Code.

No: 44008

R07

SET-1

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD II .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES II (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING) Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1.a) b) Give the concept of single phase ideal transformer. Describe its performance with the help of neat phasor diagram. A 3300/230V, 50Hz, 1-phase transformer is to be work at maximum flux density of 1.2 wb/m2 in the core is 150 cm2. Calculate suitable value of primary and secondary turns. [8+8] Discuss the effect of variable frequency and supply voltage on iron loss and performance of the transformer. A 400/200 V, single-phase terns former is supplying a load of 50A at a power factor of 0.866 lagging. The no load current is 2A at 0.208 pf lagging. Calculate the iron loss, primary current and primary power factor. [8+8] Describe the tests to be done on a single phase transformer to determine the equivalent circuit parameters. A 100 KVA lighting transformer has a full load loss of 3KW, the losses being equally divided between iron and copper. During the day, the transformer operates on full-load for 3 hours, three-fourth full load for 6 hours, the output being negligible for the remainder of the day. Calculate the all-day efficiency. [8+8] What is the difference between no-load and on-load tap changers? Describe the no-load tap changer with suitable diagram. In a Scott connection, calculate the values of line currents on the three-phase side, if the loads on the 2-phase side are 300 KW and 450KW, both at 100V and 0.707 p.f. (lag) and the 3-phase line voltage is 3,300V. The 300KW load is on the leading phase on the 2-phase side. Neglect transformer losses. [8+8] Mathematically prove the production of rotating magnetic field in a poly phase induction machine. In case of an 8-pole induction motor the supply frequency was 50 Hz and the shaft speed was 735 rpm. Compute i) Synchronous speed ii) Slip speed per unit slip iii) Percentage slip [8+8]

2.a) b)

3.a) b)

4.a) b)

5.a) b)

6.a)

Sketch a typical torque-speed characteristic of an induction motor. How is this characteristic modified if i) Its rotor circuit resistance is increased ii) Its rotor circuit reactance is increased. A 6-pole, 50Hz, 3-phase, induction motor running on full load with 4% slip develops a torque of 149.3 N-m at its pulley rim. The friction and wind age losses are 200W and the stator copper and iron losses equal 1620W. Calculate i) Output power ii) Rotor Cu loss and iii) The efficiency at full-load. [8+8] 415V, 29.84 KW, 50Hz, delta connected motor game has the following test data. No-load : 415V, 21A, 1250W Blocked rotor test : 100V, 45A, 2730W Construct the circuit diagram and determine the line current and power factor for rated output. Calculate the minimum torque. Assume stator and rotor copper losses equal at standstill. [8+8] Write short notes on i) Star-delta starter ii) Speed control of induction motor. *********

b)

7.a)

b)

8.

[16]

Code.No: 44008

R07

SET-2

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD II .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES II (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING) Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1.a) b) Describe the constructional details of single phase transformers. A 40 KVA, 3300/240, 50Hz 1-phase transformer has 660 turns on the primary. Determine the maximum value of flux in the core. And also find the approximate value of primary and secondary full load currents. [8+8] What is efficiency of a transformer? Discuss about various losses in a transformer. A 30 KVA, 2400/120V, 50Hz transformer has a high voltage winding resistance of .22 . The low voltage winding resistance is 0.035 and leakage reactance is 0.012 . Find the equivalent circuit parameters when referred to the low voltage side. [8+8] Derive an expression for computing the per unit voltage regulation of a transformer both for lagging and leading power factors. The following results were obtained from tests on 300/110V, 0.5 A, 350W. Calculate the efficiency of the transformer at full load with 0.8 power factor (lagging). [8+8] Describe the two possible ways of connections of 3-phase transformers with relevant relations amongst voltage and currents. In a Scott connection, calculate the values of line currents on the three-phase side, if the loads on the 2-phase side are 300 KW and 450KW, both at 100V and 0.707 p.f. (lag) and the 3-phase line voltage is 3,300V. The 300KW load is on the leading phase on the 2-phase side. Neglect transformer losses. [8+8] Explain the operation of a poly phase induction motor. A 6-pole, 50Hz squirrel cage induction motor runs on load at a shaft speed of 970 rpm. Calculate i) Percentage slip ii) The frequency of the induced current in the rotor. [8+8] Explain the terns air-gap power pg, internal mechanical power developed pm and shaft power Psh. Deduce a relation between them. The useful full load torque of 3-phase, 6-pole, and 50Hz induction motor is 162.84 N-m. The rotor emf is observed to make 90 cycles per minute. Calculate the efficiency if mechanical torque lost in windage and friction is 20.36 Nm and stator losses are 830W. [8+8]

2.a) b)

3.a) b)

4.a) b)

5.a) b)

6.a) b)

7.

A 3-phase, 400V induction motor has the following test readings:No-load:400V, 1250W, 9 A Short circuit:- 150V, 4KW,38 A Draw the circle diagram. If the normal rating is 14.9 KW, find from the circle diagram, the full load value of current, power factor and slip. [16] Write short notes on (i) Auto transformer starter. (ii) Induction generator. *********

8.

[8+8]

Code.No: 44008

R07

SET-3

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD II .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES II (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING) Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1.a) b) Derive the emf equation of a single phase transformer. A 1-phase transformer has 500 primary and 1200 secondary turns. The net cross sectional area of the core is 75 cm2. If the primary winding be connected to 400V, 50Hz supply, calculate the peak value of flux density in the core and voltage induced in the secondary winding. [8+8] Define voltage regulation of a transformer & enumerate the factors which influence the magnitude of this change. A 2,200/200V transformer takes 1A at the H.T side on no-load at a p.f of 0.385 lagging. Calculate the iron losses. If a load of 50A at a power factor of 0.8 lagging is taken from the secondary of the transformer. Calculate the actual primary current and its power factor. [8+8]

2.a) b)

3.a) b)

Suggest a suitable test to predetermine the efficiency of a transformer and explain it. In a test for determination of the losses of a 440V, 50 Hz transformer, the total iron losses were found to be 2500W at normal voltage and frequency. When the applied voltage and frequency were 220V and 25Hz, the iron losses were found to be 850W. Calculate the eddy current loss at normal voltage and frequency. [8+8]

4.a) b)

Explain T-T connection of transformer with the help of neat phasor diagrams. A 5000 KVA, 3-phase transformer, 6.6/33 KV, / Y has a no-load loss of 15 KW. The impedance drop at full load is 7%. Calculate the primary voltage when a load of 3, 20 KW at 0.8 p.f is delivered at 33 KV. [8+8] Explain why the rotor of a poly phase induction motor can never attain synchronous speed. A 3-phase, 50Hz, 6 pole induction motor has a full load speed of 960 pm. Calculate. i) Synchronous speed ii) Slip speed iii) Slip frequency. [8+8]

5.a) b)

6.a) b)

Explain the concept of crawling and cogging of an induction motor. The power input to the rotor of 440V, 50Hz, 6-pole, 3-phase induction motor is 80 KW. The rotor emf is observed to make 100 complete alterations per minute. Calculate i) The slip ii) The rotor speed iii) Rotor copper losses per phase [8+8] Draw the circle diagram for 204.P (14.92 KW), 440v, and 50Hz, 3- induction motor from the following test figures (line values):No-load :- 440V, 10A, P f =0.2 Short circuit:- 200V, 50A P.f=0.4. From the diagram, estimate i) The line current and p.f at full load ii) The maximum power developed. Assume the rotor and stator copper losses on short circuit to be equal. [16] Write short notes on i) Rotor rheostat control of induction motor. ii)Cascade connection of induction motor.

7.

8.

[8+8]

*********

Code.No: 44008

R07

SET-4

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD II .B.TECH II SEM SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATIONS FEBRUARY - 2010 ELECTRICAL MACHINES II (ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING) Time: 3hours Max.Marks:80 Answer any FIVE questions All questions carry equal marks --1.a) b) Define a transformer. How is the energy transferred from one circuit to the other? Distinguish between step up and step down transformer. A 6300/210, 50Hz, single phase transformer has per turn emf of about 9 volts and maximum flux density of 1.2 T. Find the number of high voltage and low voltage turns and net cross sectional area of the core. [8+8] Draw the exact equivalent circuit of a transformer and describe briefly the various parameters involved in it. A 1-phase transformer is supplied at 1600V on the H.V. side and has a turn ratio of 2:1. The transformer supplies a load of 2 KW at a power factor of 0.8 lag and takes a magnetizing current of 2.0 A at a power factor of 0.2. Calculate the magnitude and phase of the current taken from the H.V. supply. [8+8] Describe the method by which the separation of the core losses of a transformer is achieved. In a no-load test of single phase transformer, the following test data is obtained. Primary voltage = 220V Secondary voltage=110V Primary current =0.5A Power input= 30W Resistance of the primary winding=0.6ohms. Calculate the magnetizing component of no-load current and iron loss. [8+8] Describe one type of on-load tap changer, with proper sequence of operation for changing the voltage. A 500 KVA, 3-phase, 50Hz transformer has a voltage ratio (line voltages) of 33/11 KV and is delta/star connected. The resistances per phase are: high voltage 35 , low voltage 0.876 and the iron loss is 3050W. Calculate the value of efficiency at full load and one-half of full load with 0.8 lagging power factor. [8+8] Discuss the constructional features by both squirrel cage induction motor and slipring induction motor. Discuss the merits of one over the other. A 3- induction motor is wound for 4 poles and is supplied from 50Hz system. Calculate i) Synchronous speed ii) Rotor speed, when slip is 4% iii) Rotor frequency when rotor runs at 60 rpm. [8+8]

2.a) b)

3.a) b)

4.a) b)

5.a) b)

6.a)

Derive the torque equation of an induction motor. Mention the condition for maximum torque. The power input to a 500V, 50Hz, 6-pole, 3-phase induction motor running at 975 rpm is 40 KW. The stator losses are 1KW and the friction and windage losses total to 2KW, Calculate i) The slip ii) Rotor copper loss iii) Shaft power. [8+8] Draw the circle diagram from no-load and short circuit test of a 3-phase, 14.92KW, 400V, 6-pole induction motor from the following test results (line values). No load:400V, 11A, p.f=0.2 Short circuit:- 100V, 25A, p.f=0.4 Rotor cu loss at standstill is half the total cu loss, from the diagram, find i) Line current, slip, efficiency and p.f at full load ii) Maximum torque [8+8] Write short notes on (i) Rotor rheostat control of induction motor. (ii) Induction generator.

b)

7.

8.

[8+8]

*********