SloanSpringfield

SkeletalMuscleLabReport

Myofiberscanspanthelengthofanentiremuscle.(
Mcnally,E.M.,Lapidos,K.A.,&Wheeler,M.T.(2006).
SkeletalMuscleStructureandFunction.In
PrinciplesofMolecularMedicine
(pp.674681).HumanaPress.)
Thereare5,037aminoacidsinarabbitskeletalmuscle.(
Takeshima,H.,Nishimura,S.,Matsumoto,T.,Ishida,
H.,Kangawa,K.,Minamino,N.,...&Hirose,T.(1989).Primarystructureandexpressionfromcomplementary
DNAofskeletalmuscleryanodinereceptor.
Nature
,
339
(6224),439445.)Myosinsarecomposedofslowheavy
chainsandfastandslowlightschains.(BILLETER,R.,HEIZMANN,C.W.,HOWALD,H.,&JENNY,E.(1981).
Analysisofmyosinlightandheavychaintypesinsinglehumanskeletalmusclefibers.
EuropeanJournalof
Biochemistry
,
116
(2),389395.)Also,fascicleistheconnectivetissuethatsurroundsanindividualmusclecell.
Fascicleiswhiteandlookslikeaspiderwebandwhendissectingisveryeasytocut.Sarcomereisanarea
betweentwointercalateddiscs.Theyhelpwithtendonsnotbeingtornsoeasily.(Lieber,R.L.,Loren,G.J.,&
Friden,J.(1994).Invivomeasurementofhumanwristextensormusclesarcomerelengthchanges.
Journalof
Neurophysiology
,
71
(3),874881.)
Onecurrentresearchforskeletalmusclesarethatscientistaretryingto
regeneratethesemuscleswhensomeonehasamajorinjuryordisease.(
Carlson,B.M.,&Faulkner,J.A.
(1982).Theregenerationofskeletalmusclefibersfollowinginjury:areview.
Medicineandscienceinsportsand
exercise
,
15
(3),187198.)
Alsoanothercurrentresearchisscientistaretryingtoseehowwecanmakeour
skeletalmusclesstrongerbyendurancetraining.(Hoppeler,H.,Howald,H.,Conley,K.,Lindstedt,S.L.,
Claassen,H.,Vock,P.,&Weibel,E.R.
(1985).Endurancetraininginhumans:aerobiccapacityandstructureof
skeletalmuscle.
POWER(WATT)
,
200
(300),400.)
Anothercurrentresearchisscientistaretryingtohaveinsulin
growthandstrengthfordiabetics,byparticularexercises.Skeletalmusclesaregoingtohelpmanypeoplefrom
injuriestodiseases.(
McKoy,G.,Ashley,W.,Mander,J.,Yang,S.Y.,Williams,N.,Russell,B.,&Goldspink,G.
(1999).Expressionofinsulingrowthfactor1splicevariantsandstructuralgenesinrabbitskeletalmuscle
inducedbystretchandstimulation.
TheJournalofphysiology
,
516
(2),583592.)

SloanSpringfield
SkeletalMuscleLabReport

http://www.thinglink.com/scene/609478092070584320
Thisisadrawingofaskeletalmusclestructure.Photoby:SloanSpringfield

Musclecontractionisusuallyincreasesbycalcium.Ifcalciumrisesintheskeletalmusclethenthe
musclesstarttocontract.Theskeletalmuscleiscontractedregularlybycalciumandproduces
troponinforaregularproteinfoundinthefilamentsofthemyofibers.Therefore,theskeletal
musclesalwayscontractusingcalciumasahelper.(
Mellgren,R.L.,Repetti,A.,Muck,T.C.,&
Easly,J.(1982).RabbitskeletalmusclecalciumdependentproteaserequiringmillimolarCA2+.
Purification,subunitstructure,andCa2+dependentautoproteolysis.
JournalofBiological
Chemistry
,
257
(12),72037209.)

SloanSpringfield
SkeletalMuscleLabReport

Thetoppictureisofaskeletalmusclethatisrelaxed.Thebottompictureisofaskeletalmuscle
thatiscompletelycontracted.Photoby:SloanSpringfield(HolesHumanAnatomy&Physiology.
ShierButlerLewis.)

ThisistherabbitmuscleThisistherabbitmuscleaftertwoATP
beforetheATPdrops.Ithasconstrictedabout3mm
whichwouldmeanitisabout4mm.The
microscopewason100x.Photoby:
SloanSpringfield.
beforetheATPdrops.
Ithasnotconstricted
andifverysmooth.
Thelengthwas7mm.
Themicroscopewas100x.Photoby:SloanSpringfield

SloanSpringfield
SkeletalMuscleLabReport

Thisismyrabbitlabchartsfromtherabbitmusclelab.Thisarethepercentsfromtheaverage
before(33.2%)andtheaverageafter(56.6%)ATPdrops.

Theoneobservationmadeintherabbitmusclelabwasthatthemuscleshavecontractedafter
theATPdrops.Thecontractionofthemusclemadethedatadecreasebecausethemuscles
shrunk.Weareusingpercentsforourdatasothatwecanhaveamorespecificnumber.

Acrosscountryrunnersmusclesaregoingtobelongerandcontractslowerthanasprinters
muscles.Whileasprintersmusclesaregoingtobeshortandcontractfaster.Thereasonthat
crosscountryrunnersmusclecontractslowerisbecausetheyarenotrunningasfastas
sprinters.Theytaketheirtimebecausetheyhavetorunalongerdistance.Sprintersmuscle
contractfasterbecausetheyruninquicklyandforashortdistance.Theirmuscleshaveto
contractquickerinorderforthemtobeinuse.Inconclusioncrosscountryrunnersmusclesare
weakerthansprintersmuscles.

ThisgraphistalkingaboutthemaximumforceSloanSpringfieldhadwhenshehadtohavea
continuousgripfor100seconds.

SloanSpringfield
SkeletalMuscleLabReport

ThisgraphistalkingaboutthemaximumforcethatSloanSpringfieldhadwhilegrippingtwice
everysecondfor100seconds.

ThisgraphistalkingabouttheCharacteristicsofSkeletalMuscleFiberTypes.Theinformation
wasfoundintheInfluenceofMuscleFiberTypeonMuscleContractionworksheet.

Thequestionthatneedstobeansweredisdofemaleathleteshaveastrongerconsistentgrip
thannonfemaleathletes.Femaleathletesdoworkouttostrengthentheirmuscles.Forexample
someoftheworkoutstheydoarepushups,gripexercises,wristrollers,andmanymore.Asfor
nonfemaleathletesdonotworkouttheirforearmsandgripstrength.Sothereforefemaleathletes
willhaveastrongergripstrengththannonfemaleathletes.

SloanSpringfield
SkeletalMuscleLabReport

Thisisadatatableoffourathletesandnonathletesandtheircontinuousgripandtheirtime.This
picturealsoshowstheaverageofthefourfemaleathletesandfemalenonathletescontinuous
grips.Photoby:SloanSpringfield

Inconclusion,thedatahasshownthatthesefourfemaleathleteshas53.8moregripstrength
thenthefourfemalenonathletes.Thiscouldbebecausethefourfemaleathletesarestronger
thanthefemalenonathletes.Thefemaleathletesarestrongerbecausetheyworkouttheir
musclesandtheytrytostrengthenalloftheirmuscleswhilethefemalenonathletesdonotwork
tostrengthentheirmuscleslikefemaleathletesdo.Sothequestionisanswered:femaleathletes
dohaveastrongercontinuousgripstrengththananonfemaleathlete.