Code No: R05310802 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. Discuss about any four mixers for cohesive solids. [16]

2. Estimate the power consumption for lifting ore particles (specific gravity = 1.2)
pneumatically at the rate of 30 kg/minute to a height of 50 m from the following
data:
Air: solid ratio (by weight) maintained = 1.5
Diameter of pipe (G.I) = 0.07m
Particle size = -0.45 + 0.4 mm
Viscosity of air = 0.018 cp
Specific gravity of air = 0.0013
The roughness parameter εr for the G.I pipe may be taken to be 0.0112 cm. [16]

3. (a) Explain briefly about the characteristics of comminuted products.

(b) Explain briefly about the energy requirements in size reduction equipments.
[8+8]

4. (a) Explain briefly the requirements that must meet the filter media.
(b) Names the various types of industrial and laboratory filter media. [8+8]

5. What is Continuous filtration? Derive following expression and denote all the terms.
q [16]
•
mc 2C∆P 1−s gc f n
AT
= α0 µ

6. (a) Discuss briefly Sludge Separators.

(b) Derive Expression for Volumetric flow rate corresponding to cut diameter qc
in Sedimenting Centrifuge. [8+8]

7. (a) Explain the problems confronting the designer of an agitating equipment.

(b) Explain the difference between Agitation and Mixing.
(c) Name the different types of impellers commonly used for agitation of fluids.
[8+4+4]

8. With a neat sketch, describe the D-R Denver Floatation machine. [16]

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Code No: R05310802 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Give a brief account of the characteristics of the Tyler standard screens.
(b) The screen analysis shown below applies to samples of crushed quartz. The
density of the particles is 2650 kg/m3 and the shape factors are: a = 2 and
Φs = 0.571. What fraction of the total number of particles is in the 150/200
mesh increment? [6+10]

Mesh no. Dpi , mm Mass Mesh no. Dpi , mm Mass

fraction, Xi fraction, Xi
4 4.699 1.0000 35 0.417 0.0384
6 30327 0.9749 48 0.295 0.0282
8 2.362 0.8499 65 0.208 0.0205
10 1.651 0.5292 100 0.147 0.0147
14 1.168 0.2722 150 0.104 0.0106
20 0.833 0.1132 200 0.074 0.0075
28 0.589 0.0594 Pan ............ 0.0000

2. An inclined apron conveyor is used to carry crushed dolomite to a discharge point

at a horizontal distance and a vertical height of 20 m and 4.0 m respectively from
the tail end. Find the width of the apron if the capacity of the conveyor is 85,000
kg/hr at a conveying speed of 0.2 m/s. the height of the side walls is one-fourth
of the apron width. The bulk density of the material is 1350 kg/m3 and its angle
of response (static) is 350 . Take the inclination factor CB to be 0.95. The tractive
element for the conveyor is in the form of two laminated wheel chains, with wheels
running on plain (sliding) bearings. The wheel diameter is 0.05m and that of wheel
shaft is 0.02m. Assume the operating conditions of the conveyor are moderate and
take the flange friction factor to be 1.2. Determine the maximum chain tension if
the minimum tension is to be 1.5 kN. If there standard hauling wheel chains with
rated pressure (breaking) strengths of 56, 80 and 112 kN are available, determine
which one will suit best to the purpose. [16]

3. (a) Write in detail about tumbling mills with neat sketch.

(b) Why closed circuit is preferred over open circuit grinding. [12+4]

4. Give an account of classification of screening equipment and indicate their charac-

teristics and uses. [16]

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Code No: R05310802 Set No. 2
5. For a plate & frame filter press, operated at Constant pressure the relation between
the volume of filtrate Vf and the time in operation θf is as follows.
Vf2 = 6.25×104 (θf +0.11) where Vf is cubic meter of filtrate delivered in filtering
time θf hrs. The cake formed in each cycle must be washed with an amount of water
equal to one sixteenth times the volume of filtrate delivered per cycle. The Washing
rate remaining constant and is equal to one fourth of the filtrate delivery rate at
the end of the filtration. The time required per cycle for dismantling, dumping
& reassembling of the press is 6 hrs. Under the conditions where the preceding
information applies, determine the total cycle time necessary to permit the max
output of filtrate during each 24 hrs. [16]

6. (a) Distinguish between Clarifiers and thickeners.

(b) Write briefly about:
i. Batch Sedimentation
ii. Flocculation. [6+5+5]

7. (a) Derive an Expression for the calculation of Power required to drive the impeller
of an agitated vessel.
(b) What are the values of typical proportions for a standard turbine design in
ordinary agitation problem? Explain with a neat sketch. [8+8]

8. Draw Flow sheet of a typical Floatation plant and explain each process individually
in brief.
[16]

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Code No: R05310802 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the various ways to define particle diameter, explain with equations.
(b) Develop an expression for determining the specific surface Aw and number of
particles Nw of a mixture of particles. [10+6]

2. Write the types of mechanical conveyors. Explain any one of the conveyor. [16]

3. A grinder is to be used (which is 8% efficient) to handle 10 tonnes per hour of

a siliceous ore (specific gravity = 2.65). The feed and product analysis are given
below:

Screen Size, mm Feed Mass Fraction Product Mass Fraction

-3.327+2.362 0.143 0.0
-2.362+1.651 0.211 0.0
-1.651+1.168 0.230 0.0
-1.168+0.833 0.186 0.098
-0.833+0.589 0.120 0.234
-0.589+0.417 0.076 0.277
-0.417+0.295 0.034 0.149
-0.295+0.208 0.0 0.101
-0.208+0.147 0.0 0.068
-0.147+0.104 0.0 0.044
-0.104 0.0 0.029
The grinder cost Rs 40,000/-. It operates on 24 hrs basis for 300 days per year
and the maintainance, overload and replacement costs amount to 50% power cost.
Electricity costs 70 paise per kW. Estimate the annual processing cost of the ore if
the work index of the ore is 13.57 kWh/ton. [16]

4. Explain the theory and principle of centrifugal filtration and describe any one of
the equipment with a neat diagram. [16]

5. A Rotary-vacuum drum filter having a 33% submergence of the drum in the slurry
is to be used filter a CaCO3 slurry using a Pressure drop of 67.0 kPa. The solids
Concentration in the slurry is cx = 0.199 kg solid/kg slurry and the filter cake is such
that the kg wet cake /kg dry cake=m=2.0. The density and viscosity of the filtrate
can be assumed as those of water at 298 K. Calculate the filtrate area needed to
filter 0.478 kg slurry/s. The filter cycle time is 250 sec. The Specific cake resistance
can be represented by α = 4.37 ×109 (−∆P )0.3 . Where- ∆P is in Pascal and α is
in m/kg.

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Code No: R05310802 Set No. 3
Data : The density of water ρ = 996.9 kg/m3
Viscosity of waterµ = 0.8937 × 10−3 Pa-sec. [16]

6. (a) Distinguish between Clarifiers and thickeners.

(b) Write briefly about:
i. Batch Sedimentation
ii. Flocculation. [6+5+5]

7. (a) Write Power correlations for specific Impellers?

(b) Draw plots showing Power Number vs Reynolds Number and Discuss briefly
about Baffled and Un baffled tanks. [6+10]

8. Distinguish between Dissolved Air Floatation & Recycle Dissolved Air Floatation
plant For water treatment. [16]

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Code No: R05310802 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
MECHANICAL UNIT OPERATIONS-I
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. Distinguish between:
(a) Mixing index and mixing number
(b) Pony mixer and Beater mixer
(c) Ribbon blenders and Internal screw mixers. [6+6+4]
2. Write in detail about the transport of solids with suitable examples. [16]
3. (a) State and explain Rittingers law.
(b) Derive an expression for the estimation of the size of the biggest particle that
can be caught and crushed between a pair of rolls as a function of roll sizes,
roughness of the rolls and the distance between them.
(c) The crushing rolls of 101.6 cm diameter are set so that the crushing faces are
1.27 cm apart. The angle of nip for the feed is 310 . Calculate the maximum
size of the particles which should be fed to the rolls. [4+6+6]
4. (a) Explain Buchner funnel.
(b) What are the zones that will present in continuous rotary vacuum filter and
explain function of each zone? [4+12]
5. (a) Write briefly about Constant-Pressure Filtration and Constant-rate filtration.
(b) Draw figure showing Pressure gradients (section through filter medium & cake)
and Explain pressure drop through filter cake in detail. [6+10]
6. (a) Distinguish Gravity Classifiers & Sorting Classifiers.
(b) Differentiate between Clarifier and Classifier? Give Example to each. [10+6]
7. (a) Write briefly about blending in Process vessels.
(b) An agitated vessel 1.83 m in diameter contains a six-blade straight-blade tur-
bine 0.61 m in diameter, set one impeller diameter above the vessel floor, and
rotating at 80 r/min. It is proposed to use this vessel for neutralizing a di-
lute aqueous solution of NaOH at 21.1 0 C with a stoichiometrically equivalent
quantity of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3 ). The final depth of liquid in the
vessel is to be 1.83 m. Assuming that all the acid is added to the vessel at
one time, how long will it take for the neutralization to be complete? Given
density of liquid 1013.939 kg/m3 and viscosity of liquid= 0.982cP (centipoises)
(Graph of mixing time f actor (ntT ) vs Reynolds N o (N Re ) is to be provided)
[8+8]

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Code No: R05310802 Set No. 4
8. (a) Define Floatation? Discuss the concept and principle behind Floatation.
(b) Write Thermodynamics of wetting briefly. [8+8]

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