-8

-7
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
256
128
200
100
50
40
30
20
10
5
4
3
2
1
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
.05
.04
.03
.02
.01
.005
.004
.003
.002
.001
64.0
53.9
45.3
33.1
32.0
26.9
22.6
17.0
16.0
13.4
11.3
9.52
8.00
6.73
5.66
4.76
4.00
3.36
2.83
2.38
2.00
1.63
1.41
1.19
1.00
.840
.707
.545
.500
.420
.354
.297
.250
.210
.177
.149
.125
.105
.088
.074
.062
.053
.044
.037
.031
.016
.004
.008
.002
.001
10.1"
5.04"
2.52"
1.26"
0.63"
0.32"
0.16"
0.08"
inches
mm
1
1/2
1/4
1/8
1/16
1/32
1/64
1/128
1/256
1/512
1/1024
2 1/2"
2.12"
1 1/2"
1 1/4"
1.06"
3/4"
3/8"
5/16"
.265"
5/8"
4
5
6
7
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
100
120
140
170
200
230
270
325
400
2"
1 1/2"
1.05"
.742"
.525"
.371"
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
20
24
28
32
35
42
48
60
65
80
100
115
150
170
200
250
270
325
1.2
.59
.86
.42
.30
.215
.155
.115
.080 2900
1000
350
120
43
15
5.6
2.0
.72 .6
1.5
4.5
13
35
91
240
580
1700
100
50
40 90
80
70
30
60
50
20
40
30
20
10
9
8
7
6
10
8
7
6
5
5
4
3
2
4
3
2
1
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.329
0.1
0.085
0.023
0.01
0.0057
0.0014
0.001
0.00036
0.0001
200
150
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20 26
30
40
50
100
P
E
B
B
L
E
S
COBBLES
S
A
N
D
S
I
L
T
C
L
A
Y
BOULDERS
very
coarse
coarse
medium
fine
very
coarse
coarse
medium
fine
very
fine
coarse
medium
fine
very
fine
N
o
t
e
:


A
p
p
l
i
e
s


t
o


s
u
b
a
n
g
u
l
a
r


t
o
s
u
b
r
o
u
n
d
e
d


q
u
a
r
t
z


s
a
n
d
N
o
t
e
:


A
p
p
l
i
e
s


t
o


s
u
b
a
n
g
u
l
a
r


t
o
s
u
b
r
o
u
n
d
e
d


q
u
a
r
t
z


s
a
n
d
N
o
t
e
:


S
i
e
v
e


o
p
e
n
i
n
g
s


d
i
f
f
e
r


b
y


a
s
m
u
c
h


a
s


2
%


f
r
o
m









m
m


s
c
a
l
e
N
o
t
e
:


S
o
m
e


s
i
e
v
e


o
p
e
n
i
n
g
s


d
i
f
f
e
r
s
l
i
g
h
t
l
y


f
r
o
m









m
m


s
c
a
l
e
N
o
t
e
:


T
h
e


r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n


b
e
t
w
e
e
n


t
h
e


b
e
g
i
n
n
i
n
g
o
f


t
r
a
c
t
i
o
n


t
r
a
n
s
p
o
r
t


a
n
d


t
h
e


v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y
d
e
p
e
n
d
s


o
n


t
h
e


h
e
i
g
h
t


a
b
o
v
e


t
h
e


b
o
t
t
o
m
t
h
a
t


t
h
e


v
e
l
o
c
i
t
y


i
s


m
e
a
s
u
r
e
d
,


a
n
d


o
n
o
t
h
e
r


f
a
c
t
o
r
s
.
SIEVE
SIZES
SIZE TERMS
F
r
a
c
t
i
o
n
a
l


m
m
a
n
d
D
e
c
i
m
a
l


i
n
c
h
e
s
T
y
l
e
r
M
e
s
h


N
o
.
A
S
T
M


N
o
.
(
U
.
S
.


S
t
a
n
d
a
r
d
)
Number
of grains
per mg
Q
u
a
r
t
z
s
p
h
e
r
e
s
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
s
a
n
d
Settling
Velocity
(Quartz,
20C)
S
p
h
e
r
e
s
(
G
i
b
b
s
,

1
9
7
1
)
C
r
u
s
h
e
d
cm/sec
Threshold
Velocity
for traction
cm/sec

Minimum
(Inman,1949)
(
N
e
v
i
n
,
1
9
4
6
)
(
m
o
d
i
f
i
e
d


f
r
o
m
H
j
u
i
s
t
r
o
m
,
1
9
3
9
)
S
t
o
k
e
s


L
a
w


(
R

=

6

v
)
p
h
i
p
h
i
1/2"
7/16"
(after
Wentworth,1922)
Clay/Silt
boundary
for mineral
analysis
PHI - mm
COVERSION
= log (d in mm)
2
1m = 0.001mm
I
n
t
e
r
m
e
d
i
a
t
e


d
i
a
m
e
t
e
r
s
o
f


n
a
t
u
r
a
l


g
r
a
i
n
s
e
q
u
i
v
a
l
e
n
t


t
o


s
i
e
v
e


s
i
z
e
1 m
above
bottom
(

i
n

m
m

)
> -8 _
mm
( )
very
fine
Granules