Professional Documents
Culture Documents
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
t10
t20
Cu b:
Tri phiu ca 1 cng ty c hng tn dng l AAA nn LP = 0; DRP > 0
V DRP tng dn theo thi gian t k hn 1 nm n 20 nm, v ri ro v n
di hn s ln hn ngn hn.
Cu c:
Tri phiu ca mt nh my in ht nhn s c DRP v LP rt ln nn ng
li sut ca n s c dng nh hai ng trn nhng nm v tr cao hn trn
h trc ta
Bi 3.3
Gi s hin nay li sut hng nm ca tri phiu kho bc c k hn 2 nm l
11.5%, cn ca tri
phiu k hn 1 nm l 10%, k* l 3%, v MRP l 0.
a. Dng l thuyt k vng d bo li sut ca tri phiu k hn 1 nm nm
ti.(Theo l thuyt k vng li sut hng nm ca tri phiu c k hn 2 nm l
trung bnh cng ca hai li sut ca tri phiu k hn 1 nm nm 1 v nm 2)
b. Tnh tc lm pht mong i nm 1? Nm 2?
GII
MRP = 0
K = 3%
*
b.
Ta c:k = k + IP
tc lm pht nm 1: IP = 10% - 3% = 7%
tc lm pht nm 2: IP = 13% - 3% = 10%
1
2
Bi 3-4:
Gi s k* l 4% v MRP l 0. Nu li sut danh ngha trn tri phiu k hn 1
nm l 11%, v trn tri phiu k hn 2 nm c ri ro tng t l 13%.
Tnh li sut ca tri phiu k hn 1 nm c pht hnh nm 2?
Tc lm pht nm 2 l bao nhiu?
Gii thch ti sao li sut trung bnh ca tri phiu k hn 2 nm khc vi li
sut ca tri phiu k hn 1 nm nm 2 ?
Gii :
k* = 4% v MRP = 0
c.
M li sut TF k hn 1 nm nm 1 l 11%
d.
Bi 3-5:
Cui nm 1980 phng Thng mi M cng b mt s s liu cho thy tc
lm pht khong 15% v li sut th trng l 21%, t mc cao k lc. Tuy
nhin nhiu nh u t hy vng rng chnh ph mi Reagan s kim sot lm
pht tt hn chnh ph Carter. Li sut cao cc v chnh sch tht cht tn
dng, kt qu ca nhng n lc ca Qu d tr lin bang nhm km tc lm
pht, s tm thi gy suy thoi kinh t nhng sau s h tc lm pht v
gim li sut. Gi s u nm 1981 tc lm pht k vng l 13%; 1982 l
9%; 1983 l 7%; 1984 v cc nm sau n nh mc 6%
a. Tc lm pht bnh qun trong thi k 5 nm t 1981-1985 l bao nhiu?
b. Li sut danh ngha trung bnh trong thi k l bao nhiu to ra li sut
phi ri ro thc s trn tri phiu kho bc k hn 5 nm l 2%?
c. Cho k* = 2% v MRP khi u mc 0.1% v tng 0.1% mi nm, vo
thng 1 / 1981 hy c lng li sut trn tri phiu c k hn 1, 2, 5, 10, v 20
nm, ri v ng li sut da trn cc s liu ny
d. Hy m t cc iu kin kinh t tng qut c th dn n ng li sut
hng ln
e. Nu u nm 1981 phn ln cc nh u t u hy vng tc lm pht
cc nm ti n nh mc 10%, bn ngh ng li sut s nh th no? Xt
tt c cc yu t thc t c th nh hng ti n. Cu tr li ca bn y c
lm bn ngh li ng li sut bn v trong phn c khng?
Gii:
Gii:
IP =13%
IP =9%
IP =7%
IP =6%
IP =6%
k =2% MRP
MRP
1
MRP =0.2%
MRP =0.3%
MRP =0.4%
MRP =0.5%
MRP =0.6%
=1.1% k =?
=2.1% k =?
5
10
20
t10
t20
k =?
k =?
k =?
k =?
k =?
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
t1
t2
t3
t4
t5
10
t10
20
t20
Bi gii
1. lm pht trung bnh thi k 4 nm ti: IP = (7% + 10% + 11% +12%)/4 =
10%
2. li sut tri phiu kho bc k hn 4 nm nn l: k = k* + IP = 7% + 10% =
17%
( k* l li sut ca k phiu kho bc = 7% )
3. nu li sut tri phiu kho bc k hn 4 nm c gi nguyn 17% trong
sut 4 nm ti th ta c th d on lm pht nm 2013 nh sau:
- gi x l lm pht trong nm 2013:
- ta c: ( 10% + 11% + 12% + x)/ 4 = 10%
x = 7%
4
Bi 4-5:
Bi 4- 6: (THI)
Gi s bn qun l. 4 triu $ ca mt qu u t. Qu gm 4 c phiu vi vn
u t v h s beta nh sau:
C phiu
Vn u t
beta
A
400.000
1,5
B
600.000
(0,5)
C
1.000.000
1,25
D
2.000.000
0,75
Bi lm:
Cch 1: p dng cng thc: Ks = K + ( Km K )
Ks: Li sut ca c phiu
K : Li sut ca tri phiu chnh ph = li sut phi ri ro
Km: Li sut th trng
Li sut ca tng loi c phiu l:
K = 6% + 1.5 ( 14% - 6%) = 18%
K = 6% + (-0.5) ( 14% - 6%) = 2%
K = 6% + 1,25 (14% -6%) = 16%
K = 6% + 0.75 ( 14%-6%) = 12%
RF
RF
RF
A
B
C
Li sut yu cu ca qu:
K=
18% * 400.000
+
4.000.000
2%*600.000 16%*1.000.000
+
+
4.000.000
4.000.000
12%*2.000.000
4.000.000
= 1.8% + 0.3% + 4% + 6%
= 12.1 %
Cch 2
- h s beta ca danh mc:
= (0,4/4)* 1,5 + (0,6/4)*(-0,5) + (1/4)*1,25 + (2/4)*0,75 = 0,7625
- sut sinh li cn thit ca danh mc:
K = k + ( k k ) = 6% + (14% - 6%)* 0,7625 = 12,1%
p
rf
rf
rf
rf
Bi 5-27
Bi 5-28:
Gi s D ca bn bn mt cn nh ngy 31/12, v ngi mua cn n li mt s
tin l 10.000 $. Khon n ny s phi tnh li vi li sut danh ngha 10%, tr
dn mi 6 thng, bt u t 30/6, trong vng 10 nm. Tng s tin li phi tr
trong nm u tin l bao nhiu? (985)
Bi lm:
Li sut 6 thng r = 5%
K thanh ton = 10 x 2 = 20k
C: S tin phi tr 1k
Ta c: .7
S tin li phi tr k 1 (30/06) = (10.000 x 5%) = 500
S tin gc tr k 1 (30/06) = (802.7 500) = 302.7
Bi 6-4: (THI)
Tri phiu ca cng ty Beranek c k hn vnh vin vi li sut cung phiu l
10%, tri phiu
loi ny hin nay c li sut l 8%, mnh gi l 1,000$
a. Tnh gi ca tri phiu ca Benarek?
b. Gi s li sut tng sao cho li sut ca tri phiu loi ny l 12%. Lc
gi ca tri phiu
ca Benarek l bao nhiu?
c. Tnh li gi ca tri phiu ca Benarek nu li sut ca loi tri phiu ny l
10%
d. Kt qu cc phn trn s thay i nh th no nu k hn ca tri phiu l
20 nm thay v vnh vin
Bi 6-6
GII
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Bi 6-10:
Gi s vo thng hai nm 1966 lnh o sn bay Los Angeles pht hnh tri
phiu k hn 30
nm, li sut 3.4%. Li sut tng mnh nhng nm sau , v gi tri phiu
gim nh ta bit.
Vo thng hai nm 1979, gi ca tri phiu ny rt t 1,000$ xung ch cn
650$ sau 13 nm.
tr li cc cu hi sau, gi s tin li c tr hng nm
a. Tri phiu lc pht hnh bng mnh gi 1,000$. Tnh li sut ti o hn
(YTM)?
b. Tnh li sut ti o hn thi im thng hai nm 1979?
c. Gi s k t nm 1979 tr i, li sut n nh mc ca nm 1979. Tnh gi
ca tri phiu
ny thng hai nm 1991, khi n cn 5 nm na l o hn?
d. Gi tri phiu l bao nhiu nu ngy mai n o hn? (Khng k tin li cui
cng)
e. Vo nm 1979, tri phiu ca sn bay Los Angeles c phn loi l tri
phiu chit khu.
iu g xy ra vi gi ca tri phiu chit khu khi n gn o hn? Gi c
ng nhin tng
vi cc tri phiu ny khng?
f. Tin li chia cho th gi tri phiu c gi l li sut hin ti ca tri phiu.
Vi cc gi
thit trong phn c, tnh li sut tri phiu vo (1) thng hai nm 1979 v (2)
thng hai nm 1991? Tnh li sut t chnh lch gi v li sut ti o hn ca
tri phiu vo hai thi im trn?
GII
a. Do gi tri phiu pht hnh bng mnh gi nn li sut ti o hn bng
li sut cung phiu.
b. Ta c cng thc:
Hay
c.
d.
Bi 6-14: (THI)
Vo ngy 1 / 1 / 1992 bn nh mua tri phiu ca cng ty Nast pht hnh
vo ngy 1 / 1 /
1990. Tri phiu ny c k hn 30 nm v li sut cung phiu l 9.5%. C
iu khon m bo
khng thu hi trong vng 5 nm k t ngy pht hnh. Sau thi gian tri
phiu c th c
Bi 7-11:
Bng sau y cho gi tr EPS (thu nhp trn mi c phn) ca cng ty
Barenbaum trong 10 nm qua. C phiu thng ca cng ty, 7.8 triu c phn
ang lu hnh, hin ang bn vi gi 65 $ mi c phn (1/1/1992), v c tc
mong i vo cui nm nay (1992) l 55% ca EPS nm 1991. V cc nh u
t hy vng xu hng trong qu kh vn tip tc, g c th da trn tc tng
trng ca thu nhp. (tng trng ca 9 nm c phn nh trong s liu:
Nm
EPS
Nm
EPS
1982
3.9
1987
5.83
1983
4.21
1988
6.19
1984
4.55
1989
6.68
1985
4.91
1990
7.22
1986
5.31
1991
7.80
Li sut hin nay trn cc khong n mi l 9 %.Thu sut thu thu nhp 40%.
Cu trc vn
c xem l ti u nh sau:
N
$ 104.000.000
Cc khon li chung
$ 156.000.000
Tng cng
$ 260.000.000
a. Tnh chi ph sau thu ca n mi (5.4%) v chi ph vn c phn ca
Barenbaum, gi s vn c phn mi ch c c t li nhun gi li. H.y tnh
chi ph vn c phn theo cng thc:
ks = D1 / P0 + g = 6.6 + 8 = 14.6%
b. Tnh chi ph vn trung bnh ca Barenbaum, mt ln na gi nh rng cng
ty khng pht hnh thm c phiu thng v tt c cc khon n u c chi ph
l 9%. (10.92)
c. Cng ty c th u t bao nhiu trc khi huy ng thm vn c phn t cc
c ng mi? (Gi s li nhun gi li nm 1992 l 45% so vi nm 1991. Li
nhun gi li nm 1991 c c bng cch nhn EPS ca nm 1991 vi s c
phn hin hnh) (45.63)
d. Tnh chi ph vn trung bnh ca Barenbaum (chi ph cc ngun vn huy ng
s tng khi vt qu s lng tnh ton phn c) nu pht hnh thm c phiu
mi vi gi $ 65 mt phn, trong cng ty nhn c $ 58,5 mi c phiu,
chi ph n vn khng i (11.34)
Bi 7-12
Doanh nghip Hawley c cu trc vn nh sau, c xem l ti u trong iu
kin hin nay:
N (Di hn)
45%
Vn c ng
55%
Tng ngun vn
100%
Nm ti cc nh qun l hy vng kim c $2,5 triu li nhun sau thu. T
trc n nay cng ty chi 60% li nhun cho c ng v s tip tc ch
trng ny. Mt cam kt mi y vi ngn hng cho php cng ty vay tin theo
sp xp sau:
Tin vay
Li sut
0 - $ 500,000
9% trn khon vay ny
$500,001 $900,000
11% trn khon vay ny
$900,001 tr ln
13% trn khon vay ny
Thu sut trung bnh ca cng ty l 40%, gi th trng ca c phiu l $22, c
tc gn y nht
l $2.2 mi c phiu v tc tng trng l 5%. C phiu mi c th pht
hnh vi chi ph l
10%. Cng ty c cc c hi u t trong nm ti l:
D n
Gi tr
Li sut
1
$ 675000
16%
2
900000
15%
3
375000
14%
4
562500
12%
5
750000
11%
Ban qun l yu cu bn xc nh d n no nn c thc hin (nu c). Bn
tin hnh phn
tch bng cch tr li nhng cu hi sau (hoc thc hin cng vic) c t
trong mt chui
hp l:
a. C bao nhiu bc nhy trong biu MCC? nhng gi tr no v nguyn
nhn l g?
b. Tnh chi ph vn trung bnh, WACC, trong cc khong gia cc bc nhy?
c. V biu IOS v MCC
Cu c: V th
Wacc2 11.9%
Wacc3 12.13%
Wacc4 12.67%
1111.11
1818.18
2000
675
900
375
562.5
750
16%
15%
14%
12%
11%
Bi 7-13
Cng ty in lc Florida (FEC) ch s dng n v vn ch s hu. Cng ty c
th vay khng gii hn vi mc li sut 10% min l n ti tr theo ng cu
trc vn mc tiu i hi phi c 45% n v vn ch s hu l 55%. C tc
gn y nht l 2 $. Tc tng trng bnh qun ca cng ty l 4%, gi c
phiu l 25 $ v c phiu mi sau khi tr chi ph s em li cho cng ty 20 $.
Thu sut thu thu nhp ca FEC l 40% v cng ty hy vng kim c 100
triu $ li nhun trong nm nay. Hai d n ang c sn l:
D n A c chi ph u t l 200 triu $ v li sut l 13%
D n B c chi ph u t l 125 triu $ v li sut l 10%
Tt c cc d n ca cng ty u c ri ro bng nhau.
a. Chi ph vn c phn pht hnh thm ca FEC l bao nhiu?
b. Chi ph vn bin, ngha l mc tng ca WACC c dng khi nh gi
cc d n c
d ton ngn sch (hai d n ny v thm bt k d n no khc c th pht
sinh trong nm,
min l biu chi ph vn vn nh hin nay), ca FEC l bao nhiu?
GII
Cu a.
D1 = Do*(1+g) = 2*(1+0.04) = 2.08.
g = 4% bi cho.
Po*(1-F) = 25*(1-0.2) = 20
Ke = 4% + 2.08/20 =14.4%
Cu b.
Ta c cu trc vn ca cng ty l t l n 45% v vn ch s hu l 55%.
Chi ph vay n: Kd*(1 T) = 10%*(1- 40%) = 6%
Chi ph vn c phn c: Ks = g + D1/Po = 4% + 2.08/25 = 12.32%
Chi ph vn c phn mi nh tnh cu a th Ke = 14.4%
Bi 8-4:
D n S c chi ph l $15000 v ngn lu thu c l $4500/nm trong 5 nm.
D n L c chi ph l $37500 v ngn lu thu c l $11100/nm trong 5
nm. Tnh NPV, IRR v MIRR ca c hai d n bit chi ph vn l 14%. D n
no s c chn, gi s chng loi tr nhau, vi mi phng php sp hng?
Cui cng nn chn ci no? (S: 449; 15.24%; 14.67%) (L: 607; 14.67%;
14.36%)
GII
1. Tnh NPV:
Da theo cng thc, ta tm c:
NPV = CF +
S
+
= -15.000 +
+
= 449 ($)
Tng t, ta tm c:
NPV = CF +
L
+
= -37.500 +
+
= 607 ($)
2.
Tnh IRR:
IRR l gi tr tha mn cng thc:
CF +
0
+
+
=0
Bng cch dng phng php th v sai, ta c th tm c gi tr gn ng
ca :
IRR = 15,24 %
IRR = 14,67 %
S
3.
Tnh MIRR:
Ta a tt c ngn lu m v thi im u v tt c ngn lu dng v thi
im cui, sau tnh li IRR*
CF
-15.000
= 1,983
+ 5130
+ 4500
+ 5848,2
+6666,95
+ 7600,32
-15000
T
T
T
T
T
T
4
3
1
2
0
+ 29.745,47
Tng t, ta tnh c:
- 37.500 + = 0
- 37.500 + = 0
(1 + IRR*) = 1,957
(1+ IRR*) = 1,1436
5
Bi 8-5:
Cng ty Boisjoly Products ang xem xt hai d n u t loi tr nhau. Ta c
bng ngn lu rng mong i ca hai d n nh sau:
Bng ngn lu rng mong i
Nm
D n A($)
D n B($)
0
(300)
(405)
1
(387)
134
2
(193)
134
3
(100)
134
4
600
134
5
600
134
6
850
134
7
(180)
0
a. Xy dng th NPV cho d n A v B
b. Tnh IRR ca mi d n? (18.1% v 24%)
c. Nu mi d n c chi ph vn l 12% (A) th d n no s c chn? Nu
chi ph vn ca
d n l 18% (B) th s la chn ng l g?
d. Tnh MIRR ca mi d n nu chi ph vn l 12%? l 18%? (gi : xem nm
th 7 l nm
cui ca d n B) (A: 15.1%; 18%) (B: 17%; 20.5%)
e. Tnh li sut giao im, n c ngha g? (14.5%)
Bi 14-6:
Gi s 5 nm trc thnh ph Tampa pht hnh tri phiu th 0 coupon, gi
tr khi o
hn l 1000 $, c min thu. Khi pht hnh tri phiu c k hn thanh ton
25 nm v li sut
danh ngha l 10%, tnh gp mi na nm. Tri phiu by gi c th c thu
hi mc gi
110% trn gi tr tch lu. Tnh li sut thc (hng nm) nh u t mua tri
phiu khi chng
c pht hnh v s hu chng cho n nay nhn c nu nh chng c
thu hi hm nay?
Bi 15-1
Hai cng ty dt Van Auken v Herrman Mills bt u hot ng vi 2 bng cn
i k ton ging ht nhau. Mt nm sau, c hai cng ty u c yu cu phi
tng thm nng lc sn xut vi chi ph l 200000$. Cng ty Auken c ngn
hng cho vay 200000$ vi li sut 8% /nm. Cn Hermann th quyt nh thu
thit b t cng ty cho thu ti chnh American Leasing trong 5 nm, li sut
hng nm l 8% ghi r trong hp ng thu. Bng cn i k ton ca c hai
cng ty trc khi tng ti sn nh sau:
N
200000
Vn ch s hu
200000
Tng ti sn 400000
Tng n v vn
400000
a. Lp bng cn i k ton ca mi cng ty sau khi tng ti sn v tnh ton t
l n mi ca
mi cng ty.
b. Bng cn i k ton ca cng ty Herrman s nh th no sau khi ti tr nu
vic thu vn
phi c th hin ln bng cn i k ton?
c. Li sut trn (1) ti sn v (2) vn c phn c b nh hng bi vic chn la
hnh thc ti
tr khng? nh hng nh th no?
GAI
a.
Bng cn i k ton ca mi cng ty sau khi tng ti sn
Cng ty Auken
Tng ti sn
Cng ty Herrman
600000
N
Vn ch s hu
Tng n v vn
400000
200000
600000
N
200000
200000
Tng ti sn
400000
400000
Vn
ch
hu
Tng
vn
T l n mi ca mi cng ty:
Cng ty Auken
T l n mi = 400000 / 600000 = 2/3
Cng ty Herrman
T l n mi = 200000 / 400000 = 1/2
b.
Bng cn i k ton ca cng ty Herrman s nh th no nu vic thu vn
phi c th hin trn bng cn i k ton.
N
400000
Vn ch s hu
200000
Tng ti sn 600000
Tng n v vn
600000
(N 212 (Ti khon c nh thu ti chnh) 200000
C Ti khon 342
200000)
c.
Cng thc:
Li sut trn tng ti sn = (EBIT thu) / Tng ti sn trung bnh
Li sut ca hai phng n Mua v Thu bng nhau (8%) nn c th gi nh l
li tc (EBIT thu) ca hai cng ty l nh nhau. Cng ty Auken tng ti sn
sau khi ti tr nn li sut trn tng ti sn s nh hn cng ty Herrman la
chn hnh thc ti tr l i thu ti chnh.
Cng thc:
Li sut trn vn ch s hu = (EBIT thu) / Vn ch s hu
Ch tiu ny c hai cng ty u khng thay i v phng n Thu hay Mua
u khng nh hng ti vn ch s hu.
Bi 15-2:
Cng ty Berry Mining phi lp t mt my mi tr gi 1,5 triu $ ti khu hm
m Nevada. Cng ty ny c th vay 100% ngun vn trn, hay lp mt hp
ng thu ti chnh, gi nh nh sau:
Nhng thit b ny c khu hao trong khung 3 nm.
Chi ph bo tr. 75,000$ mi nm.
Thu sut l 40%
Nu s tin trn c ngn hng cho vay th li sut l 15%, tr dn trong 3
nm vo cui nm.
Tin thu phi tr mi nm l 480,000$, trong 3 nm.
Theo cc iu khon thu, ngi thu phi tr tin bo him, thu trn ti sn
v bo tr.
Cng ty Berry phi s dng thit b ny nu nh mun tip tc kinh doanh, v
vy hu nh
cng ty ny chc chn s mua li ti sn vo cui hp ng thu. Trong trng
hp , cng
ty c th mua thit b theo gi th trng vo thi im . c lng tt
nht gi th trng ca ti sn ny khi thanh l l 325,000$, vi mc chnh lch
kh ln ty tnh hung c th.
gip cc nh qun l a ra nhng quyt nh ng n thu-hay-mua, bn
c yu cu tr
li nhng cu hi sau:
a. Gi s c th sp xp hp ng thu, Berry nn thu hay vay tin mua thit
b? Gii thch?
(Hng dn: Tnh hin gi ca chi ph mua = 1,021,599 so vi 979,972 trong
trng hp thu)
b. Xem gi tr thanh l 325,000$ c c lng, chit khu gi tr ny vi
cng t sut chit khu nh cc ngn lu khc c ph hp khng? Cc ngn lu
c ri ro nh nhau khng? (gi : ngn lu c ri ro cao thng c chit
khu bng t sut cao hn, nhng khi ngn lu l chi ph ch khng phi thu
nhp th lm ngc li)
Bi 17-3:
Cng ty Vincent ang c gng xc nh nh hng ca h s quay vng tn
kho v chu k thu hi cc khon phi thu (DSO) trn chu k lun chuyn tin
mt ca n. Nm 1991 doanh thu (tn dng) ca cng ty l 150000 $ v li tc
c.
Bi 17-4:
Cng ty Brueggeman l mt nh sn xut hng u M v loi pin acquy
t. Cng ty tung ra bn mi ngy 1500 pin vi chi ph nguyn vt liu v lao
ng l 6 $/pin. Thi gian chuyn nguyn vt liu thnh sn phm pin acquy
ca cng ty l 22 ngy. Cng ty cho php khch hng ca mnh n trong thi
hn 40 ngy v thng tr cho nh cung cp trong vng 30 ngy.
a. Chu k lun chuyn tin mt ca cng ty l bao lu? (32)
b. Trong tnh hnh n nh mi ngy cng ty sn xut 1500 pin acquy th n
phi ti tr cho vn hot ng bao nhiu? (1500*6*32 = 288000)
c. Nu cng ty c th ko di thi gian tr hon thanh ton n 35 ngy th n
c th gim vn hot ng xung bao nhiu? (288000 243000 = 45000)
d. B phn qun l ca cng ty ang th phn tch hiu qu ca mt quy trnh
sn xut mi trn vn hot ng. Quy trnh sn xut mi cho php cng ty
gim thi gian lun chuyn tn kho xung cn 20 ngy v tng sn lng hng
ngy ln 1800 pin. Tuy nhin quy trnh mi ny s lm cho chi ph nguyn vt
liu v lao ng tng ti 7$. Gi s vic thay i khng nh hng n chu k
thu hi cc khon phi thu (40 ngy) v thi gian tr hon thanh ton (30 ngy).
Nu quy trnh sn xut mi c p dng th chu k lun chuyn tin mt v
vn hot ng yu cu l bao nhiu? (30 ngy v 378000)
Bi 18-6
11
12
1600 400
60
0
60
1600 400 0
Mua hng
3.Gi tr mua hng
4.Chi tin mua hng
140
40
0 400 400 0
40
1400 400 0
48 48 48
8. Tin thu
20 20 20
9. Tin thu
120
1588 468
46
8
4 16 -52
16 -52 80
14. nh mc tin mt
60 60 60
-44 112 20
Cu b
Thng
11
12
Mua hng
3.Gi tr mua hng
4.Chi tin mua hng
II.Tng gim tin mt trong thng
140
0 400 400
1400 400
1400
7.Tr lng
48
8. Tin thu
20
9. Tin thu
120
1588
1588
4
1584
60
1644
Bi 18-7:
Judy Maese, ch ca cng ty thit k thi trang Judy, ang d nh thit lp
mt khon n vi ngn hng ca c ta. C . c lng doanh thu ca cng ty
trong cc thng ca nm 1992 v 1993:
Thng 5 /1992:
180000
6
180000
7
360000
8
540000
9
720000
10
360000
11
360000
12
90000
Thng 1/1993:
180000
Tin n c b phn thu hi tn dng c lng nh sau: thu hi t doanh thu
trong thng l 10%; sau mt thng thu hi tip 75%; sau hai thng thu hi nt
15% cn li. Chi ph lao ng v nguyn vt liu thng tr sau mt thng k
t lc chi ph pht sinh. Tng chi ph cho lao ng v nguyn vt liu c c
lng cho mi thng nh sau:
Thng 5/1992:
90000
6
90000
7
126000
8
882000
9
306000
10
234000
11
126000
12
90000
Lng b phn qun l khong 27000 / thng; tin thu ca nhng hp ng
thu di hn l 9000 / thng; chi ph khu hao l 36000 / thng; chi ph linh tinh
l 2700 / thng; tin thu thu nhp l 63000 s c tr vo thng 9 v12; v
chi ph cho mt phng thit k mi 180000 s c tr vo thng 10. Tin mt
ti qu vo ngy 1/7 l 132000 v s tin mt tn qu ti thiu l 90000 s
c duy tr sut k d ton ngn qu
a. Hy lp d ton tin mt hng thng cho 6 thng cui ca nm 1992.
b. Hy c lng yu cu ti tr (hoc qu d tha) - l s tin m Judy s
cn mn (hoc c th s u t) - cho mi thng trong k d ton
c. Gi s ha n bn hng n u n sut trong thng (ngha l tin mt thu
c theo t l 1/30 mi ngy), nhng tt c cc khon chi u xy ra vo ngy
15 trong thng. iu ny c nh hng n d ton tin mt khng? Ni cch
khc, d ton tin mt bn lp c da trn nhng gi nh ny khng? Nu
khng, c th lm g c lng nhng yu cu ti tr cao im c gi tr?
Khng yu cu tnh ton, mc d tnh ton c th dng minh ho nh hng
Bi 19-1:
Delano Industries bn hng vi chnh sch tn dng 3/10, net 30. Tng doanh
thu trong nm l 900000. 40% khch hng tr vo ngy th 10 v c hng
chit khu, 60% cn li tr trung bnh vo khong 40 ngy sau khi mua
a. Trung b.nh khch thanh ton sau bao nhiu ngy?
b. Khon phi thu trung b.nh l bao nhiu?
c. iu g. s xy ra vi phn u t trung b.nh vo cc khon phi thu nu
Delano cng rn
hn trong chnh sch thu hi vi kt qu l tt c cc khch hng khng hng
chit khu
phi tr tin sau 30 ngy?
Bi 19-2
Swink Technology ang nh thay i chnh sch tn dng t 2/15, net 30, sang
3/10, net
30, nhm tng tc thu hi. Hin ti 40% khch hng ca cng ty nhn 2%
chit khu. Theo
chnh sch tn dng mi s khch hng nhn chit khu c th tng ln 50%.
Bt k chnh sch
tn dng no, mt na khch hng khng nhn chit khu s tr ng thi hn,
s c.n li s tr
tr 10 ngy. S thay i ny khng dnh dng g. vi vic ni lng tiu chun
tn dng, v. vy n
b.
c.
e.
ck
ck
d.
CP
CKPT
Tn tht do n kh i :
Chnh sch tn dng c:
N kh i = 2%*2 000 000 = 40 000
Chnh sch tn dng mi:
N kh i = 2%*2 600 000 = 52 000
Phn li nhun tng thm
CPSX :
CS Tn dng c :
CS Tn dng mi:
Doanh thu
(-) CPchit khu
Doanh thu thun
(-) Bin ph
S d m ph
(-) nh ph
EBIT
(-) Li
EBT
Thu
2 000 000
16 000
1 984 000
1 500 000
484 000
a
484 000
a
Li
nhun thun
b
484 000
ab
40% (484
000 a
b)
193 600
0.4 a
0.4b
Tr
c
16 000
9 986.3
40 000
65 986.3
35 832.2
50 400
14 567.8
Sau
39 000
10 818.5
52 000
101 818.5
Sau
2 600 000
39 000
2 561 000
1 950 000
611 000
a
611 000
a
B
611 000
ab
40% (611
000 a
b)
244 000
0.4a
0.4b