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  • The Ctenophores

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    Beatrice Del Rosario
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    The document discusses the general characteristics and anatomy of ctenophores (comb jellies). Some key points include: - Ctenophores are exclusively marine, planktonic predators with biradial symmetry and a body resembling jellyfish. - They have fused cilia arranged in rows called ctenes that beat to propel the ctenophore through water mouth-first. - Ctenophores have a digestive system of four canals and two blind sacs, and are simultaneous hermaphrodites. - There are two classes - Tentaculata which have retractable tentacles, and Nuda which lack tentacles.

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    Invertebrate Zoology: Ctenophores

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    The document discusses the general characteristics and anatomy of ctenophores (comb jellies). Some key points include: - Ctenophores are exclusively marine, planktonic predators with biradial symmetry and a body resembling jellyfish. - They have fused cilia arranged in rows called ctenes that beat to propel the ctenophore through water mouth-first. - Ctenophores have a digestive system of four canals and two blind sacs, and are simultaneous hermaphrodites. - There are two classes - Tentaculata which have retractable tentacles, and Nuda which lack tentacles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    9 views21 pages

    The Ctenophores

    Uploaded by

    Beatrice Del Rosario
    The document discusses the general characteristics and anatomy of ctenophores (comb jellies). Some key points include: - Ctenophores are exclusively marine, planktonic predators with biradial symmetry and a body resembling jellyfish. - They have fused cilia arranged in rows called ctenes that beat to propel the ctenophore through water mouth-first. - Ctenophores have a digestive system of four canals and two blind sacs, and are simultaneous hermaphrodites. - There are two classes - Tentaculata which have retractable tentacles, and Nuda which lack tentacles.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 21

    The Ctenophores

    (Comb Jellies)

    Asst. Prof. Rey Donne S. Papa, Ph.D.


    Department of Biological Sciences
    University of Santo Tomas

    Introduction and General Characteristics


    Cteno + phora (Greek: Comb
    bearing)
    Predators
    Near Transparent
    Exclusively marine; planktonic
    Body resembles a cnidarian
    medusae
    Epidermis, Gastrodermis and
    Mesoglea
    Digestive System: Mouth and
    Gastrovascular Canals
    Diploblastic

    Poor fossil record


    Biradial symmetry
    Multinucleated cells
    Cilia fused into ctene
    Ctenes arranged into comb rows or
    costae
    Oral to aboral surface

    Power stroke towards aboral surface


    Swims mouth first

    Apical Sense Organ (Aboral side)


    Statolith (CaCo3) w/ Balancers / Springs
    Balancers with grooves (nerve conduction)

    Tentacles
    Capture prey
    Retracted to proximal pits or sheaths
    Colloblasts

    Some species rely on lateral compression


    of body for food capture
    Mucus and colloblasts are found throughout
    body

    4 Digestive Canals
    2 Blind sacs, 2 Anal pores

    Simultaneous hermaprodites
    Development
    Gastrulation
    Epiboly or Invagination

    Cydippid Larvae

    Bioluminescent

    Table 07_01

    Class Tentaculata
    Order Cydippida
    Long retractable tentacles
    Globular shape
    Well developed comb rows

    Callanira sp.

    Order Lobata
    Flattened body
    Pair of oral lobes, four auricles
    Shortened tentacles

    Ocyropsis maculata

    Mnemiopsis macrydi

    Eurhamphea vexilligera

    Class Nuda
    Order Beroida
    Cylindrical, flattened body
    No tentacles

    Assignment
    http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/plankt/vi_mnemiopsis.html
    Choose one article, download the .pdf file, read article and make
    notes on the biology of Mnemiopsis
    Group yourselves into 3 / 4 (make sure you dont have the same
    article as your group mates
    Discuss with your group mates what you have learned about the
    ecological impact of certain ctenophore species
    Write a 2-page essay based on your discussions, make sure to
    properly cite your references (the articles you chose)
    Compile assignments (saved as pdf) in one CD. Submit on July 15
    Sample filename (surname1surname2surname3_2bio1.pdf)

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