Các tính từ giả định:

- It is necessary that he FIND the books

b) Các động từ giả định:

- The doctor suggested that she give up smoking.

5. Sử dụng dạng bị động

 This car was bought last year.

 Martin was said to be the richest person in the village.

6. Sử dụng mệnh đề quan hệ

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6.2. Dạng rút gọn bằng HTPT và QKPT

7. Một số cấu trúc thông dụng khác

Ví dụ: The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go to the movie.

=> Doing sth be ADJ (for sb)

=> S find Ving/ it/ N + ADJ to do sth

Ví dụ: It’s important for him to attend the Englis classes.