(8-9)

Assoc.Prof.Piya Kovintavewat, Ph.D.

Data Storage Technology Research Center
Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University
http://home.npru.ac.th/piya

Outline

LTI

..

(Fourier transform)

(spectrum)

..

CtFT: continuous-time Fourier transform

xp (t )

T1

T1

T1

T1

x (t )

..

 x p ( t )

xp (t ) =

ae

k =

jk0 t

1
ak =
T

T /2

x p ( t ) e jk0t dt

0 = 2 / T

T / 2

ak =

1
X ( jk0 )
T

ak xp(t)

1
1
x p ( t ) = X ( jk0 ) e jk0t =
2
k =
= T

X ( jk ) e

k=
=

jk0 t

..

..

..

..

..

Example
p 1

x(t )

0 368
0.368

1/ a

t
X ( j )

X ( j )

1/ a

/2

1
2a

/ 4

/ 2

..

/4
a

10

..

11

12

Example
p 2

..

..

13

Example
p 3

..

14

Exercise 1

..

15

..

16

..

17

..

18

Example
p 4

..

19

..

20

Example
p 5

x (t )

2T

T1 0

T1

2T

X ( j )

T1

T1
0 0 0

..

21

..

22

..

23

CtFT
CtFT
X ( j )
x ( t )

CtFT
y ( t )
Y ( j )

CtFT
ax ( t ) + by ( t )
aX ( j ) + bY ( j )

CtFT
x ( t t0 )
e jt0 X ( j )

CtFT
Ct
X ( j ( 0 ) )

e j t x ( t )
0

CtFT
X ( j )
x ( t )

d n x ( t ) CtFT
n

( j ) X ( j )
n
dt

( jt )
..

d n X ( j )

x ( t )
d n
CtFT

24

CtFT

x ( t )

j
X

1

X ( j )
2

x ( t ) = ( t / T1 )

=2
=1

= 0.5
1

1
1

4
2

1
4

1
2

0.5

CtFT
x ( t ) y ( t )
X ( j ) Y ( j )

CtFT
x (t ) y (t )

X ( j ) Y ( j )

CtFT
x ( t )
X ( j )

..

25

CtFT
X ( j )
x ( t )

CtFT
X ( t )
2 x ( j )

x ( ) d j X ( j ) + X ( 0) ( )
CtFT

1
CtFT
x ( t ) + x ( 0 ) ( t )
X ( j ) d
jt

x ( t ) dt = X ( 0)

1
2

..

X ( j ) d = x ( 0)

26

x (t )

E =

1
dt =
2

x ( t ) dt
2

X ( j ) d
2

1
E=
2

X ( j ) d
2

..

27

..

28

..

29

30

Example
p 5

..

Exercise 2

..

31

32

Example
p 6

..

..

33

LTI
LTI

d k y (t ) M
d k x (t )
= bk
ak

k
dt
dt k
k =0
k =0
N

..

34

Exercise 3

..

35

..

36

LTI

y ( t ) = Kx ( t td )

Y ( j ) = Ke jtd X ( j )

K td

Y ( j ) = Ke jtd X ( j )
LTI

..

H ( j ) = Ke jtd = H ( j ) e jH ( j )

37

38

Example
p 7

..

..

39

40

Exercise 4

..

..

41

42

Exercise 8

..

..

43

..

44

LTI

(pass band


(stop
( t bband)
d)

..

45

H ( j )

H ( j )

()

()
H ( j )

H ( j )

1
2

()

()

..

46

..

47

..

48

H ( j )

x (t )

y (t )

0.707

i (t )

f
fL

..

fR

fH

(Hz)

49

y (t )

x (t )

i (t )

..

50