.

-
-

m
,
rad
.
.
,

.

.

, :

:
( )

.
.
27

, :

.
:

km = Nk
i

Nm
M
T
ds + Mk m ds + T k m ds
E F
EJ
GA
i
i

Nm, Mm Tm
Nk , Mk T k

F

G


:
t

kt = t t sr A k n + A k m
h

t
tsr
t

A k n
A k m


.

.

.

28

2.

2.1
:
)

) 1.

200C

10 kN/m

G
A

40/60

3
40/40

50 kN

160C

C
4

:
km = Nk
i

Nm
M
T
ds + Mk m ds + T k m ds
E F
EJ
GA
i
i

Nk , Mk , T k -
Nm, Mm, Tm -
( )

29

- :

J =

0,4 0,6 3
= 0,0072 m 4
12

Jc = J

J =

0,4 0,4 3
= 0,00213 m 4
12

c
= 1,0
J

c
= 3,38
J

) 1

- :
50,0

G
2
A

6,25

50,0
Mi
C

:
M A 2 = A x = 25 x

( 0 x 2)

M2 G = A (2 + x ) 50 x = 25 (2 + x ) 50 x
MG B = 25 x

( 0 x 2)

MB 3 = 25 (2 + x ) + 60 x 10
x=0

MB = 50,0 kNm

x = 2,5

MB = 6,25 kNm

x = 5,0

MB = 0 kNm

30

( 0 x 2)

x2
2

(0 x 5 )

- 1, P=1,0:
G

0,5

1,25

Mk

C
0,5

:
MB 1 = B x = 0,5 x

(0 x 2,5)

M1 3 = B (2 + x ) P x = 0,5 (2,5 + x ) 1,0 x

(0 x 2,5)

1. 1 :

km = Mk
i

Mm
ds
EJ

J
E Jc km = Mk Mm c ds
J
i

Mx11 = 25 (2 + x ) + 60 x 10

x2
= 50 + 35 x 5 x 2
2

Mx12 = 25 ( 4,5 + x ) + 60 ( 2,5 + x ) 5 (2,5 + x ) 2

1

Mx1 = 0,5 x
2

Mx1 = 0,5 (2,5 + x ) 1,0 x = 1,25 + 0,5 x x = 1,25 0,25 x

E J c 1

E J c 1 =
+

2,5

2,5

2,5
2
Jc
J

dx + Mx 1 Mx 12 c dx
J
J
0

1
Mx 1

( 0,5 x ) ( 50 + 35 x 5 x 2 ) 1,0 dx +

0
2,5

Mx 11

(1,25 0,5 x ) ( 6,25 + 10 x 5 x 2 ) 1,0 dx

31

E Jc 1 =

2,5

( 25 x + 17,5 x 2 2,5 x 3 ) dx +

2,5

(7,8125 + 12,5 x

x2
6,25 x 3,125 x 5 x + 2,5 x ) dx = 25
2
2

x4
2,5
4
5

x3
3

2,5
2,5
+ +7,8125 x 0

0
2,5

+ 2,5
0

x4
4

2,5

x2
+ 12,5
2

2,5
0

x3
6,25
3

x3
+ 17,5
3

2,5
0

2,5

x2
3,125
2

2,5

2,5

= 78,125 + 91,146 24,414 + 19,53125 + 39,0625

0

32,552 9,766 26,042 + 24,414 = 3,255

1 =

3,255
7

3,15 10 0,0072

= 1,433 10 5 m = 1,433 10 3 cm

2. 1 :
J
E Jc km = Mk Mm c ds
J
i
50,0

50,0

J
l' = c l
J

25,0

=
6,25

+
q l2
= 31,25
8

k
1,25

1
1
E Jc 1 = 1,25 (50,0 + 2 25,0) 1,0 2,5 25,0 1,25 1,0 2,5 +
6
3
+

32

5
5
31,25 1,25 1,0 2,5 +
31,25 1,25 1,0 2,5 = 3,255
12
12
3,255
1 =
= 1,433 10 5 m = 1,433 10 3 cm
7
3,15 10 0,0072

3.
:
N
t M

kt = t t A k + A k
h

A k , A k - .
t
t
t
G
A

t=4

1
0

1,25
t=40
Mk

0,5

A
t =

20 + 16
= 18 0 C
2

Nk

0,5

4 1,25 2,5
1t = 10 5 18 0,5 3

2 = 10 5 ( 47,833 )
0
,
6
2

1t = 47,833 10 5 m

33

)
1
G
40/60

3
40/40

C
4

- 1, P=1,0:
G

1
3

1,25

0,5

Mk

C
0,5

* G
x
2

P=1,0
x

A
x
1
4

+
x

1 x
4

B
x
4

x
4

7
x
20

C
x
10

1
1
x
x x
E Jc 1 = 1,25 2 + 1,0 2,5 1,25 2,5
6
3
4
2 4
34

x=0

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

x=2

E Jc 1 = 1,823

1 = 8,038 10 6 m

x=4

E Jc 1 = 3,646

1 = 1,608 10 5 m

* G B
P=1,0

2x

G
B
A

x
2

1
2-x

x
+1
5

C
x
5

1
x
1
x

E Jc 1 = 1,25 (2 x ) + 2 1 2,5 1,25 1 2,5

6
2
3
2

x=0

E Jc 1 = 3,646

1 = 1,608 10 5 m

x=2

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

* B C
P=1,0
x
G
B
A

+ 1
x
1
5

1 x
5

C
x
5

35

E Jc 1 = 1,25 1 x 1,0 2,5 2

5
3

x=0

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

x = 2,5

E Jc 1 = 2,604

1 = 1,148 10 5 m

x=5

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

8,03810-6

1,60810-5

1
G

+
1,14810-5

36

2.2

1. E=3,15107 kN/m2
G
30/60

30/30

30/30

A
1

- :

J =

0,3 0,6 3
= 0,0054 m 4
12

Jc = J

J =

0,3 0,3 3
= 0,000675 m 4
12

c
= 1,0
J

c
=8
J

1. 1
P = 1,0
1,0
1

4
Mp

1,0

A
1,0

1,0

3
37

2.
2.1 P = 1,0 1 2
P = 1,0
x 1,0-x

1,0-x
1

4
M1

1,0-x

1,0-x

1,0

1,0

x
1,0

1,0-x
x

1,0-x

1
E Jc 1 = (1,0 x ) ( x + 2 1,0) (1 x ) 1,0 + 1,0 (1,0 x ) 4 8
6
1
E Jc 1 = (1,0 x ) 2 ( x + 2) + 32 (1,0 x )
6

x=0

E Jc 1 = 32,33

1 = 1,90 10 4 m

x =1

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

38

2.2 P = 1,0 2 G
P = 1,0
x 1,0-x

x
1

4
M2
A

x
1,0

E Jc 1 = 1,0 x 4 8 = 32 x
x=0

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

x =1

E Jc 1 = 32

1 = 1,88 10 4 m

2.3 P = 1,0 G 3
x

3,0-x
3
1

P = 1,0

3,0-x

G
2

3
3,0-x
x
3

M3

3,0-x
3
A
1

3,0-x
3

3,0-x
3

x
3

39

E Jc 1 = 1,0

3,0 x
3,0 x
x 4 8 = 32
3,0
3,0

x=0

E Jc 1 = 32

1 = 1,88 10 4 m

x = 1,5

E Jc 1 = 16

1 = 0,941 10 4 m

x=3

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

2.4 1

1,8810-4

0,94110-4

1,9010-4

40

2.3
,
B .
200C
1

30/60

2
B

150C

30/30

A
5

- :
J =

0,3 0,6 3
= 0,0054 m 4
12

Jc = J

J =

0,3 0,3 3
= 0,000675 m 4
12

c
= 1,0
J

c
= 0,125
J

- :
t =

15 + 20
= 17,5 0 C
2

- :

t = 20 15 = 5 0 C

41

1.

4,0

P = 1,0

2
B

0,8

4
Mk
1,0

0,8

2.

1,0

1,0

0,8

P = 1,0

2
B

0,8

Nk

1,0

0,8

0,8

N
t M

B = t t A k + A k
h

5 44
5 45

B = 10 5 17,5 0,8 4 17,5 1,0 5 +

= 73,167 10 5
0,3 2
0,6 2

B = 73,167 10 5 m = 0,073167 cm
42

2.4
,
1. =3,15107 kN/m2

30/60

1
B

- :
J =

0,3 0,6 3
= 0,0054 m 4
12

1. 1
1,0

0,6

A
0,6

P = 1,0

30/60
Mp

0,2

1
B

1,2

2.
2.1 P = 1,0 A G
x

P = 1,0

x
1,0

1
B

M1
3

43

0,2(3-x)

0,6
1,0
x

1,0

1
1
E Jc 1 = x (2 0,6 + 0,2 (3 x )) 1,0 x = x (1,2 + 0,6 0,2 x ) x
6
6
1
E Jc 1 = x 2 (1,8 0,2 x )
6
x=0

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

x = 1,5

E Jc 1 = 0,5625

1 = 0,331 10 5 m

x=3

E Jc 1 = 1,8

1 = 1,058 10 5 m

2.2 P = 1,0 G B

3 1
5

5-x

M2
3

44

P = 1,0

A
x
1
5

+
x

1 x
5

x
5

1,0
x
5

A
G
0,6

1
B

Mp
3

3 1
5

A
G
M2
3

1
x

1 x
5

B
1

1
x
1 x
x

E Jc 1 = 0,6 3 1 1,0 3 1 x 1,0 x

3
5
3
5
5

1
x
x
x

1 x 2 + 1,0 1,0 3 1
6
5
5
5

x3
x x
x 2x
x

E Jc 1 = 0,6 (5 x )
+ 1,0 3 1
1 1
15
5 6 5 5
5

x=0

E Jc 1 = 1,8

1 = 1,058 10 5 m

x = 2,5

E Jc 1 = 3,063

1 = 1,801 10 5 m

x=5

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

45

2.3 P = 1,0 B 1
P = 1,0
x x
A
3
x
5

3
x
x 5
5

1
B

x
1+
5

M3
3

1 3
1
1
E Jc 1 = x 0,6 1,0 3 + x 1,0 1,0 5 + x ( 2 1,0 + (1 x )) 1,0 x =
3 5
3
6
=

1,8
5
x2
x+ x+
(2 + 1 x )
5
3
6

E Jc 1 = 2,027 x + 0,167 x 2 (3 x )

x=0

E Jc 1 = 0

1 = 0

x = 0,5

E Jc 1 = 1,118

1 = 0,6573 10 5 m
1 = 1,388 10 5 m

E Jc 1 = 2,361

x =1

3. 1
1,80110-5
1,05810-5
0,33110-5

0,657310-5

A
G

46

1,38810-5
1

2.5
,
. =3,15107 kN/m2

2
B

2.

1,0
1

+
B

=1,0

Mp
1,0

A
2

47

2.
2.1 P = 1,0 1 2
P = 1,0

2-x

2
2

2-x

B
M1

A
2

x=0

1
(2 x ) 1,0 8 = 5,333 + 2,667 x
3
E Jc A = 5,333

x=2

E Jc A = 0

E Jc A =

2.2 P = 1,0 2 B
x

P = 1,0
2

+
x2
x
8

B
M2

A
2

48

1
x 2
x
x
x 2
x 2
+ 1 x
x
1 (8 x ) 2 1
3
8
8
6
8
8

1
E Jc A =
8 x x 2 (16 x )
48
x=0
E Jc A = 0
E Jc A =

x=2

E Jc A = 3,50
E Jc A = 4,00

x=4
x=6

E Jc A = 2,50
E Jc A = 0

x=8

3.

5,33

+
3,50

2,50

4,00

A
2

49