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u/]sf] ljifo xf] . b]z / hgtfeGbf cfk"m /
cfk\mgf] bnsf] :jfy{nfO{ s]Gb|df /fVg] ul/Ps}
sf/0f ;d:of, emg\ hl6n aGb} uPsf] s;};fd'
l5k]sf] 5}g . ;+jw
} flgs cx? kbflwsf/LljxLg
x'bF 5} g\, ;+;b\ / ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g ePsf] 5,
lgjf{rg slxn] x'g] xf] s'g} 6'f] 5}g, sfdrnfp
;/sf/ Psnf}6L 9n] cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .
;xdlt / ;xsfo{ eGb} ;/sf/ ;Qf sAhfsf]
/0fgLltdf nfu]sf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfn] kSs} klg
b'36{ gf lgDTofpF5, of] ;a}n] a'em]s} s'/f xf] . t/,
b]z / hgtfsf] lglDt /fhgLlt u/]sf eGg] g]tf
/ bnx? of] s'/f lsg a'lem/x]sf 5}gg\ < cfdg]kfnL
hgtfdf rf;f]sf] ljifo /x]sf] 5 . bnx?sf] oxL
cfk;L lvrftfgLs} sf/0fn] ubf{ ;+ljwfg;efsf]
lj36g eof] . zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f aLr}df
cnkq kof] . t/, klg bn / g]tfsf] ;b\al' 4
knfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . oxL sf/0fn] d'n'ssf
/fhgLlts bn / g]tfx?k|lt hgtfx? jfSslbSs
eO;s]sf 5g\ . @! cf}F ztfAbLsf hgtf g]tfsf]
af]nLdf xf]Og, Jojxf/df ljZjf; ug{ rfxG5g\ .
g]tfsf] efif0fn] zf;g ug]{ lbgsf] cGTo eO;s]sf]
5 . g]kfnL hgtf clxn] cfk\mgf] xs / clwsf/sf]
lglDt ;r]t eO;s]sf 5g\ . t;y{, /fhgLlts
bn / ltgsf g]tfx?n] ca hgtfnfO{ e'mSofpgeGbf
ljutdf cfk"mx?n] u/]sf] sdLsdhf]/Lx?nfO{
cfTd;ft ub}{ cfufdL lbgdf ;xdlt / ;xsfo{
u/L cufl8 a9\gs
' f] ljsNk 5}g . cGoyf hgtf
hfUg]jfnf 5g\, hgtf hfu] eg] s] x'G5, of] xfd|f]
/fhgLlts bn / g]tfx?nO{ elg/xg'kg]{ ljifo
xf]Og . t;y{, ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts bn / g]tfx?
cfk\mgf] JolQmut / bnLo :jfy{eGbf dfly p7]/
b]z / hgtfsf] lxtsf vflt/ ;xdlt / ;xsfo{
ub}{ cufl8 a9\gk' 5{ . g]kfnL hgtf oxL rfxG5g\,
r]tgf eof .

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@

hgcfsf+Iffsf] ;Daf]wg ug{ g;Sbfsf] kl/0ffd

/fhwfgL af]uf]6fb]lv sl/a %&^
lsnf] l d6/ pQ/k" j { d f cjl:yt
s' s ' t f
pQ/
;+ t fGb] /
ljefucGtu{tsf] sf]nf]lDaog ;x/
xf] . ;+j}wflgs lx;fan] of] zx/
dxTjk"0f{ ?kdf /lxcfPsf] 5, h;sf]
l;dfgf e]g]h'Pnf;Fu hf]l8Psf] 5 .
b}lgs sfd laz]ifn] e]g]h'Pnf
sf]nf]lDaof cfjthfjt ug{ :jb]zL
ljb]zLx?sf] ;+Vof 7"nf] dfqfdf x'g]
ub{5 . of] l;dfgf Ao:t l;dfgfdWo]
Ps xf] . /fhwfgL af]uf]6faf6 a;af6
ofqf ubf{ sl/a !% 306fsf] ;dodf
k'Ug ;lsG5 eg] xjfO{ dfu{af6 Ps
306f !% ldg] 6 sf] b" / Ldf k' U g
;lsG5 . /fhwfgL af]uf]6faf6 b}lgs
k" 0 f{ a ftfg' s ' l nt /fqL a; ;] j f
;~rfngdf 5g\ eg] ljleGg xjfO{
sDkgLn] xjfO{ ;'lawf eb}{ cfPsf
5g\ . ;Dk" 0 f{ ofqLdf clgjfo{
kl/rokq ;fydf x'g cfjZos 5 .
/fhdfu{df hfFbfcfpbf ;'/IffsdL{n]
cfjZos ;'/Iff hfFr ug]{ x'Fbf
kl/rokq lagf ofqf ug{ Tolt ;Dej
5}g . s]lGb|o a; 6ld{gnaf6 a;
5'6] kl5 lglZrt :6];gafx]s sxLF
klg g/f]sL uGtAolt/ nfUg] /x]5,
aLr af6f]df vfgf, gf:tfsf] nflu
xfd|f] xfO{j]df h:t} /]:6'/]G6 v'n]sf
/x]5g\ . vfgfgf:tfsf] d"No ;fdfGo
/x]5 . vfgfsf] u'0f:t/df klg s'g}
sdL lyPg . nfdf] b"/Lsf a; ePsf]n]
rfns b'O{hgfsf] Joj:yf u/]sf]
kfOof] . uf8L rfnsn] e'n]/ klg
dlb/f lkpFbf /x]g5g\ . cfgf] 8\o6' L
k"/f u/]kl5 eg] lkpgnfO{ v'Nnf
/x]5 . a;sf l;6 cToGt} km/flsnf,
cf/fdbfoL Tolt nfdf] ofqf ubf{
ofq'n] ysfg cg'ej ug'{ gkg]{ /x]5 .
of] k+lStsf/ kl5Nnf] ;do cu:6
!! tfl/v @)!! df OlGhlgo/ x]d{
cf/f]sf] ljz]if lgdGq0ffdf s's'tf
zx/ x'bF } pxfFsf] lghL kz'kfng kmd{
/x]sf] :yfg lrgfsf]6f hfg] cj;/
ldn]sf] lyof] . xfdLnfO{ 7fpF7fpFsf]
b[Zofjnf]sg ug{sf lglDt a; ofqf
ug] { lg0f{ o cg' ; f/ af] u f] 6 faf6
s's'tfsf] nflu lbpF;f] #M#) ah]
s'st' fsf] nflu k|:yfg uof}F . /fltsf]
;do x'gfn] Tolt b[Zofjnf]sg ug{
gldn] klg 7fpF7fpFdf lah'nL
aQLsf] lemlnldnLn] s]xL cjnf]sg
ug{] df}sf kfof}F . ef]lnkN6 laxfg
!@ cu:6 laxfg & ah] s's'tf
cf] l n{ o f} F . cf] n { g f;fy /fhwfgL
af]uf]6fsf] bfFhf]df lgs} udL{ dx;';
eO/x]sf] lyof] . laxfg & ah]sf]
tfkqmd @& l8u|L ;]lN;c; lyof],

ax;

5qaxfb'/ d}gfnL
e"agfj6 sl/asl/a xfd|f] leqL
dw];sf] h:tf] emNsf] lbg] lsl;dsf]
lyof] . !@ dlxgf k|foM Ps}gf;sf]
df};d /xg] of] ;x/ ;'vf /ftf]df6f]df
9'f ldl>t xl/ofnL;lxtsf] e"
agfj6 /x]5, s'st' f k|jz
] laGb'bl] vg}
/fhdfu{ 5]p5fpdf v'Nnf ?kdf
k]6f]lnod kbfy{ a]Rg]x?sf] tfFtL
b]lvGYof] . h'g k]6f]n e]g]h'Pnfaf6
ca}w t:s/L eP/ lelqg] /x]5 .
:yfgLo k]6f n
] kDkeGbf s]xL ;:tf]df
kfOg] x'Fbf pkef]Qmfsf] cfsif{0f klg
afSn} b]lvGYof] . of] Joj;fo nfdf]
;dob]lv rnL cfPsf] OlGhlgo/ x]d{
bDktL atfpFb} x'g'x'GYof] . of] k]zf
:yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] bl/nf] cfo;|f]t
klg /x]5 . xfdLnfO{ lngsf] nflu
lrgfsf] 6 faf6 l;ljn OlGhlgo/
bDktL x]df{g cf/f] / >LdtL n'h
dfl/gf nf]hfgf] k|ltIff u/]/ a;]sf
lyP . xfd|f] e]6kZrft s]xLa]/ s'st' f
3'd]/ v'Nnf laqmLsf] nflu /flvPsf]
5 Uoflng k] 6 f ] n e/] / uGtAo
lrgfsf]6ftkm{ nfUof}F . sl/a $%
ldg]6sf] hLk ofqfdf lrgfsf]6f k'Ug
;kmn eof}F . ofqfsf bf}/fg aLr
af6f] d f kxf8} kxf8n] 3] l /Psf]
xl/ofnL zfGt dgf]/d b[Zofjnf]sg
ug{] cj;/ ldNof] . x]d{ lgaf;
;fFlRrs} ;'Gb/ / ;'ljwf;DkGg eAo
lyof], PsfGt kxf8sf] km]bLdf zfGt
dgf]/d jftfj/0fdf ;'Gb/ nfUbYof] .
pSt lgjf;df x]d{ bDktL a]nfa]nfdf
;do Joltt ug{ Pj+ kmd{sf] lg/LIf0f
ug{ hfg] ubf{ /x] 5 g . pxfF x ?
Joj;fosf] sf/0f a9L ;do
e]gh
] P' nfdf a:g' kg{] ePsf]n] ToxfFsf]
/]vb]vsf] lhDdf :yfgLo bDktLnfO{
cfjf;Lo ;'lawf;lxt /flvPsf] /x]5 .
;d'b|L ;txaf6 !%)) ld6/sf]
prfOdf /x]sf] x]d{ bDktLsf] kz'kfng
kmd{ lgjf;af6 sl/a & ldg]6sf] hLk
ofqfdf k'lug] /x]5 jl/k/L kxf8}
kxf8n] 3]l/Psf] le/fnf]le/fnf] ;dy/
3fF;] d}bfg g} d}bfg o'St kmd{df sl/a
*) j6f h;L{ hftsf ufO{ kfng
ul/Psf] /x]5 . :ofxf/;';f/, b"w b'xg'
:yfoL?kdf Ps hf]8L bDktL kmd{
/x]sf] :yfgdf a;f]af; ubf{ /x]5g\ .
pTkflbt b"wnfO{ glhssf] ahf/df
b}lgs laqmL ul/Fbf]/x]5 . ufO{ kmd{sf]
Joj:yfkg cfw'lgs 9n] ul/Psf]
/x]5 . ufO{sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] nflu
:yfoL ?kdf e]6]/]gf/Lsf] Joj:yf

ul/Psf] /x]5 . lgs6 eljiodf $)

j6f pGgt hftsf] ufO{ yKg] of]hgf
/x]sf] x]df{gn] atfpg' eof] . xfdL
kmd{ xfp; k'Ubf e]6g] f/Laf6 ufO{sf]
:jf:Yo k/LIf0f eO/x]sf] lyof], ufO{
uf]7sf] klZrd efudf cfw'lgs b"w
b'xg' ] oGq h8fg ul/Psf] /x]5 . h;n]
5f]6f] ;dodf w]/} ufO{sf] b"w Ps}
rf]6L b'x'g ;lsg] /x]5 . To;}u/L
ufO{nfO{ rflxg] cfjZos kf]if0fo'St
bfgf, 3fF; 6'qm\ofpg] d]l;g, r/0fsf]
nflu 3fF;] d}bfgsf] Joj:yf, ufO{
uf]7nufot x]g{ / l;Sg] cj;/ k|fKt
eof] . ufO{nfO{ slxn] klg bfDnf] jf
8f]/Ln] unfdf afWg] rng /x]g5 .
r/0fdf xFb' f uf]7df xFb' f ufO{nfO{ v'Nnf
?kdf 5f]l8bf]/x]5 . tL cf;kf;sf]
If]q ufO{ kfngsf] nflu k|Voft /x]5
hlt klg cfFvfn] b]lvg] jl/k/L
kxf8sf] 6fk';Dd ufO{ kmd{ b]lvGYof] .
o;/L Jojl:yt cfw'lgs tl/sfn]
kz'kfng u/]sf] klxnf] k6s b]Vg]
df}sf ldNof] . ha of] b[Zo cfgf]
cfFvfsf] cufl8 b]lvof] xfd|f] s[lifk|wfg
b]zsf] ofbn] ;tfof] . s[lifk|wfg
d'n'sdf cfw'lgs k|ljlwnfO{ cFufNg
g;Sbf cem} klg k/Dk/fut tl/sfn]
v]tLkftL kz'kfng ub}{ 7"nf] sx/
sf6\g' kg]{ afWotfdf 5f}F . afWo slxn]
cfgf] d'n'sdf o:tf] kl/jt{gsf]
b[Zo b]Vg kfOPnf eGb} dg s'8/]
cfof] . cfk"m klg ;fdfGo ls;fgsf]
5f]/f], s[lifdf l6s]sf] kl/jf/, ;wF}
k/Dk/fut ?kdf v]tL ls;g u/L
cfPsf] x'gfn] o:tf b[Zo cfFvf ;fd'Gg]
b]Vbf c:jfefljs nfUg' 7Ls} xf] eGg]
dgn] 7fGof] . o:tf] ;/n tl/sfn]
klg 7"nf] sfd ug{ ;lsg] /x]5 eGg]
dgdg} nfu]/ cfof], uf]7fnfx? hLk
r9]/ 3f; lng uPsf], 3f]8f r9]/
ufO{ r/0fdf lgSn]sf, b}lgs hDdf
ePsf] b"w lng :yfgLo 8]/Lsf] uf8L
x/]s uf]7df l5/]sf] b[Zo cfgf] cfFvf
cufl8 k|ToIf e'mlG8bf dnfO{ d]/f]
kl/jf/df a'jf / cfdfn] k/Dk/fut
z}nLdf kflnPsf kz' / k/Dk/fut
z}nLdf ul/Psf] v]tL ls;fgdf ef]Ug'
k/]sf] sx/ cflbn] em:sfO{ dfq
/Xof] . slxn]sxLF ljZjf; ug{ klg
ufx|f] kbf]{/x]5 . gfgfefFtLsf s'/fx?
dfg;k6ndf v]nL g} /Xof], dgdgn]
lwsfof] . cfk"mn] yfxf kfPb]lv
g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Joj:yfdf cfd"n
kl/jt{g ePsf] @@ jif{ lat]5 . @@

aif{sf] cjlwdf b'O{ 7"nf /fhgLlts

kl/jt{g eP @)$^ ;fnsf] kl/jt{gn]
lgb{nLo k~rfotL Joj:yfnfO{ kmfn]/
d'n'sdf ax'bnLo zf;g k|0ffnL
;'?jft uof] . ;lqmo ?kdf /x]sf]
/fhtGqnfO{ ;+j}wflgs bfo/fdf
NofOof] t/ k|hftflGqs Joj:yfn]
hgcfsf+Iff cg'?k ;Daf]wg ug{
g;Sbfsf] kl/0ffd, @)%@ ;fnaf6
;j{xf/f, lk5l8Psf blnt cflbsf]
pTyfgsf lglDt hgo'4 ;'? eof] .
!) jif{;Dd rn]sf] o'4n] ^@^# sf]
cfGbf]ngdfkm{t\ d'ns
' nfO{ ;+3Lotfsf]
af6f]df 8f]ofof] . g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df
;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj eof] @$)
jif{bl] vsf] /fhtGqnfO{ ;fdfGo 9+un]
la:yflkt ul/of] . sf/0f Pp6} lyof]
d'n'sdf cfd"n kl/jt{g NofP/
;Dd'Ggt g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f ug]{ t/
oL ;a} cf}lrTo clxn] cfP/ a]sf/
;fljt xF'b} 5g\ . xfdLn] g]kfn,
s[lifk|wfg b]z xf] eg]/ k9]sf lyof}F .
g]kfnsf] s'g If]qdf cfw'lgs s[lif
kz'kfng k4ltnfO{ c+ufn]sf] 5 <
x'Dnf, h'Dnfdf k|r'/ dfqfdf :ofp
pTkfbg x'G5 . t/ ;8s / ahf/sf]
cefjn] pTkflbt j:t' Tolts} ofFSg'
kg]{ cj:yf 5, Tolts} ;8]/un]/
uPsf] 5 pTkfbg uof] ahf/ 5}g,
gu/f} klg ePsf] 5}g clg xfdL
xhf/f} F lsnf] l d6/ 6f9faf6
/;fogo'St kmnk"mn, t/sf/Lnufot
b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t' cfoft ug{ afWo
x'G5f}F . of] s:tf] la8Dagf xf] < g
v]tL ug{ a]nf ;xh ?kdf dn, lap
kfOG5
aNnaNn x}/fgL vk]/
laplahgsf] hf]xf] u/L v]lt ul/G5 .
pTkflbt j:t'sf] nfutcg';f/sf]
ahf/ efp kfOGg clg 3f6f ;x]/
klg laqmL u/]/ k|fKt ePsf] /sdn]
uh{g 6fg{ afWo x'G5g\ . s[lif If]qdf
;/sf/L pbf;Lgtf / ;DalGwt
lgsfosf] nfk/afxL 36gf a]nfa]nf
;fj{hlgs x'g] ub{5 .
gSsnL
laplahgsf] sf/f]af/, l;kmfl/;
ul/Psf lap gpd|g] ;d:of, x/]s
;fn t/fO{ If]qdf pTkflbt pv'sf]
d"No / ahf/sf] nflu ul/Fb} cfPsf]
;+3if{, dn lapsf] nflu ef]Ug' k/]sf]
kL8f, hn;|ft] sf] wgL b]z g z'4
lkpg] kfgL kof{Kt Joj:yf 5 g t
lah'nL alQ g}, b}lgs cfwf/e"t
cfjZostf kl/k"lt{ ug{ g;Sg],
cfdhgtfnfO{ ;d:of leq lkN;fO{
/fVg' g} k|hftGq, nf]stGq xf] t <
-k|ltlqmofsf] nflu_
sagarmatha1955@hotmail.com <
mailtoMsagarmatha1955@hotmail.com

g]kfnrLg z"Go eG;f/ ;dembf/Ldf x:tfIf/

sf7df8f}F . g]kfnrLgaLr ;f9]
& xhf/ j:t'nfO{ z"Go eG;f/ ;'ljwf
lbg] ;dembf/Lkqdf x:tfIf/ ePsf]
5 . g]kfnsf tkm{af6 jfl0fHo tyf
cfk"lt{ dGqfnosf ;lrj nfndl0f
hf]zL / g]kfnsf nflu lrlgofF /fhb"t
of xpnfgn] ;dembf/Lkqdf
x:tfIf/ u/] . ;Demf}tfcg';f/ ;g\
@)!# b]lv g]kfnaf6 lgsf;L x'gd] Wo]
;f9] & xhf/ j:t'n] z"Go eG;f/
;'ljwf kfpg]5g . rLgn] o;cl3
g]kfnsf $ xhf/ & ;o @! j:t'nfO{
z"Go eG;f/ ;'ljwf lbPsf] lyof] .
p;n] klxnf lbPsf] ;'ljwfcGtu{t
oxfFaf6 lgsf;L x'g] j:t'sf] ;"rL sd
lyof] . clxn] lbPsf] ;'ljwfdf lgsf;L
x'g] w]/} j:t' ;d]l6Psf] dGqfnon]
hgfPsf] 5 . dGqfnosf cfof]lht
sfo{qmddf ;lrj hf]zLn] lrlgofF
;'ljwfaf6 b'O{ b]zaLrsf] Jofkf/ 3f6f
sd ug{ ;3fp k'Ug] bfaL u/] . g]kfnL
j:t'n] lgsf;Ldf ;x'lnot kfpFbf
rLg;Fusf] Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug{
;3fp k'U5, pgn] eg], xfd|f nflu

7"nf] ahf/ v'nf ePsf] 5 . /fhb"t

xpnfgn] z" G o eG;f/ ;' l jwfn]
g]kfnsf] lgsf;L a9fpg ;xof]u k'Ug]
atfP . g]kfnaf6 rLg lgsf;L x'g]
(% k| l tzt j:t' n fO{ clxn] s f]
;Demf}tfn] ;d]6]sf] 5, pgn] eg] .
dGqfnosf cg' ; f/ ;f9] &
xhf/dWo] g]kfnaf6 lgsf;L x'g] #
;o ^^ j:t' pSt ;"rLdf ;d]l6Psf
5g\ . nfdf] ;dob]lv rLg;Fu 7"nf]
Jofkf/ 3f6f a]xf]l//x]sf] g]kfnnfO{
of] ;x'lnot kmfObfhgs x'g]5 .
rLgn] cGo cNkljsl;t b]znfO{ klg
o:tf] ;'ljwf lbg] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnnfO{
lbg] ;'ljwf klg o;}cGtu{t xf] .
rLgn] xfn u/]sf] k|:tfjdf g]kfnaf6
lgsf;L x'g] j:t'sf] ;"rL a9L 5 .
oxfFaf6 lgsf;L x'g]df rfprfp,
l;d] G 6, 58, x:tsnf, rfF b Lsf
uxgfnufot 5g . g] k fnh:t}
cNkljsl;t b]zn] klg eG;f//lxt
;'ljwf kfPsfn] k|lt:kwf{ ug'k{ g]{ 5 .
g]kfnsf pBf]uLn] ;:tf]df ;fdfg
pTkfbg ug{;s] lgsf;L a9\5 . t/,

dGqfnosf Ps clwsf/Lsf cg';f/

ltAatnufot If]qdf c? b]zn]
k|lt:kwf{ ug{;Sb}gg . g]kfn;Fu ;f]em}
hf]l8Psfn] cGo b]zn] ltAat nufot
If]qdf lgsf;L ug{;Sb}gg . rLgn]
k7fPsf] k|:tfjdf ljuth:t} $)
k| l tzt d" N o clej[ l 4 x' g ' k g] {
;Toyfjt /fv]sf] 5 . s'g} klg j:t'
rLg lgsf;L x'g $) k|ltzteGbf
sd eP eG;f//lxt ;' l jwfaf6
jl~rt x'g]5 . rLgn] pTklQsf]
k|df0fkqnfO{ klg cem ;/nLs[t ug{
vf]h]sf] dGqfnon] hgfPsf] 5 .
g]kfnrLg jfl0fHo d}qL ;+3sf cWoIf
b'uf{axfb'/ >]i7n] g]kfnL j:t'nfO{ z"Go
eG;f/sf] ;'ljwfn] Jofkf/ 3f6f sd
x'g] atfP . of] ;Demf}tfn] rLg;Fusf]
Jofkf/ 3f6f sd ug{ dxTjk"0f{el" dsf
v]Ng ;S5, pgn] eg], t/, of]
sfof{Gjogsf nflu b'a} ;/sf/n]
k|zf;g / eG;f/ gfsfnfO{ hfgsf/L
u/fpg'k5{ g]kfnL j:t'nfO{ rLgsf]
Sjf/]G6fOgn] ememG6 yKg] u/]sfn]
To;nfO{ ;/nLs[t ug{k' g{] pgsf] egfO

5 . u'0f:t/Lo j:t' lgsf;L xf];\

eGg] rfxgf rLgsf] xf] . t/, g]kfnL
lgsf;Lstf{nfO{ ememG6 yKg] sfd eg]
x'g'x'Fb}g, pgn] eg] . g]kfnL ;fdfg
af]ss
] f 6s sG6]g/ cem} klg lrlgofF
gfsfdf hfg gkfPsf] pNn]v ub}{
;fdfg af]ss
] f sG6]g/ hfg] Joj:yf
x'gk' g]{ pgn] atfP . clxn] g]kfnL
j:t' rLg lgsf;L ubf{ af] s ] /
n}hfg'kg]{ jfWofTds Joj:yf 5, pgn]
eg], eG;f//lxt ;'ljwfkl5 g]kfnL
j:t' lgsf;L aGbf af]s]/ n}hfg]
Joj:yfn] lgsf;Ldf ;d:o} x'G5 .
l;Gw'kfNrf]s pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf
cWoIf /fh] G b| s ' d f/ >] i 7n]
eG;f//lxt ;'ljwf kfpg]lalQs}
g]kfnL j:t'n] rLgdf ahf/ kfpg]
atfP . g]kfnL j:t'n] rLgdf eG;f/
ltg'k{ bf{ k|lt:kwf{ ug{;s]sf lyPgg,
pgn] eg], ca g]kfnL j:t'n] ;xh
k|jz
] kfP/ lgsf;L a9\5 / Jofkf/
3f6f klg Go"gLs/0f x'G5 . rLgn]
g]kfnL j:t'nfO{ # k|ltztb]lv #%
k|ltzt eG;f/ lnFb} cfPsf] 5 .

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@

xfdL if8\oGqsf]
/fhgLlt ub}g
{ f}+

;ftfsf] s'/fsfgL
) bnxaLr cem} ;xdlt
x' g ;ls/x] s f] 5} g , o;
ljifodf s] eGg' x ' G 5 <
;xdlt x'g] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g .
bnx ;/sf/sf] nflu dl/xQ]
ul//x]sf 5g\ . /fhgLlts ;d:of
Psflt/ 5 eg] hgtfsf] ;d:of
csf]{tkm{ 5 . bnx /fhgLlts
;d:of ;dfwfgtkm{eGbf Hofbf
;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj s;n] xTofpg]
eGg]d} s]lGb|t ePsfn] ;xdlt
;lhn} x'g] b]lvFb}g . bnxsf]
kl5Nnf] sfo{zn
} Ln] pgLx hgtf,
/fi6k|lt uDeL/ 5}gg\ eGg] k'li6
ePsf] 5 .
) ;/sf/ ;xdltlagf g} k" 0 f{
ah] 6 Nofpg] tof/Ldf 5,
s] eGg' x ' G 5 <
/fhgLlts ;xdltlagf k"0f{
ah]6 cfpg] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g, of]
cf}lrToxLg x'G5 .
) /fli6o
;/sf/df
bbn
n x
xaa L r ; x dlt x ' g

;Snf t <
of] ;/sf/n] /fi63ft, hg3ft,
juL{ o cfTd;dkf{ 0 fjfbsf] lbzf
klqmPsf] 5 . To;n] ubf{ d'n's yk
;+s6df km:g k'u]sf] 5 . h;n]
hgtfdf lg/fzf k}bf u/fPsf] 5 .
o:tf] cj:yfdf jfdkGyL, k|ultzLn,
b]zeQm, u0ftGqjfbLx Psh'6 x'g
h?/L 5 . b]zeQmxsf] ;/sf/
lgdf{0f x'g'k5{ . clxn]sf] k|lqmofaf6
d' n ' s n] lgsf; kfpg ;Sb} g .
;+;b\jfbL bnx 3'dLlkm/L ?Dhf6f/
eg]em}F pxL s';L{sf] jl/k/L 3'ld/x]sf
5g\ . Pp6fn] s';L{ g5f8\g] csf]{n]
s';L{ tfGg] qmd hf/L /x]sf] 5 .
hgtfsf] efjgf / dd{cg';f/ sf]xL
klg cl3 a9]gg\ .
) hgtfdf cfqmf] z a9] s f] 5,
Pdf cf ] j f bL
bLs
sff ] lrofkfg
sfo{qmddf
cWoIf
k|r08dfly g} yKk8 xflgPsf]
5, o; ljifodf s] eGg'x'G5 <
g]tfxnfO{ yKk8 xfg]/ ;d:of

h;/L lxhf] /fhtGqlj?4 afx| a'bF ]

;Demf}tf eof], To;sf] cf}lrTo
clxn] ;dfKt ePsf] 5 . ca gofF
9n] lbzflgb]z
{ ug]{ u/L ;xdltsf]
cfwf/ vf]Hg'k5{ . ;/sf/sf] dfq
s'/f u/]/ ;xdlt sfod x'g
;Sb}g .
--lgjf{rgsf] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g .
;/sf/n] PstkmL{?kdf 3f]if0ff u/]
klg Tof] ;Dej x'bF g} . lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff
u/]/ cufl8 a9\g' eg]sf] ljutsf
cfGbf]ngsf d"No, dfGotfnfO{ wf]sf
lbg', u2f/L ug'{ dfq x'G5 .
--k6sk6s ePsf cfGbf]ngx
;Demf}tfdf k'u/] 6'lP . To;n]
cfGbf]ngsf dd{nfO{ t'xfpg] sfd u/]sf]
5 . To;sf/0f gofF lg0ff{os
cfGbf]ngtkm{ xfdL ;a}n] Wofg lbg'k5{ .

/fhgLlts ;xdltlagf k"0f{ ah]6 cfpg] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g, of] cf}lrToxLg x'G5 .
;+;b\jfbL bnx 3'dLlkm/L ?Dhf6f/ eg]em}F pxL s';L{sf] jl/k/L 3'ld/x]sf 5g\ .
g]tfx?nfO{ yKk8 xfg]/ ;d:of ;dfwfg x'bg
} .
hgtfsf] lj?4 hgtfnfO{ le8fpg] k|ltlqmofjfbLxsf] rfnafhL k|r08
P08 sDkgLn] ug{ vf]Hb}5g\ .
hgo'4 clxNo} g} x'G5, ef]ln g} x'G5 eGg] klg xf]Og .
cfjZos kbf{ x'g ;Sg] s'/f xf] .
xl/eQm s8]n k|lts, kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o, g]skfdfcf]jfbL
;dfwfg x'Fb}g . of] hgtfdf h'g
cfqmf]z lyof], To;sf] cleJolQm dfq
xf] eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . hgtfsf]
sltko cfqmf]zsf] cleJolQmnfO{
lgof]lht 9n] Pp6f kf6L{dfly cf/f]k
nufP/ csf] { lgof] l ht if8\ o Gq
Pdfcf]jfbLn] ug{ vf]Hb}5 . /fhgLltdf
if8\oGqsf] uGw 3';fpg] lbzfdf
Pdfcf]jfbL cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .
hgtfsf] lj?4 hgtfnfO{ le8fpg]
k|ltlqmofjfbLxsf] rfnafhL k|r08
P08 sDkgLn] ug{ vf] H b} 5 g\ .
cfqmf] z df lg0f{ o ug] { sfd
Pdfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] 5, Tof] /fhgLlts
lbjfnLokg xf] .
) s] k| r 08dflysf] yKk8
k|s/0fdf tkfO{+xsf] kf6L{sf]
; + n Ugtf
5}g
eGg
vf] H g' e Psf] xf] <
yKk8 k|s/0fdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf]
lans'n ;+nUgtf 5}g . o:tf kmf]xf]/L
v]n g lxhf] xfdLn] uof}F, g cfh
u/]sf 5f}F, g ef]ln g} u5f}{+ of] x'g}
;Sb}g . xfdL if8\oGqsf] /fhgLlt
ub}{gf}F . xfd|f] To;df ;xdlt 5}g .
yKk8 xfNg] JolQmsf] hfgsf/L
ldl8ofn] lbO/x] s f] 5 . pgsf]
kl/jf/sf] af/]df klg ljifoj:t'
cfO/x]sf] 5 .
) ;/sf/ oxL d+ l ;/ bf] ; | f ]
;ftf;Dddf lgjf{ r gsf] ldlt

tf] S g] atfO/x] s f] 5, o;
ljifodf s] eGg' x ' G 5 <
lgjf{rgsf] s'g} ;Defjgf 5}g .
;/sf/n] PstkmL{?kdf 3f]if0ff u/]
klg Tof] ;Dej x'bF g} . lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff
u/]/ cufl8 a9\g' eg]sf] ljutsf
cfGbf]ngsf d"No, dfGotfnfO{ wf]sf
lbg', u2f/L ug'{ dfq x'G5 .
) d' n ' s sf ;a} ;+ j } w flgs
lgsfox vfnL x'Fb}5g\, o:tf]
cj:yfdf s] ug' { x ' G 5 <
o:tf] cj:yfdf cfd;xdlt
vf] H g] u/L cufl8 a9\ g ' k 5{ .
/fhgLlts bnxaLrsf] ;xdltdf
dfq of] sfd cufl8 a9fpg ;lsG5 .
;+ljwfg;efsf] xTof;Fu} oxfF hgjfbsf]
klg xTof ePsf] 5 . lgd{d 9n]
g]tfx cfdcfnf]lrt x'g'k5{ . b]z
/ hgtfsf] nflu gofF 9n] ;dfwfg
vf]Hg'k5{ . h;/L lxhf] /fhtGqlj?4
afx| a'Fb] ;Demf}tf eof], To;sf]
cf}lrTo clxn] ;dfKt ePsf] 5 .
ca gofF 9n] lbzflgb]z
{ ug]{ u/L
;xdltsf] cfwf/ vf] H g' k 5{ .
;/sf/sf] dfq s'/f u/]/ ;xdlt
sfod x'g ;Sb}g .
) tkfO{ + x n]
/fhgLlts
lgsf;sf] nflu uf]nd]r;efsf]
d' 2 f p7fpg' ePsf] lyof] ,
To; ljifodf clxn ] s]
eO/x] s f] 5 <

5nkmnnfO{ d"t{ ?k lbg xfdLn]

cGt/lqmof ;'? u/]sf 5f}F . Tof]
cGt/lqmof ljleGg bnx;Fusf]
lkIfLo, ax'kIfLo e]63f6df hf/L
5 . xfd|f] Ph]G8fx xfdLn] sfod
/fvL /x]sf 5f}F .
) ev{ / } dfq tkfO{ + x sf]
s]lGb|o ;ldlt a}7s ;DkGg
ePsf] 5, To; a} 7 sn ]
;z:q cfGbf] n gdf hfg] a f/]
uf] K o lg0f{ o u/] s f] s' / f
k| r f/df cfO/x ] s f] 5,
jf:tljstf s] xf] <
;}4flGts?kdf sDo'lg:6xn]
;z:q ;+3if{nfO{ c:jLsf/ ub}g{ g\ .
xfdLn] s] x L ljifodf 5nkmn
ul//x]sf 5f}F . hgtfn] ug]{ x/]svfn]
cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f] ;fy /xG5 .
hgtfsf] clwsf/ k|flKtdf s;}n]
cj/f]w u5{ eg] ToxfF ljb|f]x x'G5,
hgtfn] ug]{ ljb|f]xdf xfdL g]t[Tj
lbg tof/ x'g'k5{, To;df xfdL
sl6a4 5f}F .
) To;f] eP g] k fndf km] l /

hgo'
hgo ' 4 sf] cfjZostfsf ]
dx;' ; ug' { e Psf] xf] <
hgo' 4 k| l t ;} 4 flGts?kdf
c;xdlt hgfpg'kg]{ sf/0f s]xL 5}g .
hgo'4 clxNo} g} x'G5, ef]ln g} x'G5
eGg] klg xf]Og . cfjZos kbf{ x'g
;Sg] s'/f xf] . sDo'lg:6x ;z:q
;+3if{sf] lj/f]wL xf]Ogg\ .
) cGTodf yk s]xL eGg
rfxg' x ' G 5 <
d' n ' s sf] jt{ d fg /fhgLlts
;+s6af6 hgtfn] lgsf; kfpg g]kfnL
hgjfbL qmflGt clgjfo{ aGg k'u]sf]
5 . k6sk6s ePsf cfGbf]ngx
;Demf} t fdf k' u ] / 6' l P . To;n]
cfGbf]ngsf dd{nfO{ t'xfpg] sfd u/]sf]
5 . To;sf/0f gofF lg0ff{ o s
cfGbf] n gtkm{ xfdL ;a} n ] Wofg
lbg'k5{ . To;sf] nflu ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm,
u0ftGqjfbL, /fi6 j fbL zlQmx
Psh'6 eP/ cufl8 a9\gk' 5{ . o;df
b]z / hgtfsf] nflu kf6L{eGbf dfly
p7]/ ;f]Rg d ;a}nfO{ clkn ug{
rfxG5' .

/fhgLlts ;d:of Psflt/ 5 eg]

hgtfsf] ;d:of csf]t{ km{ 5 . bnx?
/fhgLlts ;d:of ;dfwfgtkm{eGbf
Hofbf ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j s;n] xTofpg]
eGg]d} s]lGb|t ePsfn] ;xdlt ;lhn}
x'g] b]lvbg
} .
--;}4flGts?kdf sDo'lg:6xn] ;z:q ;+3if{nfO{
c:jLsf/ ub}g{ g\ . xfdLn] s]xL ljifodf
5nkmn ul//x]sf 5f}F . hgtfn] ug]{ x/]svfn]
cfGbf]ngdf xfd|f] ;fy /xG5 . hgtfsf]
clwsf/ k|flKtdf s;}n] cj/f]w u5{ eg] ToxfF
ljb|fx] x'G5, hgtfn] ug]{ ljb|fx] df xfdL g]tT[ j
lbg tof/ x'gk' 5{, To;df xfdL sl6a4 5f}F .
--yKk8 k|s/0fdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] lans'n
;+nUgtf 5}g . o:tf kmf]xf]/L v]n g lxhf]
xfdLn] uof},F g cfh u/]sf 5f},F g ef]ln g}
u5f}{+ of] x'g} ;Sb}g .

blntsf] ?kfGt/0fLo cfGbf]ng

wd{ dflg;nfO{ ;xL af6f]df
8f]ofpg] af6f] xf] . ;dfh ljsf;sf]
qmddf wd{ k];f, /, j0f{, ln+u
cflbsf cfwf/df dflg;x?aLr
ljefhgsf kvf{nx? r'lnFb} uPsf
5g\ . wd{ k|yf / k/Dk/f;Fu hf]8]/
ltgLx?nfO{ emg} ;+:yfut / dha't
agfOof] . zlQm / ;|f]tdf kxF'r x'g]
;d"xn] gx'gn
] fO{ cfgf] jzdf /fVg],
zf;g ug]{ kfvf kfg]{ k|rngsf] klg
;'?cft x'g uof] . hft klg lxGb"
;dfhdf /x]sf] Pp6f ulx/f] ljefhg
xf], a|fXd0f, If]qL, j}Zo / z'b| rf/
hft / cGo 5QL; j0f{sf] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] kfOG5 . of] ;fdflhs
c;dfgtfdWo]s} k|d'v klg xf] .
lsgeg] of] k|yfdf dflg;nfO{ hGds}
cfwf/df prgLr, 5"tc5"tsf] bhf{
lbOG5 . c5"tnfO{ kz'eGbf klg tNnf]
sf]6Ldf /flvG5, clg To:t} t'R5
Jojxf/ ;d]t ul/G5 . a? kz'nfO{
5'g x'g], t/ slyt dflyNnf] hftn]
tNnf] hftsfnfO{ ljz]ifu/L c5"t
elgPsfx?nfO{ 5'g gx'g,] olb 5f]Oxfn]
klg 5f]Ol56f] xfNg'kg]{ cgf}7f] k/Dk/f
xfd|f] ;dfhn] cFufn]s} 5, h;nfO{
5' j f5' t gfdn] lrlgG5 .
;fdflhs ?kfGt/0fsf] dfu{df 7"nf]
afws;d]t ag]/ /x]sf] 5 hft .
cfw' l gs g] k fnsf cleoGtf
k[ Y jLgf/fo0f zfxsf] PsLs/0f
cleofgdf pNn]Vo of]ubfg lbPsf
elgPsf P]ltxfl;s kfq la;] gurL{
tyf k|yd k|hftflGqs Pj+/flj/f]wL
cfGbf] n gsf c3f] l ift ;lxbx?
rGb| a xfb' / ;fsL{ tyf dl0f/fd
bdfO{;DdnfO{ Oltxf;n] sltsf] Gofo
ug{ ;Sof] To;sf] d"Nofg ca
cfjZos 5 . rGb|axfb'/b]lv lnP/
clxn] cfP/ dglj/] ;'gf/ / b]t]
bdfO{;Dddf blnt clwsf/sdL{ /
/fHon] d"Nof+sg ug{ cfjZos 5 .
hftLo d'lQm kfpgsf nflu klxn]

gjLg clenfifL

juL{o d'lQm ckl/xfo{ 5 elgFb} ubf{

ju{ / hfts} ljifodf xfd|f] ;dfhdf
clxn];Dd klg lje]bdf sdL cfpg
;s]sf] 5}g . ;fdflhs Pj+ ;f+:s[lts
lje] b sf] ce] B kvf{ n 78\ o fP/
s;}nfO{ sfvf / s;}nfO{ kfvf ug'd
{ f
g} ;du| /fHosf gLltx? s]lGb|t
/x]eGbf cTo'lQm gxf]nf . blnt
;d'bfosf] d'lQmsf nflu ;dfhsf
x'g]vfg] ju{x?n] blntnfO{ ehfP/
vfg] ef8f]sf ?kdf x]/]sf sf/0f
blntx?sf] d'lQm x'g g;Sg' 3fd
hlQs} 5n 5 . hxfF;Dd ;Dk"0f{
ef/t jif{df / g]kfndf hftLo tyf
5'jf5"t lj/f]wL cleofgsf] yfngL
wflds{ g]tfx?, dfgjtfjfbL, ljfg\,
slj, n]vs tyf ;dfh ;'wf/sx?sf]
;+oS' t k|of;af6 ePsf] lyof] . dxfTdf
ufGwLf/f g]t[Tj ul/Psf] ef/t
:jtGqtf cfGbf]ngn] ef/td} /x]sf
ljZjsdf{ / ;xif{fgfy skfnLh:tf
g] k fnL blnt cfGbf] n gsf
cleoGtfx?nfO{ klg k|]l/t u/]sf]
lyof] . Tolt dfq xf]Og g]kfnL blnt
cfGbf] n gsf ;] g fx? lx/fnfn
ljZjsdf{, ld7fOb]jL ljZjsdf{,
?knfn ljZjsdf{ , kb\ d nfn
ljZjsdf{, dgaxfb'/ ljZjsdf{,
nfnaxfb'/ kl/of/, uf]N5] ;fsL{,
5ljnfn ljZjsdf{ cflbh:tf pNn]Vo
g]tfx?n] u/]sf] kxnsbdL / blnt
;d'bfosf] ;xof]u / cfjfhn] ubf{
/fHon] clxn] blntnfO{ s]xL ;Daf]wg
ug{ vf]hs
] f] 5 . t/, ljljw sf/0fx?n]
ubf{ g] k fnL blnt cfGbf] n g
;+ul7t?kdf cufl8 a9\g g;s]sf
sf/0f blnt cfGbf]ngn] hlt pT;fxL
pknlAw kfpg'kg]{ xf] Tof] kfpg ;s]g .
;g\ !($& b]lv ;g\ @))) ;Dd
cfOk'Ubf blnt d'lQmsf nflu sl/a
tLg bh{ g hlt ;+ 3 ;+ : yfx?sf]

ljlwjTyfkgf eO;s]sf] b]lvG5 . km'6

/ h' 6 sf] /fli6 o s' ;+ : sf/sf]
vfN8f]df blnt cfGbf]ng klg k/]sf]
5 . g]kfnsf] klxnf] lnlvt sfg'g
lj;+= !(!) sf] d'ns
' L P]gn] hftsf]
cfwf/df u/] s f] lje] b sf/L
b08;hfosf] ljwfgnfO{ kl5 cfP/
d'ns
' L P]g, @)@) n] ;dfg ck/fwdf
;a}nfO{ ;dfg ;hfo x'g] Joj:yf u/L
;Dofpg] sfd u/] k l5 blntsf
clwsf/ / cfjfhx? gLltut?kdf
;d]l6g yfn]sf] xf] . ;fy} sfg'gL?kdf
g]kfndf 5'jf5"tsf] cGTosf] 3f]if0ff
ug'{sf ;fy} cbnsf] !) -s_ n] ;f]
ug] { u/fpg] n fO{ b08 ;hfosf]
efuL;d] t agfPsf] 5 . g] k fn
clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& n] wf/f
!@ df ;dfgtfsf] xssf] Joj:yf u/L
ck| T oIf?kdf 5' j f5" t lj?4sf]
xsnfO{;d]t ;+jw} flgs k|Tofe"lt k|bfg
klg u/]sf] xf] . To:t} lj;+ @)^)
;fn >fj0f !@ ut]b]lv 5'jf5"t /
hftLo lje] b ;DaGwL d' 2 fx?
;/sf/jfbL agfOof] g] k fnsf]
cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# n] klg wf/f
!$ df 5' j f5" t tyf hftLo
lje]blj?4sf] xsnfO{ df}lns xss}
?kdf d"t{ Joj:yf ug'{] /fHon] of]
;d:ofnfO{ uDeL/?kdf lnPsf] 5 .
xfn cfP/ g]kfndf hftLo lje]b
tyf 5'jf5"tnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ 5'}
ljz]if tyf lj:t[t sfg'g hftLo
lje]b tyf 5'jf5"t s;'/ / ;hfo
P]g, @)^* ;d]t nfu" eO;s]sf]
5 . of] blIf0f Pl;ofd} hftLo
;d:of;Fu ;DalGwt klxnf] ljz]if
k|sf/sf] sfg'g xf] . t/, la8Djgf
of] sfg'g nfu" ePsf] Ps jif{eGbf
a9L ;do JotLt eO;Sbf klg
cj:yfdf vf;} ;'wf/ cfpg ;s]sf]
5} g . h:t} sflnsf] 6 lhNnfsf

dgjL/ ;'gf/sf] r'nf] 5f]Psf] lgx'Fdf

ePsf] xTof, 5f]/fsf] cGt/hftLo
ljjfx ul/lbPsf ;' v ] { t sf ;] t ]
bdfO{sf] xTof tyf ;fd'lxs ef]hdf
blntx?nfO{ klg ;xefuL u/fpg
vf]Hbf sfnf]df];f] blnPsf sf:sLsf
s0f{axfb'/ g]kfnL cflb oxL ;dfhdf
blnt x'g'sf] lgolt ef]Ug ljjz
k|ltlglw kfqx? dfq x'g\ . oL ;a}
pSt 5'} ljz]if P]g cfPkl5sf
36gfx? x'g\ . of] ;a} x'g'sf k5fl8
g]kfnsf] sdhf]/ sfg'gL lzIffnfO{
klg bf]if lbg ;lsG5, h;n] ubf{
hlt sfg' g ag] klg ltgLx?n]
Jojxfl/s ;fy{stf kfpg ;s]sf
5} g g\ . ;a} kLl8tx? ljleGg
cfly{s, ;dflhs tyf ;'/Iffsf
sf/0fx? tyf g]kfnsf] emGeml6nf]
sfg'gL k|lqmofn] ubf{ klg cf}krfl/s
sfg'gL Pj+ Goflos k|lqmofdf cfpg
g;s]sf] tyf grfx]sf] cWoogx?n]
b] v fPsf 5g\ . 5' j f5" t tyf
lje]bsf 36gfsf af/]df k|x/Ldf
ph'/L g} sd kg]{ tyf k|x/Ln] klg
ph'/L lng OGsf/ ug]{ u/]sf af/]df
;d] t
;~rf/dfWod
/
;/f]sf/jfnfx?n] atfO/x]sf 5g\ .
blnt ;d'bfosf ;b:on] ;dfhdf
c;' / Iflt dx;' ' ; ug' { tyf
pgLx?dfly ljleGg axfgfdf
qmlds?kdf eO/x]sf lx+;f, s'6lk6
;fy} xTof;Ddsf 36gfn] o;nfO{
k|dfl0ft u5{g\ . hftLo lje]b tyf
5'jf5"t g]kfnL ;dfhdf Ps uxg
;d:ofsf ?kdf /x]sf] s'/fdf b'Od
{ t
x'g ;Sb}g . blnt ;d'bfo ;fdflhs
Pj+ cfly{s pTkL8gsf] bf]xf]/f] df/df
k/] s f 5g\ . ;fdflhs tyf
;f+:s[lts s';+:sf/sf] 3]/faGbLdf
k/]/ lzIff, :jf:Yo tyf cGo JolQmTj
ljsf;sf cj;/;d] t af6 nfdf]
;do;Dd jl~rt /xFbf pgLx?sf]
hLjg:t/ cem} klg p7\g;s]sf] 5}g .

/fi6klt hf];] ufGwLeGbf klg ;fbuL b'vfO{ dx;'; g} gug]{ dlxnf

sf7df8fF} . blIf0f cd]l/sL d'ns
'
p/Uj]sf axfnjfnf /fi6klt hf];]
d'lhsfn] ufGwLsf] eGbf klg ;fbuL
hLjgz}nL ckgfP/ ;+;f/sf g]tfx?nfO{
r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g\ . ;g\ @)!) dfr{af6
p/Uj]sf /fi6klt /x]sf oL && aif{
a'9f /fhwfgLsf] 5]pdf >Ldltsf] ;fdfGo
s[lif kmfd{df a:5g / tnjjfkt cfpg]
clwsf+z /sd ul/jsf nflu bfg
lbG5g . ;/sf/n] lbPsf] ;'lawf;DkGg
cfjf; / uf8L Tofu]/ >Ldltsf] kmfd{df
p;df a:g yfn]sf oL a'9fn] ;fubL
hLjgz}nL ckgfP/ laZjsf g]tfx?nfO{
r'gf}tL lbPsf 5g eg] ;j}eGbf ul/j
/fi6kltsf] klxrfg klg agfPsf 5g\ .
>Ldltsf] kmfd{dfp;df al;/x]sf
pgnfO{ s]jn tLg hgf k'ln; / b'O{
s's/' n] ;'/Iff lbG5g\ . To;dWo] Ps
s's/' tLgj6f v'f ePsf] cyf{t ckf
5 . cfk"mn] kfpg] !@ xhf/ cd]l/sL
8n/ tnjdWo] () k|ltzt bfg lbg]
d'lhsfn] >Ldlt;Fu} ldn]/ kmfd{dfp;df
cfkm} sfd u5{g\ .

;g\ !(^) / &) sf] bzsdf

sDo'lgi6 lab|fx] L ;+u7gsf] g]tT[ j u/]sf
oL g]tfn] ^ k6s uf]nL vfPsf 5g\ eg]
sl/j !$ aif{ h]n hLjg latfPsf
5g\ . cfgf] k"mn v]tlg/ k'/fgf] s';L{df
a;]sf /fi6klt d'lhsfn] aLaL;L;Fu
eg] d]/f] hLjgsf] clwsf+z ;do o:t}
tl/sfn] latfPF, d;Fu h] hlt To;}af6
/fd|f] tl/sfn] hLjg lhpg ;S5' . h]ndf
a:bfsf tLg} sl7g lbgn] cfk"mnfO{ ;fbf
hLjg lhpg l;sfPsf] pgn] atfP .
/fi6klt a:g] >LdtLsf] kmfd{xfp;sf]
3/ / pgsf] ;DklQsf] gfddf /x]sf]
pgsf] eS;jfug uf8L dfq 5 eg] ;g\
@)!) df pgn] cfgf] ;DklQ 3f]if0ff
ubf{ pgL;Fu Ps xhf/ * ;o 8n/
kg{] eS;jfugsf] k'/fgf] uf8Ldfq lyof] .
dnfO{ sFufn /fi6klt eG5g t/ dnfO{
To:tf] nfUb}g /fi6kltn] eg] ul/j t
tL x'g hf] cfgf] /jflkmnf] hLjgz}nL
sfdo /fVgsf nflu dfq sfd u5{
hlxn] w]/e} Gbf w]/} sdfpg rfxfG5g .
Ph]G;L

cNa6{ cfOG;6fOg;u afb/sf] aRrfsf] cg'xf/ ldNbf]h'Nbf]

sf7df8f}F . b}jL rdTsf/ eGg] ls
dhfs ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf k|ltefzfnL
JolSt cNa6{ cfOG;6fOg;Fu afFb/sf]
aRrfsf] cg'xf/ ldNbf]hN' bf] 5 . b
;g k|lqsfsf cg';f/ ljz]if hfltsf]
afFb/sf] skfn p;sf] :6fOn / rfp/L
k/] s f] cg' x f/ Psbd} cNa6{
cfOG;6fOg;Fu ldNg cfp5 . o;

aRrf afFb/sf] kmf]6f] ^^ alif{of ldlxn

gfbfsf]jn] dn]lzofsf] tfOk]O{ /fli6o
lgs'~hdf lvlrPsf] xf] . ha aRrf
afFb/ b]v,] d]/f] klxnf] ;f]rfOg} o:tf]
eof] ls of] cfOG;6fOg h:tf] b]lvG5
/ k|df0fsf] nflu d}n] s]xL kmf]6f] lvr]sf]
xf] . ldlxnsf] egfO pNn]v ub}{ k|lqsfn]
5fk]sf] 5 . Ph]G;L

sf7df8f}F . cd]l/sfsf Ps dlxnf

l:6j kL6 h;nfO{ z/L/sf] s'g} efudf
s'g} lsl;dsf] b'vfO{ dx;'; gx'g] gf}nf]
va/ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf]
jflz6gsL kL6sf] z/L/df s'g}
lsl;dsf] klg b'vfO{ x'Gg cyf{t\
z/L/df x'g] s'g} lsl;dsf] kL8f pgn]
xfn;Dd cg' e j u/] s L 5} g g\ .
sfGh]lg6n PgfNh]l;of gfdsf] /f]un]
u|l;t pgnfO{ xfn;Dd 6fpsf] gb'vs
] f]
/ z/L/sf] s'g} klg cdf 3fp
x'bF f;d]t kL8f x'bF g} . afNosfndf bfFt
lgsfNbf cfg} lha|fs
] f] s]xL efu

rkfPkl5 pgn] z/L/df x'g] s'g} klg

kL8f cg' e j gu/] s f] cd] l /sL
lrlsT;ssf] egfO 5 . kL8f gePs}
sf/0f pgn] cfgf] lha|f] af/Daf/ 6f]Sg]
u/]sf] lrlsT;sx?n] atfP . #) jifL{o
:6Ljsf Ps 5f]/f 5g\ . xfn :6Lj
Ps cWoog lzlj/df 5g\ / pgsf]
;d:ofaf/] 5nkmn eO/x]sf] 5 .
gf]e]Da/ * af6 n08gsf] ;fOG;
Do'lhoddf ;'? ePsf] sfo{zfnf @)!#
h'nfO{;Dd rNg]5 . ToxfF cd]l/sL
j}1flgsx? o;sf] cWoog ul//x]sf
5g\ . Ph]G;L

hgtfsf] kL/dsf{ ;'Gg /

/rgfTds ;'emfjx u|x0f ug{
g]kfn ;/sf/ ;w}+ tTk/ /
hfu?s 5 . ;fy}, ;d:of
lg/fs/0f ug{ ;'emfjsf] pk]Iff
klg ub{ 5 .

;'gsf] dfu !! k|ltztn] sdL

sf7df8f}F . uPsf] tLg dlxgfdf
cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf ljZj ahf/df
;'gsf] dfu !! k|ltztn] sdL cfPsf]
5 . lrlgof cy{tGqsf] ljsf;sf]
/tf/df cfPsf] sdL / ef/tdf uxgf
laqmLdf sdL cfPsf sf/0f ;'gsf] dfu
36]sf] jn{8 uf]N8 sfplG;nn] hgfPsf]
5 . ut h'nfO{ b]lv ;]K6]Da/sf] aLrdf
lrlgofn] ut jif{ lnPeGbf * k|ltzt
sd ;'g lsg] . rLgdf of] cjlwdf !

;o &^ 6g ;'g laqmL eof] . cy{tGqdf

k/]sf] c;/n] u/uxgf lsGg]sf] rf;f]
klg sd x'bF } uO/x]sf] 5 . ef/tkl5
rLg ;'gsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] v'bf| ahf/
xf] . kl5Nnf] tLg dlxgfdf ef/tdf
;'gsf] dfu ( k|ltztn] a9]sf] 5 . of]
cjlwdf ef/tdf @ ;o @# 6g ;'g
laqmL eof] . ;'gsf] d"No w]/} dfly k'us
] f
sf/0f klg o;sf] dfu sdL ePsf]
atfOPsf] 5 . Ph]G;L

g] k fn ;/sf/
;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfno

;"rgf ljefu

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@

ko{6g ljz]if
ko{6gsLo:yn aGb} hnljgfos
sf7df8f}F . pkTosfsf] pTklQsf] Oltxf;;Fu k|ToIf ;DaGw hf]l8Psf]
sLlt{k'/ gu/kflnsf !$ l:yt rf]ef/ -hnljgfos If]q_ hnljgfos
;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] ;lqmotf;Fu} gd"gf ko{6sLo uGtJo:ynsf
?kdf ljsf; x'g nfu]sf] 5 . k/fk"js
{ fndf ljleGg If]qsf] e|d0fsf] l;nl;nfdf
sf7df8f}F pkTosfdf cfOk'u]sf lrlgofF af}4dfuL{ tLy{ofqL d~h'>Ln]
sfnLbxsf] gfdn] lrlgg] ljzfn bxsf] kfgLnfO{ pkTosfsf] xf]rf] efu
rf]ef/df cfO{ cfgf] of]uanf/f v8\un] 8fF8fnfO{ 5]bg u/L kfgL aflx/
k7fP/ o; pkTosfdf a:tL a;]kl5 dfgj ;Eotfsf] ;'?jft ePsf]
Oltxf;;Fu k|ToIf ;DalGwt rf]ef/nfO{ ko{6sLo uGtJosf ?kdf ljsl;t
u/fpg nfluPsf] xf] . pkTosfsf] blIf0f klZrddf sf7df8f}F rqmkyv08sf]
aNv'af6 rf/ lsld / /Tgkfs{af6 ;ft lsldsf] b"/Ldf cjl:yt o;
If]qdf ljBdfg ko{6sLo k"jf{wf/nfO{ clwstd pkof]u u/L gd'gf ko{6sLo
:yn lgdf{0fsf] bL3{sfnLg nIosf ;fy hnljgfos ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf
;d"xsf] ljz]if ;lqmotfdf ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{x? tLj|?kdf ;~rfng
eO/x]sf] 5 . o; If]qdf cjl:yt hnljgfos dlGb/, rf]ef/8fF8f,
P]ltxfl;s rf]ef/ uN5Lsf ;fy} oxfF ljBdfg ;fdflhs tyf k|fs[lts
ljljwtfnfO{ ko{6sLo k"jf{wf/sf ?kdf clwstd pkof]u ub}{ o; If]qs}
bL3{sfnLg ljsf; u/fpg nfluPsf] hnljgfos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x
atfpG5 . hnljgfos If]q k'/ftflTjs, ;f+:s[lts tyf wfld{s sf/0fn]
dfq geP/ pkTosfsf] Oltxf;;Fu k|ToIf ;DalGwt oxfFsf]] d~h'>L uN5L,
pSt uN5Ldf cjl:yt blIf0f Pl;ofs} bf];|f] nfdf] d~h'>L u'kmf tyf
h}ljs ljljwtfn] el/k"0f{uN5Lsf] klZrdkl u'kmf If]q ;d]6]/ agfOPsf]
d~h'>L kfs{ o; If]qsf k|d'v ko{6sLo cfsif{0f ag]sf 5g\ .
o; If]qsf k|l;4 hnljgfossf] dlGb/, cflbgfysf] dlGb/ g]kfnL
k|frLg sfi7snf Pj+ jf:t'snfsf] cg'kd pbfx/0f x'g\ eg] o; cf;kf;sf
If]qdf /x]sf P]ltxfl;s 6f}bx kf]v/L, l;f] sf7df8f}F pkTosfnfO{ b]Vg
;lsg] rDkfb]jL 8fF8f;lxtsf] rGb|flu/L kj{ z[v+\nf, o; If]qsf ljleGg
ljxf/x? oxfFsf] ko{6sLo rf;f]sf :ynx? x'g\ . sf7df8f}s
F f rf/ ljgfosdWo]
;a}eGbf h]7f] u0f]zsf ?kdf lnOg] oxfFsf] hnljgfossf] k|l;4 dlGb/
/x]sf cfwf/df o; If]qnfO{ hnljgfos If]qsf ?kdf lng] ul/Psf] atfpg]
oxfFsf :yfgLojf;L oxfF cjl:yt hnljgfossf] eLdsfo d"lt{dl' g kf]v/L
/x]sf] ljZjf; ub{5g\ . P]ltxfl;s tYosf cfwf/df g]kfn ;+jt &@# df
/fhf lzjl;+x dNnsf] kfnfdf lgdf{0f ePsf] hnljgfossf] dlGb/ g]kfn
;+jt &*( df kf6gs} /fhf >Llgjf; dNnn] dlGb/sf] hL0f{4f/ u/L
;'gsf] hnk;lxtsf] uh'/ r9fPsf] / g]kfn ;+jt *&! df sf7df8f}Fsf
/fhf /fHok|sfz dNnn] pQm dlGb/ k]uf]8f z}nLdf k'gMlgdf{0f u/]sf]
atfOG5 . lgoldt k"hfsf ;fy} ljz]ifu/L dnaf/, k"l0f{df, dn rf}yL,
rf]ef/sf] sflt{s d]nf -sf]hfu|t k"l0f{dfb]lv sflt{s k"l0f{df;Dd_
eSthgx?sf] ljz]if eL8 nfUg] o; dlGb/df g]jf/L ;+:s[ltcg'?k ljleGg
hfqf, kj{ tyf ;+:s[ltx? ;~rfng ul/Psf] kfOG5 . k|l;4 hnljgfos
dlGb/ /x]sf sf/0f ;'?df wfld{s b[li6af6 dfq bz{0ffyL{x? cfpg] u/]sf]
o; 7fpFdf hnljgfos ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf] kxn;Fu} ko{6sLo
k"jf{wf/x?sf] ljsf;sf sf/0f lbgfg'lbg cGo ko{6s;d]t cfpg'nfO{ ;d"xsf]
;kmntfsf ?kdf lng yflnPsf] 5 .
:yfgLo ko{6g k|j4{g ub}{ o; If]qsf] P]ltxfl;stfaf/] efjLk':tfnfO{
klg hfgsf/L xf];\ eGg] x]tn
' ] d~h'>L kfs{nfO{ Jojl:yt ug{, pQm kfs{leq
## lkm6 cUnf] d~h'>Lsf] d"lt{ lgdf{0f ug{, /s uf8{gsf] lgdf{0f, l6s63/;Fu
kfs{kj| z
] f/, sDkfpG8nufotsf k"jf{wf/x?sf] lgdf{0f b't| t/?kdf eO/x]sf]
5 . oxfF cjl:yt s'n Ps xhf/ @%) ld6/ nDafOsf] blIf0f Pl;ofs}
t];|f] nfdf] u'kmf d~h'>L u'kmfnfO{ Jojl:yt ub}{ @)^$ ;fn sflQsb]lv
;~rfngdf NofOPsfdf xfn u'kmf cjnf]sg dfu{x?nfO{ cem Jojl:yt
u/fpb} nluPsf] 5 . cToGt snfTds?kdf /x]sf] pSt u'kmfleq ljleGg
u'kmfx? /x]sf] kfOP klg ko{6ssf nflu xfn kfFrj6f u'kmfsf ?6x? v'nf
ul/Psf] 5 . dxfb]j kf]v/L u'kmf, af/fxL u'kmf, gofF u'kmf, af3 u'kmf, k/]jf
u'kmf u/L kfFr u'kmfx?df ;d"xn] ufO8 tyf aQLsf] Joj:yfsf nflu ?=
%) b]lv !%) ;Dd z'Ns lnP/ cjnf]sg ug{ Joj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 .
o;}u/L !( ld6/ nfdf] dxfb]j kf]v/L u'kmf oxfF cjl:yt cGo u'kmfeGbf
;lhnf] / 5f]6f] u'kmf xf] h;nfO{ hDdf @% ldg]6sf] ;dofjlwdf cjnf]sg
ug{ ;lsG5 eg] sl/a *^ ld6/ nfdf] k/]jf u'kmf oxfFsf] ;a}eGbf sl7g
u'kmfsf ?kdf dflgG5 . h;nfO{ %) ldg]6sf] ;dofjlwdf cjnf]sg
ug{;lsG5 . u'kmfleq} dxfb]jsf] d"lt{;lxt kf]v/L /x]sf] sl/a !$) ld6/
nDafOsf] Ps 306f ;dofjlwdf cjnf]sg ug{;lsg] af3 u'kmf oxfFsf
cGo u'kmfeGbf a9L ;do nfUg] u'kmf xf], h;leq rd]/fx?;d]t b]Vg
;lsG5 . ;fy} sl/a #) ldg]6sf] ;dofjlwdf cjnf]sg ug{;lsg] af/fxL
u'kmf !))=(% ld6/ nfdf] u'kmf xf] eg] $% ldg]6df e|d0f ug{;lsg] gofF
u'kmf !@*=)^ ld6/ nfdf] 5 . u'kmfleq} kf]v/L / dxfb]jsf] d"lt{ b]Vg
;lsg] oxfF rd]/fx?;d]t /x]sf 5g\ .
u'kmfsf leQfdf k|fs[lts?kdf ag]sf ljleGg k|sf/sf rdsbf/ kTy/
tyf cfs[ltx? kfOg'sf ;fy} u'kmfleq cgluGtL af6fx? /x]sf sf/0f :yfgLo
ufO8sf] ;xof]ulagf u'kmfsf] e|d0f ug{ ;Dej g} x'bF g} . leq} ljleGg rf/
kf]v/Lx? /x]sf] kfOg] o; u'kmfleq st} 3;|/] lxF8g\ k' g]{ ;fF3/' f] dfu{ kfOG5 eg]
st} !%@) hgf dflg;;Dd e]nf x'g ldNg] lsl;dsf] v'Nnf 7fpF;d]t /x]sf]
5 . clS;hgsf] slQ klg sdL dx;'; gx'g] o; u'kmfleq psfnf] cf]/fnf]
;dy/nufot ;a} lsl;dsf] af6f];d]t /x]sf sf/0f u'kmfdf ;fxl;s ofqfsf]
k|ToIf cg'ej ug{;lsG5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf u'kmfsf] e|d0fsf ;fy} ;du|
hnljgfos If]qsf] cjnf]sg ug{ cfpg] ko{6ssf] ;+Vof pT;fxhgs?kdf
a9]sf] hnljgfos ;fd'bflos jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf kbflwsf/Lx? atfpF5g\ .
o; If]qsf] ;du| ljsf;df ;xof]u k'ofpg] p2]Zon] ;d"xn] d~h'>L kfs{If]qdf
cfpg] ko{6snfO{ k|jz
] z'Nssf ?kdf k|ltJolSt ?= !) l6s6sf] Joj:yf
u/]sfdf xfn pSt l6s6 z'Nsaf6} dfl;s nueu ?= ^) xhf/ /sd p7\g]
u/]sf] 5 . ljz]ift d+l;/b]lv j}zfv;Dd cTolws?kdf ko{6s cfpg] o;
:yfgdf ;fj{hlgs labfsf lbgdf JolStut, ;+oS' t Pj+ ;fd"lxs?kdf dflg;
cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . cjnf]sgsf ;fy} kl5Nnf jif{df cfP/ jgef]h tyf ljleGg
sfo{qmdsf nflu;d]t of] If]q ;j{;fwf/0fsf] 5gf]6df kb}{ uPkl5 ;d"xs}
cu|;/tfdf o; cf;kf;sf If]qdf nueu @% ;d"xnfO{ k'Ug] ;'ljwf;DkGg
jgef]h :yn -lkslgs :k6_x? lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5g\ .

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@

gful/s / gful/stf

/fi6sf] ;+ljwfg, P]g, lgodaf6

cfly{ s ,
;fdflhs,
/fhgLltsnufotsf clwsf/k|fKt,
/fi6 / /fli6otfk|lt ;dlk{t /
/fi6 k | l t lglZrt st{ J o ePsf
JolQmx?nfO{ gful/s elgG5 . /fHosf
cfwf/e"t tTjx? e"uf]n, gful/s,
;/sf/, ;fj{ef}d;QfdWo] gful/s
To; /fi6sf] cleGg c+u xf] . /fi6sf]
ef}uf]lns l;dfgfleq :yfoL?kn]
a;f]af; u/]sf] tYonfO{ k'li6 ug{
/fHon] k| b fg ug] { k| d f0fkqnfO{
gful/stf elgG5 . gful/stf
k| d f0fkqn] JolQmnfO{ /fi6 s f]
;+ljwfgf/f k|fKt cfly{s, ;fdflhs,
/fhgLlts / j} o lQms xs /
clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf k|bfg ub{5 .
o; cy{df gful/stf gful/s /
/fHoaLr sfg'gL / Jojxfl/s ;DaGw
:yflkt ug]{ sfuhft xf] . pRr:t/Lo
gful/stf cfof]u @)%! sf cg';f/
gful/stf /fli6o ;Ldfleq /xg]
hgtfsf] j}wtfsf] k|tLs xf] . g]kfnL
gful/sn]] /fli6o klxrfgsf] ?kdf
gful/stfsf] k|df0fkq k|fKt ug'{ g}
;lu{s clwsf/ xf] . xfn g]kfndf
j+zhsf] gftfn], hGdsf] cfwf/df,
c+uLs[t, ;Ddfgfy{ If]q ufle"bf, k'gM
:yfkgf x'"bfsf] cfwf/df gful/stf
k|flKt;DaGwL Joj:yf /x]sf] b]lvG5 .
To:t} j+zh, hGdl;4, c+uLs[t,
;Ddfgfy{ u/L rf/ k| s f/sf
gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf
/x]sf] 5 . !^ jif{sf pd]/ k"/f ePsf]
g]kfnL gful/sn] gful/stf k|fKt ug{
;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . !^ jif{sf pd]/
k"/f gePsf] JolQmn] cfjZos k/]sf]
v08df gfafns kl/rokq k|fKt
ug{ ; Sg] Joj:yf 5 . g] k fndf
gful/stf;DaGwL sfg'gL cfwf/zLnf
g]kfn gful/stf P]g @))( hf/L
ePkl5 :yflkt ePsf] kfOG5 .
To;kZrft u9L, uf}F8f, uf]f/faf6
gful/stf ljt/0f ePsf] kfOG5 .
k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] k|fb'ef{jkZrft
lj= ;+ = @)@) ;fndf g] k fn
gful/stf P] g @)@) hf/L
ePkZrft sf7df8f}F gu/ k~rfot,
c~rnfwLz sfof{no, k|d'v lhNnf
clwsf/Lsf] sfof{noaf6 gful/stf
ljt/0f ePsf] kfOG5 . xfnsf]
Joj:yfcg';f/ eg] lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{no, Onfsf k|zf;g sfof{no /
;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{noaf6 g]kfnL
gful/stf k|df0fkq ljt/0f eO/x]sf]
5 . o;sf cltl/Qm hgtfn] ;j{;n
' e
tl/sfaf6 cfg} ufp"3/df gful/stf
k|fKt ug{ ;s"g\ eGg] p2]Zosf ;fy
;/sf/n] ljleGg ;dodf cf7 k6s
gful/stf 6f]nL v6fO{ gful/stf
ljt/0f ul/;s]sf] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/n]
b]zsf b'ud
{ tyf u|fdL0f If]qdf /x]sf
dlxnf, ckf, czQmnufot
cfd;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ ;/n / ;xh
9+un] gful/stf ljt/0f sfo{nfO{
ufp"ufp"df g} cleofgsf ?kdf
;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] kfOG5 . g]kfn
clw/fHosf] ;+ l jwfg @)!% df
gful/stf;DaGwL k|fjwfg /flvPsf]
lyPg . g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg @)!( df
gful/stfsf] k| f lKt / ;dflKt
sfg"gadf]lhd lgwf{/0f x'g] s'/f
pNn] v ul/Psf] lyof] . g] k fn
gful/stf P]g @)@) df g]kfnsf]
gful/stf s:tf] cj:yfdf k|fKt x'G5
/ To;/L k|fKt u/]sf] gful/stf
s:tf] cj:yfdf ;dfKt x'G5 eGg]
Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . g] k fn
clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& df
gful/stf ;DaGwdf :ki6 Joj:yf
ul/Psf] lyof] . xfn g]kfnsf] cGtl/d
;+ l jwfg @)^# sf] efu @ df
gful/stf ;DaGwdf :ki6 Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 . ljutsf ;+ljwfgdf
gful/stfsf] k| d f0fkq afa' s f]
gfdaf6 dfq k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] Joj:yf
/x]sf]df xfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] gful/stf

e"k]Gb| kf08]o

k|fKt ug{ cfdfsf] :yfg klg dxTjk"0f{

x'g] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . P]ltxfl;s
hgcfGbf]ng@ sf] kl/0ffd:j?k
k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efaf6 cfdfsf]
gfdaf6 klg ;Gtfgn] gful/stf
kfpg'kg]{ k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] .
k|ltlglw;efsf] 3f]if0ff @)^# n] g]kfn
/fHoleqsf] gful/stf;DaGwL ;d:of
;dfwfg oyfzL3| ug] { ;+ s Nk
lnPcg'?k g]kfn ;/sf/n] lj=;+=
@)^# ;fndf gful/stf 6f]nL klg
v6fPsf] lyof] . xfn gful/stf P]g
@)^# / gful/stf lgodfjnL @)^#
k|rngdf /x]sf] 5 . jt{dfg P]g /
lgodfjnLcg';f/ j+zhsf] cfwf/df
g]kfnL gful/stf k|flKt, hGdsf]
cfwf/df g]kfnL gful/stf k|flKt,
c+uLs[t g]kfnL gful/stf k|flKt,
;Ddfgfy{ g]kfnL gful/stf k|flKt ug{
;lsg] cj:yf, If] q ufle" b fsf]
gful/stf k| d f0fkq hf/L ug] {
clwsf/, g]kfnL gful/stf sfod
g/xg] cj:yf, k'gM g]kfnL gful/stf
sfod x' g ] cj:yf, g] k fnL
gful/stfaf6 x6fpg] cj:yf
;DaGwdf Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . To:t}
ljj/0f ;Dofpg], b08 ;hfo tyf
gful/stf 6f]nL v6fpg ;Sg] Joj:yf
;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} JolQmsf] hGd
x'"bfsf avt lghsf afa' jf cfdf
g]kfnsf] gful/s /x]5 eg] To:tf]
JolQm j+zhsf] gftfn] g]kfnL gful/s
x'g] Joj:yf 5 . To:tf] JolQmn]
hGd:yfg / gftf v'Ng] u/L ;DalGwt
:yfgLo lgsfon] ul/lbPsf] l;kmfl/;
jf hGdbtf{ k|df0fkq tyf cfgf]
j+ z htkm{ s f tLg k' : tfleqsf]
gft]bf/sf] ;gfvtdf gful/stf k|fKt
ug{ ;Sg] k|fjwfg 5 t/ lgj]bg;fy
pQm k| d f0fx? k] z ug{ g;Sg]
JolQmnfO{ ;d]t j+zhsf] gftfn]
gful/stf lng] Joj:yf ePsf]af6
gful/stf;DaGwL sfg"g s]xL nlrnf]
ePsf] cg' e j ug{ ;lsG5 .
lgj]bssf afa' jf cfdf g]kfnL
gful/s ePsfn] lgh j+zhsf] gftfn]
g]kfnsf] gful/s ePsf] / g]kfndf
hGd eO{ lg/Gt/?kdf g]kfn ;x/leq
:yfoL?kdf a;f] a f; ul/cfPsf]
Aoxf]/f v'Ng] u/L g]kfnL gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq k|fKt :yfgLo afl;Gbfx?n]
ul/lbPsf] :ynut ;h{ l dg /
;DalGwt j8fdf a;f] a f; ug] {
tLghgf g] k fnL gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq k|fKt g]kfnL gful/sn]
;h{ldg :ynd} ul/lbPsf] ;gfvtsf
cfwf/df ;d]t g]kfnL gful/stfsf]
k|df0fkq k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yfsf]
b'?kof]u x'g g;Snf / unt JolQmn]
o;sf] gfhfoh kmfObf lng g;Snf
eGg ;lsGg . o;tkm{ gful/stfsf]
l;kmfl/;stf{ / gful/stf k|bfg ug]{
sd{rf/L ;r]t /xg'kb{5 . g]kfn
;x/leq km] n f k/] s f] lkt[ T j /
dft[Tjsf] 7]ufg gePsf] k|To]s
gfafns lghsf] afa' jf cfdf km]nf
gk/];Dd j+zhsf] cfwf/df g]kfnL
gful/s 7xg]{ ;+jw} flgs Joj:yf 5 .
;Djt\ @)$^ ;fn r}t d;fGt;Dd
g]kfn ;x/leq hGd eO{ g]kfndf
:yfoL a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf] JolQm
hGdsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gful/s
x'g] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . of] Joj:yf
g]kfnsf] /fli6o lxtdf 5, 5}g eGg]
s' / f eljion] atfpg] g} 5 .
gful/stf s'g} klg JolQmsf] JolQmTj
ljsf;sf] cfwf/ ljGb' xf] . o;n] g}
cfly{ s , ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts
cj;/sf] cEof; ug]{ dfu{ k|z:t
ub{5 . /fli6o Pj+ cGt/fli6o:t/df
s'g} /f]huf/, Gofkf/, Joj;fo, pBf]u
ug{ tyf s'g} klg ;fj{hlgs kb
wf/0f ug{sf nflu gful/stf geO{
gx'g] ckl/xfo{tTj xf] . oBlk cfd
hg;d' b fodf gful/stfsf]

cfjZostf / dxTjsf] ljifodf

r]tgfsf] cefjdf w]/} gful/sx?
/fHof/f k|bQ w]/} clwsf/x?af6
al~rt x'gk' /]sf] 5 . ljutdf k6s
k6s gful/stf ljt/0f sfo{nfO{
cleofgs} ?kdf ;~rfng ubf{ klg
u|fdL0f e]usf w]/} gful/sx? r]tgfsf]
cefjdf o;sf] nfeaf6 cfhko{Gt
al~rt /xg'k/]sf] cj:yf xfd|f;fd'
5n{ 5 . w]/} bfh'efO, lbbLalxgLx?
g]kfnL eP/ klg u}/g]kfnLsf] laNnf
af]Sg afWo 5g\ . gful/stf ljt/0fdf
/fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh,
;dfh;]jL, kqsf/ ;a}sf] e"ldsf x'g]
ePsfn] ;a}n] cfcfgf] If]qaf6
r]tgf km}nfpg sGh':ofO" ug'{ x'bF g} .
clxn] ;/sf/n]] j[4j[4f, ckf, Psn
dlxnf cflbnfO{ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf
k|bfg ul//x]sf] 5 . t/, gful/stf
k|df0fkq gePs} sf/0fn] w]/} g]kfnLx?
;f] nfeaf6 al~rtLs/0fdf k/]sf]
tYo huhfx]/} 5 . clzIff, ul/aL
/ zf/Ll/s sdhf]/Ldf lklN;Psf
To:tf gful/s ha gful/stfsf]
cfjZostf dx;' ; ub{ 5 clg
gful/stf agfpg l9nf eO;s]sf]
x'G5 . h;n] ubf{ sfg'gL k|df0fx?
h'6fpg yk x}/fgL v]Kg'kg]{ x'G5 .
casf] k' : tfn] o;af6 kf7
l;Sg'kb{5 . ;dod} gful/stf lng'
;r]t gful/ssf] kl/ro klg xf] .
t/fO{
If] q df
ljBdfg
gful/stf;DaGwL ;d:ofn] w] / }
o'jfx?sf] ;Lk, Ifdtf / pmhf{
cg'Tkfbs /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . pgLx?
g :jb]zd} pRr lzIff cfh{g ug{
;S5g\ t ljb]zL >d ahf/df laSg
g} . o;n] gful/stfljxLg ju{nfO{
dgf]j}1flgs c;/ t kf/]sf] 5 g},
sfnfGt/df b]zs} cfly{s ;d[l4 klg
cf]em]ndf kg]{ cj:yf 5 . b]zsf]
ef} u f] l ns ljs6tf, oftfoftsf]
cefj, ljBdfg sfg'gL Joj:yfsf]
k|rf/k|;f/sf] sdLn] lxdfnL / kxf8L
e]usf klg pNn]vgLo hg;+Vof
gful/stfaf6 al~rt 5 . g]kfnL
gful/sx?sf] :ki6 klxrfg ug]{ s'g}
cfwf/ gx'g' tyf g]kfnL gful/sx?sf]
oyfy{ k /s clen] v gx' g fn]
gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ sfo{ sd{rf/Lsf
nflu klg hl6n / r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 .
:yfgLo lgsfo hgk|ltlglwljxLg
ePsf] cj:yfdf uflj; ;lrjn] g}
hgk|ltlglwsf] ?kdf ;d]t sfo{ ug'{
k/]sf]n] jf:tljs g]kfnL gful/ssf]
klxrfgdf sl7gfO{ x' g ' s f ;fy}
;lrjn] hgbafadf k/] /
gful/stfsf] l;kmfl/; ug'{k/]sf]
cg'ejn] b]vfp"5 . j+zh / hGdsf]

cfwf/df gful/stf k|fKt ug{' kof{Kt

k|df0f k'ofpg g;sL gful/stfaf6
al~rt JoolQmnfO{ gful/stf k|fKt
ug]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf]af6 w]/} u}/g]kfnL
gful/sn] gful/stf lnPsf] s'/f
;~rf/ dfWodaf6 k|;f/0f ePsf]
kfOG5 . h;nfO{ lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{nox?df k/]sf] ph'/Lx?n] ;d]t
k|i6 kfb{5 . cfdfsf] gfdaf6 dfq}
gful/stf k|bfg ug]{ xf] eg] ljjfxk"j{
gful/stf lnO{ ef/tLo gful/s;"u
ljjfx u/]sf dlxnfsf ;Gtfgn] ;d]t
gful/stf lng;Sg] hf]lvd 5 . o;n]
gful/stf P]g / lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg
ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . ljutsf
6f]nLx?df ab\lgotk"j{s g]kfnL
gful/stf lnPsf u} / g] k fnLsf]
5fglag u/L g]kfnL gful/stfaf6
x6fpg]tkm{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Wofg hfg
cfjZos 5 . u}/g]kfnL gful/snfO{
g]kfnL gful/stf lbg' g]kfnsf] /fli6o
lxtdf x'g ;Sb}g . gful/stfnfO{
cfd;j{;fwf/0fsf] kx'r
" df k'ofpg
ef}uf]lns ljs6 tyf pRr hg;+Vof
j[l[ 4b/ ePsf zx/f]Gd'v If]qx?df yk
Onfsf tyf ;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{nox?
:yfkgf ug{ cfjZos 5 . gful/stf
P]g, lgod / lgb]l{ zsfdf /x]sf bf]xf]/f]
cy{ nfUg] k|fjwfgx? ;+zf]wg ug]t{ km{
u[x dGqfnosf] kxnsbdL ckl/xfo{
5 . o:tf k|fjwfgx?n] sd{rf/L
cGof] n df kg' { s f ;fy} hgtf /
sd{rf/LaLr clk|o ;DaGw ;d]t
:yflkt u/fp"5 . gful/stf ljt/0f
sfo{df ;+nUg lgsfosf sd{rf/Lsf]
sfo{Ifdtfdf ;'wf/ tyf b]ze/
gful/stf ljt/0f tyf clen]v
Joj:yfkgdf Ps?ktf Nofpg tflnd
cfjZos 5 . ljs6 kxf8L tyf
u| f dL0f If] q sf gful/sx?nfO{
;j{;'ne?kdf gful/stf pknAw
u/fpg k|To]s jif{df gful/stf 6f]nL
v6fpg ;s] d f uf8Lef8f tyf
ef} u f] l ns ljs6tfs} sf/0fn]
gful/stfaf6 sf]xL klg al~rt
x'g'kb}{g . /fHon] k|To]s g]kfnL
gful/sn] gful/stf k| f Kt u/L
cfTd;Ddfgsf ;fy af"Rg kfpg]
jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug'{kb{5 . k|To]s
gful/sn] uj{ ; fy cfk" m df
g]kfnLkgsf] cg"e"lt ug{ kfp"5 .
gful/stf k|To]s ju{, ;Dk|bfo, efu,
wd{, ;+:s[lt, e]ife"iff / /xg;xg
ePsf gful/sx?nfO{ Pstfsf] ;"qdf
cfj4 ug]{ aGwg klg xf] . o;n] x/]s
gful/sdf /fli6o efjgf hfu[t u/fO{
/fli6o Pstf dha't agfp"5 . ctM
gful/stf ljt/0fnfO{ ;j{;n
' e?kdf
hgtfsf] glhs k'ofpg ;s]df o;n]
;'zf;gsf] If]qdf Pp6f gof" v'8l\ snf]
yKg] lglZrt 5 .

l;d]G6sf] u'0f:t/ cg'udg ul/g]

sf7df8f}F . u'0f:t/ tyf gfktf}n ljefun] cfpFbf] dlxgf l;d]G6
pBf]udf k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|L tyf pTkflbt a|f08df s]lGb|t /x]/ cg'udg
ug{] ePsf] 5 . l;d]G6 pBf]usf pTkfbgsf] tf}n / pkef]Qmfsf] u'gf;f]nfO{
Wofg lbFb} pBf]un] k|of]u ug{] ;fdu|L / pTkflbt a|f08sf af/]df cg'udg
h?/L /x]sf] ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . ljefusf pkdxflgb{]zs ljZjafa'
k'8f;}gLn] s]xL l;d]G6 pBf]un] u'0f:t/ lrXg lng cfgfsfgL ug{, s]xL
;do pBf]u rnfP/ aGb ug{ / pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g] sRrf kbfy{sf
af/]df :ki6 hfgsf/L glbg] u/]sf] atfP . clgjfo{ u/fOPsf tLg
lsl;dsf l;d]G6 -cf]lk;L, lklk;L / lkP;;L_ afx]s cGo l;d]G6 pTkfbg
ug{ pBf]usf pTkfbgdf / ltgn] k|of]u ug{] ;fdu|Ldf ;d:of b]lvPsf]
pkef]Qmfsf] u'gf;f]] 5 . pkdxflgb]z
{ s k'8f;}gLn] eg] ltxf/nuQ} ;a}
pBf]udf lg/LIf0fsf nflu k|fljlws k7fpF5f}+ / lg/LIf0fsf nflu cfJXfg
ug{ pBf]ux?df klg ljefusf k|fljlws k'Ug]5g\ . s]xL ;docl3 ljefun]
ljleGg pBf]usf @! hgfnfO{ u'0f:t/;DaGwL k|fljlws tflnd lbPsfn] l;d]G6
] f] pgsf] bfaL 5 .
pTkfbgdf b]lvg] k|fljlws ;d:of ;'Nemfpg ;xof]u k'us
ljefusf cg';f/ sRrf kbfy{df lg/Gt/ kl/jt{g x'g] / pBf]uleqsf]
Joj:yfksLo sf/0fn] cg'udgdf ;d:of cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . pBf]u ljefudf
xfn ^* l;d]G6 pBf]ux? btf{ eP klg ljefusf] cg'udgdf sl/a #^
pBf]un] !%) eGbf a9L a|f08df l;d]G6 pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

cGt/f{li6o l;d;f/ ;Dd]ng ;DkGg

sf7df8f}F . l;d;f/ gLlt sfo{qmd sfo{of]hgfnfO{ ;dfofg'sn
' kl/dfh{g
u/L nfu' ug{] nufot ( a'bF ] 3f]if0ffkq hf/L ub}{ kf]v/fdf ePsf] cGt/f{li6o
l;d;f/ ;Dd]ng ;lsPsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngn] kf]v/f pkTosfdf /x]sf] l;d;f/
If]qsf] PsLs[t sfo{of]hgf agfO{ l5} /fd;f/ If]qdf ;"lrs[t ug{ kxn
ug{] nufotsf a'Fbf cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . :yfgLo, /fli6o, cGt/f{li6o u/L
tLg txsf] ;+hfn lgdf{0f u/L lbuf] ljsf;sf] nflu cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg
u/L sfd ug{, l;d;f/ lzIff hgr]tgfsf sfo{qmdx? :yfgLotxdf k'ofP/
k|rf/ k|;f/ ug{, hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 l;d;f/ If]qdf kg{uPsf] c;/
cWoog u/L sfo{of]hgfx? th{'df ug{ klg 3f]if0ff kqdf pNn]v ul/Psf]
5 . kf]v/f 3f]if0ffkqnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/L g]kfnsf l;d;f/ If]qsf] ljsf;sf
nflu kxn ug{;Dd]ngsf ;xefuLx?n] k|ltj4tf hgfPsf 5g\ .

h'jfsf] /sd ljBfnonfO{

sf7df8f}F . afFs] lhNnfsf] vh'/fdf h'jfsf] vfndf 5fkf df/L k|x/Ln]
a/fdb u/]sf] /sd Ps ljBfnonfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ePsf] 5 . ltxf/sf]
;dodf h'jftf; v]ln/x]sf] cj:yfdf afu]Zj/L & af6 ;fthgf h'jf8]nfO{
?= ^( xhf/;lxt k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no
wgf}nLsf] 6f]nLn] a/fdb u/]sf] /sd :yfgLo dgsfdgf g]kfn /fli6o
lgdfljnfO{ ;xof]u :j?k k|bfg ul/g] ePsf] 5 . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{nosf
cg';f/ a/fdb ul/Psf] /sd cf}krfl/s sfo{qmd u/L ljBfnonfO{
x:tfGt/0f ul/g]5 .
o;}u/L p9/fk'/af6 klg ?= @@ xhf/ /sd;lxt gf} h'jf8] kqmfp
k/]sf lyP . pgLx?af6 a/fdb ul/Psf] /sd p9/fk'/df /x]sf] efg'
lgDg dfWolds ljBfnonfO{ ;xof]u ul/g]ePsf] 5 . ltxf/sf ;dodf dfq
g]kfnuGhaf6 @* hgf h'jf8]nfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] / pgLx?af6 sl/a ?= !
nfv %) xhf/ a/fdb ePsf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 .

bHof{gL lrGx k|of]u ug{ aGb]h

sf7df8f}F . u[x dGqfnon] /fHosf ;'/Iff lgsfox?n] k|of]u ug{ sDJof8
kf]zfs / bh{ofgL lrGxx? ;j{;fwf/0f / lghL ;'/IffsdL{ sDkgLx?nfO{
k|of]u ug{ aGb]h nufPsf] 5 . dGqfnon] lj1lKt hf/L ljutdf o:tf
kf];fssf] b'?kof]u u/L 7uL ug{ / n'6kf6sf 36gf ePsf / eljiodf
;d]t o:tf 36gf bf]xf]l/g ;Sg] x'bF f ;j{;fwf/0f JolSt, ;'/Iff ;]jf k|bfg
ug{ k|fOe]6 sDkgLn] o; lsl;dsf kf]zfs / lrGx k|of]u ug{ u/fpg
k"0f{?kdf aGb]h nufPsf] hgfPsf] 5 .
:jb]z tyf ljb]zsf ;'/Iff lgsfox?df sfd ug{ axfnjfnf jf
;]jflgj[Q g]kfnLn] ;d]t ;/sf/L st{Jokfngsf] l;nl;nfdf afx]s sDJof8
kf]zfs / bhf{gL lrGx k|of]u ug{ lgif]w ul/Psf] 5 . o; ;"rgf ljk/Lt
sfo{ eP u/]sf] kfOPdf k|rlnt sfg'gadf]lhd sf/afxL x'g] ;d]t dGqfnon]
hgfPsf] 5 .

;fj{ h lgs :yfgdf w" d | k fg

u/] d f hl/jfgfdf kl/G5

/Lg h:tfkftf pTkfbg ;'?

sf7df8f}F . ax'/fli6o sDkgL cf/tL l:6k k|flnn] ?= Ps ca{ @)
s/f]8sf] nfutdf /Lg h:tfkftf / ss{6kftfsf] pTkfbg ;'? u/]sf] 5 .
df]/sf] 6Ll;gjf/Ldf ;~rflnt ;f] pBf]un] ljut !! jif{bl] v ;fbf h:tfkftf
/ ss{6 kftfeGbf pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . tLgu'0ff a9L vKg]
ePsfn] g]kfn / ef/tsf] kxf8L tyf lxdfnL If]qaf6 a9L dfu ePsfn]
cf/tL l:6kn] klg /Lg h:tf / ss{6kftfsf] pTkfbg ;'? u/]sf] k|flnsf
dxfk|aGws ;+lhj zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] OG8f]hd{ k|ljlwaf6 d'DaO{df
ag]sf] cTofw'lgs d]l;gaf6 xl/of], /ftf], ;]t] /;lxt dfu u/]cg';f/sf]
/df ss{6 h:tfkftf pTkfbg ul/g] pNn]v ub}{ g]kfn / ef/tdf kl5Nnf]
;do /Lg h:tfkftfsf] cTolws dfu ePsf sf/0f pTkfbg ;'? u/]sf xf}F
pgsf] egfO lyof], sDkgLf/f pTkflbt ;fbf h:tfkftfn] h:t} /Lg
h:tfkftfn] klg u|fxssf] dg lhTg]5 . jflif{s $) xhf/ 6g ss{6 h:tfkftf
pTkfbg ug]{ nIosf ;fy ;'? ul/Psf] gofF KnfG6df ;ohgfeGbf a9L dhb'/
/ sd{rf/Ln] k|ToIf /f]huf/L kfpg] zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbP . dxfk|aGws zdf{n]
cf/tL l:6kn] uPsf] jif{x? gf} ca{ %) s/f]8sf] sf/f]af/ u/]sf] hfgsf/L
lbFb} g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ?= Ps ca{ @) s/f]8 Eof6 a'emfPsf] / ?= @) s/f]8
cGo s/;d]t a'emfPsf] atfP . zdf{n] /Lg ss{6 h:tfkftfsf] KnfG6;lxt
cf/tL l:6k k|flndf clxn];Dd sl/a ?= tLg ca{ nufgL eO;s]sf] atfP .
k|flnsf k|zf;g zfvf k|dv
' lbj; g]kfnn] @)%* ;fndf 6Ll;gjf/L @ df
:yfkgf ePsf] cf/tL l:6k k|flndf %)) eGbf a9L dhb'/ / sd{rf/Ln]
k|ToIf /f]huf/ kfPsf] hfgsf/L lbP . ef/tsf] r08Lu8df d'Vo sDkgL
/x]sf] e"if0f kfj/ PG8 l:6n u|'ksf] g]kfn;lxt ljZjsf b'O{ bh{g b]zdf
pBf]u ;~rfngdf /x]sf] 5 . cf/tLn] rf}la;}3G6f cfgf pTkfbg ug]{ u/]sf]
atfpFb} pTkflbt h:tfkftf g]kfn / ef/tsf ahf/df vkt x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .

kG5Lx?sf] aw ug]{ tyf df;'sf] pkef]u ug]{ k|j[lQ kl/jt{g u/f}+ .

a8{km\ n h:tf kG5LhGo /f]ux?sf] lgoGq0fdf ;xefuL agL,
cfk"m klg arf}+ ;dfhnfO{ klg arfcf}+ .
kG5Lx?sf] aw 3/aflx/ kfgLsf] ;|f]teGbf 6f9f ug]{ u/f}F .
s'v'/f sf6]kl5 e'OF /fd|f];Fu kvfNg], k'5\g] -lg;+qmd0f_ u/f}F .
aw ul/;s]kl5 s'v'/f tyf sfFrf] df;'sf] n;k;af6 afnaflnsfx?nfO{
6f9} /fvf}F .
df;' sf6]kl5 lg:sg] kmf]xf]/, ;'nL, Kjfn cflbnfO{ hyfefjL gkmfnL
vfN8f]df uf8\g] jf hnfpg] u/f}F .
s'v'/f;Fusf] n;k; tyf df;' sf6\g] sfd ;lsPkl5 ;fa'g kfgLn] /fd|f];Fu
xft w'g] u/f}F .
leqL efu;Dd /fd|f];Fu kfs]sf] s'v'/fsf] df;' dfq vfg] u/f}F .
la/fdL jf d/]sf s'v'/fsf] df;' s'g} klg cj:yfdf vfg] gu/f}F .
c08fsf] leqL;Dd ;fx|f] x'g] cj:yf;Dd pdfn]/ of ksfP/ vfg] u/f}F .

a8{km\ n' /f]usf] /f]syfd / lgoGq0fdf xfdL ;a}sf] k|lta4tf

g]kfn ;/sf/

s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfno kz' ;]jf ljefu

Pleog OGk\mn'oGhf lgoGq0f cfof]hgf

a"9fgLns07, sf7df8f},F kmf]gM $^%)!@*&, $^%)$(!, $^%)!@*

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@

lhpbfnfO{ sf7sf] 3/, dg]{nfO{ O6fsf] lrxfg

r}tdf;sf] 3fd /gSs /Gs]sf]
5 . hldg et\etL tft]sf] 5 .
3/af6 ot} st} lgl:sg klg a8f]
uf/f] . kl;g}kl;gfn] n'5'?Ss
leHg] . zfob 3/ b]z 5f8L k/b]z
P;Lsf] lr;f]df a:g] afgLn] xf]nf
of] HofgnfO{ 3/b]zdf 3fdkfgL klg
nfUg] . aNnaNn b'O{ jif{df 3/
uPsf], b'O{ dlxgf labf kfPsf] To;}
Tof] ;donfO{ 3ls{g lbg'x'Gg eGg]
nflu/x]sf] lyof] . To;} ;dodf efO
ufpFaf6 lrtjg cfOk'Uof] / bfO
hfpF d]/f] ;;'/fnLlt/ 3'Dg eg] kl5
s] vf]H5;\ sfgf] cfFvf eg] h:tf]
ef] dnfO{ p;f] / t 3/ agfpg]sf]
rk] 6 f t 5F b } l yof] . t/, klg
ar]v'r]sf] s]xL ;donfO{ ;b'kof]u
ug{] dg;fon] d}n] x'G5 elglbPF .
cfh hfg] ef]ln kmls{g] lx;fan] xfdL
lrtjgaf6 To; lbg 7Ls Ps ah]
x] 6 f} F 8 f x' F b } efOsf] ;;' / fnL
jL/uGhlt/ x'Olsof}F . d}n] cfk"m;Fu
ePsf] /fd|f] df]afO{n ;]6 sf7df8f}dF f
ePsf] Pp6f ;flxlTos sfo{qmddf
x/fPsf]n] cfkm}n
F ] a'9LnfO{ NofOlbPsf]
;]6, 8fo/L, snd / Sofd/f Nofk6k
Aofudf af]s]sf] lyPF eg] efOn]
km]/kmf/ ug{'k5{ eg]/ s]xL sk8f
af]s]sf] lyof] . xfdLn] lrtjgaf6
k"j{ hfg] clUg a; ;dfTof}F . xfdL
r9]sf] a;n] c? ;jf/L ;fwgx?nfO{
pl5g\b} cl3 a9\g yfNof] . a;
lrtjgsf] ;dy/ e"efunfO{ 5f8]/
dsjfgkf]/sf] dgx/L 6]Sg k'Uof] .
a;sf] ofnaf6 em'n'Ss b]lvPsf]
dgx/L ahf/nfO{ a;n] 5f8]/ uP
klg dgn] eg] tTsfn} 5f8\g ;s]g .
;lDemPF ;fgfdf sl/a bzafx| jif{
cl3 Tof] dgx/L vf]nfdf kf}l8Psf],
ahf/df dMd vfPsf] . slt /dfOnf]
lyP tL lbgx? cfh klg tfh} 5
of] dg clg dl:tisdf . uf8L eg]
Psgfzn] x'Ols/Xof] . d eg] dgsf]
Sofd/fn] s'bb\ } u/]sf tL b[Zox?nfO{
xtf/xtf/ s}b ub}{ dgs} 8fo/Ldf
xtf/xtf/ n]Vb} lyPF . k/k/;Dd
b]lvPsf dgdf]xs b[Zo, 8fF8f kv]/f
clg 3gf h+un, ;'ss
] f au/x? d]/f]
:d[ltdf cgf}7f] cfs[lt agfpFb} lyof] .
xfdL r9] s f] a; kyn} o faf6
lghu9tkm{ nfUg] x' F b f xfdLn]
x]6f}8F fdf cf]ln{P/ l;w} la/uGh hfg]
a; ;dfTg] lgwf] uof},+{ a;sf] /tf/
Tolt g} a9L lyof] . a]nfa]nf efOnfO{
s]xL ;f]W5' / s]xL ;Nnfx lbG5' sfg
efOlt/ t];f{P klg cfFvfrflxF To;/L
g} aflx/lt/ g} tGs]sf lyP . s:tf]
la8Dagf %^ ;fn cl3 h:tf]
lyof] ;8ssf] ult cem} To:t} lyof],
hxfF txLF eTs]/ u|fa]n 5/k:6
b]lvGy] eg] uf8L Tof]dfly 6]s/] bf}8g'
kbf{ s/G6 nfu] em}F x'GYof] eg] w'nf]
p8]/ afbn aGYof] . ;8s jl/kl/sf
af] 6 la?jf df;] / dfga a:tL
lj:tf/n] dsjfgk'/ lhNnfdf klg
ult lnPsf] /x]5 lrtjgdf em}+ eGg]
nflu/Xof] . lbgsf] $ gaHb} xfdL
x]6f}8F f cfOk'Uof}F / cf]ln{of}F klg x]6f}8F f
a;kfs{df . efO jL/uGh hfg] a;
vf]Hg yfNof] eg] drfFlx ToxL jl/kl/
g} 6xlnPF . dsjfgk'/sf] ;b/d'sfd
x]6f}F8f ahf/ jf:tjd} ;'Gb/ b]v]F .
pQ/L df]8df xl/of] a:qdf y'Dsfx?
x]6f}8F f ahf/tkm{ kms{/] d':s'/fO/x]sf
lyP eg] klZrdL df]8tkm{ /fKtL
au]sf] lyof] . p;f] t dWodf~rnsf]
If]qLo k|zf;g x'gfn] klg oxfF
rf/}lt/sf dfG5]x? cfOk'Ug] u5{ .
Joj;flos lx;fan] lg of] ahf/
lgSs} km:6fpFbf] 5 . lsgls kxf8
/ t/fO{sf] ;+ud x'gn] kxf8sf] t/fO{
/ t/fOsf] kxf8 dfG5] dfq} geP
;/;fdfg klg k'Ug] / cfOk'Ug] u5{ .
t/ dfga a:tL la:tf/;Fu} dfgasf]
j[l4n] xf]nf cGo zx/ em}F of] zx/
klg kmf]xf]/af6 c5'tf] /xg ;s]g

5 . htftt} 9n km'6/] b'ul{ Gwt lyof] .

a;kfs{ glhs} kfl/hft lbbLsf]
;flnslg/ 6f]nfpb} lyPF bfObfO uf8L
kfOof] t/ !) ldg]6 kl5 dfq} hfG5
/] eGb} efO cfOk'Uof] . l7Ss} 5 l6s6
lng' / ;;'/fnLnfO{ sf];n] L s]xL kmnk"mn
lsGg' eg] / Ps xhf/ efOnfO{
yDofOlbPF bfO ePsf] x}l;otn] .
lsgls xfd|f] /Lltl/jfhcg';f/ xfdLn]
;u'g /S;L / df;'sf] yf]U;]+ cyf{t
l;bg nfg'kYof]{, h'g xfdLn] af]s]sf
lyPgf}F . lsgls xfdLx? hfF8/S;L To:tf] ;+:sf/_ sf] la/f]wL lyof], efO
x; eg]/ lsgd]n ug{lt/ nfUof] . d
eg] Psxf]/f] kfl/hft lbbLsf] ;flns
ePlt/ x]l//x]F . o:t} a]n'sfsf] $
ah]lt/ a; 5'6\of] ToxfFaf6 . zx/
clt /fd|f] t/ ;8s eg] x]g{ gx'g] .
u08\ofu'08' ;8sdf a; u'l8/xbfF
a; leqsf] ofq'x? ;a} wfdL sfd]
h:t} b]lvGy]F ;fob a;n] pkmf/]/
xf]nf . t/fO{lt/ x'O{lsg] a; ePsf]n]
xf]nf a; leq k|foM ;a} t/fO{af;L
b]lvGy]F . ;fob sf7df8f}Fb]lvsf] ofqf
lyof] ltgLx?sf] To;}n] ;a}sf] cfFvf
/ftf / ;a} ylst d'b|fdf b]lvGy] .
x]6f}8F f ahf/ h;} 5f8\of}F xl/ofnL h+un
xfdLn] ;dfTof}F . d?e"lddf $ jif{
latfPsf]n] xf]nf afn'j} afn'jf b]vs
] f
oL cfFvfx? tL xl/ofnL;Fu ;Def]u
u/]/ lgs} cfglGbt x'Fb} lyP . s]xL
a]/df :vlnt klg eof] . a;sf] ofn
cfwfcfwL vf]lnPsf] lyof] . ltg}
cfwfcfwL ofnaf6 ?vsf ;'s]sf
kftx? / :jR5 xfjf d]/f] cw/ r'Dg
cfO/xGYof] . h;n] dnfO{ emg} a9L
cfglGbt agfO/x]sf] lyof] . o:tf] nfUof]
dfgf} dnfO{ oL jg h+un vf]nfgfnfx?n]
df}g :jfut ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfk"m PSn}
o;/L x/fO/xFbf efOnfO{ af]/ nfUnf
eG7fg]/ pgLx?sf] lax] s;/L ;Dej
eof] < s;/L Tolt 6f9fsf] s]6L b'nxL
kfO;\ eg]/ ;f]Wg yfn]F . bfOh:tf]n]
;f]lw;s]kl5 efOn] clns nhfpFb}
cfgf] /fdsxfgL ;'gfpg yfNof] . d
eg] sfg efOlt/ / cfFvf eg] aflx/sf]
;'Gb/ b[Zofjnsg ub}{y]F . olts}df
r'l/ofdfO{sf] dlGb/ b]lvof] . c?n] s]
s] ;f]r] cyf{t\ ;lDemP, d}n] eg] a;df
;jf/ ;Dk"0f{ofqLx?sf] ofqf ;kmn
/xf];\ eg]/ cfFvf lrDn]/ sfdgf u/]F .
ca eg] a;n] r'l/ofdfO{nfO{ k5fl8
5f8]/ cufl8 x'FOlsg ;'? uof] .
clns cufl8 a9]kl5 stfstf s]
s] 89]sf] h:tf] eg'F 89]nf]n] ;vfk
kf/]sf] jgsf bfp/f 3fF;kftsf] uGw
gfsdf :jf; cfof] . udL{sf] df};d
To;dfly t/fO{sf] jg To:tf 89]nf] t
uO/xg] . ;DalGwt lgsfon] 89]nf]
/f] s yfdsf] nflu of] h gf agfP/
sfo{qmdx? sfof{Gjgdf Nofpg] xf] eg]
s]xL xb;Dd eP klg g]kfnsf ;'Gb/
jgx? dfl;g / 86\gaf6 /f]Sg ;lsGYof]
xf]nf t/ oxfF To:tf] rng g} 5}g .
a? cfunfuL eOxfNof] eg] klg
To;nfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng] s'g} k|ljlw g}
5}g xf]nf ;fob gq 89]nf] nfu]sf]
306f}F x'Fbf klg 89]nf] lgoGq0fdf
gcfPsf]
va/x?
lsg
;~rf/dfWodx?df cfO/xGYof] / <
emg\ To;dfly jgsf sf7, jg
k}bfj/x? rf]/L, kmF8fgLn] t d'6' g}
:jf; 3f]Rg] . ;DemFbf klg d'6' e6\e6L
b'v]/ cfpg] . ca d]/f] dfq d'6' b'v]/
s] g} x'g] xf] / < xl/of] jg g]kfnsf]
wg eg]/ xfdLn] ;fgfdf k9]sf]
lstfad} ;Lldt /xg] 8/ t oyfjt\
g} 5 . h]h] eP klg xfd|f] ofqf
/f]lsPg . xfdL a9\b} uof}F . s]xL ;do
kl5 kyn}of k'Uof}F . ToxfFsf] l:ylt
b]Vbf t emg\ d]/f] dfq xf]Og g]kfnL
hf]sf]xLsf] klg dg b'V5 ;fob.
h+unsf] w]/}h;f] efu kFm8fgL u/]/
dfgj a:tL kf] a;fn]sf /x]5g\ cem
sltkon] t vghf]t ug{ v]taf/L g}
kf] agfO;s]5g\ jg df;]/ . of]eGbf

/fh]z ?Daf /fO{

b'Mv nfUbf] b[Zo c? s] x'g ;S5 /<
o:tf] nfUof] d s'g} z/0ffyL{ lzlj/df
5' . oL ;a b[Zox?nfO{ d}n] dl:tissf]
8fo/Ldf sf]/]F / k'gM a;;Fu} cuf8L
cfFvfx? ;f]ofPF . ;fFemsf] %M)) aHg}
cfF6]sf] x'Fbf] xf] xfdLn] lhtk'/nfO{
r'Dof}F . s]xL jif{cufl8 jL/uGh hfFbf
xfdLn] bxLlrp/f vfPsf] ahf/ clxn]
ahf/eGbf klg a9L 8lDk ;fO6
ePh:tf] kf] b]v]F . ahf/ klxn] h:tf]
lyPg . k"/} ;'s'daf;L 6f]nn] 9fs]sf]
h:tf] b]v]F . kmf]x/sf] t s] s'/f ug{
cem . udL{ p:t} . g]kfndf eP klg
o:tf] nfUof] ToxfFsf] /xg;xg /
xfjfkfgL dfgf} d stf/d} 5' g ls
g]kfnsf] s'g} e"efudf . a;sf] ofqf
klg oxLF;Dd} dfq} lyof] . laxfgsf]
vfgfafx]s k]6df c? s]xL gxfn]sf]n]
k]6df d';fx? bf}8b} cfGbf]ng ug{
yfln;s]sf] lyof] . ltgLx?nfO{ ;dod}
;Daf]wg ug{ ;lsPg eg] Uofl:6s
eGg] ;d:of cfpg ;Sg] s'/fnfO{
dWogh/ ub}{ xfdL b'j} bfh'efO
glhs}sf] xf]6ndf k:of}F / e'6g /
lrp/fsf] ;fydf PsPs /]8a'n lkof}F .
s]xL /fxt dx;'; uof] k]6n] . ca
xfdLn] 6fFuf klqmg' lyof] efOsf]
;;'/fnLlt/ nfUg . ToxfFaf6 sl/a
@! lsnf]ld6/ klZrd -k;f{ lhNnfsf]
algof/ ufla;_ hfg' kg]{ ePsf]n] xfdL
b'O{ efO glhs}sf] kmf]x/ / xfF;sf]
So|fSo|f ;'Fb}, ;'Gb} 6fFuf klv{g
yfNof}F . s]xL a]/df 6fFuf kfOof] t/
6fFufsf] lgodcg';f/ tLghgf ofqL
geO{ ghfg] ePsf]n] csf]{ Pshgf
ofq'sf] kvf{O{df s]xL a]/ Tof] ahf/
lgofln/Xof}F . l5} g} csf]{ ofqL klg
kfOPsf]df xfdL v';L lyof}F . d]/f]
cfdfsf] 3/sf] vf]/df ePsf] af]sf
hqf] ;fgf] uwfnfO{ 6fFufsf] ?kdf k|of]u
ul/Psf] b]Vbf dg s:tf] s:tf] eP/
cfof] . c;fWo} dfof nfu]/ cfof] Tof]
uwfsf] . h] h:tf] eP klg cfgf]
uGtJodf k'Ug'lyof] To;}n] dg a'emfPF .
3fd st} vf]N;fleq k;]sf]n] cWofF/f]n]
cfgf] ;fd|fHo km}nfpg ;'? u/]sf]
lyof] eg] af6f] klg vfN8fv'N8Ln]
el/Psf]n] xf]nf xfdL pk|mFb} lyof}F
6fFufdf . xfd|f] b]zsf] xfO{j]sf] l:ylt
t bogLo cj:yfsf] 5 eg] Tof] t
ljr/f 6fFuf s'6g\ ] af6f] g lyof] w'n}
w'nf]n] xfdLnfO{ cla/ 5/] h;/L
:jfut ub}{ lyof] . x'g t Tof] ufpF g}
lyof] oBlk kSsL 3/ / lah'nL aQLn]
/f}gstf yk]sf] lyof] . olt v]/;Dd
Aofudf ePsf] Sofd/f df}g a;]sf]
dx;'; u/]F / xQ g kQ lems]/ pwf]F
uO/x]sf] 6fFufsf] t:jL/ lvlrxfn]F .
hlthlt efOsf] ;;'/fnL glhs k'Ug
yfNof},F pltplt d]/f] dgdf sf}tx' ntfn]
af; ub}{ uof] . cfk"mnfO{ t ;;'/fnL
eg] kl5 To;} t cgf}7f] nfUg] To;dfly
efO{sf] ;;'/fnL cem To;dfly xfd|f]
;Gtfgd} s;}sf] klg cfkmGt gePsf]
7fpFsf] s]6L b'nxLsf] ?kdf efOn]
s;/L e]6fP5 eGg] nfUof] . ;fdfGo
hfgsf/L klxn] g} eP klg efOnfO{
a'xf/L;Fu ;Dks{ x'g s;/L ;Dej
eof] < eGg] k|Zg /fv]F . p;sf]
egfOcg';f/ /]l8of] jL/uGh ;'Gg]
qmddf / ToxfF s]xL /rgfx? ;'gfpg]
qmddf uLt kmdf{O; ug{ kfpYof] /],
ToxLa]nfb]lv /]l8of] jL/u~haf6
PscsfnfO{ lrg] / gfd 7] u fgf
Pscsf{sf] kfP/ kqldqtfaf6 ;'?
ePsf] kl5 ljjfxdf kl/0ft ePsf]
/] . ;'Gbf a8f] /dfOnf] s'g} lkmlndsf]
syfem}F nfUYof] . cflv/ dfofsf]
cufl8 s;sf] s] nfU5 / lrGb}
glrg]sf] dfG5] kqsf] e/df Ps csf{
x]6f}8F fdf e]63f6 u/L a'xf/Ln] efOnfO{
oxL af6f] lxF8fP/ /ftf/ft NofPsf]
/] . ck/lrt s]6f NofO{ dWo /ftdf
5f]/L cfPsf]b]lv kl5 ;f;';;'/fn]

leq} k:g glbPsf] s'/fn] dnfO{ emg

lkmlndem}F nfUof] . elgG5 lg 5f]/fn]
cfF6] a;]{lg 5f]/Ln] cfF6] Ps}l5g xf],
To;} eP5 . d d/] lg 5f8\lbg of]
s]6fnfO{ d a? clxn] g} hfG5' d]/f]
sk8f lbp/ eGb} a'xf/L /f]Os/fO{kl5
;;'/f af ?Fb} To;f] geg 5f]/L a?
cfp leq} lnP/ eGg' ePsf]/] clg
/ftf/ft cfcfkm}F df;' eft agfO{
vfO a;]sf] /] . clg ;f;'rflxF cem}
af]Ng' ePsf] lyPg /] . ukm}ukmdf
xfdLn] ;;' / fnL 6f] n df kfOnf
6]ls;s]5f}F . Tof] 6f]nsf] klxnf] @
u/]sL tfdfsL 5f]/L ePsLn] ;a}n]
a'xf/LnfO{ s'df/L nfdf eg]/ lrGbf
/x]5g\ / t dw'/ k|sfzdf lg p
s'df/Lsf] nf]Ug] cfOk'u5
] eg]/ u'gu' g'
ub}{y] . Toltg} v]/ Pshgf cwa};]+
nf]Ug]dfG5] cfFugdf b]vf kof] . efOn]
;;'/f af eg]/ lrgfP kl5 xfd|f]
;+:sf/cg';f/ xfdLn] pxfFnfO{ 9f]Uof}F
/ 3/leq k:of}F . 3/df !) jif{sf]
;fnf / !% jif{sL ;fnL, cfdf, afaf
dfq} x'bF f]/x]5 eg] c? b'Oh
{ gf ;fnfx?
d h:t} j} b ] l zs /f] h uf/Ldf
hfg'ePsf] /x]5 . lbgel/sf] a;sf]
ofqf To;dfly 6fFufsf] 3Rofs3'rs
' n]
lhp v'a} uln/x]Yof] . To;}n] l5}
vfgf vfOj/L xfdL cf]5o\ fgdf klN6of}F
t/ ;'t]gf}F . vf;df d ToxfF 3'Dgsf]
nflu dfq} uPsf] lyPg . ToxfFsf]
tfdfx?sf] l:ylt, ljut / jt{dfg
;a} hfGg' lyof] dnfO{ lsgls dnfO{
cfgf] j+zhsf] af/]df vf]h cg';Gwfg
ug{] / gofF s'/fx? kQf nufpg v'a
dHhf nfU5 . To;} n ] glhs}
klN6/xg'ePsf] ;f;';;'/f;Fu d t
ulkmg kf] yfn]F efO eg] lgbfpg
yfNof] . pgLx?n] klg ljb]z a;]/
cfPsf] nfx'/] g} ;lDemP dnfO{ /
v' ? v' ? cfgf] j[ Q fGt ;' g fpg
yfNg'eof] . pxfFx?sf] egfOcg';f/
pxfF x ?
@)#$
;fnlt/
l;Gw' k fNrf] s af6 Totflt/ emg{ '
efPsf] /x]5 . plta]nf h+un kFm8fgL
u/]/ hlt ;Sbf] cfgf] hldg agfpg
kfpg] /x]5 . sltn] tL hldgx?
cfgf] gfddf kf;\ u/] eg] sltn]
To;} ef]u rng dfq} ub}{ cfO/x]sf
/x]5g\ . kf;} gu/]sf] hldgx? klg
ufsf] $% nfvdf xf/fn'5 u/]/
laqmL x'Fbf]/x]5 . nfdf] ;':s]/f xfn]/
HjfFO ;fa olt b'Mv uof} d ls
eg]/ s] ;fWo < t/ olt b'Mv u/]/
hf]/]sf] cfgf] e"lddf zfGtn] a:g
kfP lg ;Gtf]if x'GYof] eg]/ pxfFn]
elg/xg'x'Fbf stfstf dg kmfl6P/
cfof] . k|foM h;f] ;Ldf kfl/sf
ef/tLox?n] cfP/ v'a} b'Mv lbg]
u/]sf] klg atfpg'eof] . slxn] t
n'6kf6 g} ug{] /] Tof]eGbf lg 7"nf]
s' / f t @)^)^! ;fnlt/ oL
kxf8] x ?nfO{ oxfF a:g lbGx' G g,
nv]6\g'k5{ eg]/ efnf, nf7L lnP/
cfPsf] 36gfn] clxn] klg pxfFleq
8/, qf; b]vF] . Toltv]/ cfgf] ePsf]
cGg afnL, ufO{j:t' 3/ ;a} 5f8]/
Hofg hf]ufpg efu]sf] clxn] h:t}
nfU5 eGb} x'gx' G' Yof] . Hofg hf]ufpg]
qmdd} slxn] ;}lgs Aof/]s slxn]
kxf8 t slxn] h+undf /ft latfP/
kl5 36gf ;fDo ePkl5 3/ kms{b+ f
s;}sf] s] 5}g s;}sf] s] 5}g /]
sltn] Hofg u'dfP, o:tf] s'/fx?
;' l g/xF b f dnfO{ d s' g } lkmNd
x]l//fsf]5' h:tf] nfUof] . slt kL8f
slt b'Mv slt j]bgf Tof] cfFvfdf
Tof] dgdf Tof] tgdf . d cjfs
/x]F . ;'Gbf klg cfFvfx? clgolGqt
eP/ cfFzs
' f l9Ssfx? au]/ uPgg\ .
ddf ca Tof]eGbf a9L ;'Gg ;Sg]
Ifdtf lyPg cyjf eg'F Tof]eGbf
k5fl8 uP/ clttnfO{ aNemfP/ d
pxfFnfO{ b'vfpg jf ?jfpg rfxGgy]F

To;} n ] ca ;' t f} F /ft lg lgs}

lalt;s] 5 . eg] F / cf] 5 \ o fgdf
3'Kn'Ss kN6]F . Toltv]/ /ftsf] !
alh;s]sf] lyof] . klN6g t kN6]F t/
cfFvfdf lgb k/]sf] xf]Og . k6s
k6s Tof] cl3 ev{/ ;'g]sf] s'g}
lkmNdL sxfgL em} nfUg] oyfy{ 36gf
cfFvfdf s'g} sfNklgs syfj:t'em}F
gfRg yfNof] . slt sf]l;; u/]F
lgbfpg t/ cxF k6Ss} lgb|f nfu]g .
;fob gofF 7fpF / cf]5o\ fg eP/ klg
xf]nf . cfFvf eg] lrDd} kfl//fv]F .
s]xL a]/ ;':tfPF h:tf] nfu]sf] lyof]
cfFvf vf]Hbf t ;fgL ;fnL gfgL xftdf
lrofsf] lunf; af] s ] / nhfpF b }
ple/x]sL /lxl5g\ . d lrofsf] kf/vL
gk/]sf]n] ;/L gfgL d d'v gwf]O{
lrof lkpGg . eg]/ kmsf{OlbPF . To;
kl5 p7]F / d'v w'g yfn]F . efO t
klxNo} p7]/ d'v} gwf]O{ xfjf vfFb/} x]5 .
;fgf] ;fnf afa' eg] xfd|f] nflu eg]/
;sL g;sL glhs}sf] lgdsf] xfFuf
efFRb} /x]5 bfFt dfgnfO{ . cfk"m t
ljb]zdf a:bf klg lgd v'a dg
k/fP/ kfgLdf pdfn]/ lkpg] dfG5]
v'a v';L ePF . laxfgsf] gf:tf ul/aL
/ xfdL bfh' e fO / ;fnf s] 6 f
ufpF3/sf] ef}uf]lns cj:yf a'g
lx8\of}F ;fydf 8fo/L, snd / Nofk6k
Sofd/f af]s/] . k|foM g]jf/L / tfdf
/ cGo s]xL hfltsf] a:tL /x]5 eGg]
yfxf kfPF s]xL a]/ 8'ln;s]kl5 . ;Dd
k/]sf] e"efun] ubf{ 6\ofS6/ v]t v]td}
k'Ug] x'gfn] ;a}sf] v]tdf ds}sf 3f]uf
l6d'/ ;/L kmn]sf b]v]F . k|foM 3/x?
eg] ;fnsf sf7af6 ag]sf /x]5g\ .
To; ufpF s f] clns k/ afSnf]
;fn3f/L /x]5 eg] ToxL ;fn 3f/L
k' U bf gk' U b} af} 4 wdf{ n DaLsf]
u'Daf/x]5 . cln dflylt/ lxGb'x?sf]
b'O{j6f dlGb/ lyof] . u'Daf glhs}
eg] O6fFsf y'kf| lyP . lsg oltsf
OF6f eGg] k|Zg dgdf v]ln/Xof] t/
;f]lwg . xfdL cl3 a9\b} uof}F . ;fob
ufpFnfO{ 5f8]/ h+unsf] aLrlt/ g}
k'Uof}F . ToxfF d}n] crDd b]v]F . ToxfF
OF6O} 6F fn] ag]sf] dfg] dfG5]sf] lrxfg
b]v]F . crDd o; cy{df nfUof] ls

ToxfFsf clwsf+z tdfx?sf] 3/rflxF

sf7sf] lyof] t/ lrxfg eg] OF6fsf]
ag]sf] lyof] . d}n] ;f]r]F wgLx?sf]
lrxfg xf]nf tL eg]/ t/ ;fnf s]6f
lgs} af7f /x]5g\ . pgn] elgxfNof]
oxfF dfG5] d/] kl5 x/]s 3/n] ?=
!))) sf] b/n] dg]s
{ f] 3/df a'emfpg'
kg]{ /x]5 . xf] ToxL k};fn] OF6f vl/b
u/]/ dfg] agfpFbf /x]5g\ . clg dnfO{
k|:6 ef] Tof] u'Daf glhs} y'kf/L
/fv]sf] OF6f o:t} lrxfgsf] nflu /x]5
eGg] s'/f . xfdL dlGb/ / u'DafnfO{
k'gM Psks bz{g u/]/ kmls{of}F .
kmls{+b} ubf{ xfdLn] Pshgf j[4fnfO{
af6fdf e]6\of}F . pxfF ufpFdf a}7s
a:g] ePsf] / To;sf] ;"rgf lbg
3/3/} lx8\ g ' e Psf] /x] 5 . emg\
crDd nfUof] o:tf] k|ljlwsf] o'u 5
;asf] xft xftdf df]afOn 5 / klg
pxL @! ;of}F ztfAbLdf h+uaxfb'/s}
kfnfdf h;/L 3/3/} pbL{ nufpFb}
lxF8s
] f] b]v/] . d}n] sf}tx" ntfnfO{ /f]Sg
g;s]/ ;f]lwxfn]F afh] lsg o;/L
af]nfpFb} lxF8g\ e
' Psf] < eg]/ . afh]n]
eGg'eof] of] sfd u/] jfkt dfl;s
!@) kfpF5', To;}n] lx8]sf] . eg]
d'vsf] bfofFkL ;'tL{ vfFb]/ nf} afa'
xtf/ ef] cGt lg hfg' 5 af]nfpg .
eGb} a"9fafh] s'lbxfNg'ef] . xfdL klg
ef] s nflu;s] s f] n ] xtf/xtf/
;;'/fnLlt/ bf}l8of}F . 3fd r/Ss
rls{;s]sf] lyof], ToltGh]n;Dd .
lbpF;f]sf] b'O{ alh;s]sf] /x]5 vfgf
vfO{j/L cf/fd ubf{ . 3'Dg'kg]{ /
a'g'kg]{ hlt a'lem;s]sf]n] xfdLn]
ToxfFaf6 ToxL lbg 3/ lg:sg] lgwf]
uof}+{ / ljbfjf/L eof}F . lbpF;f]sf] ;do
ePsf]n] 6\ofS6/, 6fFuf s]lx b]v]gf}F .
s]xL gb]v] kl5 Tof] @! lsnf] ld6/sf]
ofqf xfdLn] k}bn uof}{+ . lhtk'/
cfOk'Ubf a]n'sfsf] $ alh;s]sf]
lyof] . ToxfF k'u]/ vfhf vfP/ Ps
lsnf] c+u'/ lsg]/ gf/fo0fu9 hfg]
a;df r9\of}F / x'Olsof}F k'gM lxhf]s}
k| f s[ l ts dgf] / d 56fx? x] b } { .
uf]wn
' Ldf 3fdnfO{ 8fF8fn] glgNb} xfdL
lrtjgsf] cfgf] 3/df k'lu;s]sf
lyof}F .

/fhgLlts :yfloTj cfjZos

sf7df8f}F . wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf
sfod ug{sf nflu d'ns
' df /fhgLlts
:yfloTj x'g' kg]{ cGt/f{li6o ;lxi0f'tf
lbj;sf cj;/df /fhwfgLdf
cfof] h gf u/] s f] cGt/lqmofsf
;xefuLx?n] atfPsf 5g\ .
/fhgLlts :yfloTj ePdf dfq ;d[4
;dfhsf] kl/sNkgf ug{ ; lsg]
pgLx?sf] 7x/ /x]sf] 5 . dfgj
clwsf/ tyf zflGt ;dfh g]kfnn]
cGt/f{ l i6 o ;lxi0f' t f lbj;sf
cj;/df /fhwfgLdf cfof]hgf u/]sf]
cGt{lqmofsf ;xefuLx?n] d'n'sdf
ul/jL, clzIff sfod /x];Dd wfld{s
;lxi0f'tf sfod x'g g;Sg]df hf]8
lbPsf lyP . wfld{ s ;lxi0f' t f,
;b\ e fj / ;dembf/L;Eotf /
hLjgwf/fsf] lrgf/L ljifos
cGt/lqmofdf pgLx?n] g]tfx?sf]
u}/lhDd]jf/Lkgsf sf/0f d'n'ssf]

l:ylt v:sb} uPsf] atfP . g]kfnsf]

kl/k|]Ifdf cl:y/ /fhgLltn] ubf{
;dflhs Pstf, wfld{s ;lxi0f'tf
tyf ;Eotfdf g/fd|f] k|efj k/]sf]
pgLx?sf] egfO /x]sf] 5 .
sfo{qmddf ljZjlxGb' dxf;+3sf
cWoIf bfdf]b/ uf}td, /fhgLlts
ljZn]ifs ;'/]Gb| s];L, Oltxf;lj
8fS6/ /d]z 9'u+ n
] , dfgjclwsf/ tyf
zflGt ;dfhsf ;+:yfks cWoIf s[i0f
kxf8L, Pdg]i6L OG6/g]zgnsf s]lGb|o
;b:o s'df/ l3ld/], clwsf/sdL{
p4j /fodfemL, zflGt ;dfhsf
s]lGb|o ;lrj s'df/ /fh ;'j]bL
nufotn] wfdL{s ;lxi0f'tf / ;fdflhs
Pstfdf vnn k'ofpg] s'g} klg sfo{
gug{ ;j}df cfu|x u/]sf lyP . ;f]xL
sfo{qmddf slj tyf clwsf/sdL{
x]dGt bfxfnn] s?0ff / ;lxi0f'tf
ljifos sljtf jfrg u/]sf lyP .

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@

h:tf] aLpm p:t} kmn=======

d, d]/f] b]z / df]/Ssf]

dl0f zdf{

cfdf bz}+df cfzLjf{b s] lbg' eof] < hxf+ bzf lbP/ bz}+
dgfp+gs
] f] le8 b]lvG5 . d t uf+;, af; / skf; s} nflu st} ef]s}
l/S;fdf ef/L nfb]/ clg st} yfKnf]sf] gfDnf] la;fpg gkfPsf
g]kfnLx?sf] l/Qf] lgwf/ b]V5', ;fob kl;gfn] k'l5of] xf]nf plgx?sf]
laho pT;jsf] /ftf] 6Lsf clg sfgsf] kx]n
+ f] hd/f gfDnf]n] 5]Sof]
xf]nf . o'4 / cftsf] df/;+u jiff}b+{ l] v ls nf; b]p ls :jf; b]vfp
eGb} cf;f]r afl//x]sf g]kfnLx? sDtL /f]O/x]sf 5}gg . cfdf, of]
bz+} s;sf] nflu / s] sf] ljho pT;j xf] < of] ;lbcf}+ b]vLsf] lr;f]
r'Nxf] / gff] cfdf cfzfsf] lbof] afNb} bzf v]lk/x]sf ul/a g]kfnL
hgtfsf] cfjfh af]ss
] f 5f+} eGg]x? l/;f]6{ xf]6n, /]i6'/G] 6 / cfnL;fg
dxndf v;L, af]sf, s'v'/f, xf+;, /f+uf, a+u'/ / a+b]nsf] ;]s'jf
/f]hL5f8L /]8n]jn / Anfs n]an;+u x;'/]/ 8sf/b} ;+ljwfg /
hgtfsf] xslxtsf] s'/f u/]sf] va/ df]/Ssf]df a;]/ ;'Gg kfp+bf
PSn} xf+l;/x]sf] 5' . of] clk|msfdf cjl:yt k|mfG;sf] pklgj]z /lx
;s]sf] d'Vot c/jL / k|mfG;]nL efiff af]nLg] b]z /x]5 . xfd|f] h:t}
laleGg :yfgdf a]Unf a]Un} efiff klg ;'Gg kfO{G5 . d':nLd b]z eP/
klg oxf+sf hgtfn] o"/f]kn
] L ;Eotf c+ufn]sf] b]lvG5 . dlxnf sfnf]
a"sf{df lx+8s
] f] b]Vg rfdnsf] ljof+ em} vf]Hg' k5{ . w]/} h;f] c/a
d'nsf wgf9\ox? oxf+ dgf]~hgsf] nflu cfpg] /x]5g\ . xfjfkfgLsf]
lx;fjdf xfd|f] kxf8L xfjf kfgL em} oxf+ lr;f] xfjfkfgL 5 . oxf+sf
dlxnfx? ;'Gb/ /x]5g\ . ;'Gb/tfsf] /;kfg ug{ s;nfO{ kf] dg
gnfUnf, o;}n] xf]nf laeLGg b]zaf6 wgf9\o dfG5]x? cfP/ 3/
agfP/ a:b} ;'Gb/tfsf] /;kfg ul//x]5g\ . oxf+ ljb]zLnfO{ hUuf
lsg]/ cfgf] 3/ agfP/ a:g lbOg] /x]5 . oxf+sf] d'Vo v]tL uf}+
/x]5 . kmnk"mndf c+u/' , cgf/ / h}tg' sf] v]tL g} u/]sf] b]Vg kfO{G5 .
oxf+sf] vfgfdf kfp/f]6L d'Vo /x]5 . xfd|f] ufp+3/df em} oxf+ klg
st} st} kz"kfng 5 . ufO{ / e]8f oxf+sf d'Vo kz'kfngdf k5{ .
oxf+ klg g]kfndf h:t} dhb'/L ug{] ul/jx? /x]5g\ . P6nfG6Ls
dxf;fu/;+u hf]8LPsf] b]z ;d'Gb|sf] dgf]x/ 5fndf cal:yt /fhwfgL
/fjtdf 5fnfsf /fd|f /fd|f emf]nf, Hofs]6, h'tf, k]6L, k;{cGo
;fdfgx? lsGg kfO{G5 . of] b]zn] dlxnf ;'Gb/tf kl5 5fnfsf]
;fdfgdf gfd sxnfPsf] /x]5 . ;'Vvf kxf8;+u cjl:yt p/f7Lnf]
d?e"dLsf] 6f6fp eGg] :yfgdf hf+bf Toxf+sf] hxfhu|fp08 clg lkr
af6f] b]Vbf ;/sf/n] rfXof] eg] s] x'g] /x]g5 / h:tf] nfUof] . oxf+
x/]s kxf8L jl:t jl:tdf lkraf6f] / lah'nLatL k'us
] f] 5 . d}n]
df]/Ssf]sf] /fhwfgL /fjtaf6 Ps 306fsf] a; ofqfdf k'lug] cgcpbf
ufp+sf] tfn / kxf8;+u v]Ng] zf}efUo kfP+ . oxf+ klg s]lx aif{cl3;Dd
/fhfsf] zf;g /x]5 . hgtfn] k|hftGq dfu]sf] avt /utsf] vf]nf
gaufO{ oxf+sf] /fhfn] zf;g ;Qf hgtfnfO{ ;'Dk]sf] eP/ xf]nf
oxf+sf hgtfn] /fhfnfO{ ;Ddfg ug]{ /x]5g\ . dfof ug{] /x]5g .
xfd|f] b]zdf cfdf xh'/nfO{ dfof ug{] ;Gtfg b]Vg kfO{g, ;fob d
klg ;k"t x'g ;lsg . ePsf] eP of] bz}d+ f lt lr;f] r'Nxf]df d Gofgf]
cfuf] afNg]+ lyP xf]nf . jl:tsf e'mk|fx] ?af6 klg r'Nxf] hn]sf] w'jf+
lgSn+bf] xf] . cfg} af+emf] af/L hf]t/] s[ifL qmflGt leqfp+y+] xf]nf .
;'gs
] f] 5', /l;of, hfkfg nufot cGo d'ns
' df a:g] / sfd ug{
cu|hx?n] g]kfnsf] lasf;df xft xfNg yfNg' ePsf] 5 /], ul/jL
lgjf/0fdf hf]8 lbg' ePsf] 5 /], o:tf] ePs} xf] eg] cfdf lab]lzPsf
;Rrf ;k"tx?nfO{ afXo dfq xf]Og ;Qfd} a;]/ klg sfd ug{ df}sf
lbg' k5{ xf]nf . cfdf g]kfnLsf] ;kgf 6'6/] cfzf d/]sf] w]/} eof] .
d}n] ;kgf b]v+] . To;nfO{ k"/f ug{ lab]z cfP+ . t/ c?n] h:tf] ;kgf
af+8/] wf]sf lbPsf] 5}g . zxLbsf] /utdf xf]nL v]ns
] f] 5}g . cfdf
oxf+ xfd|f] 3/df h:tf] r]nLa]6Lsf] sk8f Roflt+b}g . pgLx?sf]
OR5fn] vf]lnG5 . cfdfsf] anTsf/ ug{ lab]zL u'xfl/+b}g . oxf+
cfdfsf] c+u c+u sf6\g cfg} ;Gtfg nfnflxt 5}gg . cfdf oxf+
h;n] h] a]r] klg p;sf] clwsf/ leq /x]/ p;s} efpdf a]lrG5 .
gfd h] lbP klg bfd p;sf] xftdf k5{ . p;sf] eljiosf] ;xf/f
aG5 . xfd|f] h:tf] k'?ifn] d"No tf]Sb}gg . k'?ifn] d"No s'DnfP/
dlxnfx?nfO{ g/sdf ws]Nb}gg . h'g lxhf] aDa} ;Dd k'/fO{GYof]
clxn] uNkm;Dd ws]nLPsf] 5 . h;df s]6L vf]Hg] cgk9 ufp+n] b]vL
Po/kf]6{ l5/fpg] pRrkb:y lzlIft sd{rf/L ;d]n ;fd]n] e}/x]sf5g .
clxn] cfP/ of] k]zf xfd|f] cfg} zx/ zx/df pRrkb:y kx'r
+ jfnfsf]
5q5fof+df km}nfOPsf] 5 t/ g]kfnL r]nLx?n] plrt d"No t s] cfg}
clwsf/ / OR5fdf cfgf] a:q vf]Ng / nfpg ;d]t kfp+b}gg .
xHhf/f}+ g]kfnL hgtfn] /ut aufP/ NofPsf] ;+ljwfg oqf] jif{laTbf;Dd
lbg g;Sg]x?n] s] gf/L clwsf/ / of] ;Eotfsf] b]vfl;sL unf{g
cfdf d ljZj ;fd' ge'ms]sf] ;Gtfg s;/L eGg ;S5' cb[iodf
c?sf] O{zf/fdf rln/x]5' . d lab]zdf cfgf] ;kgf k"/f ug{ ;fx'sf]
O{zf/fdf rn]+ t/ 3/df t ;kgf 6'6fpg bfh'x? lab]zL O{zf/fdf kfn}
kfnf] ;Qf xf+ls/x]sf 5g\ . ;Qfdf sfn] uf]/] h'g bfO uP klg g]kfnL
x'g / xfdLnfO{ ;+ljwfg rflxPsf] xf] . la8Djgf logdf t ;Qf /
eQfsf] xf]8afhL rln/x]5 . df]/Ssf]df klg /fhfsf] zf;g lyof] . hxf+
;fwf/0f qmflGtdf lagf /Stkft zflGt cfof] . xfd|f] b]zdf ePsf]
zflGt klg uof] . d 3/ cfP/ klg cfg} ufp+df /ftla/ft s] PSn}
lbp+;f] lx+8g\ kfp+lbg . 3/kl/jf/ 5f]8/] , of}jgdf hn]/, kl;gf kf]v/]
sdfPsf] wg ;kgf 6'6fp+b} log} bfOsf e/f}6x] ?nfO{ rGbf lbg' k5{ .
gq cnljbf eG5g . b]Vbf b]Vb} of] s:tf] lbg cfof] < g]kfn a'4
hGd]sf] b]z d s;/L eGg ;S5' hxf+ x/kn xTof, n'6, anTsf/ /
cft cfg} bfh'x?n] kfn}kfnf] dRrfO{/x]sf 5g\ . c? s;}n] xf]Og
;Qf / eQf vfPsf bfOx?n] cb[iodf /x]/ of] ;a} ul//x]sf5g\ . o;}n]
t}+ r'k d} r'k al;/x]5g\ . cfdf w]/} jif{ eof] zflGt x/fO{, ljZjf;
dof], dfof 3/df 5}g, xHhf/f}+ g]kfnLsf] /utdf xf]nL v]Nb} xfd|f
bfOx?, of] s] sf] laho pT;jdf l/;f]6{ xf]6n, /]i6'/f+ / dxndf a;]/
bz}+ dgfO{ /x]sf5g\ < cfdf s[kof PskN6 ;f]wL lbg' g s] sf] laho
pT;jdf bz}+ dgfO{/x]5g= < xfn df]/Ssf]

Pp6f ef]sfPsf] z]/ lzsf/sf]

vf]hLdf lx+8\5 . h+unsf] Pp6f
rf}/df b'O{j6f ;f"9] 3f"; rl//x]sf]
p;n] b]v/] ltgLxnfO{ cfgf] lzsf/
agfpg] ;f]rn] pm ;f"9x] nfO{ nv]6b\ }
cfp" 5 . ;f" 9 ] x klg s] sd .
pgLx b'a} ldn]/ cfgf] ltvf] l;n]
z]/dfly cfqmd0f u5{g\ . z]/ 3fOt]
eP/ cln 6f9f uP/ a:5 . Ps}l5g
;':tfP/ pm ;f]Rg yfN5 . logLxsf]
lzsf/ gu/] ef]s} dg{k' g]{ l:yltsf]
sNkgf u5{ . p;n] cfgf] zlSt
;~ro u5{ / ;f"9]xnfO{ eG5 d
PSn} 5', ltdLx b'O{ 5fF,} b'O6{ f ldn]/
Pp6fdfly cfqmd0f ug{ axfb'/L xf]Og,
;S5f} eg] PSnfPSn} cfpm, n8]/
x]/f}+ sf] alnof] 5 < ;f"9x] df cfgf]
ansf] 3d08 pTkGg x'G5 . pgLxn]
r'gf}tL :jLsf5{g\ . b'O{af6 5'lP/
Pp6f ;f"9] z]/;"u n8g hfG5 . z]/n]
PSnf] ;f9] df5{ ca csf{sf] kfnf]
cfp"5, pm emg hf]l:;P/ z]/;"u
n8\g hfG5, z]/n] p;nfO{ klg df5{ .
/fhgLlts bnx ;Qfsf] nflu
nl8/x]sf] a]nf k"j/{ fhf 1fg]Gb|n] cfk"m
km] l / /fhd' s ' 6 nufP/ /fhb08
xftdf lng] r'gf}tL lbFb} lxFl8/x]sf
5g\ . /fhtGq /fVg] ;ftbnsf]
;xdltkq b]vfpg] wDsL lbO/x]sf
5g\ . ptflt/ sfFu;
]| / Pdfn]n] To:tf]
s'g} ;xdlt gePsf] r'gf}tL lbO/x]sf
5g\ . t/, ;xdltsf] Pp6f c+u
s/0fl;+xn] klg ;xdlt ePsf] bfjL
ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] cy{/fhtGq
/fVg] ;xdlt ePs} x'g'k5{ . ;|f]tsf
cg';f/ tTsfnLg /fhf, lul/hfk|;fb
sf]O/fnf / s/0fl;+xaLr /fhf /fVg]
;xdlt ePs} xf] / b]vL hfGg] / ;'gL
hfGg] ;xdltdf Pdfn] nufotsf
bnx klg lyP . lyPg, eg] s]jn
dfcf]jfbL dfq} lyPg . dfcf]jfbLsf]
cg'kl:yltdf /fhf;"u ;xdlt ePsf]
xf] . To;}n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj
cufl8;Dd lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn]
a]aL ls /fVg'kg]{ cfgf] cjwf/0ff
JoSt u/]sf uof}+ lyP . t/ pxf"sf]
Tof] ;kgf dfcf]jfbLsf sf/0f k"/f
x'g ;s]g . rf/ jif{;Dd /fhfn] kv]/{
x] l //x] /fhgLlts bnxsf]
rfnfdfnf . pgnfO{ yfxf lyof] ufO{sf]

ayfgdf uwfx l6Sg ;Sb}gg .

k~rfotsfnb]lv g} k':tsb]lv lnP/
efif0f;Dddf g] k fndf ax' b nLo
Joj:yf ckmfk 5 eg]/ 3f]sfp"b}
cfPsf lyP /fhf / k~rxn] . cfh
;Qfsf] n' 5 fr' " 8 Ldf /fhgLlts
bnxn] km]l/ of] s'/f ;fljt u/fP/}
5f8] . rf/ jif{;Dd ;+ljwfg agfpg
g;Sbfsf] sf/0fn] g} cfh 1fg]Gb|n]
cf}+nf 78\ofpg] df}sf kfPsf 5g\ .
b'O{ rf/ xhf/ cfgf ;dy{sx
a6'n]/ cfk"m cem} nf]slk|o 5' eg]/
b]vfpg] sf]l;; ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfk"m
km]l/ l;+xf;gdf cf?9 x'g] pgsf]
;kgf km]l/ ;Nanfpg yfn]sf] 5 .
sfFu|]; / Pdfn] cem} klg @)$&
;fnsf] ;+ljwfg Ao"t" fpg] k|of;df 5g\ .
/fhf;"u u/]sf] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog
ug{] kIfdf 5g\ . sfFu;
]| / Pdfn] /fhf
gx'b" f 6'x/' fh:tf ePsf 5g\ . To;}sf]
cTof; d]6\g /fi6kltnfO{ gj/fhf
agfP/ zlStzfnL agfpg ljGtLkq
r9fPsf r9fo} 5g\ . Pdfcf]jfbLn]
u0ftGq ;+:yfut ug{ nrstfsf] xb}
gf3]/ sfFu|]; / Pdfn]sf] cufl8
cfTd;dk{0f ul//x]sf] 5 / ca klg
pm cfTd;dk{0fsf] k/fsfi7f gf3]/
eP klg u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug{
nflu/x] s f] 5 . oltn] gk' u ] /
Pdfcf]jfbL ef/t;fd' klg /fli6o
cfTd;dk{0f ul/;s]sf] 5 . h;/L
eP klg u0ftGqnfO{ arfpg'k5{ eg]/,
rfx] Tof] ef/tsf] lxtd} lsg gxf];\ .
afa'/fd plk|mb} /fhfsf] ;'ljwf
s6fpg] wDsL lbO/x]sf 5g\ . cfgf]
xftn] cfg} v'fdf a~r/f] xfg]sf
afa'/fdn] s] 1fg]Gb|sf ;'ljwf sf6\g
;S5g\ < k"j{/fi6 k|d'vnfO{ ;d]t
ljleGg ;'ljwf lbg] lg0f{o ug{ afa'/fd
;/sf/n] k"j/{ fi6 k|dv
' sf] ;'ljwf s'g
xftn] sf6\g ;S5g\ < pgsf] nx8df
t b]z rNg] xf]Og . cfgf] ;Qf
hf]ufpg cGt/f{li6o ljdfg:ynsf]
Joj:yfkgsf] lhDdf ef/tnfO{ lbG5'
eGg]n] ef]ln g]kfns} Joj:yfkgsf]
lhDdf ef/tnfO{ lbg] ;xdlt ug{ s]
a]/ < sfnf];"rLdf k/]sf] ef/tLo
cfO{=kL=Pn=sDkgL;"u dn lsGg]

;Demf} t f u/] / ef/tnfO{ v' z L

kfg{vf]hs
] f 5g\ pgL . x'g t oxf" hf]
k|wfgdGqL ag] klg ef/tLo bnfn g}
aGg] x'g\ / olb b'36{ gfjzM /fhtGqsf]
k'g:yf{kgf eP, Tof] klg ef/ts}
rfxgfn] g} x'g] xf] . /fli6o :jtGqtf
/ /fli6o :jfledfgsf] xTof lxhf]
/fhtGqb]lv cfhsf] u0ftGq;Dd
ul//x]sf 5g\ zf;sxn] .
hlt;'s} /fhfjfbLxn] bnLn
lbP klg /fhf jL/]Gb|sf] j+zgfz ug{
1fg] G b| / kf/; g} x' g \ eGg] d f
cfdhgtf ljZj:t 5g\ . s]xL ;o,
s]xL xhf/ dfG5]x h'6fp"b}df kf}g]
tLg s/f]8 g]kfnLn] /fhtGq rfx]sf
5g\ eGg] e|ddf /fhfjfbLx x'g' x' b"' g} .
t/ /fhgLlts ;f"9]x cfkFm}df h'Wg
yfn] eg] /fhtGqn] km0ff gp7fpnf
eGg] 5}g . ;+3Lotfs} sf/0f ;+ljwfg
gagfpg] bnxn] /fli6o PstfnfO{
Wofgdf /fvL rf"8f]eGbf rf"8f] ;+ljwfg
agfpg] l t/ Wofg lbg' k 5{ .
;/sf/eGbf ;+ l jwfg h?/L 5
/fhtGqsf] k' g /fudg /f] S g .
;f"9]xsf] Pstf e+u ePs} sf/0f
z]/n] ;f"9]xnfO{ vfPsf] lyof] .
hlt;'s} e|i6 / /fi63ftL eP klg
d'n'sdf nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g}
rflxG5 . u0ftGqnfO{ ;+ : yfut
ug{;s] ef]ln s8f sfg"g agfP/
e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f ug{;lsG5, r'gfjdf
e| i 6xnfO{ x/fpg ;lsG5 .
hgtfnfO{ Pdfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx e|i6
/ /fi63ftL xf]nfg\ eGg] k6Ss}
ljZjf; lyPg . ;+;b\jfbL bnxsf]
;+utn] pgLx h:t} wgf9\o aGg]
xf] 8 afhL rNof] Pdfcf] j fbLsf
g]tfxdf . gkfpg]n] s]/f kfof]
af]qm}l;t vfof] eg] h:tf] eof] .
ef]sfPsf dfcf]jfbL htf h] kfof]
x;'g{yfn] . x'"bfx'"b} d'St sd}ofnfO{
af"8\g lsGg] hUufdf klg e|i6frf/
ug{yfn] . kf"r nfv la3f kg{] v]tnfO{
aL; nfv lt/]sf] b]vfP/ lsGg yfn],
o; k'lgt sfo{sf rf/ d'Vo bnxn]
p;nfO{ ;fy lbP . h;/L ;]jf ;'ljwf
lng'kbf{, e|i6frf/ ug{' kbf{ k|d'v
bnx Ps x'G5g\ To;}u/L ;+ljwfg

agfpg'df klg Ps eOlbPsf] eP

cfh g]kfnL hgtfn] ;+ljwfg kfpg]
lyP . cem} klg Pp6f df}sf 5 .
cfk;L ;embf/Laf6 k| u ltzLn
;+ljwfg agfP g]tfxsf] klg enf]
x'g] lyof], d'ns
' n] klg /fxt kfpg]
lyof] .
/fhfjfbLxn] klg 1fg]Gb|nfO{
sf" w df af] S g' s f] ;f >' t Lsf
5f]/LxnfO{ af]s]sf] eP hgtfsf]
;xfg'e"lt kfpg] lyP . t/ 1fg]Gb|n]
ltgLxnfO{ rfx] hlt k};f lbg
;S5g\, t/ >'tLsf 5f]/Lxn] lbg
;Sb}gg\ . clg lsg ltgLxnfO{
sf"wdf af]s"g\ < /fhf jL/]Gb|k|ltsf]
hgtfsf] dfof / ;xfg'e"ltsf sf/0f
>' t Lsf 5f] / Lxk| l t hgtfsf]
;xfg'e"lt hfg ;Sg] lyof] . of] s'/f
sdn yfkfxn] ;f] r ] g g\ .
pgLxnfO{ Pp6f q"m/ /fhf rflxPsf]
5, To;}n] 1fg]Gb|nfO{ sf"wdf af]s]/
lxFl8/x]sf 5g\ . t/ h] eP klg rfx]
Tof] a]nfotsf] h:tf] cfn+sfl/s
/fhtGq lsg gxf];,\ /fhtGq /fhtGq
g} xf], ef]ln Tof] lg/+sz
' klg x'g;S5 .
nf]stGqsf] ljsNk /fhtGq x'g
;Sb}g, nf]stGq} x'G5, rfx] Tof] hlt
g} e|i6 lsg gxf];\ .
cGTodf, clxn]sf] tfQftf] rrf{sf]
ljifo ag]sf 5g\ k|r08k'q k|sfz .
k|sfz kf/;sf] af6f]df lx+8\g'df
uNtLn] k|sfzsf] dfq} xf] / < k|r08n]
gfhfoh t/Lsfn] sdfP/ c/aklt
gePsf] eP, k|r08n] sDo'lgi6
cfr/0f, sDo'lgi6 hLjgz}nL Tofu]/
Pp6f /fhfsf] h:tf] ljnf;L hLjg
glatfPsf] eP, k|r08n] dGqfnob]lv
cGoq;Dd cfgf 5f]/f elthfnfO{
c;'nLdf k7fpg] gu/]sf] eP cfh
;fob k|sfz lalu|g] lyPg . Pp6f
c/akltsf] lau|]sf] 5f]/f h"8\ofxf /
t?0fLv]tL ug{ geP/ s] aG5 / <
h:tf] aLpm /f]Kof] kmn t p:t} x'G5 .
ca x]g5
'{ , hgo'4sfndf s;}n] bf];f| ]
ljx] u/] dfcf]jfbLxn] ltgLxnfO{
dfg],{ s'6g\ b] l] v lnP/ xftv'f ef"lrlbg]
;d]t u/]sf lyP, k|r08n] ca of]
lgod cfgf] 5f]/fdf nfu' u5{g\ ls
ub}g{ g\ < jf Pp6f /fhfem}+ cfk"m lgod
/ ;+ljwfgeGbf dfly a:5g\ <

g]kfn, ef/t / rLgsf] /fhgLlts ;DaGw

ljZj
/fhlgtLdf
dxfzlQm/fi6x?sf] O{zf/faf6 kbf{
k5fl8 ul/g] sfo{of]hgf / ;xdtL,
;Qfsf] efuj08f tyf x:tIf]ksf/L
gLltx?sf] ;dy{g ub}{ ;Qfdf l6Sgsf
nflu /fi63ftL sbd rfNg klg kl5
gkg]{ sfo{n] b]zsf] :jflwgtf g} vt/fdf
kg{ uPsf] 5 . /fli6o :jtGqtfsf]
dfldnfdf ePsf] o; k|sf/sf sbdn]
ljb]zL kIfkf]if0f ug]{ vfnsf e"ldsfn]
l5d]sL d'ns
' sf] ;d]t ;fj{ef}d dfly
k|Zg lrGx v8f ePsf] 5 . /fhgLtLs
bnsf k|efjzfnL g]tfx?n] b]z lxtsf
d'2fx?sf] ljifodf klg hyfefjL
jf]Nb5g tyf cfgf] b]z lxtsf d'2fdf
cl8s /xg ;Sb}gg . pgLx? b]z
lxtdf eGbf s;sf] k|efjdf s]
af]Nb5g tyf s'g ;dodf s;/L
af]Nb5g eGg] s'/f ;j{ ;fwf/0f
hgtfx?n] j' e mg' kb{ 5 . ljZj
dxfzlQmdfg /fi6x?sf] k|lt:k|wfTds
cj:yfdf ltgLx?sf] k//fi6 gLlt
cg'?k cGo /fi6x?n] klg pgLx?sf]
cg'sn' ljb]z gLlt jgfO{ pgLx?}] gLltsf]
;dy{g jf cg'df]bg ug{k' g]{ afWosf/L
cj:yf jf k|ltjfb ug'k{ g]{ cj:yfn]
ljZjdf ;}4flGts g}lts ljrf/zLn
kfl6,{ jf ;d'x lgdf{0f x'g] ub{5 .
kmn:j?k blIf0f Pl;ofnL /fi6x?df
klg kbf{ k5fl8 j;]/ l;ldt k|eT' jzfnL
AolQm / ljb]zL zlQmx?sf] O{zf/faf6
/fhg}lts sfo{lgtL, of]hgf, ;xdtL
tyf n]gb]g, zlQm ;Gt'ng tyf ;Qfsf]
efuj08fx? x'g] u/]sf] tYo a]nfa]nfdf
phfu/0f x'b}+ cfPsf] 5 . o;}u/L
g]kfndf ef/t rLg klZrdf zlQm

ljhog/l;+x s];L
/fi6sf] cfgf] :jfy{ cg'sn
' sf ljb]z
gLltx?n] g]kfnsf] cfGt/Ls dfdLnfdf
;sf/fTds tyf gsf/fTds e"ldsf
v]nL /x]sf] tYo xfdL ;fd' phfu/ e}
;s]sf] 5 .
;ljwfg ;efaf6 ;+lawfg lbg
g;s]kl5 tyf g]tfx? ;Qf :jfy{sf]
/fhgLtLdf nflu k/] ;Fu} g]kfndf jfXo
zlQmx?n] cfkmgf] e"ldsfnfO{ cem
j9fpFb} nu]sf k|ltljDjx? b]vfkg{
yfn]sf 5g . lab]zL zlQmx?n] cl:y/
g]kfnaf6 cfgf] kmfO{bf lng ;lsG5
eGg] gLlt lnPsf 5g / ef/tn] klg
ToxL gLlt cg'z/0f u/]sf] x'bF f g]kfnsf]
cfGtl/s :yfO{ /fhgLlts If]qdf vnn
k'Ug uPsf] 5 . ef/tn] ;'/Iffsf] gLltdf
cfkm\gf] ;+ab] gzLn rf;f] /fVg' t/
To;sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ 7f]; /0fgLlt
gx'g' / To:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfnsf]
e"ldsfsf] gh/ cGbfh u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
l;ldt tyf Ifl0fs kmfO{bfsf] gLlt
lng' tyf ef/t ;/sf/sf] g]kfn
gLlt :ki6 gx'gfn] cfhsf] kl/l:ytLdf
ef/tsf] e' l dsfnfO{ hgtfn]
x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsfsf] ?kdf x]/s
] f 5g\ .
Tof] ef/tsf] nflu cg'Tkfbs x'g5
] .
dxTjfsfFIfL of]hgf, ljrf/ Jofkf/, tyf
k|lt:kwf{ cg'?k ljb]z gLlt agfPsf
ljZjsf zlQmdfg /fi6x?n] cl:y/
g]kfnaf6 ef/t / lrgsf] zlQm lIf0f
ug{ g]kfnnfO{ jN5Lsf] cfxf/f jgfP/
kf;f] yfk]sf] s'/f oL b'j} b]zn] ;+jb] gzLn
eP/ a'emg ;Sg' kb{5 . ef/tn] of]
klg j"emg h?/L 5 ls obL g]kfnsf]

/fhgLlts If]qaf6 /fi6 c;kmn ePdf

cGt/f{li6o zlQm /fi6x?sf] e"ldsfdf
ef/tsf] kx'Fr k'Ug] cj:yf 5}g .
lsgeg] g]kfnsf] cToGt hl6n
/fhgLlts cj:yfdf eL6f] zlQm
/fi6x?sf] /fhgLlts k|eT' j ljz]if
k|sf/af6 k|of]u x'g ;Sg] 5g\ . h;n]
ubf{ sfnfGt/df ef/tn] blIf0f
Pl;ofdf cfkm\gf] k|eT' j /fVg] ;kgfdf
7"nf] gf]S;fgL klg j]xf]g{ ;Sg' kg{] b]lvG5 .
To;sf/0f ;DefJo vt/fnfO{ Wofg lb+b}
ef/tn] ;"/Iffsf] nflu klg g]kfndf
:yfO{ ;/sf/ / zflGtsf] nflu :ki6
gLlt lgdf{0f ug'{ kb{5 .
g]kfndf u0ftGq kZrft zlQm
/fi6x?sf]] e"ldsfnfO{ b]z cg'sn" agfO{

;Gt'lnt ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf xfn ljBdfg

7"nf /fhg}lts kf6L{ jf To; bnsf
g]tfx?df b]lvb}g . To;sf/0f b]z nfdf]
;dob]lv cl:y/ / cGof}ntfdf /x]sf]n]
b]zsf] lxt, :jfledfg, :jflwgtf,
cv08tf, ;fdflhs ;befa sfod /fVg
c;dy{ ePsf 5g . :jfy{ k|l] /t
/fhgLltsn] ubf{ /fi63ftL ;+lw tyf
;Demf}t ug{ klg kl5 kb}g{ g eGg] s'/f
5n{ eO{ ;s]sf] 5 . dw]zjfbL bn
blIf0fklGy k|efj / g]skfdfcf]jfbL bn
afdklGy zlQmsf] k|efj, oL lb'O{ ljk/Lt
l;4fGt af]ss
] f bnx? / 7'nf bnsf]
cfkmg} cfGtl/s u'6aGbL ljrf/x?sf]
k|efj / /fhgLlts bnx?n] hgtfdf
cfkmgf] ljZjf; u'dfpb} uO{/x]sf 5g .
-n]vs g]kfn /fli6o nf]stflGqs
bnsf dxf;lrj x'g\ ._

lrqu'Ktsf] snd lnnfdL

sf7df8f}F . ;Kt/Lsf] /fhlj/fhl:yt
sfo:y hfltx?sf] s'nb]jtf lrqu'Ktsf]
dlGb/leq /x]sf] snd o; jif{x? @)
xhf/df lnnfdL ePsf] 5 . k|To]s jif{
efO6Lsfsf] lbg Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf
u/L snd lnnfdL ul/G5 .
/fhlj/fhl:yt lrqu'Kt dlGb/df
/flvPsf snd o; jif{ /fhlj/fh ^
lgjf;L nlntfb]jL s0f{n] ?= @) xhf/
!%! xft kfg{ ;kmn eP .
k|To]s jif{ lnnfdL x'bF } cfPsf] snd
o; jif{ ut jif{eGbf ?= kfFr xhf/eGbf
a9Ldf lnnfdL ePsf] xf] . o;cl3 ut
jif{ /fhlj/fhs} nLnfb]jL s0f{n] ?= !%
xhf/ !%! df snd vl/b ug{e' Psf]

lyof] . of] snd vl/b ug{ k|To]s jif{

8fs a9fa9 x'g] ub{5 . dlGb/ k|f0fdf
Ps sfo{qmdsf aLr nlntfb]jLn] pSt
snd vl/b u/] . laqmd ;Djt @)#&
;fnb]lv sndsf] lnnfdL x'bF } cfPsf]
5 . sfo{qmddf lrqu'Kt dlGb/ lgdf{0fsf
nflu hUuf lbg] /fhlj/fh ( lgjf;L
/dfk|;fb bQ / d"lt{ lbg] ef/tsf]
b/efsf sflnsfGt rf} w /LnfO{
d/0ff]k/fGt tyf dlGb/ lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u
k'ofpg] /fhlj/fh ! sf k|Nxfb k'j{ /
l;/xfsf] nxfgsf ;'/z
] nfn bf;nfO{
;Ddfg ul/of] . o:t} sfo{qmddf sfo:y
hfltsf pTs[i6 !@ hgf ljBfyL{x?nfO{
k'/:s[t ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] .

a;Gtdf]xg clwsf/L

ug{'k5{ . g'gsf] ;f]emf] ug{} kb{5 ,

To;sf/0f k|r08 afa'/fdx h;/L
ef/tsf] kfpdf dfy /fv]/ ;/sf/
nfO lg/Gt/tf lbO/x]sf 5g Tof] s'/f
Psbd ;xL 5 . /fhgLlt / s'6gLlt
eGg] s'/f k|r08 afa'/fd h:tfx
af6 l;Sg'k5{ . xf] kf7s ldq d}n]
Pss[t dfcf]afbLsf sfo{stf{xnfO
e]6g\ ] j]nf pgLx o:t} ts{x ug{]
ub{5g . ljsf; / kl/jt{g eGg] s'/f
vfnL ;}4flGts s'/fxdfq x'g ,
Jojxf/df Tof] x'g]jfnf 5}g, ;Qfdf
uPkl5 cnLcnL vfg' eg]sf] l7s}
xf] , g]kfnsf ;j} /fhgLlts kf6L{x
n] cnL cnL vfg] ;+:sf/ sf] ljsf;
ub{} cfPsf] x'gfn] k|r08 afa'/fd n]
klg yf]/} vfg' eg]sf] l7s} xf] , cj
qmflGt sf] jfO3ft s'/f ul/g' x'Gg ,
ef/t nfO s'gk} lg ls;Ldn] l/; p7\g]
lqmofsnfk ug{x' b'F g} , p;Fu ldNg' g}
wd{ xf] / g'gsf] ;f]emf] xf] , o:t} o:t}
ts{ ug{] Plss[t dfcf]afbL sf
sfo{stf{xnfO tkfO s] eGg' x'G5<
s'g dfgjsf] s'f]6Ldf /fVg'x'G5< of]
vfnsf k| r 08 afa' / fd sf
k'R5/xnfO tkfO ;r]t / r]tglzj
dfgj sf] sf]6Ldf /fVg' x'G5 < kf7s
ldqx d t o:tf vfnsf unt
eGbf klg unt ts{ ug{] k|r08
afa'/fd sf sfo{stf{xnfO duh
lju|LPsf] dflg;xsf] ;'lrdf /fV5' .
t/ jf:tljs duh lju|LPsf xf]O] g
sL pgLx hfgfhfg kgL duh
lju|LPsf] h:tf] gf6s ul//x]sf 5g .
k| r 08 afa' / fd sf sfnf
st{'txnfO v'n]cfd b]vLb]vL klg
, ;+;f/ n] yfxf kfpg] u/L k|r08
afa'/fd n] qmflGtsf] xTofsf] k|of;
ubf{ klg pgLx k|r08 afa'/fdnfO
b'w n] g'xfOlbg k'Ub5g . of] crDdsf]
s'/f xf] s;/L o:tf] eof] < dfG5]x
o;f] ug{'sf] sf/0f s]xf] < t/ crDd
dfGg' kg{] s]xL 5}g . dflg;x o;f]
ug{s
' f] sf/0f xf] kb , dflg;x o;/L
af}nfpg'sf] sf/0f xf] k};f , o;/L
xhfF/f} unt eGbf unt ts{ ub{}
lxF8\g'sf] sf/0f xf] nf]e nfnr /
k| l ti7f . xf] cfh k| r 08
afa'/fdxn] ;Qf df a;]/ vf]nfdf
df5f nfO lk7f] 5l/lbPsf] h:tf]
cfkm\gf gLlt / /fhgLlts r]tgf
ljxLg k'R5/xnfO k};f 5l/lbPsf
5g . cfkm\gf s'/f dg k/fpg]xnfO
kf6L{ s f] ;:tf] eGbf ;:tf] kb
5l/lbPsf 5g . clg ljgf sf}8Lsf]
k| l ti7f 5l/lbPsf 5g . h;/L
ef/tsf] g' g sf] ;f] e mf] Plss[ t
dfcf]afbLn] ul//x]sf] 5 To;}u/L
k|r08 afa'/fd sf] g'g yf]/} rfVg
kfPkl5 pgLxsf] g'gsf] ;f]emf] ljr/f
sfo{stf{xnfO gu/L ;'v} ePg .
To;}n] uGwf gfnLsf] ls/f eGbf klg
OHht ;8fO;s] s f k| r 08
afa' / fdxsf] k| z + ; fdf s] x L
dflg;x nfuL/x]sf 5g . cfh
pgLx JolQmsf] Ifdtf x]/L xfd|f]
kf6L{df nfu tFnfO slt k};f rflxG5
elg/x]sf 5g OdfGbf/ dflg;xnfO
, s;} n fO eg] s f 5g hfuL/
nufOlbG5' , s;} n fO eg] s f 5g
>LdtLsf] hflu/ nufOlbG5' , s;}nfO
eg]sf 5g OGrfh{ ;]qm]6/L agfOlbG5'
, xf] cfh gLlt l;4fGt nfO k|r08
afa'/fd n] kf]n/] vfPkl5 plgxsf]
/fhgLltsf] tl/sf eg]sf] oxL /x]sf]
5 . eG5g pgLx zfGtL / ;+ljwfg
, ;+ljwfg ;efsf cfkm} xTof ug{]
k|r08 n] km]/L ;+ljwfg sf] s'/f ug{
slQsf] ;'FxfpF5 kf7s ldqx cfkm}
Vofn ug{'; . clg hgclwsf/x
;'lgl:rt gx'bF } ljb|fx] , n8fO / o'4
eO/xG5 eGg] ;+;f/n] a'lem;Sbf klg
lsg k|r08 afa'/fdx zfGtLsf] s'/f
ul//x]sf 5g < kf7s ldqx ;fFRr}
Plss[t dfcf]afbL gLltut kdf
Wj:t eO;Sof] p;Fu OdfGbf/Ltfsf]
gfddf km'6s
] f] sf}8L klg jfFsL 5}g ,
hgtf ;fd' p gLlt ut s'/fx lnP/
hfg} ;Sb}g . p;Fu Pp6f dfq pkfP
5 Tof] xf] /fHo sf] 9's'6L af6 Sof;

k|of]u jt{dfg ;Gbe{df Plss[t

dfcf] a fbL n] ul//xF b f p;nfO
Plss[ t g] k fn sDo' l gi6 kf6L{
dfcf] a fbL klg s] eGg] Sof;
dfcf]afbL eg]s} ;'Fxfp5 . clxn]
Sof; dfcf]afbL ;Qf af6 cf]ng{ klg
dflg/x]sf] 5}g To;sf] d'Vo sf/0f
klg Sof; g} xf] , h'glbg Sof;
l;l4G5 To;lbg Sof; dfcf]afbLsf]
/fhgLlt klg l;l4g] 5 . clxn]
dxflwj]zgsf] tof/Ldf h'l6/x]sf]
Sof; dfcf]afbL Sof; s} cf8df
dxflwj]zg ;kmn ug{] of]hgf df 5
t/ ;/sf/ sf] cfo' emgkl5 emg
sdhf]/ aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 . cj tkfO
cfkm} ljrf/ ug{;
' o:tf] tfnn] Sof;
dfcf]afbLsf] /fhgLlt slxn] ;Dd
rN5 < OltxfF;d} sn+lst Sof;
dfcf]afbLsf] /fhgLlt Wj:t x'Fb} ubf{
dnfO klg lrGtf / bof nfu]/ cfFp5
lsgsL s' g } hdfgfdf oxL
dSsLO;s]sf] Sof; dfcf]afbL klg
d]/f] dft[ kf6L{ lyof] . lt u4f/x
klg d] / f] g] t f lyP , t/ To;
dfcf]afbLdf vfnL Sof; , kb ,
k|lti7f / nf]e nfnr df nfu]/ dfq
/fhgLlt ug{] sfo{stf{x dfq 5}gg
/ To;leq s]xL hgo'4df 7'nf]
jlnbfg JoQm u/]sf / ;j{xf/fxsf]
d'lQmsf] o'u ;fDoafb lgdf{0f ug{]
ljrf/ ePsf qmflGtsf/L sfd/]8x
klg x'gx" G' 5 , pFxfx ljleGg k|fljlws
sf/0fn] pQm kf6L{df /xg'ePsf] 5
t/ ljrf/ rfFxL gofF qmflGtsf/L kf6L{
g]skfdfcf]afbL lt/} /fVg'ePsf] 5 .
Sof; dfcf]afbL sf] /fhgLlt l;l4b}
ubf{ / dfcf]afbLsf g]tf sfo{stf{
l;l4b} ubf{ dnfO lt qmflGtsf/L
sfd/] 8 xsf] klg lrGtf nfUg]
ub{5 . ljutsf c? ;+;f]wgafbL ,
cj;/afbL / hg3flt /fhgLlts
kf6L{x h;sf] s]xL g]tfx dfq
bnfn aGg] ub{y] , s]xL n] dfq
e|i6frf/ ug{] sfd uy{], l;+u} g]t[Tj
rfFxL To:tf] vfnsf] 7'nf] u4f/Ldf
;dfj]z x'Fb}gYof] To;sf/0f c?
/fhgLlts kf6L{x sf] cl:tTj
w]/yf]/ g]kfndf /x]sf] 5 . / h;sf
k5f8L s]xL hg;d'bfox klg /x]sf
5g . t/ Sof; dfcf]afbL h;sf d'Vo
6fpsf]x k|r08 afa'/fd g} unt
nfOgdf ;xefuL eP , e|i6frf/ df
klg pgLx ;xefuL eP , ef/t
;Fu o'4sfnd} cfTd;dk{0f ug{ klg
pgLx g} ;xefuL eP , laKkf
;Demf}tf ug{ klg pgLxg} ;xefuL
eP , hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] lj;{hg ug{
klg pgLxg} ;xefuL eP , ef/t
;lQms]Gb| x'Fb} g]kfn /fhgLlt ug{{]
dw] z L /fhgLlts kf6L{ x ;F u
u7aGwgdf klg pgLxg} ;xefuL
eP , ;'s'Daf;L a:tLdf 8f]h/
rnfpg klg pgLxg} ;xefuL eP ,
ef/tnfO Po/kf]6{ j]Rg klg pgLx
cfkm} ;xefuL eP , sf]ifL afFw ,
;'k'b{'uL ;GwL , ck/ s0ff{nL h:tf
/fi63flt ;GwL ;Demf}tf ug{ klg
pgLx cfkm} ;xefuL eP /
hg;]gfsf] gfddf c/jf}F e|i6frf/df
klg cfkm} ;xefuL eP . OTofbL
OTofbL cem y'k}| hg3flt sfdxdf
pgLx cfkm} ;xefuL eP . cGtt
;+;f/s} OltxfF;df gj;+;f]wgafb,
cj;/afb / cfTd;dk{0fafb sf]
sfnf] ofqf ;'? u/]/ g]kfnL qmflGtsf/L
cfGbf]ng / hgo'4sf] xTof ug{ k|of;
ug{] sfddf k|r08 afa'/fd g} ;xefuL
eP . !% xhf/ sf] /utdf xf]nL v]n/]
clxn] ;+;lbo kf]v/L df k|r08
afa' / fdx g' x fO/xF b f Sof;
dfcf]afbLsf] eljio s] x'G5 < eg]/
;j{q k|Zgx pl7/x]sf 5g . lo
k| Z gxsf] lrQa' e m\ b f] hjfkm
rflxPsf] 5 , xfdL lbnlbdfu b]vL
g} eGbf cj Sof; dfcf]afbLsf]
/fhgLlt h?/ l;l4Fb} 5 , hj ;/sf/
sf sfn cfpg] 5 tj Sof;
dfcf]afbLsf] klg sfnsf] ;'? x'g]5
To:t} hj lgjf{rg cfpg] 5 Sof;
dfcf]afbL nfO sfn n] emg RofKg]

sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#@)^#^$

5 . hgtfn] Sof; dfcf]afbLsf ufFp
hfg] g]tfxnfO h'Qfsf] dfnf /
df];f]sf] ;fydf clegGbg ub{} bf}8g
k7fpg] 5g . hgtfn] ;f]Wg] 5g s]s]
x'g /] lxFhf] sf k|ltj4tfx < clg
lo k|ltj4tfx k'/f u/]sf] vf]O <
cgL Sof; dfcf]afbLsf g]tfldqx
lo k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg g;Sg] cj:yfdf
k'Ug' x'g5
] / hgtfn] ;'? ug{5
] g
lr/]sf] bfp/f k|xf/ cgL k|ltjfb .
Sof; dfcf]afbL n] kl/rfng u/]sf
em'qe
] mfD/] d'Gb|] huN6]x ;Fu klg
hgtf k|ltjfb df pqg] 5g . clg
h;f] t;f] lgjf{rg ;lsPkl5 cem
emg 7'nf] sfn cfpg]5 glthfdf
Sof; dfcf]afbL nfO hgtfn] gu0o
dfqfdf ef]6 v;fNg] 5g . clg Sof;
dfcf]afbL sf k|r08 afa'/fdxsf]
xfnt k'/fgf ukmf8L tyf ;+;f]wgafbL
g]tf df]xgljqmd l;Fx , l;kL d}gfnL
, sdn yfkf / 1fg]Gb| zfxsf] xfntdf
k'Ug]5g / olb nfh ;/d afFsL /x]df
/fhgLltaf6 ;Gof;L lng] 5g xf]Og
eg] sf]xL h]n / sf]xL sf]7fdf a;]/
klqsfdf n] v n] V b} a' 9 ] ; sfn
wfGg]5g . jf:tj df g]kfndf clxn]
;fdGtafbsf] gfOs] ;+:yf /fhtGqsf]
h:tf] xfnt eof] Sof; dfcf]afbL /
k|r08 afa'/fd sf] klg ToxL xfnt
x'g5
] . To;sf/0f d Sof; dfcf]afbL
df nfUg' ePsf qmflGtsf/L
sfd/]8x nfO ljgd|tf k'js
{ cg'/f]w
ug{ rfxG5' u4f/ / bnfn eg]sf
k|r08 afa'/fdx x'g tkfOx
xf]Og . ljrf/sf] ;dy{g htf klg
ug{ :jtGqtf x'G5 , Totf ;dy{g
ug{e
' f] s]xL lju|LPsf] 5}g . cfpg'xf];
g]kfnL ;j{xf/f hgtfsf] d'lQmug{] /
;fDoafb ;Dd k'Ug] of] dxf;+u|fdL
nIodf tkfOxfdL ;Fu} km]/L klg
xft]dfnf] u/f}F lsgsL lxFhf] klg xfdL
;Fu} n8\of} / cfh klg ;Fu} n8f}F .
lj1fg nfO s;}n] klg tf]8d/f]8 ug{
;Sb} g To;sf/0f ;fDoafb /
;j{xf/fsf] d'lQm hf] clgjfo{ 5
To;sf/0f dfS;{ a fbn] l ggafb
dfcf]afb nfO cem} ulxl/P/ cWoog
u/f}F / Jojxf/df To;nfO nfu' u/f}F .
of] eGbf cem 7'nf gj ;+;f]wgafbLx
klg hlGdg ;S5g / pgLx ;Fuklg
xfdL kmfO6 ug{k' g{] 5 / cGtt of]
o'un] dfgjhftL nfO ;'lDklbPsf]
dxfg nIodf xfdL h;/L ePklg k'Ug'
kg{ ] 5 . cGtdf kf7s ldqx
tkfOxn] klg d'Nof+sg / ljZn]if0f
ug{ ' xf] ; cj s] x' g ] 5 Sof;
dfcf]afbLsf] xfnt <
sonukumarsun2@gmail.com

lad:6]s===
dGqL:t/Lo a}7sn] anfb]zdf :yfoL
;lrjfno :yfkgf ug{ ;j{;Ddt
lg0f{o u/]sf] hfgsf/L lbFb} pgn]
cfufdL k';df ;f]xL d'n'sdf x'g]
lad:6]ssf] t];f| ] ;Dd]ngn] To;nfO{
cg'df]bg ug{] atfP .
blIf0f Pl;ofnL If]qLo ;xof]u
;7g -;fs{sf dxf;lrj ;dfgsf]
x}l;otdf /fhb"t:t/df lad:6]s
dxf;lrjsf] lgo'lSt x'g] atfpFb}
yfkfn] To;sf nflu >Lnfn] ToxfFsf]
ljb]z dGqfnosf cfly{s dfldnf
ljefusf dxflgb{ ] z s ;' l dy
gsg8nfnfO{ l;kmfl/; ul/;s]sf]
hfgsf/L lbP . ;g @))* df
:yfkgf ePsf] blIf0f tyf blIf0f k"jL{
Pl;ofnL /fi6x?sf] If]qLo ;7g
lad:6]sdf anfb]z, e'6fg, ef/t,
g]kfn, DofGdf, >Lnf / yfONofG8
;b:o 5g\ . lad:6]sn] Jofkf/ tyf
nufgL, oftfoft tyf ;~rf/, pmhf{,
ko{6g, k|ljlw, dT:okfng, s[lif,
hg:jf:Yo, ul/aL Go" g Ls/0f,
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f Pj+ k|fs[lts k|sf]k
Joj:yfkg, k|lt cftjfb tyf
cGt/b]zLo ck/fw lgoGq0f, ;+:s[lt
/ hgtfhgtfaLrsf] ;Dks{
lj:tf/nfO{ k| f yldstfdf /fv] /
cfjZos sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

ljBfyL{
ljxLg===
To:t}, !) hgfeGbf sd ljBfyL{
;+Vof /x]sf k|fylds ljBfnodf
;'8fnsf] ;oafn, afu]Zj/Lsf]
afu]lxtL dfO{, blwsf]6sf] eLd /

lrqk' / , lrQkf] n sf] gjHof] l t,

l;kf]8f]nsf] cfzfk'/L, afu]Zj/Lsf]
u0f]z /x]sf 5g\ . rfFu'sf] ljgfos
;/:jtL lgdflj klg ljBfyL{ ;+Vof
!) eGbf sd /x]sf 5g\ . tYofsf
cg';f/ ;o afn k|fljdf ;ft,
afu]lxtL dfO{ k|fljdf kfFr, eLd /
lrqk' / k| f lj b' j } d f ;ft;ft,
gjHof]lt k|fljdf rf/, cfzfk'/L
k|fljdf gf}, u0f]z k|fljdf b'O{ / rfFus
' f]
ljgfos ;/:jtL lgdfljdf cf7 hgf
dfq ljBfyL{ /x]sf 5g\ . ljBfyL{ z"Go
ePkl5 tL ljBfnosf lzIfslagf
sfd tna a' l em/x] s f 5g\ .
ljBfonsf a]Gr, 8]S;nufotsf
ef}lts ;fdfu|L k|of]uljxLg ePsf
5g\ . sfof{non] ljBfyL{ z"Go /x]sf
ljBfnosf] /]vb]vsf nflu Ps ?ufFn'
lzIfs /fv] s f] lhNnf lzIfs
clwsf/Ln] atfP . pgn] of] z}lIfs
;q;Ddsf] cGTo;Dd klg tL
ljBfnosf s' g } ljBfyL{ geP
j}zfv;Dddf :s'n g} vf/]h ug{ klg
atfP .
otf ljBfyL{ z" G o ePsf]
ljBfnosf] ?kdf /x]sf] tfynLsf]
blIf0fsfnL k|fljsf k|wfgfWofks
/fds[i0f 5'sf+ eg] lhNnf lzIff
sfof{non] hfgfhfgL ljBfyL{ z"Go
/x]sf] tYof lgsfn]sf] atfpG5g .
pgn] eg] clxn] klg ljBfnodf
tLg hgf ljBfyL{ pkl:yt x'g] u/]sf
5g\ , ljBfno lg/LIfssf] unt
l/kf]6s
{ f sf/0f z"Gosf] cj:yf /x]sf]
hgfOPsf] xf] . lhNnfdf /x]sf @^
dfWolds ljBfnodWo] cf7 j6fdf
%)) eGbf a9L ljBfyL{ cWoog/t
5g\ . ljBfyL{ tyf cleefjssf]
/f]hfOdf lghL ljBfno k9\g yfn]kl5
;/sf/L ljBfno o;sf] l;sf/ ePsf
x'g\ . lzIff sfof{no eStk'/sf
cg';f/ k|flj, lgdflj / dfljdWo]
t'ngfTds?kdf ljBfyL{ cefjsf]
rk]6fdf k|flj k/]klg To;sf] c;/
dfljdf klg b] l vF b } uPsf] 5 .
lhNnfsf RofDxfl;+xsf] jfuLZj/L
pdfljdf Ps xhf/ #), cfbz{pdflj
;fgf] l 7dLdf &#*, cfbz{ p dflj
nfos'df %%!, cfbz{cfhfb pdflj
e]nv
' n
] df %$#, u0f]z dflj gub]zdf
%#$, tfynLsf] b]jL pdfljdf %##,
sfnL3f6sf] jf;' pdfljdf %#! /
zflGt lgs]tg dflj af]nf5]+df %@^
ljBfyL{ cWoog u5{g\ .

;g\===
al9/x]sf] ofq' / xjfO{ 6flkmssf sf/0f
ljdfg:yn ;fF3'l/Fb} uPsf] lyof] .
o;n] ubf{ k|flws/0fn] h;/L ePkl5
rfk Jojl:yt ug{ ;do;fk]If gofF
k|ljlw NofO{ sfdbf/sf] Ifdtf j[l4
u/L ;'/lIft ;]jf ;~rfng ug{k' g]{
bafa em]ln/x]sf] 5 . /x]sf ;d:ofsf]
;dfwfgsf] ?kdf xfd|f] sfo{Ifdtf
a9fpg oL of]hgfx? sfof{Gjogdf
NofO/x]sf 5f}+, dxfk|aGws ;'dgn]
eg] . lqe'jg ljdfg:yn Pp6} /gj]df
Ps 306fdf #) hxfhnfO{ Jojl:yt
ug{] tl/sfn] lgdf{0f ul/P klg clxn]
o;sf] bf]Aa/ hxfh ;~rfng x'g]
u/] s f 5g\ . ;g\ @)!! df
ljdfg:ynn] $@ nfv !) xhf/
ofq'n] cfjfudg u/]sf] tYof+s 5 .
of] @)!) sf] t'ngfdf & bzdnj
## k|ltzt a9L xf] . To:t} xjfO{
cfjfudgsf] ;+Vof @)!! Df ! nfv
! xhf/ ( ;o (# /x]sf] ljdfg:ynn]
hgfPsf] 5 . cf};tdf ljdfg:ynn]
b}lgs ^# cGt/f{li6o / @ ;o !&
cfGtl/s p8fgnfO{ Jojl:yt u5{ .
ut Ps bzssf] t'ngf ubf{ ofq'
cfjfudg ! ;o $) k|ltzt / xjfO{
cfjfudg ^) k|ltztn] dfly pSn]sf]
ljdfg:yn Joj:yfkgsf] egfO 5 .

lrlgof===
g]t[Tj ug]{ xf] / rLg cem dha't
agfpg' xf] . rLgsf gful/s w]/}
d]xgtL /x]sf] eGb} pgn] v'n/] } k|zz
+ f
u/]sf 5g\ . rLg sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n]
b]zsf gful/ssf] hLGbuL /fd|f]
agfPsf] atfPsf pgn] o;d} ;Gt'i6
eP/ ga:g] atfPsf 5g\ . 3'; /

/fatOfc t]u # /;ld

+ nf; (^)@
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cuf8L a9fFpb} ug{] . oxL ljsNksf]

rf/ nfv kg]{ 6fG;kmd{ rf]l/of]

sf7df8f}F . sLlt{k'/ rfNgfv]n uflj;l:yt jf];g cf;kf;sf If]qdf
vfg]kfgL ;ng Pj+ ljt/0fsf nflu /flvPsf] ljB'tLo 6fG;kmd{ rf]/L
ePsf] 5 . 6fG;kmd{df /x]sf clwsf+z kf6{k'hf{ rf]l/Psf 5g\ . ;fy} leq
/x]sf] tfdfsf tf/ klg rf]/L nu]sf] g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0f kmlk{ zfvfsf
;'k/Lj]Ifs uDeL/dfg >]i7n] atfP . rf]/Lsf qmddf nueu !@% ln6/
t]n klg kf]lvPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . jf];g If]qdf nfdf] ;dob]lv vfg]kfgLsf]
r/d ;d:of ePsf sf/0f o; If]qdf vfg]kfgLsf] Jojl:yt cfk"lt{ ug{
elg NofOPsf] 6fG;kmd{ rf]/L ePsf] rDkfb]jL If]q ;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfkg
;+:yfsf cWoIf hgs tfdfn] hfgsf/L u/fP . vfg]kfgL ljt/0fsf nflu
k|of; eO/xbf 6fG;kmd{ rf]/L ePkl5 of]hgf ;DkGg x'g yk s]xL lbg a9L
nfUg] ePsf] 5 . nueu ?= rf/ nfv kg]{ pQm 6fG;kmd{sf x/fPsf
kf6{kh
' f{ Nofpg / To;nfO{ k"0f{?kdf dd{t ug{ Go"gtd Ps xKtfsf] ;do
nfUg] ;'k/efOh/ >]i7n] hfgsf/L u/fP .
e|i6frf/ kf6L{sf] 7"nf] ;d:of /x]sf] :yfgLos} jr{Zj sfod ePsf] 5 .
eGb} lhglkn] o;nfO{ 6f9f /fVg' ljb]zLsf] Joj:yfkgdf Ps dfq
kg{'df hf]8 lbP . ljZjsf] bf];|f] 7"nf] ;f+lu|nf Sofl;gf] 5 . l;njfns}
cy{Joj:yf ePsf] rLgsf] efjL xftdf % Sofl;gf] k'u]sf 5g\ .
cfly{s / /fhgLlts lbzfnfO{ x]b{} gofF
g]tT[ jdf ;a}sf] Wofg s]lGb|t 5 . k|x/LnfO{ xDd] xDd] k/]sf] lyof] .
rLgdf k|To]s bz jif{df kf6L{ / k|r08 dfly xftkft eP/ efubf}8
;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j kl/jt{g ug]{ k/Dk/f x'g yfn]kl5 l:ylt tgfju|:t ePsf]
/x]sf] 5 . jt{dfg /fi6klt x'n] ;g\ lyof] . l:yltnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lng
@))# df g]tT[ j ;DxfNg' ePsf] lyof] . k|x/LnfO{ g} kl/rfng ug'k{ /]sf] lyof] .
dxflwj]zgn] lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] 36gf nuQ} Pdfcf]jfbLsf] lrofkfg
zlStzfnL lgsfo :yfoL ;ldtLnfO{ :ylut ePsf] lyof] . Pdfcf]jfbLsf
& ;b:odf emf/]sf] 5 . o;cl3 :yfoL sfo{stf{x?n] s'jF /nfO{ /flvPsf] :yfg
;ldtL ( ;b:oLo lyof] . l;GXjf
g]kfn k|x/L Snj jflx/ k|bz{g u/]sf
lyP . ulDe/ 3fOt] ePsf s'Fj/nfO{
pkrf/sf nflu g] k fn k| x /Lsf]
klg eljio pHhjn b]v/] ljb]zLn] c:ktfn nluPsf] lyof] . o;} ;Gbe{df,
klg Sofl;gf]df nufgL ug{rf;f] ;/sf/n] k" j { k | w fgdGqL Pj+
b]vfPsf] l;njfn atfpF5g\ . c:j:Yo Pdfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn
k|lt:kwf{n] Joj;fo g} ;+s6df k/]sfn] k|r08dfly ;fj{hlgs sfo{qmddf g}
cfk"mn] w]/} Sofl;gf]sf] Joj:yfkgdf yKk8 k|xf/ ePsf] 36gfsf] 5fgljg
?lr b]vfPsf] l;njfnsf] ts{ 5 . ug{ k|x/L cltl/St dxflg/LIfs
cfhsf] lbgdf Sofl;gf] gfkmfsf] gj/fh 9sfnsf] ;+ o f] h sTjdf
Joj;fo xf]Og, pgL eG5g\, t/ 5fgljg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 .
dxfgu/L k| x /L cfo' S tsf]
c:j:Yo k|lt:kwf{ /f]s]/ Joj;fo
hf]ufpg ;lsG5 eg]/ a9L Sofl;gf] sfof{non] k|d'v 9sfn g]t[Tjsf]
rnfpg vf]lhPsf] xf] . ;/sf/n] ;ldltdf ck/fw cg';Gwfg Ao"/f]sf
Sofl;gf] lgodg ug{ sfg'g hf/L u/L k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfs s]zaxfb'/
k|x/Lsf] cgfjZos x:tIf]k /f]Sg] xf] zfxL dxfgu/Lo ck/fw dxfzfvfsf
eg] clxn] klg g]kfnL Sofl;gf]df al/i7 pk/LIfs b]jG] b| ;'jb] L ;b:o
ef/tLo, a+unfb]zL / lrlgofF u|fxs /x]sf 5g\ . ;ldltnfO{ Ps ;ftfsf]
cfslift{ ug{;lsg] ;Da4 Joj;foL ;do lbOPsf] u[x dGqfnon] hgfPsf]
atfpF5g\ . dsfcf]kl5 Pl;ofdf 5 . o:t} clt ljlzi6 tyf ljlzi6
JolStx?sf] ljZj;gLo Pj+ e/kbf]{
Sofl;gf] leqofpg] g]kfn bf];f| ] d'ns
'
xf] . ;g\ !(^^ -$^ jif{cl3_ Sofl;gf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf ldnfpg ckgfpg' kg{]
sfo{ljwL agfpg ;x;lrj z+s/
g]kfn ;~rfngdf cfPsf] xf] . olt
sf]O/fnfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf csf]{ ;ldlt
k'/fgf] Oltxf; af]s]sf] Sofl;gf]nfO{
u7g ePsf] 5 . % ;b:oLo ;ldltdf
w/fzfoL agfpg x'Fb}g, l;njfn g]kfn k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, /fli6o
eG5g\ .
cg';Gwfg ljefusf pRr clws[t
klxnf] Sofl;gf] ;~rfngdf ;b:o 5g\ . ;ldltnfO{ # ;ftfsf]
cfPsf] cfwf ztfAbL k'Ug nfu]klg ;do lbOPsf] 5 . u[x dGqfnon]
' df Pskl5 csf]{ Sofl;gf] v'ns
] f] lj1KtL lgsfn]/ 36gfk|lt b'Mv ;d]t
d'ns
@)$* ;fnsf] pbf/Ls/0f kl5 dfq JoSt u/]sf] 5 . o;}ljr, bfxfndfly
xf] . clxn] d'n'ssf ;a} kfFrtf/] ePsf] xftkftdf cfgf] kf6L{sf] s'g}
xf]6nn] Sofl;gf] ;~rfngsf] Ohfht ;+nUgtf gePsf] g]skfdfcf]jfbLn]
lnPsf 5g\ . t/ clxn];Dd Sofl;gf] hgfPsf] 5 . kf6L{ s f] d' V ofno
Ohfhtkqdf pNn]v x'g] ;t{ g} a'4gu/df a;]sf] a}7skl5 dfcf]jfbL
Sofl;gf] ;~rfngsf] sfg'g xf] . ;lrj g]qljqmd rGbn] Pdfcf]jfbL
;+;bsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] cWoIf bfxfndfly ePsf] xftkft
lgodgsf nflu lgb]l{ zsf agfpg b'Mvb\ ePsf] atfpFb} 36gfdf cfgf]
;/sf/nfO{ lgb]z
{ g lbPsf] b'O{ jif{lat] kf6L{sf] ;+nUgtf ePsf] egL cfPsf
klg lgb{]lzsf cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . cleJolSt cfj]ufTds / k"jf{u|xL
;t{lxt g]kfnL gful/snfO{ k|jz
] lbg] ePsf] atfP . pgn] eg], xfdLn]
ko{ 6 g dGqfnosf] k| : tfjdf To:tf ultljlw ug{ cfjZos g}
cy{;xdt gePkl5 lgb{l] zsf cnkq 5}g . lgof]lht?kdf Psyl/ dfG5]n]
k/]sf] 5 . Sofl;gf] Joj;fo kmi6fPs} To:tf] xNnf km}nfP/ jftfj/0f w'ldn
sf/0f bIf Joj:yfkg / sfdbf/ ug]{ k|of; u/]sf x'g . hgtfaLr
pTkfbg ePsf] 5 . l;lSsddf rn]sf le8Gt u/fpg] p2]Zon] o:tf xNnf
b'O{ Sofl;gf]df oxfFsf Joj;foL km}nfOPsf] atfpFb} 36gfdf cfk"m
;fem]bf/ 5g\ . l;njfnn] ef/tsf O{Grfh{ /x]sf] o'jf hg:jod;]js
k" j { e f;b d0fLs' d f/ ;' A afsf] Ao"/f]sf] ;b:osf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] egL
Pdfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 cfPsf] cleJolSt
;fem]bf/Ldf l;lSsddf Sofl;gf] lgGbgLo 5 pgn] eg] .
rnfO/x]sf 5g\ . ljgf]b >]i7n]
ljsf; rflDn;F u ldn] / csf] {
lg/fzf k}bf u/fpg] / d'ns
' nfO{ Pp6f
Sofl;gf] rnfO/x]sf 5g\ . o:t} c;kmn /fi6sf ;"lrs[t u/fpg]
uf]jfsf Sofl;gf]x?df y'k|} g]kfnL ;/sf/sf] c3f]lift gLlt 5n{ x'g
sfdbf/n] /f]huf/L kfPsf 5g\ . k'us
] f] 5 . /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] lgsf;
Sofl;gf] leqofpg] cd]l/sL gful/s 5nkmn / ;xdlt g} xf] . t/,
cf/8L 66nsf] nfdf] ;do oxfFsf] ;/sf/sf] PskIfLo sfo{ z } n Ln]
Sofl;gf]df Ps5q /fh u/]sf lyP . To;nfO{ lgif]w u/]sf] hfgsf/x?
kl5 pgn] g} ljQ lgoGqssf] ?kdf atfpF5g\ . ;xdltsf] k|of; ug]{ t
NofPsf ef/tLo gful/s /fs]z ;/sf/n] xf] oxfF t ;/sf/ g}
afWfjfsf] Sofl;gf]df lgoGq0f /Xof] . d'7e]8sf] nflu tof/ b]lvPsf] 5,
t/ clxn] Sofl;gf] Joj:yfkgdf pgLx?sf] yk l6Kk0fL /x]sf] 5 .

k|r08nfO{===

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E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com sDKo'6/ tyf d'bs
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