SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Page Why choose spiral staircases Standard staircase Right / left turning staircase Protective cage Weland detail standards Indoor staircases Special staircases Helical staircases Custom design Delivery Site fixing How to order 56 - 57 58 58 58 60 - 61 64 - 66 67 67 68 68 68 69

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WHY CHOOSE A SPIRAL STAIRCASE?

A spiral staircase is, in the vast majority of cases a very practical solution of a staircase problem. Below we show a comparison between a spiral staircase and a straight staircase so as to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the two types.

1000

H=3000

4570

1800

50

Space saving
Consider a staircase with a height of 3 meters which goes from an exit door down to ground level. Straight staircase, width 900 mm. At the up-permost level a standard landing of 1000 mm is required. A staircase allowing a correct posture for climbing of 40, needs an overhan of 3.57 m + the landing of 1 m = 4.57 meters. A Spiral staircase with a radius of 900 mm. At the uppermost level a landing sized 950 x 950 mm. The spiral staircase is position ed with a center 950 mm from the wall and as such requires a well space of . 1900 mm.

Architecturally pleasing
Straight staircases are in many cases, regarded as heavy, clumsy and dominating in the erected position. Spiral staircases are considerably more slender and are not dominating in the same way. In many cases they melt in with surrounding environment as a part of the facade.

Escape/Rescue
Since spiral staircases are comfortable to descend an evacuation can be carried out quickly. Even rescue on a stretcher can be conducted comfortable.

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Secure
If when descending a high straight staircase, a person looses balance, he or she will fall forward.... in this situation there is nothing to grap hold of, or anything to prevent the fall. If a person looses balance on a spiral staircase and falls forward, the fall will be directed against the bannisters which will check it, giving the person a chance to grap a railing or the center post.

Easy to assemble
Spiral staircase consists of easily handled parts which are screwed together. The only tools needed are a drill, a spanner (either fixed or ratchet) and a socket head. Please note, that no welding is necessary during assebly. Clear assembly instructions are included with every delivery.

Straight staircase seen from above

Spiral staircase seen from above

Flexible
As a rule the space for a staircase is limited and step on/step off points are stated. This means that straight staircases can be very steep or alternate in several flights which in turn means that they can be complex and expansive. Spiral staircases need the same small base area irrespective of how high they are. They can be manufactured either left or right turning and have different number of steps per revolution. This means that in the main an efficient staircase can be achieved.

Lighter design
A straight staircase of several flights needs a comprehensive construction to be able to support the landings. A spiral staircase on the other hand normally demands no extra load carrying framing, as long as the landings are not excessively large.

Can be constructed to great height

Straight staircases can be very complicated. Spiral staircases can be built very high, without any extra supports, assuming that bracing can be carried out against the wall. Bracing can be achieved either by stepping off landings or special support angles constructed every revolution. If there is no adjacent wall, bracing can be carried out with longitudinal support legs positioned outside the staircase diameter. 57

Standard Staircases
When designing the layout of a spiral staircase consideration must be given to the staircase radius, the stair tread height and the number of stair treads per revolution. The table on the right and the figures below depict Welands standard dimension principles.

Radius Steps/rev
600/14 600/15 600/16 700/14 700/15 700/16 700/18 800/15 800/16 800/18 800/20 900/15 900/16 900/18 900/20 900/22 900/24 1000/15 1000/16 1000/18 1000/20 1000/22 1000/24 1100/16 1100/18 1100/20 1100/22 1100/24 1200/16 1200/18 1200/20 1200/22 1200/24 1300/18 1300/20 1300/22 1300/24 1400/18 1400/20 1400/22 1400/24 1400/26 1500/22 1500/24 1500/26 1500/28

Tread depth at walking line

156 146 137 200 187 176 156 229 215 191 172 270 254 226 203 185 170 312 293 260 235 213 196 332 295 266 242 222 371 330 297 270 248 365 329 299 274 399 360 327 300 277 356 326 301 280

Suitable step height

190-220 190-220 190-220 190-215 190-220 190-220 190-220 175-210 180-210 190-220 190-220 175-190 175-200 175-200 180-210 180-210 190-220 175-190 165-185 170-200 175-200 180-210 180-210 165-180 165-180 165-190 170-200 170-200 165-190 155-190 155-190 160-200 170-210 155-180 155-180 155-190 155-200 150-180 150-180 155-190 155-190 155-200 150-180 150-180 155-190 155-200

14 Steps/ Revolution

15 Steps/ Revolution

16 Steps/ Revolution

18 Steps/ Revolution

20 Steps/ Revolution

22 Steps/ Revolution

24 Steps/ Revolution

26 Steps/ Revolution

Right/left turning
Weland spiral staircases are manufactured either right or left turning according to customers requirements. We define a right turning staircase as one that turns to the right when climbing.

* Tread depth is calculated in a considered walk line 250 mm from the periphery.

250

Right turning

Left turning

Protective cage
So as to prevent unauthorized persons from entering a spiral staircase we can offer as an option a cage built in at the lowest level. The cage is opened with a key from the outside and without a key from the inside. 58

Escape staircase with protective cage, balustrade with intermediate rail.

Spiral staircase mounted on supporting bracket. To the right, a spiral staircase with landings on both sides of the central newel post. Note! that the bracing is positioned between ground level and the first floor. 59

WELAND STANDARD
Railing loading Railing height Child safety

0,8 kN/m varies to suit 1100 mm max. 100 mm

max. 100 mm By child safety we mean that no opening within the staircase is allowed to be larger than 100 mm under 800 mm railing height.

The hand rail is designed to withstand a load of 0.8 kN/m of rail.

The railing height is 1100 mm from the forward edge of the step. Extra handrails can be supplied at optional height.

Hand rail dimensions

Stair tread loading

4,0 kN/m2

Clearance to wall
50 mm

42 mm

3,0 kN
100 100

Our standard rail has a .42 mm.

The steps are designed for a distributed load of 4,0 kN/m2 or spot load (100 x 100 mm) of 3.0 kN.

The spiral staircase outer circumference must be at least 50 mm from the wall.

Hand rail joint

Headroom

Step height

Head height min. 2000

Weland hand rails of tube are joined with the help of an inner connector.

The headroom under the rear edge of the landing must be at least 2000 mm.

The step height should be sized between 160 and 220 mm according to the formula 2hxB= 580-640.

Inner Handrail
extra handrail

Fixing of the base plate

Fixing of landings

inside handrail

Weland spiral staircases can be supplemented with inner hand rails fitted to the newel post and extra hand rails on the balusters.

Expansion bolts included in the delivery are only to be used with concrete.

Expansion bolts included in the delivery are only to be used with concrete.

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R + 50 mm

WELAND STANDARD
Platforms
Stair Radius + 50 mm Stair Radius + 50 mm

Platforms

Platforms

100 mm Standard square platforms for corners or stair well. 90 Platform with a radius suitable for fixing to circular stair wells. Tread Platform for fixing to an existing stair well edge.

Balustrading

Balustrading

Balustrading

Grating infill panels

Tubular infill panels

Childproof railing with balusters

Balustrading

Balustrading

Balustrading

Toughened glass

1, 2, 3 or 4 intermediate rails

Without knee rails

Staying/bracing

Type approval with Swedish Fire Class R30

Hot Dip Galvanizing

The spiral staircase must be braced every revolution, with either a landing or with special stays. Expansion bolts included in the delivery are only to be used with concrete.

Welands spiral staircases are approved in compliance with fire class R 30.

Weland spiral staircases are as standard hot dip galvanized in accordance with EN 1461.

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A spiral staircase designed as lobby staircase is attractive, safe simple, comfortable and space saving.

Spiral staircases can be constructed very high without supporting structure.

Spiral staircases with a radius larger than 1200 mm are fitted with double flatbar stringers on the outside of the step. Please note the inside handrail and the extra handrail. 62

Outdoor spiral staircases can be finished painted in desired colours in addition to hot-dip galvanizing. This makes for decorative staircases with the best possible rust protection.

Spiral staircases blend in well in their surroundings.

An indoors staircase with treads covered with ceramic tiles. Balustrade childsafe with balusters of rounds on 100 mm c/c and extra handrail. Inside handrail on the newel post. Balustrade on landing corresponding to staircase.

To the right a spiral staircase elegantly connecting roof terrace and garden. 63

Weland indoor staircases

The Weland design can be produced in materials other than steel. Below we show a few different examples of tread material. We can complement the tread material with different handrail materials. Please call if you have special requirements for these materials or for materials not shown here.

Grating

Chequer Plate

Plate with Carpet

Oak (Other wood types available)

Concrete

Marble (Other stone types available)

Terrazzo (concrete)

Ceramic tile

Weland spiral staircase standard handrail is made from steel tube 42 mm dia. Brass & stainless tube is also available. Steel flat bar and wood handrails in different types on special order.

Tube
Steel tube 42 mm dia. with choice of surface finish. Brass or Stainless steel. 64

Round wood
Round handrail of solid wood. A choice of wood types are available.

Rectangular wood
Rectangular handrail of wood laminate or solid wood.

EXAMPLES OF INTERIOR DOMESTIC STAIRCASES

Treads of marble and handrailing of 42 mm diameter tube. The staircase has an extra handrail on the balusters and an inner handrail on the newel post. The handrailing is of treated brass and all other components are paint finish.

Staircase with concrete treads and handrailing of 42 mm diameter tube. The handrail has two extra Knee Rails. All steel parts are paint finish. For exterior use the steel component parts are hot dip galvanized and painted.

The Staircase has treads of solid Beech. Rectangular wood handrail. All steel components are paint finish.

Treads of solid Oak. Circular wood handrails of solid Oak. The handrailing has hardened glass infill panels and all steel component parts are paint finish. 65

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SPECIAL SPIRAL STAIRCASES

Spiral staircases and Combi staircases can be manufactured with treads or stringers that follow the wall profile. Treads, handrailing and surface finish the same as other spiral staircases. These staircases can also be manufactured with more than one newel post.

Helical staircases with stringers are available on special order with treads and handrailing in the same styles and combination, as spiral staircases. The staircases can be free standing or follow the inside or the outside of the silo. Radius, treads width and other data are according to customer requirements. 67

DESIGN
Our design office is at your service to help with dimensioning, drawing and designing your spiral staircase. Fill in the ordering information on page 69 or send us your building drawings and we will ensure that you get a correctly functioning spiral staircase.

Every spiral staircase is individually drawn and the drawing is sent to the customer for approval before manufacturing commences.

DELIVERY
All components are delivered in one wooden crate. This provides extra security for both us and our customers. When the crate arrives at its destination undamaged, we then know the contents are sound, and the fitter can carry out his delivery check with the enclosed packing list.

SITE FIXING
Site fixing is carried out using hand tools. Detailed fixing instructions are included with every delivery. A Weland spiral staircase can also be assembled on the ground and lifted into place where necessary.

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ORDERING INFORMATION
Example
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K Grating Durbar plate Steel plate with carpet Wood K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K Grating Durbar plate Steel plate with carpet Wood

Stair tread materials

Hand rails

Steel tube .42 mm Tube Rounded wood Rectangular wood Flat bar Not child safety Child safety trellis panel Curved tubes Toughened glass

Steel tube .42 mm Tube Rounded wood Rectangular wood Flat bar Not child safety Child safety trellis panel Curved tubes Toughened glass

Balustrade panels

Surface finish The staircase radius

Radius 600, 700, 800.....1500 mm Radius 900 for fire escapes and in-door staircases. Radius 1200 for assembly halls holding 150 people.

K Hot dip galvanized K Primer painted K Painted finish K

K Hot dip galvanized K Primer painted K Painted finish K

R=

R=

For each floor state the following: Storey height floor to floor Lower level
Walls, doors, windows. Positions with measurements. Staircase well size. Doors marked with sizes and opening angles.
9

H=
12

H=
12

Upper level
Walls, doors and windows. Positions with measurements. Staircase well size. Doors to be marked with size and opening angles.
9

12

12

12

12

Stair well railing

Leave the design of the staircase to Weland. If we receive the above information you will receive a correctly functioning staircase.

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