11

i x, y y = f ( x ) f
x 0 y x x 0
f ' ( x 0 ) ( ).
Cf ( x 0 , f ( x o )) .

i f y x,
x , f ' ( x ) , x .

V =

4 3
r .
3

4
i V ( r ) = 3r 2 = 4r 2 .
3

i 2m V ' ( 2 ) = 4 2 2 = 16 m 2 .
i 3cm / s
: V ( t ) = 12r 2 ( t ) V ( t ) =

4
4 3( )
r t V ' ( t ) = 3r 2 ( t ) r ' ( t )
3
3

2
V ' ( t ) = 4r 2 ( t ) r ' ( t ) r ' ( t ) = 3cm / s , : V ' ( t ) = 12r ( t )

i ( t )
( t ) = x ' ( t ) x ( t ) .

i ( t )
(t ) = '(t ) .
,
.

170.
.

1.
.
2.
( ), .
3. .
4.
.

1. x 0

y = f ( x ) x 0 .

: ( f ' ( x 0 ) > 0 ) (. 1)
( f ' ( x 0 ) < 0 ) (. 2)

f ' ( x 0 ) = 0 (. 3)

.
x /sec x ' ( t ) = K ,
x /sec x ' ( t ) = K .
2. y x
y x.
3. f f.
f " ( x 0 ) < 0 f ' x 0
f x 0 .
f ( x ) = nx x > 0
f ' ( x ) =

f "( x ) =

1
> 0 . f .
x

1
< 0 . f ' .
x2

171.

1
13 m .
4m/sec

x = 5m
.

OA = x ( t ) , OB = y ( t ) x ' ( t ) = 4 m sec ( 0). y ' ( t 0 )

t 0 x ( t 0 ) = 5 .
x 2 ( t ) + y 2 ( t ) = 132 .
2x ( t ) x ' ( t ) + 2y ( t ) y ' ( t ) = 0 .
t 0 x ( t 0 ) x ' ( t 0 ) + y ( t 0 ) y ' ( t 0 ) = 0 (1). x ( t 0 ) = 5 x 2 ( t 0 ) + y 2 ( t 0 ) = 132 y ( t 0 ) = 169 25 y ( t 0 ) = 12 m.
5
(1) 5 4 + 12y ( t 0 ) = 0 y ( t 0 ) = m sec .
3

1 3
x . x R
27
.

x ( t ) , y ( t ) -

y =

1 3
1 3
x (t ) .
x : y ( t ) =
27
27
:

1
1
1
( y ( t )) = 27 x 3 ( t ) y ( t ) = 27 3x 2 ( t ) x ( t ) y ( t ) = 9 x 2 ( t ) x ( t )

y =

(1)
y ( t ) x 2 ( t )
y ( t )
=
( t ) > y ( t )
x
1
<

(1)
(
).

x
t
0

(
)
x (t )
9
x (t )

x2 (t )
9

< 1 x 2 ( t ) < 9 x 2 ( t ) 9 < 0 ( x ( t ) 3) ( x ( t ) + 3) < 0 3 < x ( t ) < 3

3 < x < 3
.

172.
3
. 80 Km h
60 m/h.

8 km 6 Km.

OA = x ( t ) ,

OB = y ( t )

AB = s ( t )

x ' ( t ) = 80 Km h ( x ) y ' ( t ) = 60 m h ( y ). x 2 ( t ) + y 2 ( t ) = s 2 ( t ) .
2x ( t ) x ' ( t ) + 2y ( t ) y ' ( t ) = 2s ( t ) s ' ( t ) .
t 0 : 2x ( t 0 ) x ' ( t 0 ) + 2y ( t 0 ) y ' ( t 0 ) = 2s ( t 0 ) s ' ( t 0 ) (1)
s ( t 0 ) = 82 + 6 2 = 10 .

(1) : 8 80 + 6 ( 60 ) = 10 s ' ( t 0 ) s ' ( t 0 ) = 28 Km h

4
()
2 km
500 km h .
8 km.

A = s ( t ) , = x ( t ) , x ' ( t ) = 500 km h , AK = 2 Km .
2
2x ' ( t )
1

(1).
'(t ) = 2
2
(
)
(
)
x t
x (t )
( t )
8
8
8
.
t 0 x ( t 0 ) = 8 ( ( t 0 )) =
=
=
s (t0 )
64 + 4
68

[ ( t )] =

(1) ( t 0 ) =

2x ( t 0 )
2 ( 500 ) 8 2 103
2

t
rad / sec .

(
)
( 0 )
=
68
x2 (t0 )
82
68

5
10
. ,
, = 600 .

= x . x = 2 , :
dx d ( 2 ) d
d
=
= 2
dt
d
dt
dt

173.

!
10 .
d
= 1 ,

dt

rad , .
rad / sec / sec.
10
.

dx
rad , :
180
dt

= 260
t = t0

m / sec =
m / sec .
180
180

1. . :
i.
ii. =

6.

(.: i. E ( ) =

3 2
, ii. ' ( 6 ) = 2 2 )
3

2. x, y. 4 m / sec

5 m / sec . ,
t, t 0 , x = 30cm y = 40cm .

( . : 3,1m 2

sec )

3. =12 cm.
3m / sec . t 0 8 cm :
.
. .
4. . , :
() + () = 20 m.
t 0

5 m / sec () = 4 cm.
: i.
ii. .
5. () 400 m ().
5 m / sec .

= t 0
500 m ,
.

174.

6.
. :
= 5 t 2 , cm t sec.
t = 2sec .

( : V = 4 r 3 ).
3

( . : 16 cm 3 s )

7. 1,70 m

2 m / sec 3 m .
.

( . : 2,6 m sec )
8.
10 cm2 .
5 m 2 / sec .

t 0 30 cm2 .
9. ( x ) , ( x ) x
2
: ( x ) = x 3 + 25x 2 300x + 500 ( x ) = 300x 300
3
. ;

10. t :

x ( t ) = t 3 2t 2 + 7t 3 , 0 t 8
i. .
ii. 6 sec;
.

x > 1 A ( x 1, 0 ) B ( 0, nx ) .
cm
, :
sec
. (), x = 2 cm .
. ( ) .
: n2 0, 7 1, 49 1, 22

x 3