THE CELLS ORGANELLES

Aim: What are the structures and functions of the

cells organelles?
ORGANELLES
Specialized structures that perform important
cellular functions
little organs
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS FUNCTION
Controls most cell processes
Contains genetic information of DNA
NUCLEUS STRUCTURE
Within the nucleus is chromatin (strands of DNA)
When condensed chromosomes
Dense region inside = Nucleolus
Double membrane around nucleus=Nuclear membrane

RIBOSOMES
Make proteins
Produce proteins according to Nucleus orders
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Internal membrane
Makes cell membrane; modifies protein
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Makes/modifies proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
makes cell membrane


GOLGI APPARATUS
GOLGI APPARATUS
Modifies proteins; attaches carbs, lipids to proteins
Sent to final destination after Golgi
LYSOSOMES
LYSOSOMES
Filled with enzymes
Break down lipids, carbs, and proteins
Can use product for rest of cell
VACUOLES
VACUOLE
Store water, salts, proteins, and carbs
Plant cells have central vacuole
Pressure from water keep sit rigid; animal cells have it too

CHLOROPLASTS (NOTE: CONTAIN OWN DNA)
CHLOROPLASTS (NOTE: CONTAIN OWN DNA)
Use energy from sunlight to make food molecules
The sites of photosynthesis; only in PLANTS
MITOCHONDRIA (CONTAIN OWN DNA)
MITOCHONDRIA (NOTE: CONTAIN OWN DNA)
Release energy from stored food molecules
Use energy for growth, development, movement
THINK OF THE CELLS AS A FACTORY
QUESTION
Which structure includes all of the others?
nucleolus
nucleus
chromosomes
genes

QUESTION
Which diagram represents an organelle that contains the enzymes needed to synthesize ATP in the presence of oxygen?



Which structure is responsible for making the energy the cell can use?