106 0 CHAPTER 5

5.50

A 48-in-diameter steel pipe, 4 in thick, carries oil of s.g. = 0.822 under a head of 400 ft of oil. Compute the

(a) stress in the steel and (b) thickness of steel required to carry a pressure of 250 psi with an allowable stress of
18 000 psi.

p = yh = [(0.822)(62.4)](400) = 20 517 lb/ft 2 or 142.5 lb/in 2

(a)

a = (142.5)(48/2)

a=
pr
t

13 680 psi
1

(b)

(250)(48/2)

b)
5.51

18 000 =

t = 0.333 in

A wooden storage vat, 20 ft in outside diameter, is filled with 24 ft of brine, s.g. = 1.06. The wood staves are
bound by flat steel bands, 2 in wide by 4 in thick, whose allowable stress is 16 000 psi. What is the spacing of the
bands near the bottom of the vat, neglecting any initial stress? Refer to Fig. 5-44.

I Force P represents the sum of all the horizontal components of small forces dP acting on length y of the vat,
and forces T represent the total tension carried in a band loaded by the same length y.

EF

2T P

=0

=0

T = Asteelasteel = [(2)(1)](16

p = yhA = [(1.06)(62.4)1(24)(20y) = 31749y

000) = 8000 lb

(2)(8000) 31 '749y = 0

y = 0.504 ft or 6.05 in

Fig. 5-44

5.52

A 4.0-in-ID steel pipe has a 14-in wall thickness. For an allowable tensile stress of 10 000 psi, what is the
maximum pressure?

pr
a = t
5.53

10 000 =

(p)(4.0/2)

p = 1250 lb/in2

A thin-walled hollow sphere 3.5 m in diameter holds gas at 1700 kPa. For an allowable stress of 50 000 kPa,
determine the minimum wall thickness.
Considering half a sphere of diameter d (3.5 m) and thickness t, (zdt)(a) = (p)(nd2 /4),
[(x)(3.5)(t)](50 000) = 1700[00(3.5) 2/41, t = 0.02975 m, or 29.75 mm.

5.54

A cylindrical container 8 ft high and 3 ft in diameter is reinforced with two hoops a foot from each end. When it
is filled with water, what is the tension in each hoop due to the water?
/ See Fig. 5-45. F = yhA = 62.4[(0 + 8)/2][(8)(3)] = 5990 lb. F acts at (3)(8), or 5.333 ft from the top of the
container.

EFx= 0
27; + 27.2 5990 = 0

E M =0
A

(1)

(2T2)(1.667) (271)(4.333) = 0
T2 = 2.60T,

Solve simultaneous equations (1) and (2). 2T1 + (2)(2.60T1) 5990 = 0, T1= 832 lb, T2 = (2.60)(832) = 2163 lb.

(2)