T.P.S., Parli-V.

Certified for
ISO 9001-2000
ISO 14001-2004

Water Chemistry

Presentation by
H. B. Zade. Sr. Chemist
 Mother Earth

The Greatest Chemist in the Universe

 Water Route
R/W Pump House

U-3,4,5 P. T. Plant

U-3,4 DM Plant U-3,4,5 Soft.Plant TPS,Colony Domestic

Makeup To All Units
Makeup To All Units
With interconnection facility
Use Of Chemicals
 Pretreatment Plant
1. Alum: FeSO4 Al2(SO4)3.18 H2O
2. Poly Aluminum Chloride
3. Bleaching powder : Ca(OCl)2
4. Hydrated Lime : Ca(OH)2
Softening Plant
1. Common Salt : NaCl
 Demineralization Plant
1. Hydrochloric Acid : HCl
2. Caustic Soda Lye : NaOH
3. Hydrated Lime : Ca(OH)2
Boiler Drum Water
Trisodium Ortho Phosphate: Na3PO4.12H2O
Na3PO4+H2O NaOH +Na2HPO4 (Maintains PH)

2Na3PO4+3CaSO4 Ca3(PO4)2+3Na2SO4

10Ca+6PO4+2OH 3Ca3(PO4).Ca(OH) 2 .

Calcium Hydroxy apetite

3Mg+2SiO3+2OH+H2O 3MgO.2SiO2.2H2O

Serpentine
Above soft sludges can be removed by CBD Operations
Feed Water Dosing
1 Hydrazine hydrate: N2H4.H2O
N2H4 +O2 N2+H2O (Oxygen scavenger)
3N2H4 4NH3 + N2 (at temp. > 205 °c)
(Res.N2H4 at Eco. Inlet = 0.01 to 0.02 ppm)
2 Liq. Ammonia : NH4OH ( Maintains PH)
Condensate Dosing : Only N2H4.H2O
At C E P Discharge as it passivates the
Copper alloy component of LP heater
coils & Acts also as Oxygen scavenger
 Cond.tube leakage (What happens ? )
1: Cooling water mixes in condensate water
2:Hardness salts get carried to boiler& deposit in
boiler tubes
3:Increased concentration of DO causes pitting
corrosion in boiler tubes, corrosion in preboiler
i.e..cond.,feed water heaters,de areator
depositing corrosion products in high heat
zones resulting BTL
4:Salts like MgCl2 causes Hydrogen
Embrittlement resulting BTL
Cond.tube leakage (Indications)
 1:Increases cation conductivity of condensate
 (Limit 0.3 micromhos/cm)
 2:Increases Na Con. of condensate
 (Limit 10 ppb)
 3:Increases Blr Drum water parameters like
 PH, Cond.,Silica, Alkalinity
Remedial Action
 To arrest CTL by adding saw dust(in case it is
minor)
 Withdrawal of Unit for attending CTL in case
Conden. Parameters exceed permissible limits
 Limits; Sodium(Na) at CEP outlet:
10 ppb or
Cation conductivity of condensate:
0.3 Micro mhos/cm
ETP I
References:
 CEGB Vol.V
 BHEL (Trichi)
 Text book of water chemistry by
 Linus Pauling (California)
 Personal experience
Thanking
you
all