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Ngoi ra, RAC cn cung cp cho chng ta cc cng c hiu chnh ty dc ti cc im,
cc cnh ca sn. Truy cp t th ng cnh > pano Shape Editing.
-Add Point: thm cc im bt k trn mt sn.
-Add Split Line: thm cc ng phn chia trn mt
sn.
-Pick Supports: pick chn dm, nu dm c cao
khc vi sn, dc s c to ra.
-Modify Sub Elements: sau khi thm im hoc ng phn chia(Add Point/Add Split
Line), ta dng cng c ny xc nh cao ca im/ng phn chia.
-Reset Shape: hy to dc, a mt sn v li nguyn dng.

*Lu : khi ta v mi hoc hiu chnh li

bin dng sn(Edit Boundary) ti cao
(level) c nh tng(Top Constraint) gn
kt vo th khi kt thc lnh v sn(Finish
Edit Mode). RAC s xut hin hp thoi(nh
hnh bn) hi chng ta c mun gn kt
(tng ng vi lnh Attach Top/Base
mc 2.5.1.1.4 trang 43) nh tng vo mp di ca sn khng? Nu chn Yes, nh
tng s t ng gn kt vo mp di sn. Nu chn No, nh tng vn kt ni vo cao
(level) rng buc nh mc nh.
2.7.2.Hiu chnh kiu sn:
Tng t nh tng, sn cng l mt cu kin nhiu lp(compound structure). V vy ta
hiu chnh kiu sn tng t nh hiu chnh kiu tng.
2.8.Cng c v cu thang(STAIR):
Cu thang l mt i tng phc tp trong RAC(c nhiu thng s cn phi nm bt hiu
chnh), v trong i tng cu thang cn c cc i tng nh hn cu thnh nn cu thang.
l Riser(mt bc ng), Tread(mt bc nm ngang), Stringer(dm cu thang),
Railling(lan can). Hnh 2.8.1 minh ha cc i tng cu thnh nn cu thang.
Ta gi lnh v cu thang t th Architecture > pano Circulation > cng c Stair by Sketch
(Trong cc phin bn RAC 2012 tr v trc, RAC ch cung cp cho chng ta cng c v cu
thang Stair by Sketch. Nhng t phin bn RAC 2013 c thm cng c v cu thang Stair
by Component, cng c mi ny c kh nhiu u im hn so vi cng c c. Tuy nhin, v
cng c c(Stair by Sketch) l cng c c bn nn chng ta s tm hiu v n trc. Cn cng
c v cu thang mi(Stair by Component), mnh s gii thiu y cch v v cc thng s
n cc bn vi ng dng dng thang trong cng trnh bit th c th cui kha).

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*Lu : v vt ch th(Host) ca cu thang ch c th l mt bng cc tng nn chng ta

phi chuyn khung nhn lm vic sang mt bng hoc phi cnh trc o({3D}) mi c th
v cu thang c.

Hnh 2.8.1
Sau khi gi lnh v cu thang, ti nt Type Selector ta nn
la chn kiu cu thang c tn l Monolothic Stair(cu thang
ton khi ti ch ph bin).
2.8.1.Hiu chnh thng s c th ca cu thang:
Ti bng thng s c th(hnh bn) ta c cc ty chn sau:
*Mc Constraints:
-Base Level: cao (level) chn cu thang.
-Base Offset: khong chnh cao gia chn cu thang v cao
Base Level.
-Top Level: cao u cu thang.
-Top Offset: khong chnh cao gia u cu thang v cao
Top Level.
-Multistory Top Level: cu thang c to ra v t ln cc
tng trn(n cao la chn). Lu l chiu cao cc tng phi
bng nhau th chn v u cu thang mi trng khp vi nhau.
*Mc Graphics:
-Up text: ni dung ch miu t hng i ln cu thang. Mc
nh l UP, c th thay i ni dung(v d: LN).
-Down text: ni dung ch miu t hng i xung cu thang.
-Up label: tick chn/khng tick chn s hin/khng hin Up
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text.
-Up arrow: tick chn/khng tick chn s hin/khng hin mi tn ch hng i ln.
-Down label: tick chn/khng tick chn s hin/khng hin Down text.
-Down arrow: tick chn/khng tick chn s hin/khng hin mi tn ch hng i xung.
-Show Up arrow in all views: hin mi tn ch hng i ln tt c cc view nhn.
*Mc Dimensions:
-Width: b rng v thang. Cho gi tr ti tng ng.
-Desired Number of Risers: s mt bc ng(tng ng s bc thang) thit k. Cho gi
tr c th ti tng ng.
-Actual Number of Risers: s mt bc ng thc t.
-Actual Riser Height: chiu cao mt bc ng(tng ng chiu cao bc thang) thc
t(gi tr c tnh bng chiu cao thang / s mt bc ng thit k).
-Actual Tread Depth: chiu rng thc t ca mt bc nm ngang.
*Lu : gi tr ti Actual Riser Height phi nh hn gi tr ti dng Maxium Riser
Height ca mc Risers trong bng hp thoi hiu chnh kiu Type Properties ca cu
thang.
Sau khi ci t cc thng s c th nh mun, ta s dng cc cng c v phc ti th ng
cnh, pano Draw. Ti pano Draw, ta c 2 ty chn v phc cu thang:
-Nu cu thang ta nh thit k l cu thang vung vc, hnh dng ch U, L hoc thang
xon c ph bin nh trong thc t th ta nhn chn Run v. Cu thang s nhanh chng
c to ra, gim thiu thao tc v thi gian.
-Nu cu thang ta nh thit k c hnh dng bin dng m nu v bng Run khng ng
mun, i hi phi thao tc th cng hn th ta nhn chn Boundary v bin dng(ng
bin) ca thang v Riser v bc thang.
*Lu :
-Nu v bng lnh Run th ta ch cn dng chut xc nh im u v im cui
ca trc v thang th nht v th hai, cn chiu ngh s t ng c ni gia 2 v
thang. Gi : ta nn dng mt phng tham chiu(Ref Plane) xc nh trc trc v
thang, sau gi lnh v bng Run v v theo vt ca mt phng tham chiu.
-Nu v bng lnh Boundary v Riser th ta cn dng cng c Boundary xc nh
cc ng bin(bin tri, bin phi) ca v thang, cng nh bin ca chiu ngh. Cc
ng bin ny phi khp kn theo phng chiu di chuyn ca thang, nhng khng
c khp kn theo phng vung gc(tc l cn tr) chiu di chuyn ca thang. Cng
c Riser s c dng xc nh v tr vn ng trn v thang. Khong cch gia cc
Riser chnh l b rng mt bc nm ngang(Tread).
2.8.2.Hiu chnh thng s kiu ca cu thang:
*Mc Construction:
-Extend Below Base: khong ko
dn ca chn cu thang.
-Monolothic Stairs: nu tick chn,
cu thang s tr thnh nguyn
khi(ging kiu thang b tng ct
thp ph bin).
-Landing Overlap: b rng phn y rng ca ca cu thang nguyn khi, thng s ny ch
c kch hot khi ta tick chn hp kim Monolothic Stairs trn. Gi tr ny l khong cch
t mt ng ca bc(Riser) n mt ng ct y cu thang v to thnh rng ca. V ch c
tc dng i vi i tng cu thang cong c bn thang git cp.

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-Underside of Winder: phng n ni cc bc thang di gm cu thang(thng s ch kch

hot khi tick chn hp kim Monolothic Stairs).
+Smooth: ni cc bc thang mt di gm cu thang thnh mt mt khi cong trn
mn.
+Stepped: ni cc bc thang mt di gm cu thang thnh tng on git cp.
*Lu : Nu cu thang c cc bc chia c chuyn hng u v c thoi hp l th
ty chn Smooth c th thc hin c. Trong trng hp cc bc chuyn hng gp v
dc ln th vi ty chn Smooth, c th RAC s bo li khng to c cu thang hoc
to c th ti on chuyn hng s c mt vi bc thang b xa. Trong trng hp
ny, ta ch c cch duy nht l chuyn sang ty chn Stepped.
Hnh di minh ha cc thng s ti mc Construction:

*Mc Graphics:
-Break Symbol in Plan: tick
chn/khng tick chn s hin
th/khng hin th du ngt thang trn
mt bng.
-Text Size/Text Font: c ch v
font ch ca k hiu UP, DN ca
thang trn mt bng.
*Mc Materials and Finishes:
-Tread Material: chn vt liu
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cho mt bc ngang.
-Riser Material: chn vt liu cho mt bc ng.
-Stringer Material: chn vt liu cho dm cu thang.
-Monolothic Material: chn vt liu cho c khi cu to nn cu thang.
*Mc Treads:
-Minium Tread Depth: b rng
ti thiu ca mt bc ngang. Gi tr
ny phi nh hn gi tr Actual Tread
Depth ti bng thng s c
th(Instance Properties).
-Tread Thickness: b dy mt bc ngang, tc l b dy tm p mt bc ngang ca cu
thang.
-Nosing Length: chiu di ca mi mt bc ngang. Cho gi tr.
-Nosing Profile: bin dng ti mi mt bc ngang. Nhn chn bin dng.
-Apply Nosing Profile: p dng bin dng ti mi ca mt bc ngang cho cc pha.
+Front Only: ch p dng cho mt trc ca mt bc ngang.
+Front and Left: ch dp dng cho mt trc v mt bn tri.
+Front and Right: ch p dng cho mt trc v mt bn phi.
+Front, Left and Right: p dng cho c ba mt trc, bn tri, bn phi.
Hnh di minh ha cc thng s ti mc Treads:

*Mc Risers:
-Maxium Riser Height: chiu cao
ti a ca mt bc ng. Gi tr ny
phi ln hn gi tr Actual Riser
Height ti bng thng s c
th(Instance Properties).
-Begin
with
Riser:
tick
chn/khng tick chn s c/khng c
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mt bc ng ti bc u tin ca cu thang.
-End with Riser: tick chn/khng tick chn s c/khng c mt bc ng ti bc cui cng
ca cu thang.
-Riser Type: kiu mt bc ng. C 3 ty chn:
+None: khng c mt bc ng.
+Straight: mt bc ng c trc v phng thng ng.
+Slanted: mt bc ng c trc v phng xin.
-Riser Thickness: b dy ca mt bc ng.
-Riser to Tread Connection: phng n kt ni gia mt bc ng v mt bc ngang. C 2
ty chn:
+Extend Riser Behind Tread: mt bc ng ko di, nm pha sau mt bc ngang.
+Extend Tread Under Riser: mt bc ngang ko di ra sau, nm ph di mt bc ng.
Hnh di minh ha cc thng s ti mc Risers:

*Mc Stringer: mc ny ch c
kch hot nu ta b tick hp kim
Monolothic Stair. Tc l thang khng
cn l kiu thang nguyn khi(c bn
thang chu lc nh ph bin) m l
kiu thang c cc dm dc chu lc.
-Trim Stringers at Top: phng
n ct u trn ca dm dc. la
chn ny c hiu lc, chng ta phi
b chn hp kim ti dng End with
Riser. Nhn chn mt trong cc la chn:
+Do Not Trim: khng ct dm dc.
+Match Level: u trn ca dm dc c ct ngang bng vi cao tng trn.
+Match Landing Stringer: ct dm dc ngang bng vi chiu cao ti chiu ngh.
-Right/Left Stringer: b tr dm dc bn phi v bn tri cu thang. Nhn chn mt trong
ba ty chn:
+None: khng c dm dc.
+Closed: dm dc bao bn ngoi mt bc ng, mt bc ngang.
+Open: dm dc di mt bc ng, mt bc ngang.
Hnh sau minh ha cc ty chn trn:

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-Middle Stringers: s lng dm gia cu thang. Cho gi tr.

-Stringer Thickness: b dy dm cu thang.
-Stringer Height: chiu cao dm cu thang.
-Open Stringer Offset: khong cch t mp ngoi dm cu thang n mp ngoi ca mt
bc ng, ngang(dng ny ch kch hot khi ta chn ty chn Open cho Right/Left Stringer).
-Stringer Carriage Height: khong cch t y dm n nh y bc thang. Cho gi tr.
-Landing Carriage Height: khong cch t y dm bao quanh chiu ngh n y chiu
ngh.
Hnh di y minh ha cho thng s Stringer/Landing Carriage Height:

Ngoi ra, trn mt bng, khi chn cu thang ta s thy biu tng
du mi tn nh hnh bn tri. Khi nhn chut vo biu tng ny s
gip ta o li chiu(li i) ln/xung ca cu thang.
2.9.Cng c v ramp dc(RAMP):
Cch v ramp cng tng t nh cu thang nhng ch khc l
khng c cc bc thang(tread, riser). v ramp ta gi lnh t th
Architecture > pano Circulation > cng c Ramp.
*Lu : v vt ch th(Host) ca ramp ch c th l mt bng
cc tng nn chng ta phi chuyn khung nhn lm vic sang
mt bng hoc phi cnh trc o({3D}) mi c th v ramp
c.
Sau khi gi lnh, ta c th dng chut v ramp, sau hiu
chnh li ramp sau. Nhng thng ta nn hiu chnh cc thng s
cho ng vi mun trc ri hy v ramp, nh vy s tit kim
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