First Steps on

Virtual ATC
(Greek)
By
Emmanuel Stefanakis

................................................................................................................3
..........................................................................................................3
1

1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4

...............................................................................................................4
....................................................................................................4
...............................................................................4
Inbound Outbound...........................................................................................5

2

2.1 ...............................................................................................................6
2.2 IFR ..............................................................................................6
2.2.1 (SID) ............................................................................................6
2.2.2 (En-Route)........................................................................................7
2.2.3 (STAR) ..................................................................................................7
2.2.4 .....................................................................................................8
2.2.5 (Missed Approach) .......................................................9
2.2.6 ...........................................................................................9
2.3 VFR .............................................................................................10
3

3.1 ...............................................................................................................10
3.2 ...........................................11
3.3 .............................................11
3.3.1 FIR ................................................................................................................11
3.3.2 TMA...............................................................................................................13
3.3.3 (Departure Approach) ........................................................14
3.3.4 F.I.R ...........................................................................................14
3.4 ... ..........................................................................................................15
4

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7

..............................................................................................................16
...........................................................................16
.........................................................................................16
.............................................................................................18
.........................................................................................................18
...................................................................20
..........................................................................................21

5
The Movie
5.1 ...............................................................................................................23
5.2 Radar .........................................................................................23
5.3 Radar (Vectoring) ...................................................................23
.............................................................................................................24
.......................................................................................36



, ,

virtual .
,
.
.
;-)

...

( real .
. (...) .. ),
... .

...

 1
-
1.1

, - .

. , ,
.

1.2

2 . IFR
(Instrument Flying Rules) & VFR (Visual Flying Rules)
.
1

() ,
. 100% ,
, , (landmarks)
, .
2
.
.
(landmarks)
.
1
. VFR
.

1.3

,
.
FIX Intersections .
, .

.
, VOR (Very High Frequency OmniRange) NDB (Non Directional Beacons).
(ILS- Instrument Landing System) .
VOR VOR NDB
DME (Distance Measuring Equipment) , ,
.
(
intersections fixes fix points 5
.
VOR/DME
, .
.
( 1) VOR RDS (), SIT (), NDB
KRC () intersections LOKNA, LIRNO UG80. O
UG80 VOR RDS NDB KRC
VOR SIT. To UIRNO Intersection UG80.

 IFR
.

Radar , ASRC.
.
(. 1)

1.4

Inbound Outbound

RDS KRC ,
.
outbound RDS inbound KRC. T ;
RDS VOR. VOR 360
, . radials.
5

 VOR 360 (radials).

.
outbound radial.
inbound radial. UG80 218 RDS KRC.
, 218 outbound radial 218 RDS inbound
radial 038 KRC. 038 inbound radial 218
RDS Outbound radial 038 KRC ( Radial . 218, .
218 FROM, 038 TO) 218.
outbound
() radial VOR inbound radial . inbound
outbound, IFR.

2

2.1

.
(Lateral)
(Vertical).

, , .
.

2.2 IFR
IFR . :
(SID) (en-route) (STAR Standard Arrival)
(Approach), (MISSED
APPROACH).
SID
en-route , STAR
.
,
.
.

2.2.1 (SID)
SID (Standard Instruments Departure)
. ,
(
) 1 route
. SIT
VOR UG80.
SID RDS ( 1 )
UG80. (. 2) .

 Jeppesen www.hvacc.org
(. 2)
,

IFR 1
route.

2.2.2 (En-Route)
H (en-route)
.
.
en-route.
RDS VOR SID (.2).
route (.1) UG80 KRC UG80
SIT. .
SIT VOR route (STAR)
.

2.2.3 (STAR)
STAR (Standard Instrument Arrival)
en-route
.
STAR
.
, STAR
SID .
3 STAR SIT
VOR GONSO .
.
7

(. 3)

2.2.4

, ,
(SID).
,
. STAR
. 2

. (.4) ,
.

(.4)
VOR (IRA VOR) outbound R-055
Inbound R-092 ( 272), .
STAR IRA VOR.
GONSO
14DME ( IRA)
. radial 083 radial 092 (track
272) inbound.

( )
.
.
.

2.2.5

Missed Approach (A )

,
. (.4)
. , ,
.
.

2.2.6

,
IFR.
, .
,
, 2
Flight simmers. site HvACC .
9

2.3

VFR

VFR FIC (Flight Information

Center). To FIC
, .., VFR
.
VFR .

.
- VFR ( ).

. ,
.
-
,
Jeppesen.
-
( )
.
- 3000 , ( 1000 )
FL200 (~20.000 ) , +500
+500 . IFR .
FL200 VFR .

3

.
3.1

(IFR)
.
.
2
, , ,
, ..
E , ,
,
.
virtual radar ( ASRC).

radar.


.

.
IFR
,
.
, (SID) route
STAR.
.
( -,

10

 ).
.

3.2

:
Delivery Station: O
pushback ( . )
.
.
Ground Station: O
parking positions, run-up.
- -.

.
.
.
Tower Station: .
.
( ) .


. ,

, .
,
SID.
, ground
parking position.
VATSIM , .
LGAV_GND Ground LGTS_TWR .

3.3

(7)
1 (A, B, C, D,
E, F, G). FIR.
.

.

. class A G ,
4 .

3.3.1 FIR
O HELENIC F.I.R. (FIR= Flight Information Region)

(.5)
o
FIR. cross FIR (

11

 )
( .)

.

. (FIR)
.
TMA (Terminal Maneuvering Airspace).
FIR 3, 4
,
.

(.5)

12

3.3.2

( Terminal Maneuvering Areas)

.
. TMA FL200
(~20000ft),
/ FIR .
.5 TMA
.
.
( )
. .
(.6) (TMA)
.
,
, .
,
, (3.2).


FIR.
,

, (3.2).
(

(.6)

13

3.3.3

(Departure Approach)

(
).
. ,
, .
(SID)
(STAR) (ARRIVAL).
Departure station: ,
(3.2) .
, .
,
.
Approach station:
, .

( 5-6
(3.2)
.
: (2.2.1, 2.2.3, 2.2.4)

(SID STAR ).
,
.
.

3.3.4

FIR

FIR
control (CTR VATSIM, .
LGGG_CTR control A). FIR
. (hand off)
.

, cross
FIR ( FIR
) ().
FIR FIR
(FIR overflies).
(.7) FIR
.

14

(.7)
Makedonia Control (LGMD_CTR)
Athens Control West (LGGG_WEST)
Athens Control South (LGGG_SOUTH)
Athens Control East (LGGG_EAST)
, , on-line LGGG_CTR Athens Control
Athens FIR.

3.4

...

:
Delivery --> Ground --> Tower --> Departure -> Control (1 ) --> Approach -> Tower --> Ground.

, .
15

 4

4.1

, ,
.
. on-line ,

( chat).
.

4.2

H ,
. . ,
.
.
,
.
, :
.
,
. ,

. , ,
.
.
.
.
nine ( 9) .

.
, .
, ,

. read back. .

4.3

( )
(. & ).
(. )
. ,
, .
( 1) .
.
.

.
SX,
SX-ABC.

,
16

 . ,
S-I-T, VOR (1.3).
, ,
, .

ALPHA

BRAVO

CHARLIE

DELTA

ECHO

FOXTROT

GOLF

HOTEL

INDIA

JULIET

KILO

LIMA

MIKE

NOVEMBER

OSKAR

PAPA

QUEBEC

ROMEO

SIERRA

TANGO

UNIFORM

VICTOR

WHISKEY

X-RAY

YANKIE

ZULU
( 1)
17

4.4

,
( 2). bold .
(
).

Wun

Too

Tree

Fow-er

Fife

Six

Sev-en

Ait

Nin-er

Ze-ro

Day-see-mal

Hun-dred

Taousand
( 2)

: (four)
Fower For () .
to
Two ().
(Nine) Niner
Nain ().

4.5

( )
, :
.
(VOR, ADF, ILS,
TACAN), (QNH),
(CAVOK) ... 3
. .

18

VOR

VHF

QNH

ILS

UHF

QFE

TACAN

HF

QNE

NDB

SELCAL

CAVOK

MLS

VMC

GPS

IMC

DF

( 3)

.

,
: :
1.
2.
3. transponder
4.
5.
6. .
7.
8.
,
. , VHF
channel spacing 25 hz.
4.

1700 UTC

Wun seven zero zero

(QNH)
Transponder codes

1000 Hpa

Wun zero zero zero

4521

Fower fife too wun

100

wun zero zero

HAF 356A
124.25
100 / 10
knots
20L

( 4)

19

Hellenic Air Force tree

fife six alpha
Wun too fower
dayseemal too fife
Wun zero zero degrees
wun zero knots
Runway too zero left

4.6

,
.
5 . .

Abort

(
)


/

Go ahead

Descend
Destination

Disregard
Expedite
Final

(
)

Acknowledge
Active
Aerodrome in sight
Affirmative
Call sign
Altitude
Approach
Approve
Apron
Are you familiar with?
Available
Backtrack

Airspace

(

)

On course

/

...;

Intersection
Gusting

radial...

Heading

Hold
Inbound

Go around

()

Establish radial

Climb

Own navigation

Clearance

Maintain

Cleared for take off

Missed approach

Cleared to land
Cleared via flight
planned route
Cleared visual
approach
Cancel

Negative

,
(
)

Outbound

, ,

Own discretion

Line up

20

Code
Communication
Comply

Report
Vacate
Radar contact

radar

Confirm

Radial

VOR.
360

Contact

Radio check

Correct

Readback

Correction

Reclear

Course
Cross

Cruise

Procedure
Resume
navigation
Traffic

Say again
Route
Runway
Runway in sight
Runway in use
Roger

Until further advised

Unable

Surface
Taxi
Track
Stand by
Visibility
Vectoring
Via
Pushback

own

(
radar)

( 5)

4.7

.

.
2.
, ,
, .

.
: ,
, . SX.ABC (4.3) (.
21

 537, ) ,
.
537 ,
(callsign
).


.
5
4.3, 4.4, 4.5.
(. 537) 240
:
9 Olympic Five Tree Seven, turn right heading two Fower zero.
[callsign]
[]
, .

(Five Tree Seven, two Fower zero ---> 2, heading ---> 5)

9 Olympic Five Tree Seven, hold over Kilo Echo Alpha(KEA) VOR
[callsign]

[]

,
.
(Five Tree Seven ---> 2, hold---> 5, Kilo Echo Alpha --->
1, VOR ( Victor Oscar Romeo) ---> 3).

, read back
. ,
, ,
.
9

Turning right heading two Fower zero, Olympic Five Tree Seven
[]
[callsign]

,

.
.
site HvACC
, 3
Flight simmers,
. ,
. !

22

 5
The Movie
5.1

,
.
,
(3.1)
, ,
.

5.2

Radar -

on-line
radar. .
.
, .
, , ,
.
1 2 ,
,
. ,
.

. (vectoring)
SID, ROUTE, STAR
(
intersection). , STAR vectors,
. 1
route SID.

5.3

(Vectoring) -

H .
.
( 3 1000ft )
.

radar.

.
,
.
.
2 ( 3)
. virtual
,
.
. ,
.
,
.
23

!

, .

.
.
.
.
.
ICAO
. 4
.
LG (. LGAV,
, LGSA, LGMK, LGSR )
.
.
,
. .
360.
,
~360. ~180.
18 & 36,
. 2 2
.
.

. 2
QNH. .
.
/
, ( )

. ()
290 36
.
36. .
36
,
.
(Mean Sea Level). , .

~450ft.
, ~450ft.
SID & STAR

.
METAR TAF
. online (METAR) :
LGSA 271020 33014 9999 29/17 Q1015
LGSA
ICAO

271020Z

(27

)
(10:20)

33014

(330)

(14Kts)

9999

24

29/17

Q1015

 METAR
Training Department VATSIM EUROPE,
.
,
. .
23000ft ( ) FL230 (FL=Flight Level). H
.
altimeter
site HvACC.
.
-SID-ROUTE-STAR .
SID & STAR .
ROUTE (VOR, NDBs
intersections . ,
, .
.
, Lower Airways
High Airways. FL245 .
,
,
.
:
9 Boeing 737-400
9 (callsign) OAL537 (lympic 537)
9 :LGSA ( 11/29) (,
)
9 : LGRP ( 07/25) (,
)
9 FL230 (~23.000ft)
apron ( ) LGSA 3.
, (3.1)
.
( SID & STAR)
LGSA-SUD-J65-SIT-G80-RDS-LGRP.
SUD, SIT, RDS VOR , . J65 & G80
. IRA
VOR & KRC NDB
. 8 .

25

(.8)

ground LGSA

.

Daskalogiannis Delivery, OAL537 stand 03, request start-up and IFR clearance to
Diagoras Rhodes.

OAL537, QNH 1008, start up is approved, stand by for clearance.

, ( )
.

. o.k.,
SID
. 270 13Knots.
To .8 o.k.
29 LGSA .
SID 9.

26

(.9)
SID ,
SID 29 ( 289)
IRA VOR . SID IRA 4A
. 4
squawk code. O
(transponder) radar.
.

OAL537, are you ready to copy ATC clearance?

Ready to copy clearance OAL537.

OAL537, you are cleared to destination LGRP, via IRA4A departure, flight plan
route, squawk 7201.

OAL537 is cleared destination LGRP, IRA4A departure, flight plan route, squawk
7201

OAL537 read back is correct, contact Ground on 121.70 for taxi.

Contact Ground on 121.70 OAL537

27

 delivery .
.
4
.
Ground.

Daskalogiannis Ground, OAL537 stand 03, ready to taxi.

OAL537, taxi via D,A to holding position RWY 29, , report ready for departure.

Taxi via D,A to holding position RWY 29, and report ready for departure, OAL537

O
.
. and Hold Short,
.
departure () take off ().


.

OAL537, contact Tower on 121.10

Contact Tower on 121.10 OAL537.

Daskalogiannis Tower OAL537 holding short RWY 29 ready for departure.

OAL537, you are cleared to line up and take off RWY 29, wind 270 13Kts

Cleared line up & Take off RWY 29, OAL537.

.
(line up)
(take off). take off.
departure.
.
line up and wait RWY 29.
,
(29) ( Ground),
(270/13). , read back .

, Departure.
28

OAL537, contact Departure on 122.10 good day

Will call Departure on 122.10, OAL537 good day

(Tower Departure)

. ...

Departure, OAL537 on IRA 4A passing 1700ft

OAL537, Radar contact passing 1700ft, continue as cleared, Climb and Maintain
Initially FL110.

Continue as cleared, climbing FL110, OAL537

O . .
, (Radar contact
passing 1700ft) radar
.
.
SID 110
(FL110).
read back .

Control .
.
.
Hand Over , IRA 4A, 5
SUD 9500ft, 10

29

(. 10)

OAL537, contact Athens Control on 129.80 good day

Will call Control on 129.80, OAL 537, good day

(Departure - Control)

. ...

Athens Control, OAL537

OAL537, Radar contact passing 9500ft, 5DME outbound SUD, Climb and Maintain
final FL230, proceed DIRECT KRC NDB.

Climbing FL230, DIRECT KRC, OAL537

.
flight plan .
, J65-IRA-J65-SIT
DIRECT KRC NDB. 11
30

 .
.
,
conflict.

(.11)

,
.

. ,
, .
KRC NDB flight plan.
H
. , .
.
.

.
.
(
).

OAL537, ready for descend

OAL537, descend and maintain FL110.

Descending FL110 OAL537

. Hand
Over. ,
.

31

OAL537, contact Diagoras Approach on 120.60 good day

M
M

Will contact Approach on 120.60, OAL 537, good day

Diagoras Approach, OAL537

OAL537, Radar contact FL110, 20DME inbound RDS.

(.. LGRP_APP).
.
190 23 30 (QNH) 1012.
25.

,
radar
( ) .

OAL537, descend and maintain 6000ft QNH 1012, expect vectors for ILS approach
rwy 25.

Descending 6000ft QNH 1012, vectors ILS 25, OAL537.

, . FL ft
ft.
( FL (
1013,2 )
(
1013,2 ).
2 .

( ).
. , (
), , .
.
ILS
25. vectors ILS
.
ILS
. VOR/DME (2.2.4) ,
inbound , ,
glide path .
,
, , .
.

. 12 ILS 25 .
248 radial 068
inbound ILS.
10~15 threshold (
) , 3000ft 20-30
localizer ( 248)

32

(.12)

, .

. ,
. ,
, (ILS VOR/DME) 10 3000ft,
20 30 .

.
.

.
conflict.
.
radar contact
13 RDS. ,
3000ft vectors
.

.
10 15
. .

33

(.13)

OAL537, turn right heading 080, descend and maintain 4000ft

Right heading 080 descending 4000ft, OAL537

OAL537, turn left heading 030,

34

Left heading 030, OAL537

OAL537, turn left heading 300, descend and maintain 3000ft

Left heading 300 descend 3000ft, OAL537

vector,
.

OAL537, turn left heading 270, cleared for the ILS Approach RWY 25, report
established on the localizer

Left heading 270 will report established localizer RWY 25, OAL537

, vectoring
. (270)
ILS ( )
. .
established localizer
! cleared for theapproach
vector ( ) ,
.

localizer 25 established OAL537

OAL537, continue approach, contact tower on 118.20

Continue Approach switching Tower 118.20, .

,
, (. LGRP_TWR),
.
(continue approach).
O
.

.

Diagoras Tower, OAL537 fully established ILS rwy 25

OAL537, you are cleared to land rwy 25 wind 190o 23knots gusting 30

Cleared to land RWY 25, OAL537

:
(localizer & glide path).

.
cleared to land,
. cleared to
land read back ( ).

35

 Ground
.

OAL537, vacate to the left, contact ground on 121.70

Vacating to the left, ground 121.70, OAL537

, .
Ground
, .

Diagoras Ground, OAL537 taxiway C.

OAL537, via C, F, to parking position 09

C, F parking position 09, OAL537

To ground

OAL537 parking 09,

OAL537, Good Day

.
.
,
, .
virtual 24 24
.
position,
. LGGG_CTR , FIR ,
LGAV_APP
. ground delivery, tower 2 ,
Approach departure .
.
.
,
, , .

...
,
. ,
.
36

 , ,
. ,
hobby ,
virtual .

. ,
. ,
, ,
, solo
.
,
!

...
,




.
,
, !

Emmanuel Stefanakis
HvACC Training Director
accgr2@hvacc.org
2006

37