New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Introduction to L.O.B.

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

What is L.O.B. ?
L.O.B. (Line of Balance) is a management technique used mainly for
planning, scheduling and controlling of the project. It is suitable for the projects
involving large number of repetitive activities such as multi-storied buildings like
sky scrapers and linear type segmented works like roads and pipe lines etc. This
technique deals only with the important activities and highlights the area where
more attention is required.
L.O.B. mainly consists of two elements:
1. Objective Chart.
2. Progress Chart.

What is the Objective of L.O.B. ?

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

The objective of L.O.B. is to study the progress of the task at regular

intervals and then compare the progress of each activity during the currency of
the project by using the progress chart.

What are the Advantages of L.O.B. ?

Following are the benefits of using L.O.B. technique:
1) Enables a manager to see at a single glance which of many activities
comprising a complex operation are "in balance or not"
2) Comparing actual progress with a formal objective plan.
3) Examining only the deviations from established plans, and gauging their
degree of severity with respect to the remainder of the project.
4) Receiving timely information concerning trouble areas and indicating
areas where appropriate corrective action is required.

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

5) Forecasting future performance.

Description of L.O.B. Components:

Objective Chart
It contains a scheduled curve for each activity and one for the entire
project. The vertical scale shows the percentage of work completed and the
horizontal scale indicates time. The total project schedule curve is derived from
the cumulative schedule of task. LOB is drawn directly parallel to the vertical axis
for any particular date of study and intersects schedule curve of different
activities .Point of intersection gives the %age completion of each task.

Progress Chart

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

In this the vertical bar shows the %age completion of different tasks
at particular date of study and last bar on the top right shows the % age
completion of the entire project. The LOB is derived directly from the objective
chart by drawing line representing the date of study.

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Solved Example of L.O.B. in Class

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Q.) For the given objective and progress chart, draw the Line of
Balance (L.O.B.) when the date of study is 1st December 2011.
Give your comments on the result.

Objective Chart

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Line of
Balance

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Progress Chart

Conclusion:
Overall Project Status:
The project should have been 55% complete by the start of 1st Dec 2011,
but it was completed about 45% which means a lag of 10%.

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao
 New Topics Included for 2008 Batch in the Course of Construction Management

Task-wise Status:
Task 1: As per Plan (100% completed)
Task 2: Lagging behind 10%; (90% completed)
Task 3: Lagging behind 15%; (85% completed)
Task 4: Over-worked 15%; (70% completed)
Task 5: Over-worked 15%; (50% completed)
Task 6: As per Plan (Yet to start)
Task 7: As per Plan (Yet to start)
Task 8: As per Plan (Yet to start)

Course Instructor: Zubair

Iqbal Rao