Bit Calculations

Units
Where:
Pb
MW
Q
An
Vn
HHPb
HSI
Db
Ab
lfb

= Bit Pressure Drop (lbs/in2)

= Mud Weight (ppg)
= Flow Rate (gpm)
= Total Nozzle Area (in2)
= Nozzle Velocity (ft/sec)
= Horse Power at bit (hp)
= Horse Power per inch (hp/in2)
= Bit Diameter (in)
= Area of Bit (in2)
= Impact Force at bit (lbf)

Pressure Drop Across Bit (psi)

Calculated From Flow Rate, assumes Cd=1.0:

Pb =

(MW)(Q )
(12,032)(An2)
2

Vc
N
Es

ROP
WOB
T
Ah
MSE
Cd

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Cross Flow Velocity (ft/sec)

Number of Nozzles
Specific Energy (psi)
Coefficient of Friction
Rate of Penetration (ft/hr)
Weight on Bit (lbf)
Torque (ft-lbs)
Area of Hole (in2)
Mechanical Specific Energy (psi)
Nozzle discharge coefficient

Impact of Jet Nozzles on Hole Bottom (lbf)

Calculated From Velocity:

lfb =

(Q)(MW)(Vn)
(1930)

Calculated From Velocity:

Calculated From Pressure Drop:

(MW)(Vn )
Pb =
(1,239)

lfb = 0.0173Q [PbMW] 1/2

Bit Nozzle Velocity (ft/sec)

Calculated From Flow Rate:

Vn = (0.321)

(Q )
(An)

Calculated From Pressure Drop:

Vn =

(1,239 )(Pb )
(MW)

1/2

Total Bit Nozzle area (in2)

Calculated From Bit Pressure Drop:

(MW )(Q2 ) 1/2

(12031)(Pb)
An = (An1+ An2 + ...Anx )
An =

Bit Hydraulic Horsepower (hp)

Hydraulic HP by Bit Nozzles:

HHPb =

(Pb )(Q)
(1714)

Hydraulic HP per sq. in. of Bit Diameter:

HSI =

(HHPb)(1.273)
(Db ) 2

Cross Flow Velocity under the Bit (ft/sec)

(108.5) (Q)(Vn) 1/2
Vc =
(NDb )

Mechanical Specific Energy using (psi)

1 (13.33)()(RPM)
MSE =WOB
+
Ab
(ROP)(Db)

Bit Aggressiveness/Coefficient of Friction

36(T)
=
(WOB)(Db)

Mechanical Specific Energy using Torque (psi)

480(T)(RPM) 1.274(WOB)
MSE =
+
ROP(Db2)
(Db2)
Bit Torque (ft-lbs)
(Db)(WOB)
T=
36
Minimum Flow rate for PDC Bits (gpm)
GPM = 12.72Db1.47