Bulng v ai c

Bulng v ai c
Bulng v ai c c s dng bt cht cc chi
tit vi nhau nhng khu vc khc nhau trn xe.
C nhiu loi bulng v ai c tu theo ng dng
ca chng. iu quan trng l phi nm c
chng loi c th tin hnh vic bo dng
c chnh xc.
ai c
Bulng

(1/1)

Thng S K Thut Ca ai c V Bulng

Tn ca tng chi tit
Bulng c nhiu tn khc nhau xc nh kch thc
v cng ca chng.
Bulng dng trong t c chn tu theo cng
v kch thc ng vi tng khu vc ring bit.
Do , hiu c tn ca bulng l mt trong nhng
kin thc cn bn khi tin hnh bo dng.
Tn ca bulng
V d: M 8 x 1.25 - 4T
M: Loi ren
"M" vit tt ca ren h mt. Cc loi ren khc l "S"
cho loi ren nh "UNC" cho loi rng th.
8: ng knh ngoi ca bulng,
trong hnh v sau, n c biu din bng .
1.25: Bc ren (mm)
trong hnh v, n c biu din bng .
4T: Cng
S cho bit 1/10 ca cng chu ko nh nht
theo n v kgf/mm2, ch i din cho "cng
chu ko". Cng c dp trn u bulng.

Chiu rng qua cc cnh

Chiu rng qua cc nh
Chiu cao u bulng
Chiu di ren
Chiu di danh ngha
Chiu cao ca ai c
ng knh chnh c s (ng knh danh ngha) ca ren
Bc ren - khong cch gia mt im trn ren n im
tng t ca ren tip theo

(1/1)

Cc lu v bo dng:
Cch xit bulng

Cc phng php xit bulng

Cc bulng c xit bng mt cn lc n
mmen tiu chun ch ra trong hng dn sa
cha

-1-

S cn thit ca mmen xit tiu chun

(1/2)

Tp "cm gic" mmen xit

1. Dng mt cn lc, xit mt bulng hay ai c
n 150 kgf.cm.
2. Dng mt u khu (hay chng), xit li n theo
cch tng t.
3. Lp li thao tc ny nhiu ln cho n khi hc
c "cm gic" xit bng khu (hay chng)
t c cng mmen xon vi cn lc.
LU :

c kinh nghim v cm gic trn ren ca

bulng, hy xit bulng v lm hng cc ren ca
n bng cch tc dng lc ln nht c th
(2/2)

Bulng u lc gic
y l loi bulng ph bin nht. Mt s c mt
bch hay mt vng m bn di u bulng.
Loi mt bch:
B phn ca u bulng m tip xc vi phn c
b mt rng hn nhm lm gim p sut tip xc
m u bulng tc dng ln chi tit xit cht. Do ,
n rt hiu qu khi gim thiu kh nng lm h
hng cc chi tit.
Loi vng m:
Tc dng ca n ging nh loi mt bch. N cng
hiu qu khi dng xit cht chi tit c l vi
ng knh l rng u bulng.
Loi ny s dng m n hi (m vnh) gia u
bulng v vng m gim hin tng lng ra
ca bulng
Bulng ch U
Bulng loi ny c s dng bt nhp vo cu
xe. Chng c gi l "bulng ch U" do hnh dng
ging nh ch "U"
Vt cy
Nhng bulng ny c s dng nh v mt chi
tit vo mt chi tit khc, hay h tr cho vic lp
rp chng.
(1/1)

-2-

Phng php tho v thay th vt cy

xit vt cy, lp 2 ai c vo vt cy v xit cht
chng vo nhau. Sau , xoay cc ai c xit cht
hay ni lng vt cy. K thut ny c gi l "ai c
kp".
Vi k thut ny, vic xit cht v hm 2 ai c vi
nhau cho php cc ai c thc hin chc nng ca
u bulng thng thng.
lp vt cy, xoay ai c pha trn theo hng
xit vo.
tho vt cy, xoay ai c theo hng ni lng
ra.
LU :
Cng c mt dng c c thit k c bit cho vic
tho v lo vt cy
(1/1)

Cc bulng xit bin dng do, c lc dc trc v

tnh n nh cao, c s dng lm bulng np quy
lt v bulng np thanh truyn mt s loi ng
c.
u bulng c c im l c mi hai cnh (bn
ngoi v bn trong).
Bulng xit bin dng do
u bulng
Cm np thanh truyn

(1/1)

Lu khi sa cha:
Cch s dng bu lng bin dng do

Phng php xit cc bulng bin dng do

Phng php xit cc bulng bin dng do
khc vi xit cc bulng thng thng.
Xit cc bulng bin dng do ti mt gi tr
mmen nht nh.
nh du sn ln u bulng.

Xit, theo hng dn sa cha

xit bulng bin dng do, cn phi tun theo
cc hng trong sch hng dn sa cha do
c 2 phng php xit cho nhng bulng bin
dng do.
Phng php xit bulng n mmen tiu
chun, v sau xit thm mt gc 90.
Phng php xit bulng n mmen tiu

chun, v sau xit thm 2 ln mi ln mt

gc 90 v tng gc xit l 180.
(1/3)

-3-

Xc nh s dng li bulng xit bin dng do

Bn thn bulng xit bin dng do bin dng bi lc
dc trc. Quyt nh c s dng li bulng xit bin
dng do hay khng c 2 phng php:
o im tht li ca bulng
Phng php ny o ng knh ngoi ti im
b tht vo nhiu nht bng thc kp v quyt
nh gi tr gii hn.
V d v gi tr gii hn
ng knh tiu chun:
7.3 - 7.5 mm
(0.287 - 0.295 in.)
ng knh nh nht:
7.3 mm
Nu kt qu o c nh hn 7.3 mm, phi thay
th bulng
o mc ko gin ca bulng
Phng php ny quyt nh ko gin ra ca
bulng.
V d v gi tr gii hn
Chiu di tiu chun ca bulng:
142.8-144.2mm
(5.622 - 5.677 in.)
Chiu di ln nht ca bulng :
147.1 mm (5.791 in.)
Trong trng hp ny, cn phi thay th bulng
khi kt qu o c ln hn 147.1 mm
(2/3)

Phng php xit bin dng do

Xit bulng trong vng bin dng n hi, lc
dc trc v gc xoay ca bulng tng t l thun
vi nhau (S ). Sau kp vng bin dng
do, ch c gc xoay ca bulng thay i cn
lc dc trc ca n gi nguyn khng thay i.
Phng php xit ny gim s khng ng u
ca lc dc trc so vi gc xoay ca bulng, v
tng lc dc trc n nh ca bulng nh trong s
sau .
Tnh do
Tnh cht ca vt liu lm thay i hnh dng ca
n tng ng vi ngoi lc tc dng, m khng
phc hi v hnh dng ban u khi lc ngng tc
dng. Tnh cht ny ngc li so vi tnh n hi,
tnh cht m cho php vt liu tr v trng thi ban
u ca n. Lc tc dng vt qu gii hn do s
to nn bin dng do
Tnh n hi
Tnh cht ca vt liu lm thay i hnh dng ca
n tng ng vi ngoi lc tc dng v tr v
trng thi ban u khi lc ngng tc dng. Nu vt
liu khng cn tr v hnh dng ban u ca n do
lc tc dng ln n vt qu mt ngng nht
nh, ngng c gi l gii hn do. Lc tc
dng nh hn gii hn do to nn bin dng n
hi
(3/3)

-4-

Cc loi ai c
ai c lc gic
Loi ai c ny c s dng ph bin nht. Mt s
c mt bch bn di ai c.
ai c c m
Nhng ai c ny c dng lm ai c moay ca
vnh bnh xe bng nhm c, v chng c m che
ly phn ren.
Chng c s dng trnh cho u bulng khng
b r hay vi mc ch trang tr.
ai c x rnh
Loi ai c ny c rnh. trnh cho ai c b xoay
v ni lng ra, mt cht ch c s dng nhiu v
tr ni, nh trong h thng li
(1/1)

ai c hm
ai c hm c mt s ren m c lm cho bin dng hay,
sau khi chng c xit cht, mt s ren tr nn bin dng
trnh cho ai c khng b lng ra. Chng thng c
s dng vi cc b phn ca h thng truyn lc.
Vng m
Vng m thng c phn thnh 2 loi theo phng
php hm ca chng.
m vnh v m vnh hnh sng
Lc n hi ca m vnh lm gim hin tng ni lng
ca bulng hay ai c
m c rng
m ny c mt b mt vi cc rng mt pha, n dng
to ma st v gim hin tng ni lng ca bulng v
ai c
(1/2)

Cht ch
Cht ch c s dng kt hp vi ai c x rnh
c c chc nng hm.
Chng c s dng ch yu vi cc b phn ca
h thng li ca t.
ai c x rnh
m hm
Cc tai ca m hm c t vo bulng hay ai
c trnh chng khng b lng ra. S sau y
cho thy m hm c dng trong b vi sai ca
xe. m hm c th s dng li c

(2/2)

-5-

Cu hi-1

Hy nh du ng hay Sai cho cc cu sau y:

No.

Cu hi

ng hoc Sai

Bulng ch U ch yu c s dng bt nhp vo cu

xe.

ng

Sai

ai c c np to nn c cu hm khi i vi cht ch.

ng

Sai

ai c x rnh t n to nn c cu hm.

ng

Sai

Khi cht ch c s dng, n khng th dng li.

ng

Sai

Khi bulng bin dng do c s dng, n khng th

dng li.

ng

Sai

Cc cu tr li
ng

Cu hi-2

Cu no trong cc cu sau y l ng?

1. Trong khi c rt nhiu loi bulng, th tt c cc bulng loi no c cng cng .
2. Cng ca bulng c xc nh bng mu ca n.
3. Cng ca bulng c th xc nh bng s hay du dp trn n.
4. Mt bulng khng gy tr khi s dng sng hi.

-6-

Cu hi-3

Hy chn cc b phn m c s dng bulng xit bin dng do ng c 1NZ-FE.

1. Gi bt chn my

2. Np bc trc cam

3. ng ng np

4. Np quy lt

Cu hi-4

Cc cu sau y ni n cc gi tr danh ngha ca bulng. Hy in nhng t thch hp vo

trng.
M10 x 1.25 - 11T
M: Biu din cho [1]
10: Biu din cho [2]
1.25: Biu din cho [3]
11T: Biu din cho [4]
a) ng knh bulng

b) chiu cao bulng

c) loi ren

-7-

d) chiu di bulng

e) bc ren

f) cng