Datos: Desplazamiento Inicial: Velocidad Inicial:: x0 3mm xp0 0 M S 9 1 S

TP N3: VIBRACIONES GEREZ
U.T.N. F.R.G.P. ANLISIS ESTRUCTURAL III CURSO: 61

a

Pgina 2 de 24 AO: 2014

V11. Sistema de un grado de libertad: Vibraciones libres

Datos:
Desplazamiento inicial: x0 3mm := Velocidad inicial: xp0 0
m
s
:=
Frecuencia
natural:
n
9
1
s
:=
Frecuencia
perturbadora:
16
1
s
:= Amplitud de fuerza: P
0
2N :=
Masa: M 3kg :=

Clculos
:
T
n
2
n
:= T
n
0.698 s = T
2
:= T 0.393 s =
Caso 1: 1.5 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
10.062i
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 2.5 T
n
.. :=
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
0
1
2
3
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

a

Caso 2: 1.0001 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
0.127i
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 2.5 T
n
.. :=
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
0
1
2
3
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

Caso 3: 0.9 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
3.923
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 2.5 T
n
.. :=
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
1
0
1
2
3
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

a

Caso 4: 0.1 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
8.955
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 5 T
n
.. :=
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5
4
2
0
2
4
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

Caso 5: 0.01 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
9
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 50 T
n
.. :=
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
4
2
0
2
4
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

a

Caso 6: 0.0001 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
9
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 50 T
n
.. :=
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
4
2
0
2
4
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

Caso 7: 0.01 :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
9
1
s
=
x
H
t ( ) exp
n
t
( )
x0 cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
xp0
1
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
(
(
:=
t 0
T
n
100
, 50 T
n
.. :=
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
100
50
0
50
100
x
H
t ( )
mm
t
s

a


V14. Sistema de un grado de libertad: Solicitacin armnica, solucin general

Datos: P
0
45kN := M 3000kg := 0.05 :=
20
1
s
:=
n
12
1
s
:= x
0
0.02m := x
p0
2
m
s
:=
Clculos:
D
n
2
|
\
|
2
2
n

( )
2
+ := D 6.611 10
4
1
s
4
=
s
1
2

n
:=
s
11.985
1
s
= T
2
:= T 0.314s =
A x
0
2
n

D
P
0
M
+ := A 0.025m =
B
1
s
x
p0
A
n
+
n
2
D
P
0
M

|
\
|
|
:= B 0.265m =

x t ( ) e

n
t
A cos
s
t
( )
B sin
s
t
( )
+
( )
P
0
M
n
2
D
sin t ( )
2
n

D
cos t ( )
|
\
|
|
+
... := x 0 ( ) 0.02m =
x
p
t ( )
t
x t ( )
d
d
:=
x
p
0 ( ) 2
m
s
=
t 0
T
100
, 30 T .. :=
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
x t ( )
t

a


V15. Oscilador simple: Fuerza sbita

M 1500kg := k 500
kN
m
:= 0.015 := P
0
3kN :=
X
0
P
0
k
:= X
0
6 mm =
n
k
M
:=
n
18.257
1
s
=
c 2 k M := c 0.822
kN s
m
=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
18.255
1
s
=
x t ( )
P
0
k
1 exp
n
t
( )
cos
s
t
( )

n
s
sin
s
t
( )
+
|
\
|
|
(
(
:=
t 0 s 0.01 s , 10 s .. :=

0 2 4 6 8 10
0
5
10
15
x t ( )
mm
X
0
mm
t
s

x
p
t ( )
P
0

s
k
1

n
s
|
\
|
|
2
+
(
(
(
exp
n
t
( )
sin
s
t
( )
:=
P
T
t ( ) k x t ( ) c x
p
t ( ) + :=

a

0 2 4 6 8 10
0
2
4
6
P
T
t ( )
kN
P
0
kN
t
s

t 0 s 0.01 s , 0.5 s .. :=

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
0
2
4
6
5.863
0
P
.T
t ( )
kN
P
.0
kN
0.5 0 t
s

t 0.18 s := Dado 0 t 0.3 s
t
r
Maximize P
T
t ,
( )
:= t
r
0.17s =
P
Tr
P
T
t
r
( )
:= P
Tr
5.863 kN =
Coeficiente de impacto:
P
Tr
P
0
:= 1.954 =

a


V16. Oscilador simple: Fuerza impulsiva

M 1500kg := k 500
kN
m
:= 0.015 := M
1
70kg := h 40cm :=
1m
2 g h :=
1m
2.801
m
s
= X
0
M
1
g
k
:= X
0
1.373 mm =
Choque elstico:
n
k
M
:=
n
18.257
1
s
=
c 2 k M := c 0.822
kN s
m
=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
18.255
1
s
=

x t x
p0
,
( )
x
p0
s
exp
n
t
( )
sin
s
t
( )
:=
x
p
t x
p0
,
( )
x
p0
s
exp
n
t
( )

s
cos
s
t
( )

n
sin
s
t
( )

( )
:=
P
T
t x
p0
,
( )
k x t x
p0
,
( )
c x
p
t x
p0
,
( )
+ :=
x
p0
2
1
M
M
1
+
1m
:= x
p0
0.25
m
s
= J M x
p0
:= J 0.375 kN s =

t 0 s 0.01 s , 10 s .. :=
0 2 4 6 8 10
20
10
0
10
20
x t x
p0
,
( )
mm
t
s

a

Pgina 10 de 24 AO: 2014
0 2 4 6 8 10
10
5
0
5
10
P
T
t x
p0
,
( )
kN
t
s

Choque plstico:
n
k
M M
1
+
:=
n
17.846
1
s
=
c 2 k M M
1
+
( )
:= c 0.841
kN s
m
=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
17.844
1
s
=
x t x
p0
,
( )
x
p0
s
exp
n
t
( )
sin
s
t
( )
:=
x
p
t x
p0
,
( )
x
p0
s
exp
n
t
( )

s
cos
s
t
( )

n
sin
s
t
( )

( )
:=
P
T
t x
p0
,
( )
k x t x
p0
,
( )
c x
p
t x
p0
,
( )
+ :=
x
p0
1
1
M
M
1
+
1m
:= x
p0
0.125
m
s
= J M x
p0
:= J 0.187 kN s =

0 2 4 6 8 10
10
5
0
5
10
x t x
p0
,
( )
mm
t
s

a

Pgina 11 de 24 AO: 2014

0 2 4 6 8 10
4
2
0
2
4
P
T
t x
p0
,
( )
kN
t
s

V17. Integral de Duhamel

n
9
1
s
:= 0.035 := M 3kg :=
s

n
1
2
:=
s
8.994
1
s
=
T
n
2
n
:= T
n
0.698 s = k
n
2
M := k 243
N
m
=
h
p
t ( )
s
k
1

n
s
|
\
|
|
2
+
(
(
(
exp
n
t
( )
sin
n
t
( )
:= t
1
0.5 s := P
1
2N :=
P t ( ) if t t
1
P
1
t
1
t , 0 ,
|
\
|
|
:=
P
1
k
8.23 mm =
t 0 s 0.01 s , 5 s .. :=
0 1 2 3 4 5
0
1
2
P t ( )
N
t
s

x t ( )
0
t
h
p
t ( ) P ( )
d :=

a

Pgina 12 de 24 AO: 2014
0 1 2 3 4 5
10
5
0
5
10
x t ( )
mm
t
s

Aproximacin: como fuerza impulsiva
J
0
t
1
t P t ( )
d := J 0.5
m kg
s
= J 0.5 N s =
x
p0
J
M
:= x
p0
0.167
m
s
=
x
a
t ( )
x
p0
s
exp
n
t
( )
sin
s
t
( )
:=

0 1 2 3 4 5
20
10
0
10
20
x t ( )
mm
x
a
t ( )
mm
t
s

a

Pgina 13 de 24 AO: 2014

V18. Sistema de un grado de libertad: Solucin numrica

Unidades bsicas: kN, Mg, m y s.
Masa: m 40 :=
Factor de amortiguamiento: 0.01 :=
Rigidez: k 267800 :=
Frecuencia natural angular:
n
k
m
:=
n
81.823 =
Frecuencia natural: f
n
n
2
:= f
n
13.023 =
Perodo natural: T
n
1
f
n
:= T
n
0.077 =
Solicitacin de impacto:
Masa: m
1
4.5 :=
Fuerza: P
1
m
1
9.8 := P
1
44.1 =
Duracin: t
1
0.063 := 0.2 :=
P t ( )
P
1
t
1
t 0 t ( ) t t
1
<
( )
if
P
1
t
1
t
( )
t 1 ( ) t
1
<
if
P
1
1
t 1 ( ) t
1

t
1
(
(
(
(
1 ( ) t
1
t
t t
1
<
( )
if
0 t
1
t if
:=
Tiempo final:
t
f
50 T
n
:= t
f
3.839 =

Solucin:
Dado
2
t
x t ( )
d
d
2
2
n
t
x t ( )
d
d
+
n
2
x t ( ) +
P t ( )
m
=
x 0 ( ) 0 = x' 0 ( ) 0 =
x Odesolve t t
f
, 500 ,
( )
:=
t 0
T
n
50
, t
f
.. :=

a

Pgina 14 de 24 AO: 2014
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4
3.5 10
4
1.75 10
4
0
1.75 10
4
3.5 10
4
x t ( )
t

t 0
T
n
50
,
t
f
20
.. :=
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2
3.5 10
4
1.75 10
4
0
1.75 10
4
3.5 10
4
x t ( )
t

Desplazamiento mximos:
t 0.04 :=
Dado:
0 t t
f
t
r
Maximize x t , ( ) := t
r
0.045 =
x
r
x t
r
( )
:= x
r
3.175 10
4
=
Fuerza transmitida:
c
c
2 k m := c
c
6.546 10
3
=

a

Pgina 15 de 24 AO: 2014

c c
c
:= c 65.458 =
P
T
t ( ) k x t ( ) c
t
x t ( )
d
d
+ :=
t 0
T
n
200
,
t
f
20
.. :=
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2
90
60
30
0
30
60
90
P t ( )
P
T
t ( )
t

Mxima fuerza:
t 0.04 :=
c 65.458 =
Dado:
0 t t
f
t
r
Maximize P
T
t ,
( )
:= t
r
0.045 =
P
Tr
P
T
t
r
( )
:= P
Tr
85.031 =
P
Tr
P
1
:= 1.928 =

a

Pgina 16 de 24 AO: 2014

V19. Frecuencia natural: Desplazamiento esttico

f
n

est
( )
1
2
g
est
:= f
n
1mm ( ) 15.761
1
s
= f
n
1000mm ( ) 0.498
1
s
=
est
0.001 mm 1 mm , 10000 mm .. :=
0.1 1 10 100 1 10
3
1 10
4
1
10
100
1 10
3
1 10
4
f
n

est
( )
rpm
est
mm

V20. Sistema de un grado de libertad: Carga de rotor excntrico

me 150kg mm := M 1600kg := K 600
kN
m
:= 0.03 := f 10
1
s
:=
n
K
M
:=
n
19.365
1
s
= f
n
n
2
:= f
n
3.082
1
s
=
X ( )
me
2
M
1
n
2
|
\
|
2
2
n

( )
2
+
sign
n

( )
:=
0
1
s
0.01
1
s
, 100
1
s
.. :=

a

Pgina 17 de 24 AO: 2014
0 20 40 60 80 100
2
1
0
1
2
X ( )
mm
2 f 62.832
1
s
= X 2 f ( ) 0.104 mm =

V21. Sistema de un grado de libertad con desplazamiento armnico del soporte

U 0.02mm := f 10
1
s
:= M 1600 kg := K 600
kN
m
:= 0.03 :=
n
K
M
:=
n
19.365
1
s
= f
n
n
2
:= f
n
3.082
1
s
=
Y ( ) U

2
n
2
|
\
|
2
sign
n

( )
:= X ( ) U Y ( ) + :=
0
1
s
0.001
1
s
, 100
1
s
.. :=

a

Pgina 18 de 24 AO: 2014

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0.4
0.2
0
0.2
0.4
Y ( )
mm
X ( )
mm

2 f 62.832
1
s
= X 2 f ( ) 2.095 10
3
mm =

V27. Resorte helicoidal

Datos:
E 206000MPa := 0.28 :=
adm
690MPa :=
P 6.6kN := n 4 :=
L
0
180mm := D
i
150mm := d 1in :=
t
0adm
4mm :=

Clculos:
G
E
2 1 + ( )
:= G 8.047 10
4
MPa =
R
D
i
d +
2
:= R 87.7 mm =

a

Pgina 19 de 24 AO: 2014
0
atan
L
0
d
4 n R
|
\
|
|
:=
0
0.11 =
0
L
0
n 1 + ( ) d
n
:=
0
13.25 mm =

f
64 P R
3
n
G d
4
1
3
64
d
R
|
\
|
|
2

3 +
2 1 + ( )
tan
0
( )
2
+
(
(
:= f 34.422 mm =
k
v
P
f
:= k
v
191.737
kN
m
=
16 P R
d
3
1
5
8
d
R
+
7
32
d
R
|
\
|
|
2
+
(
(
:= 215.756 MPa =
V if
adm
"Verifica" , "No Verifica" ,
( )
:= V "Verifica" =

L L
0
f := L 145.578 mm =
t
L n 1 + ( ) d
n
:= t 4.644 mm =
V if t t
0adm
( )
:= V "Verifica" =

atan
L d
4 n R
|
\
|
|
:= 4.895 deg =

EJ
d
4
16
sin ( )
2 1 sin ( )
2
+
( )
E
cos ( )
G
+
:=
EJ 0.315 kN m
2
=
k
h
1
L
3
12 EJ
64 n R
3
E d
4
+
:= k
h
353.246
kN
m
=
Frecuencia natural
vertical:
f
nv
1
2
k
v
g
P
:= f
nv
2.686
1
s
=
Frecuencia natural
horizontal:
f
nh
1
2
k
h
g
P
:= f
nh
3.646
1
s
=
a

Pgina 20 de 24 AO: 2014

V28. Apoyo de neoprene (sin armar)

Datos:
Dimensiones en planta: a 120mm := b 100mm :=
Espesor: h 20mm :=
Dureza Shore del neopreno: DS 60 :=
Caraga axial: P 20kN :=

Clculos:
Factor de forma:
a b
2 a b + ( ) h
:= 1.364 =
Tensin:
P
a b
:= 1.667 MPa =
De los grficos de Du Pont:
V DS , ( )
E 0.46 6.103 + 1.381
2
+
G 0.758
inf
0.25
DS 50 if
E 1.407 6.798 + 1.969
2
+
G 1.103
inf
0.35
DS 60 if
E 4.679 5.41 + 4.027
2
+
G 1.482
inf
0.45
DS 70 if
V
E
G
inf
|
\
|
|
|
|
:=

a

Pgina 21 de 24 AO: 2014
V DS , ( )
14.338
1.103
0.35
|
\
|
|
|
=
E V DS , ( )
0
MPa := E 14.338 MPa =
G V DS , ( )
1
MPa := G 1.103 MPa =
V DS , ( )
2
:= 0.35 =

Tensin admisible (e = 0.15%):
adm
0.15 E :=
adm
2.151 MPa =
V if
adm
( )
:= V "Verifica" =
Desplazamiento vertical (t 0): f
0
E
h := f
0
2.325 mm =
Desplazamiento vertical (t inf ) : f
inf
1 + ( )
E
h := f
inf
3.138 mm =
Rigidez vertical: k
v
E
a b
h
:= k
v
8.603 10
3
kN
m
=

Rigidez horizontal: k
h
G
a b
h
:= k
h
661.8
kN
m
=
Frecuencia natural
vertical:
f
nv
1
2
k
v
g
P
:= f
nv
10.337
1
s
=
Frecuencia natural
vertical:
f
nh
1
2
k
h
g
P
:= f
nh
2.867
1
s
=

V29. Nivel de vibracin

v
ref
5 10
5
mm
s
:=
L
V
v ( ) 10 log
v
v
ref
|
\
|
|
(
(
:= v L
V
( )
v
ref
10
L
V
20
:=
L
V
20 100 .. :=

a

Pgina 22 de 24 AO: 2014

20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
1 10
4
1 10
3
0.01
0.1
1
10
v L
V
( )
mm
s
L
V

v 85.9 ( ) 0.986
mm
s
= v 100 ( ) 5
mm
s
=
R
v 100 ( )
v 85.9 ( )
:= R 5.07 =

V32. Sistema de un grado de libertad con solicitacin peridica

T 0.08 :=
2
T
:= 78.54 =
F t ( ) 1 t 0 > ( ) t
T
8
\
|
|
if
0 t
T
8
>
|
\
|
|
t
2 T
8
\
|
|
if
1 t
2 T
8
\
|
|
t
3 T
8
\
|
|
if
2 t
3 T
8
\
|
|
t
5 T
8
\
|
|
if
1 t
5 T
8
>
|
\
|
|
t
6 T
8
\
|
|
if
0 t
6 T
8
>
|
\
|
|
t
7 T
8
\
|
|
if
1 t
7 T
8
>
|
\
|
|
t
8 T
8
\
|
|
if
:=

a

Pgina 23 de 24 AO: 2014

t 0
T
80
, T .. := n 16 := j 1 n .. :=
a
j
2
T
0
T
t F t ( ) cos j t ( )
d := F
a
t ( )
1
n
k
a
k
cos k t ( ) ( )
=
:=
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
3
2
1
0
1
2
F t ( )
F
a
t ( )
t

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
1
0
1
2
a
j
j
n
0.8 := m 0.75 := A
j
a
j
m
n
2
j
2
2

|
\
|
:= x t ( )
1
n
k
A
k
cos k t ( ) ( )
=
:=

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
1 10
3
5 10
4
0
5 10
4
1 10
3
x t ( )
t

a

Pgina 24 de 24 AO: 2014

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
1 10
3
5 10
4
0
5 10
4
A
j
j

n
2.8 := m 0.75 := A
j
a
j
m
n
2
j
2
2

|
\
|
:= x t ( )
1
n
k
A
k
cos k t ( ) ( )
=
:=

0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08
2 10
4
1 10
4
0
1 10
4
2 10
4
x t ( )
t

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
2 10
4
1 10
4
0
1 10
4
A
j
j

Datos: Desplazamiento Inicial: Velocidad Inicial:: x0 3mm xp0 0 M S 9 1 S

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Datos: Desplazamiento Inicial: Velocidad Inicial:: x0 3mm xp0 0 M S 9 1 S

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

TP N3: VIBRACIONES GEREZ

U.T.N. F.R.G.P. ANLISIS ESTRUCTURAL III CURSO: 61

You might also like