(Technical Background Report)

:
*

31 2556


:
1.
(Digital Terrestrial Television, DTT)


(Analogue) 12-16
(Standard
Definition,
SD)
3-4
(High Definition, HD)
1 DVB-T2 (Digital
Video
Broadcasting

Second
Generation
Terrestrial)






(Digital
Compression Technique)

MPEG-2 MPEG-4
.
(Video Compression) (Audio Compression)
MPEG-4


5.1

 1




(Contents)


(Preference)

. . 2553
41
()
.

( . )

.
.

(Business-based Approach)
(Econometrics Approach) (Opportunity Cost Approach)
-3

 2

(Opportunity Cost Approach)
(Business-based Approach)

(Multiplexing
Fee)
(Transponder-related
Service
Charge)
(Facility Rental Charge) Detecon Asia Pacific

(.) (Network Service Charge)
Detecon Asia Pacific
.

Must Carry
4 2

3
4
5
.

2.
2.1

.. 2495 61
4
- 24 ..
2498
.
-4




.. 2501
7 -

. . 2 5 1 0

.. 2513 3 (
)
3 VHF 54-61 MHz




3
.. 2546
3 UHF
( . )
VHF


. . 2511
( . )

.

.
-5














5 7
Palapa



3
9 .


.. 2531 11 (... 11)

(JICA) ... 11



.. 2539

( )

.. 2550 (TITV)
TITV UHF
PAL-G

-6


29

6 3
( 5 9 . 11 )
2 ( 3 .
7
)
1
( Thai
PBS
)
9 8
98 AGB Nielsen
46

( ) 29 25
3 (
)
5 7 . 3 -6 4 . 6 ( AGB
Nielsen) 1
46

2.2


1

3 (
)

57.3 42.7
57.4

42.6

64.6 25.4 (:
31 2556)

-7

(Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting, DTTB)

DTTB
MPEG-2
(Digital Video BroadcastingSatellite DVB-S Digital Video BroadcastingCable DVB-C)
MPEG-2
55:1
(., 2552)





6


-8





(Transponder)

2.3
(International Telecommunication Union, ITU)
5
1) ATSC (American Advance Television Systems Committee) FCC
(Federal Communication Commission) .. 2542
ATSC
10
ATSC 6 MHz
8 MHz
7 8 MHz
2) DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial System)
.. 2541 PAL & SECAM Digital Video
Broadcasting
Project
(DVB)

DVB-T

DVB-T
. . 2541 120

3) ISDB-T (Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting Terrestrial)
.. 2542 ARIB (Association of Radio
Industries and Business) Digital Broadcasting Expert Group (DiBEG)

-9

 ISDB-T

(Multimedia)
(Data Broadcasting) ISDB-T ..
2546 5
4 ISDB-T
ISDB-T
International
SBTVD
7 ISDB-T
ISDB-T International
4) DTMB
(Digital
Terrestrial
Multimedia
Broadcast)
. . 2544

.. 2550 DTMB
3
5) DVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Second Generation Terrestrial)
Digital Video Broadcasting Project (DVB) DVBT

. .
2549

DVB-T
1.5

.. 2553 DVB-T2 38
DVB-T DVBT2 DVB-T2
( ITU)

. . 2 5 5 8

..2549
.. 2550 ..
2551 .. 2552 .. 2554

-10

2.4
.. 2538
DVB-S Digital Video Broadcasting
Satellite
MPEG-2
. . 2 5 3 9

3 ATSC
DVB-T
ISDB
. . 2 5 44
DVB-T
DVB-T




(.) 2540

2540
.. 2553


7 2554

.. 2553
.


.
1 ( . . 2 5 5 5 - 2 5 5 9 )
1 ( . . 2 5 5 5 - 2 5 5 9 )

5


-11

 4


( , 2555)

.

Digital Roadmap .. 2555 - 2559



(Digital Roadmap) .. 2555 - 2559 ( 1)

1 Digital Roadmap .. 2555 - 2559

: .. 2555

DVB-T2 (Digital Video

Broadcasting - Second Generation Terrestrial)
AMRI (ASEAN Ministers Responsible for Information) 11 1 2555
DVB-T2 2
DVB-T DVB-T2
DVB-T2

DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial ..
1 9 9 8 )
-12

 DVB-T
1.5
HD
FULL
HD

DVB-T2 17 35

DVB-T2

Set-TopBox
Digital
Roadmap
. . 2555-2559


( Set
Top
Box)

4

3. DTT
(Business-based Approach)
(Value Chain)


6



4 (
4
.. 2555
)
-13

) (Network)



) (Facility)



) (Service)

) (Application)
(Multimedia)

3.1
24 7
7 7 3
( 4 10 5 5
)2
(Service)

.

2

( Philosophy)

-14

(Network)



(Facility)

(Tower)
( Antenna
Combiner)3
(UHF
Antenna)

Gap
Filler



3

.

( HD
)

Antenna
Combiner

UHF
(Combiner)
UHF

http://www.tv5.co.th/dat5/dat5.php)

-15

( :

 / (Service
Provider)

(Studio
System)
(Video Signal) (Audio
Signal)
/ (Set Top Box,
STB) (SD)
(HD)
DVB-T2

/ STB


/ STB




/
(Cost-Sharing)

3.2
( SD, HD, ,
)
(Net
Present
Value,
NPV)
(Cash Flow
Approach)

(Time Value for
Money)
1)
2) (Discount Rate)
-16

3) projection
(Cash Flow Approach)

(NPV)
NPV =

(1)

Ct (Net Cash Flow) (Tax)

(Non-Cash
Expenses)

I0 (Initial
Investment) r (Discount Rate) (Risk Premium)

n
NPV

-17


(Advertising
Revenue)


(Content)

(Multiplexer) (Operating
Expense)

3.3

24
.




-18

:



24


( 3, 5, 7, 9 11) 2555
AGB Nielsen AGB Nielsen
Rate
Card


35

0 ( 1)
1-15
6 4
( ) 8 1
2-15 10 (Base Case) 12
(Scenario 1 (Non-Interest Revenues)
( Banking
Sector)
10
)5

4

12 2556
The Conference Board (Optimistic
Scenario) (TFP)
(Capital Services)
5

-19



(Mobile TV Service)
(Interactive TV Service) .
(Application)

( )
6






( )
( 2)
S-curve
7 .
(STB)

10
2544

3 1

-20

HD

1.20
1.00

0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00

10 11 12 13 14 15

2



(Prime
Time)
3
(1)
(3 7 9)
HD (2)
( 3)
(Unidentified)

PSI
Rating /
(3 7 9)
HD

-21

 10
1

( 3
7
9)

PSI
Rating
Platform


60 Platform


24

/

(Value
Chain)


3
()

(Other Operating Expenses)
() ()
(Network Service Charge) ( 3)7

STB UHF Antenna

-22

 3






(SD) (HD)

/ (HD)
15
SD
HD

1 7.86 13.65

-23

 2-15
10 3

( IT)


( IT)

5 8
1
6
11
5 6 11
80
(
)
SD
HD
3 9 1 (Initial Outlay at
year
0)




8

Studio

9

Studio 2
(Virtual Studio)
(Physical
Studio)

-24

(Network
Service
Charge)


(Multiplexing
Fee)
(Transponder-Related
Service
Charge)
(Facility Rental Charge)
Detecon Asia Pacific ( 18 2556)
( 1-4) 30
Must Carry 37 51
SD
HD
Must Carry 28
38 SD HD ( 4)
(HD) (SD)
HD SD
1-4
SD HD Detecon Asia Pacific
5 (Capital
Stock) 10 ( 6.65 )

-25

80

70

70
59

60
49

50

20

45
38

28

30

37

27

37

40

25

21

17

57
51

46

36

40

58

20

11

10
0
SD

HD

SD

Without "Must Carry" Rule

1

HD

With "Must Carry" Rule

3

( 1-4)

4 (Network Service Charge)

:

Detecon Asia Pacific (2013) DTT Wholesale Cost Study and Pricing: Cost-based Facility and Network Service
Charges

.
(Must Carry Rule)
TV Platform



Detecon
Asia
Pacific
Must Carry .




.


.


-26

 (. )

.



Fiber




HD
SD

HD SD


10
3.3125


4

(Discount Rate) 51
32
(Depreciation Rate) (Straight Line Method)
IT 5 15

-27

4. DTT
4.1

ACMA
(2009)
Randolph
(2011)
2

(Market-based Approach) (Direct Approach)
4.1.1 (Market-based Approach)

(ACMA, 2009)
(Company Values)

(Secondary Market)
Capacity Sales
3

1

(Market
Transactions)

()

(Company
Values)

Capacity sales

(Capacity Sales)
Capacity Sales Price

: ACMA (2009)

-28





4.1.2 (Direct Approach)
(Direct
Approach)
2

(Net Present Value, NPV) (Least Cost
Alternative, LCA) ( 4)

NPV

Least
Cost
Alternative
(ACMA, 2009)
(Platform)
(Alternative
TV
Platform)

( 24 ) 10 Least Cost Alternative

2 Direct Approach

4
(NPV)

10

TV Platform TV Platform

-29



(Net Present Value
NPV)

NPV
NPV
NPV =

Least Cost Alternative Least
Cost
Alternative
(LCA)

(LCA)

(Digital
Terrestrial
Television:
DTT)

Television Platform (Least Cost Alternative)


DTT (Cost Saving)
Platform
(Least Cost Alternative)

: ACMA (2009)

4.2
Least
Cost
Alternative
(LCA)

11 2 5 LCA
(VA) = LCA DTT

11

: The Application of Social and Economic Values to Spectrum

Management

-30

(2)

 5 Least Cost Alternative (LCA)

LCA 6

1

24
2

2

(Zero Price)


24


3

3 (Alternative TV Platform)
( 24

)

4


-31



5 (Present Value) TV Platform
TV
Platform

Least Cost Alternative Least Cost Alternative

6 (Cost Saving) DTT

(Least
Cost
Alternative)

24

4.3 (Alternative Television Platform)

. . 2551
2

3 5 7 9 NBT
ThaiPBS .


(Broadcasting
Platform)
2
(Satellite
TV)
(Cable TV)

TV Platform 3

-32


12

C-Band KU-Band



2
13

()
(CATV)

Coaxial Cable
( ()) 2553
()
800,000 2553
1,705,054 929,492

12

(Wi-Fi)

: /
/
13

-33

6
:

6

Coaxial Cable

. .
6.5 14
350 800 500
(1) 33.33
(2) (3) . 3 (4)
14

-34

 (5) . 1

2 15
(MATV
SMATV)


(Antenna)

( Indoor
Amplifier)

Content
Coaxial Cable Trunk Amplifier Fiber Optic


16
1. (Head End) (Video) (Audio) A/V
Modulator A/V
RF (Radio Frequency) RF
Audio
Equalizer

(Combiner)
Modulator
Amp
(Transmitter) Amp
15

: (8888) ()

16

: Leo Technology and

Marketing Co. Ltd.

-35

 RF Transmitter RF
Fiber Optic


Free
to
Air
(FTA)

Free
to
Air
5

3

/
True

IPM

True

CTH

Ten TV

Sun

Live

ASTV

Next Step

True

CTH

TTT

Live

30

15

30

40

Agency/

Agency//S
ME

SME

Agency/

2. (Main Distribution) RG11 (Coaxial Cable)

Trunk Amplifier (Capacity) Trunk Amplifier
550 MHz 1 GHz
Fiber Optic Fiber Optic
-36

 RG11 Trunk Amplifier 200-220

Node (Branch Out) RG11
3.
Fiber Optic RG11
(Set-Top Box)

17 (Satellite-based
Communication)





Footprint

( 7)

17

: (Satellite System)

https://docs.google.com/document/edit?id=1XCsP7ixBy3PsTqYd9d5GL0sDiWfiSUwJlokRjz0WVY&hl=en

-37

 7
: https://docs.google.com/document/edit?id=1XCsP7ixBy3PsTqYd-9d5GL0sDiWfiSUwJlokRjz0WVY&hl=en

( Uplink)

( Downlink)


1.

(1) (Antenna)

-38


KU-Band CBand (Gain)

(Azimuth) (Elevation) (2)
(High Power Amplifier, HPA) (3)
(Low Noise Amplifier, LNA)

Noise Temperature (4)
(Up Converter) (Down Converter)
IF
RF
IF

2.
(1) (2)
(3) (4) (5)




(Transponder)
Transponder
( Polarization)
( Vertical)

( Horizontal)


2


C-Band
KU-Band


(Effective Isotropic Radiated Power, EIRP)
decibel Watt (dBW) EIRP
KU-Band
EIRP
C-Band
-39

 C-Band
(Diameter)
18
KU-Band C-Band KU-Band


KU-Band
C-Band
C-Band
( C-Band 2 - 3.5
0.8 - 1.5 KU-Band)
3.
3 (1) (Satellite
Dish) (2) (Low Noise Block Down Converter, LNB) (3)
(Receiver)

(Service
Provider) (Content)
19 (Multiplexer, MUX)
TOT
CAT (Facility Provider)
( Network
Provider)



18

http://www.psisat.com/download/psi_book/06_install/01-basic.pdf
19

Multiplexer

Head
End DVB-T2

-40

MPEG4

. (Facility)
(Network)

(Content)

(1) (Tower)
(2) Antenna Combiner
(3) (High-power transmitters)


(4)
(5) Gap
Filler

(6)
(Leased Line) TOT
CAT
(7) Monitoring
(8) UHF Antenna
(9) (Set-top Box) DVB-T2 (8 MHz)
(Standard Definition: SD)
(High Definition: HD)

(Transmission
System)




(UHF Antenna) (Set Top
Box,
STB)
STB

-41

4.4
Least
Cost
Alternative
(LCA)
TV Platform


(Broadcast) 17 SD 7 HD
TV
Platform
/
24

TV Platform
(Business
Scale)

TV Platform

15

15

4.5

24
( (SD) 17 (HD)
7 ) (Fiber Optic Link)
(Multiplexer)
TV Platform

Multiplexer


IT TV Platform
4.4
-42




(Transmission System)
(Set Top Box) (UHF
Antenna)
( 8) (Network
Charge)
(Facility Rental Fee)
Set Top Box UHF Antenna

8

( (I.)
8) 20
20

Fiber

Optic

-43

Microwave

 (Uplink Services) Transponder

Compression21
22

(Transmission System) ( (II.) 8)

( . ) Detecon
Asia
Pacific
(Multiplexing
Fee)
(Transponder-Related
Service
Charge)
(Facility Rental Charge) 1-4
Detecon Asia Pacific 6
1-4 Must Carry
Must Carry 78, 48, 24 18
4 (
) 1-4 ( : / / )

Standard Definition (SD)

11.00

17.00

36.00

49.00

High Definition (HD)

21.00

27.00

46.00

59.00

Standard Definition (SD)

19.58

25.16

44.64

57.82

High Definition (HD)

37.38

39.96

57.04

69.62

Must Carry:

Must Carry:

21

Transponder

Uplink

Compression

Detecon Asia Pacific

22

Detecon Asia Pacific

-44

: Detecon Asia Pacific (2013) DTT Wholesale Cost Study and Pricing: Cost-based Facility and Network Service
Charges

(Multiplexing
Fee)
Detecon Asia Pacific
3
7

Transponder
5-15
(Capital Stock) 10 ( 6.65 ) Transponder
(Uplink
Services)
Compression
10 (
3.3125 )
5 1-4 ( : )

26.96

34.66

35.36

34.64

Transponder

43.48

28.41

14.49

10.89

29.57

36.93

49.86

54.47

: Detecon Asia Pacific (2013) DTT Wholesale Cost Study and Pricing: Cost-based Facility and Network Service
Charges

(Set Top Box, STB) (

(III.)

8)

DVB-T2 (8 MHz) Set Top Box
DVB-T2 (8 MHz) 22
Set Top Box 22

-45

 (Moores Law)

2 -7
(Straight line) 1

(UHF Antenna) ( (IV.)
8) UHF Antenna
(Outdoor) 22
UHF Antenna 22 UHF
Antenna
( )
(Compensate)
( Economies
of
Scale)

S-curve UHF Antenna 2-7
1


Multiplexer
(Teleport) (Transponder) (Uplink
Services) Compression ( 9)

-46

 9

(Leased Line) (Multiplexer)
(Teleport) Fiber Optic
Point-to-Point
( (I.)
9)
HD SD 20
10
( 3.3125 )
23 (Transponder)

Transponder Uplink Compression ( (II.) 9) 2-15

23

Transponder

Uplink

Compression

Detecon Asia Pacific 2

Must Carry Must Carry

-47

 10 (
3.3125 )
(1)
(Satellite Dish) KU-Band (2)
(LNB) (3) (Receiver) (4)
( (III.)
9)
22



22 Scurve


7
(
LNB )
2-7
1


(Economies of Scale) Well
developed

( 10)
Fiber Optic
Coaxial Cable RG11 22
Node Set Top Box
Fiber Optic ( (I.)
10) (
) () 2554


-48

 ( ADSL FTTX) ( Wi-Fi 3G)

Fiber
Optic

4 24 ( 2.395 ) ( () 25512554)

10
Node Coaxial Cable (RG11)
22 ( (II.) 10) 2
RG11
( )

24

-49

 3
RG11
Set
Top
Box
( (III.)
10)
22 Set Top Box
22
Set
Top
Box

5. .


( Philosophy)
(SD) 7
(HD) 7 7
3

( (SD) 10 (HD) 4
5 5 )
3


.
3
(
)




( / )

(Equity Issue)
-50



( Economic
Rent)

.

/
(Bidder Asymmetry)
(Minimum)


.

.
.
(Equity)
( Allocative
Efficiency)

4

1
2 3
3
( HD ) .



( Nominee)
(
)


-51



Must Carry




.
.

(Public Policy Issues)
( Content)

5+1

(Multiplexer)




. 48
.

(
( ) )

.
.
()
-52

 .
(Service Sharing)

(Gap Filler)

-53

. 2555.
(Executive Summary) :
.
http://www.drnatee.com/images/download/
executivesummary1.pdf (15 2556)
. 2554. 3 . .
http://www.catvthai.com/index.php ( 15 2556)
(.. 2555)
. 2553. (Asian & TV Digitalization).
http://precadet26.org/Msgboard/MsgView.php? Page=136& (10 2556)
. 2554. Annual Report 2010/2011.
. 2555.
.
. 2552. .
http://dtv.mcot.net/ (12 2556)

Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) (2009). Opportunity Cost Pricing of
Spectrum: Public consultation on administrative pricing for spectrum based on opportunity cost.
Retrieved on September 19, 2012 from www.acma.gov.au
Randolph, K.M. (2011). Spectrum Licenses: Valuation Intricacies. Valuation and Financial Options Group,
Stout Risius Ross (SRR). Retrieved on September 26, 2012 from
http://www.srr.com/assets/pdf/spectrum-licenses-valuation-intricacies.pdf
Committee on Telecommunications (1970). The Application of Social and Economic Values to Spectrum
Management. Retrieved on February 10, 2013 from

-54

http://books.google.co.th/books?id=CjMrAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summ
ary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false

(http://www.tv5.co.th/dat5/dat5.php)
(http://www.psisat.com/download/psi_book/06_install/01-basic.pdf)
(http://www.charoencabletv.com/index.php?option=com_content&view= article&
id=93&Itemid=81)
(Satellite System) (https://docs.google.com/document/edit?id=1XCsP7ixBy3Ps TqYd9d5GL0sDiWfiSUwJlokRjz0WVY&hl=en)
(http://202.129.32.62/training/cable_bb/cablebasic.pps)

-55