1.

Bt ng thc CauChy cho hai s:

a 0, b 0 a+b 2

B t ng Thc
ab Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi:

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2. Bt ng thc CauChy cho n s:

a1, a2 ,..., an

Vi n s khng m

a1 a2 ... an

n n a1a2 ...an
a2 ... an

Du bng xy ra khi v ch khi: a1

Bi ton: Chng minh rng a

m a Ta c: n

0, b 0, c 0 v m, n

bm

cm

a mb n b m c n c m a n

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi cho m s khng m

a m n v n s khng m b m n ta c: ma m n nb m n m n m n m m n n (a ) (b ) m n m n
ma
m n

nb m n

m n

ma

m n

(a b )

m n m n

nb m n
n

a mb n (1)

Tng t: Ta cng c

mb m

nc m m n

mc m
(2)

b c

m n

na m m n

c m a n (3)

Cng v vi v ca (1), (2) v (3) ta c iu phi chng minh.

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V d 1: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR:
Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

a5 b2

b5 c2

c5 a2

a3

b3

c3

a5 b2
a5 b2

ab 2

2a 3

b c2

bc 2

2b3

c5 a2

ca 2

2c 3

Cng v vi v ca cc bt ng thc trn ta c:

b5 c2

c5 a2

ab 2 bc 2 ca 2

2(a 3 b3 c 3 ) (*)

Mt khc trong bt ng thc bi ton trn khi cho m = 1, n = 2 th ta c:

a3

b3

c3

ab 2

bc 2

ca 2

(**)

Cng v vi v ca (*) v (**) ta c iu phi chng minh.

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V d 2: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR:
(HNN 2000)

a5 bc

b5 ca

c5 ab

a3

b3

c3

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

a5 bc
a5 bc

abc

2a 3

b5 , ca

bca

5 c 2b 3 , ab

cab

2c 3

Cng v vi v ca cc bt ng thc trn ta c:

b5 ca

c5 ab
3

3abc

2(a 3

b3

c 3 ) (*)

Mt khc: a

b3

c3

3abc (**)

Cng v vi v ca (*) v (**) ta c iu phi chng minh.

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V d 3: Vi a

0, b 0, c 0. CMR:
a5 b3 a3 b

a5 b3

b5 c3

c5 a3

a3 b

b3 c

c3 a

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

a5 b3

ab

a3 2 b

2ab

a3 b

ab

2a 2

b5 c3

b3 bc 2 c
c5 a3 ca c3 2 a

b5 c3

2bc
c5 a3

b3 c
c3 a

b3 c

bc
c3 a ca

2b2
2c 2

2ca

Cng v vi v ca cc bt ng thc trn ta c:

a 5 b5 c 5 a 3 b3 c 3 2 2 2 2( ab bc ca ) 2( a b c ) (*) 3 3 3 b c a b c a Mt khc trong bt ng thc bi ton trn khi cho m = 1, n = 1 th ta c:

(a 2 b 2

c2 )

2(ab bc ca) (**)

Cng v vi v ca (*) v (**) ta c iu phi chng minh.

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V d 4: Vi a 0, b 0, c.0. CMR:
a3 a 2b
9a 3 a 2b

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b2 c 2 ) (H M HN 1999)

b3 b 2c

c3 c 2a

1 2 (a 3

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

a(a 2b)

6a 2

9b3 , b(b 2c) 6b 2 b 2c

9c 3 , c ( c 2 a ) 6c 2 c 2a

Cng v vi v ca cc bt ng thc trn ta c:

a3 b3 c3 9 (a 2 b2 c 2 ) 2(ab bc ca) 6(a 2 b2 c 2 ) (*) a 2b b 2c c 2a Mt khc trong bt ng thc bi ton trn khi cho m = 1, n = 1 th ta c:

(a 2 b 2

c2 )

2(ab bc ca) (**)

Cng v vi v ca (*) v (**) ta c iu phi chng minh.

V d 5: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR:

a3 b c
2

b3 c a
2

c3 a b
2

1 (a b c) 4

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

8a 3 (b c ) 2

(b c ) (b c )

6a

8b3 (c a ) 2

(c a ) (c a )

6b

8c 3 ( a b) 2

( a b) ( a b)

6c

Cng v vi v ta c PCM

V d 6: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR:
a3 b c a b3 c a b c3 a b c 1 (a 2 b c)

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c: 4c 3 4b3 4a 3 2a (b c ) 6c 2c (a b) 6b , 2b (c a ) 6a , c ( a b ) a (b c ) b (c a )

a3 b3 c3 Cng v vi v ta c: 4 b(c a) c(a b) a(b c) 4(a b c) 6(a b c)
Suy ra iu phi chng minh.

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V d 7: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR:

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a4 bc 2 a bc 2
4

b4 ca 2

c4 ab 2

(HBKN 2001)

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

b c c

4 b 4a ca 2

c a a

4b

c4 ab 2

a b b

4c

Cng v vi v ta c iu phi chng minh. V d 8: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR:

a3 a b b c
8a 3 (a b)(b c)
8a 3 (c a )(a b)

b3 b c c a

c3 c a a b
8b3 (b c)(c a )

1 (a b c) 4
6b

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

(a b) (b c)
(c a ) ( a b )

6a
6c

(b c) (c a )

Cng v vi v ta c PCM

a2 V d 9: Vi a 0, b 0, c 0. CMR: b3
Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

b2 c3

c2 a3

9 b

b a2

a a
b3 a2

3b
c3 b2

c b2
a3 c2

b b 3c
a b c
(B )

a3 c2
1 a3 1 c2
1 b 1 a

c c 3c

Suy ra

p dng b cho biu thc:

3

a2 b3

b2 c3

c2 a3

1 b3 1 a2

1 c3 1 b2

1 c 1 b

1 a 1 c

1 b

1 c

1 a

1 b

1 c

1 a

9 a b c

BT c chng minh

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V d 10: Nu

Th

bc a 3 (c 2b)

a 0, b 0, c 0, a b c 3abc
ac b3 ( a 2c)

ab c3 (b 2a)
3

Gii: p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:

9a 3 b 2c
V

a (b 2c)

6a

9c 9b3 , b(c 2a) 6b 2 , a 2b c 2a

c(a 2b) 6c 2

3(a 2 b 2

c 2 ) 3(ab bc ca )

9a 3 9b3 9c 3 3(a 2 b 2 c 2 ) b 2c c 2a a 2b a3 b3 c3 1 2 (a b 2 c 2 ) b 2c c 2a a 2b 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 bc ac ab a b a a 3 (c 2b) b3 (a 2c) c 3 (b 2a) 1 2 1 2 1 2 b c c a a b BT c chng minh 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1a b c 1 2 2 2 3 a b c 3 ab bc ca 3 abc

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