B.

E Electrical Engineering

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS-II

SUBJECT CODE: 2160904
B.E. 6th SEMESTER

Presented by
Ch.V.Sivakumar., M.Tech
Asst.Proff in Electrical Dept,PIET

Date:18/06/2015

PARUL INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

[ZBus] matrix building algorithm

Case:1 Branch
Case: (a) if P is a Ref Bus
Mutual Elements:
Self Elements:
zqq z pq z pqpq

Case: (b) if P is a NOT a Ref Bus

Mutual Elements:
Self Elements:

[ZBus] matrix building algorithm

Case:2 Link
Case: (a) if P is a Ref Bus
Mutual Elements:
Self Elements:
Case: (b) if P is a NOT a Ref Bus
Mutual Elements:
Self Elements:

[ZBus] matrix building algorithm

[ZBus] matrix building algorithm

Graph and a tree of the network

Step 1: nodes p=1 and the reference node

0

Step 2: node 2 (p = 2) and the reference node 0

Step 3: node 1 (k = 2) and node 2 (j = 1)

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Step 3: Continued...

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Step 4: node 2(p = 2) and a new node, node 3 (q = 3)

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Step 5: Node 3 (p = 3) node 4 (q = 4).

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Step 6: Node 1 (k = 1), node 4 (j = 4)

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Step 6: Continued...

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Step 6: Continued...

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Step 7: node 2 (p = 2) and node 4 (q = 4)

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Step 7: Continued...

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Step 7: Continued...

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FAULT CALCULATIONS USING Z bus

Voltages During Fault:
Fault Occurs @ Bus -2 and Assume Pre Fault Voltage

V f 1.000 & Z kk Z 22

Z12
1 Z
22
V1
V
2

Z 22
1

Z 22

V3

P.U

V4

Z 23
1
Z 22
Z 24
1

Z 22

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Faults Calculations Using Z Bus Equivalent circuits:

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Fault @ bus 4: i.e j=3 ad k=4

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SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS

Clock wise
Anti-Clock wise

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SYMMETRICAL COMPONENTS OF USYMMETRICAL PHASORS

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SYMMETRICL Y AND DELTA CIRCUITS

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POWER IN TERMS OF SYMMETRCAL COMPONENTS

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Sequence Circuits for Synchronous Generator

Ia+ Ib+ Ic= 0.

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Since the synchronous generator is operated to supply only

balanced voltages we can assume that Ean0 = Ean2= 0
and Ean1= Ean.

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Va0= Van0+ Vn. Also we know that Vn= - 3ZnIa0.

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Three Types of Faults

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Single-Line-to-Ground Fault

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Line-to-Line Fault

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Double- Line -to Ground Fault

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