TESTING OF EXCESS LONG START, BLOCKED ROTOR AND

STALL PROTECTION IN MICOM P22O RELAY.

Panels supplied for different types of HT motors by BHEL Bhopal generally consist
of MICOM P220 relay make AREVA. These relays are numerical relays and consist
of all types of motor protections.
Testing of these relays before commissioning of motors is required at site. In
these relays there is locked rotor protection which is checked during the relay
testing at site.
There are two types of protection are incorporated, these are LOCKED ROTOR,
EXCESS LONG START.

LOCKED ROTOR PROTECTION

It is the protection provided to trip the breaker from feeding the supply to motor
when rotor of the respective motor got blocked. Basically this protection is
current based protection.
Locked rotor protection is categorised in two types:
1) Locked rotor during the start-up stage.
2) Rotor stalled during normal run.

LOCKED ROTOR DURING STARTING STAGE:

This protection comes at the starting stage of motor. At starting time, motor take
5 to 7 times of rated current and then it reduces to it nominal value of current
depending on load. Start up time is provided to us by UNIT that is BHEL Bhopal in
Motor test reports. For these protection speed switch is provided at motor end
which indicates if the motor turns. As motor takes large current at the starting
and this protection is current based so there is delay provided for this protection
to act so it is called locked rotor time.
Taking example: suppose locked rotor time of motor is1 7 second and start up
time of motor is27.5 seconds as in the case of 1150kw PA Fan here In SLPP
Mangrole. In these condition speed switch will determine the motor healthy or
unhealthy start up condition. There is Normally closed (NC) contact of speed
switch is provided for ideal condition ,if rotor is blocked than these contact
change to normally open (NO) and trip the breaker and in healthy star up
condition contact of speed switch remain as it is and motor starts up healthy.
Now for second case if start up time of motor is less than locked rotor starts up
time than there is no requirement of speed switch. Thus speed switch will come
under action at starting condition only.

Rotor stalled during normal run:

This function is valid only outside the starting stage of motor. That is, if rotor get
locked after healthy run of the motor, these protection act.

So this function simply depends on the current taken by motor. As during locked
rotor condition current of the motor goes on increasing as the current reaches
the setting value the protection act and trip the motor.
NOTE: Motor Stalled protection will act after the time delay obtained by
the addition of delay time provided in the setting of locked rotor during
start up and the time delay setting provided for rotor stalled during
normal run.

Excess Long Start Protection:

As at the time of starting of motors, it will take starting current of 5 to 7 times of
rated current so to determine healthy start up condition within the start up time,
excess long start protection is provided.

Testing Procedure:
The EXCES LONG START function protects the motor if the starting phase lasts
too long. To do this, it uses a starting current threshold Istart> and a starting
time delay tIstart. This threshold and this time delay can be adjusted to allow the
starting current to pass.
The MiCOM P220 relay uses following things for motor start-up detection:
Closure of the contactor/circuit breaker, or
Closure of the contactor/circuit breaker and overshoot of the starting current
threshold [Istart].
Here in GIPCL SLPP Mangrol we have done setting of both breaker contact and
over shoot of the starting current (52A+I).
It is deactivated on expiry of the starting current time delay tIstart.If, on expiry
of the time delay tIstart, the current consumed by the motor has not fallen below
the threshold Istart> again, a prolonged start signal .LONG START t Istart will be
generated and it will trip the breaker.
For testing Excess Long start protection on Micom P220 relay we have to feed
Threshold current setting value along with breaker contact to relay terminal for
start up detection. The detection of breaker closed state should be provided
within 90 milliseconds along with threshold value of current otherwise it will not
detect the start up condition of motor. For providing breaker closing status
within 90 millisecond we have to loop positive terminal of 220 volts
with binary input of omicron kit to terminal 22 of the relay and
negative of 220 volts is fed directly terminal 24 as shown below in
diagram 1.0.
Here in SLPP Mangrol breaker contact looping with relay terminal 22 and 24 was
not provided, this was done on site for taking this protection on line.

IN SET UP FOR EXCESS LONG START UP

TESTING MICOM P220 RELAY
(+)110 volts

(-)110 volts

(52A)
22(+)
Breaker close/open status at
relay terminal

Aux 220
volts

24(-)

MICOM P220
RARE SIDE VIEW

(Here we loop binary input

from Omicron kit)

DIAGRAM 1.0