1 Edition By Kik

Phase Transformations

Phase Transformation <7 >

Kinetics of Solid-State Reactions

1)

2)

1) (Nucleation)
2) (Growth)
logarithm scale y() log

y 1 e kt

k n
NOTE: y = 0.5 t t 0.5

1
t 0.5

Ae RT

R = gas constant
T = Temperature (K)
A =
Q =

1
t 0.5

1 Edition By Kik

10.6 For some transformation having kinetics that obey the Avrami equation
(Equation 10.17), the parameter n is known to have a value of 1.5. If, after 125 s,
the reaction is 25% complete, how long (total time) will it take the transformation
to go to 90% completion?
k n = 1.5, t = 125 s, y = 25/100 = 0.25

y 1 e kt

0.25 1 e k(125)
1.5
e k(125) 0.75
k(125)1.5 ln(0.75)
ln(0.75)
2.06 104
k
1.5
125
1.5

Take ln

t y = 0.9

0.9 1 e(2.0610
t1.5 11177.6

2/3

32

t2 3

2
(11177.6) 3

)t1.5

500 sec

Supercooling & Superheating

Supercooling:
Superheating:

(/)

Microstructural and Property <17 >

Isothermal Transformation Diagrams
T-T-T (time-temperaturetransformation)

1 Edition By Kik
austenite
1) Pearlite 2
1.1) Coarse pearlite Temp( TE ), ,
1.2) Fine pearlite Temp, ,
2) Bainite ( C)

proeutectoid
phase Bainite
NOTE:
pearlite bainite
austenite

austenite

3) Spheroidite
cementite( Fe3C ) ferrite( )
pearlite bainite

ferrite cementite
4) Martensite

(, quench)
body-centered tetragonal (BCT)

Athermal transformation
Martensite

dislocation

1 Edition By Kik

A = Austenite
P = Pearlite
B = Bainite
M = Martensite

50%

Cr Ni Mo W

F = proeutectoid ferrite

1 Edition By Kik

Continuous Cooling Transformation Diagrams (CCT)

CCT diagram eutectoid

Fe-C alloy

CCT diagram
hypoeutectoid Fe-C alloy

NOTE: C

1 Edition By Kik

1) Pearlite
cementite( Fe3C ) ferrite( ) cementite

fine pearlite() coarse pearlite()

Fe3C cementite ferrite

dislocation fine pearlite

1 Edition By Kik
2) Spheroidite ()

(strength) (hardness) pearlite

3) Bainite

pearlite

4) Martensite

BCT
5) Tempered martensite
martensite
(tempering) tempered martensite
Martensite (BCT, single phase) Tempered martensite ( Fe3C phase)

tempered martensite Spheroidite (

) cementite ( Fe3C ) ferrite ( ) tempered
martensite
ferritecementite

1 Edition By Kik

Mn, Ni, Cr

1. 2. 575 C 375 C
()

1 Edition By Kik

Strength: Martensite > Tempered martensite > Bainite > fine pearlite >
coarse pearlite > Spheroide
Ductility: Martensite < Tempered martensite < Bainite < fine pearlite <
coarse pearlite < Spheroide