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FilePages From 4. Principles of First and Third Angle Orthographic Projection
FilePages From 4. Principles of First and Third Angle Orthographic Projection
First angle projection The five arrows point to different surfaces of the
block and five views will result. The arrows themselves
are positioned square to the surfaces, that is at 90° to
Assume that a small block is made 35 mm × 30 mm × the surfaces and they are also at 90°, or multiples of
20 mm and that two of the corners are cut away as 90° to each other. The views are designated as follows:
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shown below in three stages. View in direction A is the view from the front,
Figure 4.2 illustrates a pictorial view of the block View in direction B is the view from the left,
and this has been arranged in an arbitrary way because View in direction C is the view from the right,
none of the faces are more important than the others. View in direction D is the view from above,
In order to describe the orthographic views we need to View in direction E is the view from below.
select a principal view and in this case we have chosen In first angle projection the views in the directions
the view in direction of arrow A to be the view from of arrows B, C, D and E are arranged with reference to
the front. the front view as follows:
The view from B is placed on the right,
The view from C is placed on the left,
The view from D is placed underneath,
20 30 The view from E is placed above.
The experienced draughtsman will commit the above
rules to memory. It is customary to state the projection
used on orthographic drawings to remove all doubt, or
use the distinguishing symbol which is shown on the
35
D
10
25
15
10
A
B
View E View D
View E
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View D
Fig. 4.3 First angle projection arrangement. Dotted lines indicate Fig. 4.4 Third angle projection arrangement
hidden edges and corners
D
VP AVP
B
2 GL A
3
Projector
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(a) 4
HP
Projection
Fig. 4.6 VP is the vertical plane. HP is the horizontal plane. AVP the
auxiliary vertical plane. GL is the ground line
20
35
25
10
5 30
(b)
Fig. 4.5 (a) First angle arrangement (b) Third angle arrangement
Fig. 4.7
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