Managed Pressure Drilling

Society of Petroleum Engineers- Ghana

Kenny Thomson

KennyThomson

To Give an introduction to
Transocean and our operations in Ghana
Ghana
I t d
Introduce
M
Managed
d Pressure
P
Drilling
D illi

Explain Conventional drilling

E l i M
Explain
Managed
dP
Pressure D
Drilling
illi
Advantages of MPD
MPD Equipment and Rig Considerations
MPD risks and control measures
MPD Rewards
History / Future of MPD

Close with Questions and Discussion

3

129 Offshore drilling units

50 Offices and Training centres
30 Countries
C
6 of the worlds 7 Continents

50 High-Specification
Floaters
25 Mid-Water
Mid Water Floaters

9 High
High-Spec
Spec Jack
Jack-Ups
Ups
44 Standard Jack-ups

2 Ultra Deepwater Drillships

g
p Jack-Ups
p
4 High-Spec
Under Construction
5

G lf off Guinea
Gulf
G i
Region
R i

DSP

MTR
ENR

MAR

Region Summary

702
BAL

ADX
135MGLHi7
AD9

JRY

Ultra
Ult D
Deepwater
t Drillships
D ill hi 2
Semi Submersibles 4
Jack-Ups 6
6

GSF Monitor

Jack-up rig
pp
Bottom Supported
25ft-400ft Water
Depth
Cte d'Ivoire

Transocean Marianas
Sedco Energy

Basic spec

ENR
Semi-Submersible
Dynamically positioned
7500ft of water

MAR
Semi-Submersible
M
Moored
d
7000ft of water

Discoverer Spirit

Dynamically positioned
10,000ft of water
Self Propelled
Drill ship
Liberia

Transocean People
18,000+
,
Employees
p y
g
globally
y
Transocean will be Universally recognized for
innovation and excellence in unlocking the worlds
offshore resources
We will be our
Customers trusted
partner and their
p
preferred solution
Provider
10

MPD Definition
e to
An adaptive drilling process used to precisely
control the annular pressure profile
throughout the wellbore

IInternationalAssociationof
t
ti
lA
i ti
f
DrillingContractors

11

Conventional Surface
Eq.
Top
Drive

Shaker
Mud
Pump

Mud Pit

12

Conventional Drilling

Drillingfluidpumpeddownstring
Returnsbackupannulustosurface
p

Drilling fluid provides a barrier against

formation pressure
BlowOut
Preventor

Formation
Pressure

To Prevent influx to the wellbore:

Bottom Hole Pressure must be greater than
Formation Pressure

BHP = Phyd + Pcirc

BHP Pf
13

Drilling Window
TheoreticalWellProfilewithstraightlines

LessthanPore
Pressure=Influx
to Wellbore
toWellbore

Well
Depth

Fracture
Pressure
Pore Pressure
PorePressure

Drilling
Window

Pressure

Greaterthan
FracturePressure
=Breakdownof
formationie Fluid
losses

14

Connections
While drilling:

BHP = Phyd
y + Pcirc
Top Drive,
Rotates and
circulates fluid
through drill
string

Drill pipes
racked

When stopping circulation for Connections:

BHP = Phyd + Pcirc

Connection
Well
Depth
Fracture
Pressure
BottomHole
Pressure
PorePressure

Top of drill string

Pressure

15

Real life well diagram

NarrowDrilling
Narrow
Drilling
Window
Cannotaffordto
loosethe
pressure from
pressurefrom
Circulation,will
takeaninflux

Wellll
W
Depth

Fracture
Cannotincrease
Pressure mud
muddensity,will
density, will
PorePressure

breakdown
formation

Pressure
16

Real life well diagram

ThisWellis
UnDrillable!
Un

Fault

Wellll
W
Depth

Shale

Narrow
DrillingWindow

NarrowDrilling
Narrow
Drilling
Window
Cannotaffordto
loosethe
pressure from
pressurefrom
Circulation,will
takeaninflux

Fracture
Cannotincrease
Pressure mud
muddensity,will
density, will

Sand

PorePressure

breakdown
formation

Pressure
17

MPD
Can make
C
k P
Previously
i
l U
Un-drillable
d ill bl
wells, Drillable.

Two main reasons:

Constant Circulation through connections
y
, back pressure
p
applied
pp
Pressurised fluid system,
at surface to act through entire system
Constant and Controlled Bottom Hole
Pressure throughout entire section.

18

Advantages of MPD
SurfaceBackPressure

DrillingwithMPD
g
FluidDensity
+Friction
+backpressure

DrillthroughNarrow
DrillingWindows
NolossinBottomHole
Pressure during
Pressureduring
connections

Well
Depth
Staticweight:
Fluiddensity

Increasedvisibilityof
unfavourablewell
conditions
Greatercontrolofdown
b
bottomholepressure
h l

Pressure

19

MPD Surface Eq.

Top
Drive
Constant
circulation

Mud Gas
separator

Shaker

3Part
TelescopicJoint

Mud Pit

Mud
Pump

RCD
(RotatingCirculatingDevice)

SurfaceAnnular
FlowSpool
Topof
MarineRiser

Choke
manifold

20

MPD Equipment
Circulating Subs
Addition to Drill floor
mud manifold
Side entry subs on top
of each drill pipe
stand
Drilling fluid routed
through Side inlet
hose during
connections

Nextstand
Next
stand
ofDrillpipe

Check
Valves

Sideinlet
hose
21

MPD Equipment
Rotating circulating device; RCD
Positioned in Marine riser string
near surface
Sealing elements are tight
against drillpipe

Sealing
elements
sealaround
drillpipe

Bearing
rotates with
rotateswith
drillpipe

Elements housed in bearing

which
c rotates
otates with
t d
drillpipe
p pe
System is pressurized below
RCD
Prevents
returns fluid
returnsfluid
passingup
theannulus

22

MPD Equipment
Flow Spool
Spool, Surface Annular
Flow spool directs returning fluid from annulus
through flexible flow lines
RCD

Surface
Surface
annular
p
FlowSpool
Flowlines

Topof
Marine
Riser

Surface annular in place in case of emergency where

annulus pressure mayy exceed RCD pressure rating.
g
Annular can be closed to work on RCD while
maintaining pressurised system

23

MPD Equipment
Choke Manifold
Downstream
fluidflow

Coriolis
meter

All returns fluid passes

through Choke Manifold
Hydraulic chokes are where
surface back pressure is
applied
Coriolis Mass flow meter

Flowline
hoses

All fluid downstream of

Choke Manifold is
atmospheric pressure

24

MPD Equipment
Mud Gas Separator,
Separator cuttings cleaning
MGS

If gas is detected in returns fluid,

it is routed through MGS
Gas is vented up to highest
point on rig at tip of derrick
Fluid continues to Shakers
where solids are removed
Everything thereafter is the
same as conventional drilling

25

MPD Equipment
Control and Display system

FlowIn

Back
Pressure

Choke
position

FlowOut

26

Rig Considerations

MPD equipment in moonpool

Non MPD moonpool

ChokeManifold
T l
TelescopicJoint
i J i t
RCD
SurfaceAnnular
Flow Spool
FlowSpool
TopofMarineRiser
27

Rig Considerations
E
Each
h rig
i iis unique
i
with
ith diff
differentt d
designs
i
and
d equipment
i
t
MPD compatibility is a large scale engineering project

28

Rig Considerations
Non standard operation
p
MPD rig up in moonpool
We introduce new
Operating procedures,
Testing regimes,
Maintenance plans and
Rig up procedures
New to our crews, training
and familiarisation is
essential.
essential
Training helps ensure a
safe and efficient
operation

29

Risks of MPD &

Controls in place
No Static flow check

Example Signature tests and trends observed

Downhole problems may

be masked by Constant
Circulation and Surface
Pressure
Controls:
Signature testing
provides expected
trends
Close monitoring of
trends carried out by
MPD operator

30

Risks of MPD &

C
Controls
in place
SurfaceBackPressure

DrillingwithMPD
g

Loss of back pressure

or circulation

Well will go
underbalance
Influx may be taken

FluidDensity
+Friction
+backpressure

Well
Depth

Controls:
Redundancy of
circulating equipment
Two chokes in choke
manifold

Staticweight:
Fluiddensity

Pressure

Risks of MPD &

C
Controls
in place
Plugging of surface equipment
Controls:
Built in redundancy
Flushing points

6
Fl li
Flowlines
18Marine
Riser

4Choke
Manifold

6linesbackto
shakers
32

Rewards of MPD
Thisis
is to
Scale!!

Early Kick Detection

People

Assets
Environment

33

MPD History

PMCD
CBHP

Rig Name

Rig Type

Location

Customer

Year

Application

Status

Trident 8

Jack Up

Cabinda

Gulf

2003

PMCD

Completed

Sedco 601

Semi Sub

Indonesia

Santos

2004

PMCD w/ Surface BOP

Completed

Sedco 601

Semi Sub

Indonesia

Santos

2005 - 2006

PMCD w/ Risercap

Completed

Roger W. Mowell

Jack Up

Malaysia

Talisman

2006 - 2007

CBHP

Completed

Constellation II

Jack Up

Egypt

BP

2007

CBHP HPHT
CBHP,

Completed

High Island VII

Jack Up

Gabon

Total

2007

CBHP, HPHT

Completed

Deepwater Frontier

DP Drillship

India

Reliance

2007

CBHP, Concentric Riser

Completed

Actinia

Semi Sub

India

Reliance

2008

CBHP, Concentric Riser

Completed

Arctic III

Semi Sub

Libya

ENI

ECD, HPHT, Reconfigurable Riser

Completed

Harvey H. Ward

Jack Up

Malaysia

Talisman

2009

CBHP

Completed

Shelf Explorer

Jack Up

Malaysia

Talisman

2009

CBHP

Completed

Trident IX

Jack Up

Indonesia

Pearl

2010

UBD (Low Head Drilling)

Completed

Sedco 601

Semi Sub

Malaysia

Petronas

2010

CBHP

Completed

GSF Explorer

DP Drillship

Indonesia

MSEC

2010 - 2011

CBHP, PMCD, Riser Degassing

Ongoing

GSF Rig 135

Semi Sub

Nigeria

Addax

2011 - 2012

CBHP, HPHT

Completed

Actinia

Semi Sub

Malaysia

Petronas

2011 - 2012

PMCD w/Risercap

Completed

Marianas

Semi Sub

Ghana

ENI

2012

CBHP, HP

Completed

HH Ward

Jack Up

Indonesia

Pertamina

2012

PMCD

Ongoing

PressurizedMudCapDrilling
ConstantBottomHolePressure

HPHT
UBD

2008 - 2009

HighPressureandHighTemperature
UnderBalancedDrilling

34

MPD Future / CAPM

C
Constant
t t Annular
A
l P
Pressure M
Managementt

CAPM is a Transocean product

D lG
Dual
Gradient
di t D
Drillingilli
Hi h d
Higher
density
it d
down h
hole,
l lilighter
ht flfluid
id iin marine
i riser
i
Closed circulating system for enhanced kick detection

BendingtheCurve
g
inDeepwater
35

Sunset,April13th 2012
TransoceanMarianas

To Give and introduction to Transocean and our operations in Ghana

Introduce
Introduce Managed Pressure Drilling
Advantages:
ConstantBottomHolePressure
NavigateNarrowDrillingWindows
EarlyKickDetection

Questions?
Response
Discussion.

36

Contact details:
Managed Pressure Drilling
in Gulf of Guinea
Kenny
y Thomson ((Nigeria)
g
)
Kenny.Thomson@Deepwater.com
+234 813 767 4883

Ghana Human Resources

Enquiries
Sheila Ocansey
y (Ghana)
(
)
Sheila.Ocansey@deepwater.com
+233 302 743906

Managed
g Pressure Drilling
g
and CAPM
Iain Sneddon (UK)
Iain.Sneddon@Deepwater.com
+44 1224 427759

Managed
g Pressure Drilling
g
and CAPM
John Kozicz (US)
john.kozicz@Deepwater.com
+1 713/232-7388

37