Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

MODUL KECEMERLANGAN AKADEMIK

TERENGGANU TERBILANG 2007
PROGRAM PRAPEPERIKSAAN SPM

SCIENCE
FORM 4

MODULE 4
Catatan: R : Aras Rendah
S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Instructions: Each questions is followed by four choices of answers. Choose the best
answer for each question.
R

Which of the following is true about a physical change?

A It involves a change in the arrangement of particles
B It is an irreversible change
C It produces a new substance
D It needs a lot of energy

Which of the following are examples of chemical changes?

I Burning of magnesium in air
II Condensation of steam
III Heating of calcium carbonate
A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and III only
D I, II and III

Which of the following is true about the difference between chemical and physical
changes?

A
B
C
D

Physical change
Reversible
New substance is formed
Plenty of energy is required
Permanent change

The following are examples of exothermic reactions except

A neutralization of an acid by an alkali
B respiration in the body cells
C the combustion of fuels
D photosynthesis

The above equation shows a part of a reaction that occurs in the Haber process.
Which of the following statements are true concerning this reaction?
I The reaction is exothermic
II The optimum temperature is 450oC 500oC
III The suitable pressure is 200atm
IV Iron catalyst increases the reaction rate
A I only
B I and II only
C I, II and III only
D I, II, III and IV

Chemical change
Irreversible
No new substance is
formed
Little energy is required
Non-permanent change

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

When solid potassium chloride dissolves in water, the temperature of the mixture
falls. What conclusion can you derive from this information?
A The reaction is exothermic
B The reaction is endothermic
C All solids dissolve with fall in temperature
D Very little potassium chloride is soluble in water

Which of the following liquids is used to store potassium?

A Oil
B Water
C Vinegar
D Ethanol

Which of the following metals will displace zinc from zinc sulphate solution?
A Magnesium
B Copper
C Lead
D Iron

The diagram below shows the apparatus used to study the reaction of magnesium,
iron and copper with oxygen.

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Which of the following observations are true?

Metal
Magnesium

II

Iron

III Copper

A
B
C
D

Observation
Burns brightly with a
white flame
Moderately reactive,
glows brightly
Most reactive, burns
brightly

I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II and III

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

10 The diagram below shows a chemical reaction.

R

dilute sulphuric acid

zinc foil
What is the gas released?
A Oxygen
B Hydrogen
C Carbon dioxide
D Nitrogen dioxide

11 A piece of zinc is placed into the hydrochloric acid and gas released is collected as
shown in the diagram below.

The time taken to collect 5cm3 of gas is recorded. This experiment is repeated with
magnesium and iron, which are the same amount as zinc.
Which of the following shows the correct comparison of time to collect 5cm3 of gas
for each experiment?

A
B
C
D

Zinc
30
60
60
10

Time recorded/s
Magnesium
Iron
10
60
10
30
30
10
60
30

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

12 The diagram below shows the extraction of iron in the blast furnace.
R

waste gases
substance
P
+
haematite
+
coke
hot air
slag
A
B
C
D

hot air
molten iron

Iron
Carbon
Oxygen
Limestone

13 The process in which electrical energy is used to break down a chemical compound
is known as
R
A anode
B cathode
C electrolyte
D electrolysis
14 The diagram below shows electroplating of an iron spoon.
S

What is
A
B
C
D

solution X?

Silver nitrate
Iron (II) sulphate
Aluminium nitrate
Copper (II) sulphate

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

15 The diagram below shows the apparatus used to study the electrolysis of molten
lead (II) bromide.

Which of the following happens?

I A brown gas is released at the anode
II A shiny grey metal is produced at the cathode
III The ammeter shows a reading
A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and III only
D I, II and III

Calcium and copper can extract P from its

oxides.
Q can extract calcium from its oxides.
Calcium can extract metal R from its oxide
metals.
Copper cannot extract R from its oxide

16 Information above shows the extraction of metal P, Q and R from their oxides. Which
of the following shows the correct sequence of the metal reactivity in descending
S
order?
A P,Q,R
B P,R,Q
C Q,P,R
D Q,R,P

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

17 The diagram below shows a simple cell which is connected to an ammeter.

T

Which of the following pairs of electrodes, P and Q and electrolyte will give reading
on the ammeter?
P
A
B
C
D

Zinc
Copper
Aluminium
Tin

Electrolyte
Dilute hydrochloric acid
Sugar solution
Copper (II) chloride
Methylbenzene

Zinc
Zinc
Copper
Lead

18 What type of battery is used in cars?

A Nickel-cadmium battery
R
B Acid-lead accumulator
C Silver oxide battery
D Alkaline battery

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

19
S

Which of the following statement is true about the dry cell shown in the above
figure?
I Zinc cover is a negative terminal
II Carbon rod is a positive terminal
III Manganese dioxide acts as an electrolyte
A
B
C
D

I only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II and III

20 The figure below shows the set-up of experiment which is placed in sunlight for 5
hours.
S

What is gas P?
A Oxygen
B Nitrogen
C Hydrogen
D Carbon dioxide

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
Section A
1

Diagram 1 shows the apparatus set up to study the reaction between zinc and dilute
hydrochloric acid. A gas is produced and collected in a burette.

Diagram 1

The experiment is carried out for 10 minutes and the volume of gas is recorded every 2
minutes. The results are shown in Table 1.
Time (minutes)
Volume of gas (cm 3)

0
0

2
10

4
20

6
30

8
40

10
50

Table 1
R

a) Write down one observation for the above experiment.

[1 mark]
b) State one responding variable in this experiment.

[1 mark]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

c)

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

(i) Based on Table 1, draw a graph to show the relationship between the
volume of gas and the reaction time.

[2 marks]
S

d) What is the relationship between the volume of gas and the reaction time?

[2 marks]
e) Predict the volume of gas collected by the twelfth minute.
..
[2 marks]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

10

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Diagram 2 shows an arrangement of the apparatus in an experiment to study the

production of electrical energy. Aluminium and lead are used in the experiment.

Diagram 2
The experiment is repeated by using other pairs of metals. The voltmeter reading is
recorded in Table 2.
Pair of metals
Voltmeter reading/V
Zinc and lead
0.6
Lead and lead
0.0
Table 2
R

a) Write down the voltmeter reading with the appropriate unit for the pair of metals,
aluminium and lead.

[1 mark]
b) What can you infer from the deflected voltmeter needle?

[1 mark]
c) State the variables in this experiment.
(i)

Manipulated variable:

(ii)

Responding variable:
[2 marks]

d) Predict the voltmeter reading when a pair of aluminium plates are used.

[1 mark]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

11

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Diagram 3 shows an experiment to study endothermic reaction

Diagram 3
The result of the experiment is recorded in Table 3.
Material

Temperature (oC)

Water

30

Water + Ammonium nitrate

R

(a) Complete table 3.

(b)

.................................

Table 3
[1 mark]

Write down one inference based on Table 3.

..............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) State the variables in this experiment.
(i)
manipulated variable:
...................................................................................................................................
(ii) responding variable:

....................................................................................................................................
2 marks]
(d) What is the operational definition of endothermic reaction?
...................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

12

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Section B
4

Diagram 4 shows the apparatus set-up for electroplating an iron spoon.

Diagram 4
R

a) Name the process that is used to electroplate the iron spoon as shown in
Diagram 4.

[1 mark]
b) State the material that is used as

i)

Anode : .

ii) Cathode: .
[2 marks]
S

b) What solution can be used as an electrolyte in this electroplating process?

..
[1 mark]
c)
The switch is left for 30 minutes. What can be observed at

d)

i)

the iron spoon?

ii)

the copper plate?

...
[2 marks]
Give one use of electroplating.

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

13

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

[1 mark]
Diagram 5 shows the apparatus to investigate the production of electrical energy
from a simple cell.

Diagram 5

a) Suggest a suitable substance which can be used as the solution.

[1 mark]
b) Label the negative and positive electrodes of the cell in Diagram 5.
[2 marks]
c) What will be the effect on the voltage if the following changes are made in the
apparatus?
i)

Zinc is used to replace copper

.
ii) Silver is used to replace copper

iii) Copper is used to replace magnesium

[3 marks]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

14

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Diagram 6 shows an experiment to study the reactivity of metals with oxygen.

Diagram 6
The observations of the experiment is shown in Table 4.
Metal
Magnesium
Aluminium
Zinc
Copper

Observation
Burns vigorously with bright light
Burns moderately
Burns slowly
Glows dimly
Table 4

a) What is the function of the

i)

potassium manganate (VII)?

ii)

.
glass wool?

.
[2 marks]
c) Name the products which are formed when metals reacts with oxygen.
R

[1 mark]
d) Based on the observations, arrange the reactivity of metals with oxygen in
ascending order.

[1 mark]
e) Write a word equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.

..
[1 mark]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

15

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Diagram 7 shows an electrolysis to split up copper (II) chloride.

Diagram 7
R

a) What are electrodes L and M made of?

[1 mark]
b) Which is the positive electrode?

[1 mark]
c) Does the galvanometer shows a reading before the copper (II) chloride is
melted? Why?

[2 marks]
d) What is formed at the
i)

anode?
.

ii) cathode?
.
[2 marks]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

16

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

Section C
8

Study the following statement:

Different metals react with acid at different rates.

You are given a tripod stand, evaporating dish, Bunsen burner, spatula, magnesium
powder, zinc powder, copper powder and dilute sulphuric acid.
(a) Suggest a hypothesis to investigate the above statement.
[1 mark]

(b) Describe an experiment to test your hypothesis based on the following criteria:
R

(i) Aim of the experiment

(ii) Identification of variables

[2 marks]

(iii) List of apparatus and materials

[1 mark]

(iv) Procedure

[4 marks]

(v) Tabulation of data

[1 mark]

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

[1 mark]

17

Science Form 4

Modul 4 Bimbingan EMaS

9
S

Chapter 5 ;Energy and Chemical Changes

There are two types of change in matter, physical change and chemical change.
a) State three characteristics and one example of a physical change.
[4 marks]
Diagram 8 shows chemical changes in three different substances.

Burning of copper
(II) carbonate

Rusting of iron nail

Burning of paper
Diagram 8

b) Study the information in Diagram 8 and construct the concept of chemical

change.

Your answer should be based on the following steps;

Identify the information

[1 mark]

Identify two common characteristics

[2 marks]

Develop an initial concept

[1 mark]

Give another example and a non-example in relation to the concept

[1 mark]

State the actual concept

Catatan: R : Aras Rendah

S: Aras Sederhana
T : Aras Tinggi

[1 mark]

18

Science Form 4