z

The Dawn
khj ,jo;> nghOJ 22
vidiyalmagazhine.blogspot.com vidiyalmagazhine@gmail.com

o fl;Liufs;

gpg;uthp; 2011

ngz; rpRf;nfhiy 08 jpUf;Fws; rpe;jid 10

Mathematics is Divine 2 04

rhjidg; ngz;kzp 12 tsk;Fd;wh Ntshz;ik 18

o ftpijfs;
Kidth; eh. fz;zd; fy;Y}hp Kjy;th;

rpwg;ghrphpah;

md;id 02 > tpwFf;fl;il 05 tPur; rpq;fk; 05 MirnaDk; Jd;gk;; 09 ijkfNs eP tUf 19 fhyj;jpw;F Vw;g Fwl;ghf;fs;; 19
o ijay; NtiyapYk; jj;Jtk; 02 o vtnu];l;by; K];yPk; ngz;fs; 14 o fy;Y}hpj; jhshsh; Ngl;b 15 o nrg;G nkhop gjpndl;L 11 o jq;fefuk; rpjk;guk; 17 o kUj;Jtk; :

Kidth; kh. fhh;j;jpNfad; jkpo;j;Jiwj; jiyth;;

Mrphpah;

jpU. g. rutzd;; jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;

,iz Mrphpah;

jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;fs; midtUk;

Mrphpah; FO

T
ntspaPL:

R+hpafhe;jpg;G+ 05 > nfhj;jtiu 03 tapw;Wg;Nghf;F-rpyjPh;Tfs; 06

o mwpNthk; Mapuk; 10 o goq;fspd; kUj;Jtk;; 11 o rhfpj;a mfhnjkp tpUJ 13 o Ngl;b : jhshsh; 15 o njhlh; nra;As; (gFjp
6)

jkpo;j;Jiw> Nf.v];.Mh;. fiy mwptpay; fy;Y}hp (jd;dhl;rp) jpUr;nrq;NfhL 637 215> ehkf;fy; khtl;lk;> jkpo;ehL> ,e;jpah.

www.ksrcasthamizh.blogspot.com www.ksrcas.net

Nf.v];.Mh;. gps;isj; jkpo; 20

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

ftpij

md;id
Guz;L gLj;jhy; fUtpy; ,Ue;j ehk; ,we;J NghNthk; vd;W ,utpy; tpopj;jpUe;j Fsph;r; R+hpad; mk;kh.

fhzKbAk;. vdNt> eP vd; gf;fj;jpy; te;J mkh;e;J G+ Ntiyiag; ghh; vd;whs;. kfDk; mt;thNw te;J mkh;e;jJk; Jzpapy; njhpe;j mofpa G+Ntiyiag; ghh;j;J kpfTk; kfpo;e;jhd;. ,ijnay;yhk; FUehjUk; ,y;yw rPlUk; ftdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. gpd; FUehjh; rPlhplk;> ,ijg; ghh;j;jhy; cdf;F vd;d njhpfpwJ? vdf; Nfl;lhh;. rhjhuzkhf jhAk; kfDk; Ngrpf;nfhz;l fhl;rpapypUe;J vd;d njhpe;J nfhs;s KbAnkd rPlUf;Fg; Ghpatpy;iy. mij czh;e;j FU> jhdhfNt nrhy;y Muk;gpj;jhh;. kfd; ijay; Ntiyiag; ghh;j;jJ Nghy jhd; mNef kf;fs; ,t;Tyif kjpg;gpL fpd;wdh;. rhjhuzkhf gpw egh;fis ekf;F Ntz;lhjth;fshf> vjpuhdth; fshf epidj;J mth; fisg; ghh;f;Fk; NghJ mth;fSila Fw;wk;> FiwfNs ekf;Fj; njd;gLfpd;wd. Mdhy;> gpwhplk; md;G nrYj;jp mth;fs; gf;fj;jpy; Ngha; epd;why;> mth;fsplkpUf;Fk; mofhd ey;y Fzq;fisg; ghh;f;fyhk;.
,f;fij jUk; ePjp:

NjDk; ghYk; nghq;fpg; ngUFk; jd; ehthy; koiy cr;rhpf;Fk; kq;fs thh;j;ij mk;kh. ahNuDk; ek;ik mbj;jhy; ek;ikNa kwe;J ehk; cr;rhpf;Fk; cahpa thh;jij mk;kh. ; jiy tzq;FNthk; md;idf;F mts; jhs; gzpNthk; vd;iwf;Fk;.

R. nre;jpy;Fkhh;>

,sq;fiy Kjyhz;L Mq;fpyk;

ePjpf;fij
ijay; NtiyapYk; jj;Jtk;
xU rkak; xU tPl;bw;F FUehjh; nrd;wpUe;jhh;. rpwpJ Neuk; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. me;Neuj;jpy; FLk;gj; jiythpd; kidtp ntz;ik epw Kila Jzp xd;wpy; mofpa Kiwapy; G+ Ntiy nra;J nfhz;bUe;jhh;. mijg; ghh;jJf; nfhz;bUe;j kfd;> ; mk;kh cd; ijay; Ntiy ed;whfNt ,y;iy. E}y;fs; mq;Fkpq;Fk; njhq;fpathW kpfTk; mtyl;rzkhf ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W tUj;jj;NjhL $wpdhd;. mijf; Nfl;L rphpj;j jha;> Foe;jha;> vdf;F vjph;g;Gwj;jpy; eP epw;fpwha;. vdNt> Jzpapd; gpd; Gwj;ijj;jhd; ghh;f;fpwha;. G+ Ntiy nra;Ak; tpjj;ij Jzpapd; Kd;gf;fj;jpy; jhd; moFwf;

ahiuAk; vjph;g;gf;fj;jpy; vil Nghlf; $lhJ.

epd;W

jpUkjp J. ru];tjp>

jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

kUj;Jtk;

fLk;grpiaf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; nfhj;jtiu

grp vd;gJ ekJ cly; ,af;fq;fspd; ,ay;ghd xU epfo;r;rp. Fwpg;gpl;l fhy ,ilntspapy; clYf;Ff; $Ljy; rf;jp Njitg;gLk; nghONjh> clypd; Mw;wy; ntspg;gl;l gpd;Ngh grp Vw;gLfpd;wJ. ,t;thW Vw;gLk; grpahdJ msNthL ,Ue;jhy; tsNkhL ,Uf;fyhk;. grpia ekf;F czh;jJtJ ; %isjhd;. ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> grpapd; mstwpe;J cl;nfhs;tNj gy tpjkhd Neha;fs; tuhky; fhj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; top KiwahFk;. gl;bdp guk xsljk; vdr; rpj;jh;fs; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sdh;. MfNt> jhd; midj;J kjq;fSk; gl;bdp ,Uf;Fk; Kiwfis typAWj;Jfpd;wd. jPl;rhf;fpdp cly; mf;fpdpah mjpfg;gLk;NghJ fLk; grp cz;lhFk;. ,jidr; rkg;gLj;j ehh;rrj;J ; czTfisAk; mkpyj;ijf; fl;Lg; gLj;jf;$ba czTfisAk; cl; nfhz;L grpj;jPiar; rkg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. tapw;wpy; cz;lhFk; grpia ePf;fp cztpd; Nky; Njhd;Wk; mjPj Mh;tj;ijf; Fiwj;J> tapw;Wg; Gz;fisAk; Mw;wp nfhOg;igAk; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; %ypifjhd; nfhj;jtiu. Rg vd;w Nkhg;rp]; nll;uh fhNdhNyhgh jhtutpay; ngah; nfhz;l

ghg;gpypNahNdprNa FLk;gj;ijr; rhh;e;j nfhj;jtiu nrbfs; ngUksT tsh;f;fg;gLfpd;wd. Fthh; vd;w ngahpy; MAs;Ntj kUj;Jtj;jpy; mjpfsT nfhj;jtiu cgNahfg; gLfpwJ. ,jd; fha;fspy; cs;s Nfyf;NlhNdd;> 3 vgpf; Nfl;ldpf; mkpyk; Mfpa uj;jj;jpYs;s nfl;l nfhOg;gpd; msitAk;> uj;j msitAk;> ujj rh;f;fiu msitAk; Fiwg;gjhf Ma;Tfs; njhptpf;fpd;wd. 5 Kjy; 10 tiu fpuhk; msT nghbiar; RLePUld; fye;J xU Ntis rhg;gpl;L tu fLk; grp ePq;Fk;. clypy; mjpfhpj;jf; nfhOg;G fiuAk;> rh;f;fiu Nehahspfs; mbf;fb czTld; nfhj;jtiu mjy; nghhpayhfNth> tw;wyhfNth rhg;gpl mjpf grp kw;Wk; rh;f;fiu msT fl;Lg;gLj;Jk;. gpQ;R nfhj;jtiu ed;F Ntfitj;J ntspNaw;wp> fha itj;J vz;nzapy; nghhpj;J> itj;J czthf cl;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;;. ntq;fhak;> jf;fhsp> miur; Nrhk;G> rPufk; kw;Wk; kQ;rs; J}s; Mfpait nfhOg;Gr; rj;J mjpfhpf;fhky; fhj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;. njhFg;G: gh.rr;rpd;.

3
gpg;uthp; 2011

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

MATHEMATICS IS DIVINE - 2
We already discuss that there is nothing to explain to understand the whole thing about something. This article built the base in your mind to understand the emptiness (zero). No one can explain zero completely. But any one can understand something about zero. Here, I try to explain how to know the zero completely. A born baby felt that the emptiness of his stomach. And start crying to get food. 5 years old kid could understand his/her water bottle or Tiffin box is empty. Consider the example, I give you 1 unit of product (1kg rice) in your hand. And allow you to give exactly half to others. For the first person you can give half unit of the product (half kg rice). You can easily understand that at some finite stage there is only-one rice in your hand. After some another stages an atom (10-10) size of product is in your hand. But no one is willing to receive the half of the atom. Because they felt that there is nothing. It is real, because you couldnt see that but it is not true, because you had half of the atom. So your hand is not empty. It contains a half atom. The truth is your hand will not be empty at any finite stage. It will be empty in infinite stages. You could not explain the zero without infinite and you could not explain the infinite without zero. To understand the zero and infinite, the following model is used.

Consider the real line as a closed envelope, the top arrow that is the starting as well as ending of the envelope that means it is infinite. The bottom arrow is meant for zero. Now it is clear that this envelop represents whole real number system. Consider any real point in the circumstance of this envelope; it is static in its position. If you travel at any speed from any real point towards bottom arrow (zero) or top arrow (infinite) in this envelope, you will be in static position. A. NASEER AHMED Lecturer, Department of Mathematics.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

ftpij

tpwFf;fl;il
koiyf; Foe;ijfs; Xb tpisahb

ftpij

tPur;rpq;fk;
ghQ;rhy kz;zpy;

ntapypd; jhf;fj;jpy; Xa;e;J Nghf ,ijf; fhz Kbahj kio me;jp Nkfj;ij efu nrhy;yp tuj;jhd; Qhapiw mfw;wr; nrhy;yp tuj;jhd; Jbf;fpwJ Mdhy; vq;NfNah mOFuy; tutplhky; jLf;fpwJ kioia czTf;fhfTk; mopf;fpwhd; ,Ug;gplj;jpw;fhfTk; mopf;fpwhd; mtd; tho;fpwhd; vd;id mopj;J mOFuYld; re;ijapy; tpiyNghdJ tpwFf; fl;il. gh. ruz;ah
,sq;fiy fzpdp mwptpay; Kjyhz;L M gphpT.

kUj;Jtk;

R+hpafhe;jpg; G+
R+hpa fhe;jpg; G+tpdhy; fZr;rpiy> ePNuw;wk;> cly; fLg;G Kjypa gpzpfs; NghFk;. ,jd; epiwf;F ehd;F klq;F ey;nyz;nza; $l;b gjkhff; fha;r;rp tbfl;b thuk; ,UKiw ijy ];ehdk; nra;a ePh;f;Nfhit ePq;Fk;. jiytyp ,Uf;fhJ. thuNehfpfs; ,j;ijyj;ijj; Nja;j;J nte;ePhpy; Fspj;Jtuf; FzkhFk;. jpUkjp.Nyh.Gdpjts;sp>

tPu Cw;nwLj;J tPu kPir KWf;fpl;L khdk; nghpnjd vz;zpl;L kdpjid caph;Nghy Nerpj;J nts;isaid vjph;j;J tPuj;JlNd! tPu Kof;fkpl;L thpfl;l kWj;jhd; tPuj;ijAk; fhzr; nra;jhd;> kf;fis nry;t nropg;Gld; mutizj;jhd; vjphpia tPo;j;j vz;zpNa md;dpaDk; R+o;rrpjd;id ; nra;jhd;. IaNfh tPurpq;fk; rha;e;jJ ,t;tPukz;zpy; R+o;r;rp ntd;wnjd md;dpaDk; Mh;gghpf;f ; tPur;rpq;fk; tPo;e;j ,k;kz;zpy; tPuj;JlNd vOthd; kw;nwhU tPud;! - k. rrpFkhh;;>
,sq;fiy fzpdp mwptpay; Kjyhz;L M gphpT.

jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

kUj;Jtj; njhlh; fl;Liu - 02

tapw;Wg;Nghf;F rpy jPh;Tfs;

Kidth; g. ,uhN[~;> jkpo; tphpTiuahsh;

ehl;Lg;Gw kf;fs; tapw;Wg; Nghf;Ff;Fg; gj;J tifahd kUj;JtKk; gy tifahd kUe;Jg; nghUs;fSk; gad;gLj;Jtij mwpa KbfpwJ. ngUq;fhak;> ,Q;rp> KUq;ifg;gl;il Mfpatw;iw miuj;J> rhnwLj;Jj; jha;g;ghypy; (xU jk;sh; msT) Nrh;j;Jf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. Xkk;> Rf;F> trk;G Mfpadtw;wpy; rpwpjsT vLj;J> tWj;Jg; nghbj;J mtw;Wld; NjidAk; Nrh;j;Jf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,jidr; rpyNeuq;fspy; Xkf; Fok;ghfTk; khw;wpj; jpdk; ,uz;L Neuk; nfhLj;jhy; Neha; FzkilAk;. NkYk;> rt;thprpiaf; fha;r;rpf; Fbf;Fk; gof;fk; ,t;tpd kf;fsplk; cz;L. vYkpr;rk;gor;rhW> Ml;Lg;ghy; (xU jk;sh;) Mfpatw;iwr; Nrh;j;J xU Neuk; mUe;jpdhy; FzkilAk;. japiuAk;> gRg;ghiyAk; rk mstpy; (xU jk;sh; msT) fye;J jpdk; ,uz;L Neuk; mUe;j Ntz;Lk;.

rhuiz Nth;> kiyjhq;fp Nth;> gpuz;il Nth;> Gspr;ry; Nth;> ghuq;fp fpoq;FNth;> NfhiuNth;> Mfpait fSld; rpW Jz;Lfisg; nghbj;Jj; jz;zPUld; Nrh;jJ ; cUz;ilahfg; gpbj;Jj; jpdKk; xt;nthU cUz;il tPjk; %d;W ehl;fs; rhg;gpl;lhy; ,e;Nehapidj; jLf;f KbAk;. rpwpjsT ,Q;rp> nts;isg; G+z;L> Mfpatw;iw miuj;Jr; rhWvLj;J xU Neuk; Fbj;jhy; FzkilAk; vd;gh;. vYkpr;rk;gor;rhWld; cg;igAk; fye;J nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. Mt;thW %d;W ehl;fs; gad;gLj;jpdhy; tapw;Wg; Nghf;F FzkilAk; kw;Wk; tapiw KOikahfr; Rj;jg;gLfpwJ. nte;jak;> Njapiy (rpwpjsT) ,uz;ilAk; jz;zPUld; nfhjpf;f itj;J> miur;rq;F msT xU Neuk; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. ed;F Kw;whj khJsq;fha;> frfrh ,uz;ilAk; ;Nrh;j;J> miuj;Jr; RL ePhpy; fye;J nfhLj;jhy; FzkilAk; vd;gh;. ,it midj;Jk; cs;kUe;jhfNt nfhLf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. ,tw;wpw;Fg; gj;jpak; VJk; Ntz;lhk;.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

tapw;Wg; Nghf;iff; fl;Lg;gLj;Jk; kUj;Jt Kiwf;Fhpa tphpthd ml;ltiz

kUj;Jtk;
ngUq;fhak;> ,Q;rp> KUq;fg;gl;il jha;g;ghy;

kUe;Jg; nghUspd; msT

ngUq;fhak;> ,Q;rp> KUq;ifg;gl;il Mfpatw;wpy; xt;nthU Jz;L. jha;g;ghy; xU jk;sh; msT. rpwpjsT

nra;Kiw
miuj;jy; rhW vLj;jy;

nfhLf;Fk; msT
xUfuz;b msT

fhy msT
jpdKk; %d;W Neuk;

Xkk;> Rf;F> trk;G

nghbj;jy;

vYkpr;rk;gok;> Ml;Lg;ghy; japh;> gRk;ghy;

xUjk;sh; Ml;Lg;ghy;> rpwpjsT vYkpr;rk; gor;rhW japUk;> gRk;ghYk; xU jk;sh; msT

rhW vLj;jy; -

rpwpa cUz;il ahfg; gpbj;Jr; rhg;gpLjy; xU jk;sh; msT xU jk;sh; msT

,uz;L Neuk; (fhiy> khiy) xUNeuk; (fhiy) ,uz;L Neuk; (fhiy> khiy) xUNeuk; (kjpak;

rhuizNth;> kiyjhq;fp Nth;> gpuz;il Nth;> Gspr;ry; Nth;> fpoq;F Nth;. ,Q;rp> nts;isg; G+z;L vYkpr;rk;gok;> cg;G nte;jak;> Njapiy> jz;zPh; khJsq;fha;> frfrh

Xt;nthd;wpYk; rpWJz;L Nth;

nghbj;jy;

rpwpa cUz;il ahf gpbj;Jr; rhg;gpLjy; miur;rq;F msT fhy; rq;F msT miur;rq;F msT xUjk;sh;

,Q;rp> nts;isg; G+z;L ,uz;bYk; rpwpjsT Xh; vYkpr;rk;gor; rhW> rpwpjsT cg;G nte;jak; Njapiy ,uz;Lk; rpwpjsT> xU jk;sh; jz;zh; P xU khJsq;fha;> rpwpjsT frfrh

miuj;jy; rhWvLj;jy; mtpj;jy;> nfhjpj;jy; miuj;jy;

xU Neuk;

xU Neuk; (fhiy) xU Neuk; (fhiy) ,uz;L Neuk; (fhiy>khiy)

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

fl;Liu

ngz; rpRf;nfhiy
f. epj;ah
,sq;fiyj; jkpo; Kjyhz;L

nfhy;yg;gl;ld. ,e;jpa mstpy; Mz;LNjhWk; Njhuhakhf 40 yl;rk; fUf;fs; fiyf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,jpy; 10 rjtPjk; kl;Lk; rl;lhPjpahd fUf;fiyg;ghFk;. jkpo;ehL> F[uhj;> cj;jpugpuNjrk;> gPfhh;> gQ;rhg;> k`huh~;buk; Mfpa khepyq;fs; ngz;Foe;ijfSf;Ff; fUtpNyNa fy;yiw mikg;gjpy; Kd;dzpapy; epw;fpd;wd. 1971-Mk; Mz;L ,e;jpahtpy; ,aw;wg;gl;l kUj;Jt fUf;fiyg;Gr; rl;lk; ngz; fUitf; fz;lwpe;J fUf;fiyg;G nra;tjpy; vt; tifapYk; cjttpy;iy. ,jpy; gjpT ngw;w kUj;Jth;fSf;Fr; rpy tpjpfSf;F cl;gl;L fUf; fiyf;fyhk; vd;w chpik toq;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjd;gb> Foe;ijapd; gpwg;ghy; jhapd; capUf;Nfh clYf;Nfh Mgj;J Vw;glyhk; vd mDkhdpf;fg; gl;lhYk;> gpwf;fg; NghFk; Foe;ij cly;> %is kdf;NfhshWfshy; gpwf;fyhk; vd fz;lwpe;jhYk; fUf;fiyg;G nra;ayhk;. ghypay; ty;YwT> ,uz;L Foe;ijfs; cs;sJ ,dp Ntz;lhk; vd;w epiyapy; fUTWtijj; jLg;gjw;Fg; gy Kiwfisf; ifahz;L mJ Njhy;tp milAk; jUthapy;> fUTWk; NghJ 18 taJ epuk;ghky; ,Ue;jhNyh> fUTw;wg; ngz;zpd; rk;kjj;NjhL fUf;fiyg;G nra;ayhk;. 12 thuj;jpw;Fl;gl;l

tpQ;Qhd fz;Lgpbg;Gf;fis ey;y topapy; gad;gLj;jp kf;fis ehfhPf cyfj;jpw;Ff; nfhz;L nry;y KbAk;. Mdhy;> mijj; jtwhfg; gad;gLj;Jk; NghJ mbkbapy; ifitg;gjhf mikfpwJ. ngz;fs; fUTw;W MWkhjj;jpy; fUthf ,Uf;Fk; Foe;ij Mzh> ngz;zh vd etPd Kiwahd mkpNdh rpe;jrp]; vd;w kUj;JtKiw %yk; fz;lwpe;J ngz; vd;why; mij jhapd; fUg;igapy; itj;Nj fiyj;J nfhiy nra;Ak; epiyf;F kf;fs; Jzpe;Js;sdh;. nghJthf> efuq;fspy; mjpfkhf eilngWfpwJ. ,k;khjphp fUf;fiyg;G nra;ag;gLtjhy; ngz; rpRkl;Lk; nfhiy nra;ag;gLtjpy;iy khwhf jhapd; cly;epiy ghjpf;fg;gLtNjhL rpyNtis jhAk; ,wf;f NehpLfpwJ. xNu Neuj;jpy; ,UtUila tho;Thpik ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ngz; kdhPjpahf ghjpf;fg;gLfpwhs;. Nkw;$wpa tpQ;Qhd fUf;fiyg;G Kiwia mwpahj fpuhkj;J kf;fs; vUf;fq;Fr;rp Nghd;w tp~g; nghUl;fisg; gad;gLj;jpf; fUf; fiyg;G nra;fpd;wdh;. 1984,y; ngz; gk;ghapy; rpRf;fs; kl;Lk; 40>000 fUtpNyNa

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

fUit gjpT ngw;w xU kUj;JtuhYk;> 12 thuk; Kjy; 20 thuk; tiu Md fUit ,uz;L murhq;f my;yJ murhq;f mq;fPfhuk; ngw;w kUj;Jth;fshYk; my;yJ murhq;f mq;fPfhuk; ngw;w kUj;Jtkidapy; fUf;fiyg;G nra;ag;glyhk;. Mdhy;> ,J jtwhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gl;L Vuhskhd ngz; Foe;ijfs; fUtpNyNa fz;lwpag;gl;L rhT Nkilf;F mDg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ. jw;NghJ fUtpNyNa ngz; Foe;ijfs; nfhy;yg;gLtij KO tJkhfj; jLg;gjw;F gpwg;gpw;F Kd; fz;lwpAk; Kiw (xOq;FgLj;jy; kw;Wk; jtwhfg; gad;gLj;Jjy; jLg;G) rl;lk; 1994Mk; Mz;L (The Pre-natal diagnostics Techniques (regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Act 1994); nfhz;Ltug;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jd; %yk; ngz;fs; fw;gpzpahf ,Uf;Fk; NghJ fU Mzh> ngz;zh vd;W Nrhjidapl;L ngz; Foe;ijahapd; mf;fU fUg;igapy; itj;Nj nfhy;yg;gLtJ jLf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ. mt;thW nra;tJ fz;lwpag;gl;lhy; mjpy; <LgLk; kUj;Jth;fSf;F 3 tUl jz;lizAk; &gha; 10>000 jz;lKk; tpjpf;fg;glyhk;. ,k;khjphpahd rl;lq;fs; eil KiwapypUe;Jk; ngz; rpRf;fisf; fUtpNyNa fy;yiw nra;tJ mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLfpwNj jtpu Fiwe;jghby;iy.

ftpij

MirnaDk; Jd;gk;
; msp my;yp kyukh;eJ Mo;e; Jwf;fk; nfhz;ljhk;! ,io epyT Kfk; fhl;l <l;b tbT my;ypahk;! caph; Jwe;j epiyaile;J Cik kyiug; ghh;j;jjhk;! vs;sp eif ahb ntsp te;Njd; vd;wjhk;! Vohe; jpdkLj;J thdpy; if ePl;b te;jjhk;! I tpuy; ,jo;fis xa;ahukha; tphpj;j jhk;! Xiralq;fp xLq;fpg;Nghd nka;a jidf; fz;ljhk;! ,jdhy; jhk; czh;j;Jk; fUj;Jjid kdXuk; Nfl;Fjhk;! khdplid milAk; Jd;gk; tUk; khh;f;fk; vJthk;? Nghjp kuk; mbakh;e;J rpe;jpj;j njhU kdkhk;! Mir naDk; fg;gNywp kpje;J tUk; Jd;gkhk;! tUk;Mir Kjypy; jpj;jpg;gha; Njd; Nghy ,Uf;Fkhk;! tz;L Nghy ePajpNy kaf;fk; nfhs;s J}z;Lkhk;! ,iog;ghwp vOe;J tpl;lhy; ,dpik nghq;Fk; tho;thk;! kaf;fk; nfhz;L cwq;fptpl;lhy; kha;e;J NghFk; tajhk;! gpd; cd;idr; rhh;e;jpUf;Fk; rhunky;yhk; fl;lg;glh epiyahk;!
,sq;fiy Kjyhz;L ,aw;gpay;

Nfrtd;>

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

gpg;uthp; 2011

fl;Liu

jpUf;Fws; rpe;jid
,yf;fpaj; jhapd; ,UjakhfTk; ngl;lfkhfTk; jpfo;tJ jpUf;Fws; vdpy; mJ kpifay;y. ts;Sth; ,aw;wpa xt;nthU Fwl;ghtpYk; Mokhd nghUs; nghjpe;jpUg;gij ,e;E}iy tpUk;gpg; gbf;fpd;w nghOjpy; czuyhk;. rhd;whfj; jpUf;Fws; mwj;Jg;ghypy;; mlf;fkpd;ik vd;Dk; mjpfhuj;jpy; ehit mlf;fpahSk; Kiw gw;wpf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shh;. ahfhth uhapDk; ehfhf;f fhthf;fhw; Nrhfhg;gh; nrhy;ypYf;Fg; gl;L
(Fws; - 127)

kdpjd; jd; ehit Rit Nghd Nghf;fpy; nrYj;jp mjdhy; thq;fpf; nfhs;Sfpd;w Neha;fs; vz;zpylq; fhjit. vdNt> ehtlf;fk; vd;gJ nrhy;ypy; kl;Lkpd;wp RitapYk; Ntz;Lnkd;w fUj;jpid Nkw;fz;l Fwl;ghtpdhy; <z;L xg;G Nehf;fr; rpwe;jJ. - tPuh. KUfhde;jk;
jkpo; KJepiy tphpTiuahsh;

mwpNthk; Mapuk;
cyfpNyNa mjpf E}y;fis ,aw;wpa E}yhrphpah; mnyf;rhz;lh; ^kh];. cyfpNyNa kpfTk; cah;e;j G+itj; jUk; Fq;Fkg; G+r;nrb. tpiy nrb

ed;nkhopAk; td;nkhopAk; gpwf;fpd;w ,lk; ehf;F MFk;. NkYk;> nrhw;Fw;wj;jpw;Ff; fhuzkhTk; ,J mikfpwgbahy; mjid mlf;fpahSk; mtrpaj;ij ,f;Fwl;gh fhl;Lfpd;wJ. kdpjd; nrhy;iy mlf;fpahs;tJ Nghy ehthy; czug;gLk; RitAk; mjhtJ czTf; fl;Lg;ghLk; kpfTk; mtrpak;. ek; clypy; Vw;gLfpd;w gy;NtW tpjkhd Neha;fSf;nfy;yhk; fhuzkhf miktJ fl;Lg;ghlw;w czT KiwahFk;.

cyfpNyNa kpfTk; caukhd efuk; rPdhtpy; cs;s ntd;Rthd; vd;w efuk;. ,e;jpahTf;Fr; nrhe;jkhf jPTfs; cs;sd. 1>197

kPd;fNs ,y;yhj fly; rhf;fly;. cyfpd; Kjy; mnkhpf;ff; fg;gy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. fk;g;A+l;lh; gilapy;

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

10

gpg;uthp; 2011

 kpfg; nghpa tphpFlh MFk;. iky;fs;.

tphpFlh tq;fhy ,jd; ePsk; 2>250

vYkpr;rk;gok;:
itl;lkpd; rp rj;J mjpfk; cs;sJ. tapw;Wf;fLg;G> gpj;j Neha;> fha;r;ry;> jhfk; Mfpatw;wpw;F kpfTk; ey;y gyid mspf;fpwJ.

cyfpNyNa G+fk;gj;jhy; mjpf mstpy; mtjpg;gLk; ehL nkf;rpNfh. cyfpNyNa fhy;eilfs; cs;s ehL ,e;jpah. mjpfk;

MuQ;R gok;:
,Uk;Gr;rj;J Vuhskhf cs;sd. rpd;dk;ik> ilgha;L> ~aNuhfk; NehAs;sth;fSk; rhg;gplyhk;. clYf;F czh;r;rpAk;> tYTk; nfhLj;J cjTfpwJ.

goq;fSk; kUj;JtKk;
khk;gok;:
mjpf ,uj;j mOj;j NehAs;sth;fs; khk;gok; rhg;gpLtJ ey;y gydspf;Fk;. ,jpy; caph;r;rj;J V cs;sjhy; ey;y fz;nzhspiaj; jUfpd;wJ.

khJsk;gok;:
FSf;Nfh]; epiwa cs;sJ. Fly;> ,Ujak;> rpWePufk; Mfpatw;iw ed;F ,aq;fr; nra;a khJsk;gok; rpwe;jJ.

Mg;gps;:
Mg;gps; gok; rj;J kpFe;j vspjpy; [PuzkhFk; gok; MFk;. Foe;ijfspd; tapw;Wg;Nghf;F Fzkhf Mg;gps; urk; nfhLf;fyhk;.

nrg;G nkhop
gjpndl;Lilahs; nrg;Gnkhop vd;W md;id ghujj;ijg; Nghw;wpg; ghbdhh; ghujpahh;. me;jg; gjpndl;L nkhopfs; vit vd;W njhpAkh?
1.m];fk;> 2.Nfhryk;> 3.JStk;> 4.mUzk;> 5.rhtfk;> 6. gg;guk;> 7.fypq;fk;> 8.rpq;fsk;> 9.kfjk;> 10.fTrpfk;> 11.rPdk;> 12. tq;fk;> 13.fhk;Nghfk;>14.Nrhdfk;> 15.nfhq;fzk;> 16.jpuhtplk;> 17. rpe;J> 18. kuhlk;

jf;fhspg;gok;:
itl;lkpd; V> rp epiwe;jJ. Cisr; rijiaf; Fiwf;fpwJ. ePhpopT Nehiaj; jzpf;fpwJ. Njhy; tpahjp> fisg;G ePqFfpwJ. ;

NghPr;rk; gok;:
kyr;rpf;fy;> tapw;Wg; Nghf;ifj; jzpf;fpwJ. gy; <Wfisg; gyg;gLj;JfpwJ. mjpf ,Uk;Gr; rj;ij clYf;F mspf;fpwJ.

J. ru];tjp
jkpo; KJepiy tphpTiuahsh;

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

11

gpg;uthp; 2011

rhjidg; ngz;kzp
tsh;e;J tUk; ,e;j mwptpay; Afj;jpy; rhjid Ghpe;Njhh; gyh;. mth;fSs; Gfo;ngw;W tpsq;fpa ngz;kzp ahh; njhpAkh? mth;jhd; fpA+hp mk;ikahh;. fpA+hp mk;ikahh; Nghye;J ehl;by; 1867Mk; Mz;L gpe;jhh;. ,tUila ngw;NwhUf;F nkhj;jk; 5 Foe;ijfs;. ,tNu mth;fSs; ,isath;. ,tUila %j;j rNfhjhp kUj;Jtf; fy;tp gapy tpUk;gpdhh;. Mdhy;> ,thplk; nghUshjhu trjp ,y;iy. ,isats; Nkhp. ,th; mwptpay; fy;tp fw;f tpUk;gpdhh;. Mdhy;> ngz;Zf;F mwptpay; fiy Njitapy;iy. rikay; fiyNa NghJk; vdf; fy;Y}hp eph;thfk; $wpaJ. kPz;Lk; Nkhp gpuhd;R Njrk; nrd;W fy;Y}hpapy; Nrh;e;J> jd; tho;tpd; ,yl;rpakhd mwptpay; fy;tpiag; gapd;whh;. tpQ;Qhd Nkij gpA+hpfpA+hpia Nkhp jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhh;. ,iltplh Muha;r;rpapd; gadhf fztd;> kidtp ,UtUk; Kjypy; nghNyhdpak; vd;Dk; nghUisf; fz;Lgpbj;jdh;. mjd; gpd;dh;> ,uz;L Mz;Lfs; ,iltplh Muha;r;rpf;Fg; gpwF Nubaj;ijf; fz;L gpbj;jdh;. Nkhp fpA+hp mth; fztuhd gpA+hpfpA+hpf;Fk;

1903-Mk; Mz;L Nehgy; ghpR toq;fg;gl;lJ. Nubaj;jpd; cjtpahy; kdpj Fyj;jpw;Ff; NfL tpistpf;Fk; Gw;WNeha; kw;Wk; gytifj; Njhy; tpahjpfisf; Fzkhf;fyhk; vdf; fz;lwpe;jdh;. mtUila fzth; vjph;ghuhj tpjkhf tpgj;jpy; ,we;jhh;. mjd; gpd;dh; mtUila fzth; mw;wpa Nguhrphpah; gzp mtUf;F mspf;fg;gl;lJ. mg;gzpia mth; rpwg;ghfr; nra;jhh;. mth; Nkd;NkYk; Muha;r;rpfs; gy nra;J ,aw;ifapy; xsptpLk; jdpkkhd Nubaj;jpd; mZ viliaf; fz;Lgpbj;jjhy; mtUf;F ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf 1911 Mk; Mz;L Nehgy; ghpR toq;fg;gl;lJ. mjd; gpd;dh; mth; gy ehl;bduhYk; miof;fg;gl;L nfsutpf;fg;gl;L> gl;lq;fisAk;> ghpRfisAk; ngw;whh;. nraw;fhpa nra;j fpA+hp mk;ikahh; 1934 Mk; Mz;L jk; taJ Kjph;tpdhYk; cly; jsh;r;rpahYk; ,aw;if va;jpdhh;. ,t;Tyfpy; kdpjFyk; thOk; kl;Lk; Nubak; epiyj;J epw;Fk;. mJtiu mthpd; GfOk; epiyj;J epw;Fk;. fpA+hp mk;ikahUf;Fk; gpd; mth; kfs; IhpDk; kUkfd; N[hypahl; fpA+hpAk; njhlh;e;J mwptpay; Muha;r;rpapy; <Lgl;L> nraw;iff;

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

12

gpg;uthp; 2011

fjph;tPr;R gw;wpa Ntjpapay; Muha;r;rpf;fhf 1935 Mk; Mz;L Nehgy; ghprpidg; ngw;wdh;. xNu FLk;gj;jpy; %d;W Nehgy; ghpR ngw;w rhjid ,d;W tiu Kwpabf;fg;gltpy;iy. K.=. tdpjhNjtp>
,sq;fiy tzpftpay; (fzpdp) ,uz;lhkhz;L> Nf.v];.Mh;. fiy mwptpay; kfsph; fy;Y}hp.

FzRe;jhp> Xtpag;Nghl;b %d;whk; ghpR v];. jputpz;ah> jdpj;jpwd; Nghl;b : taypd; - Kjy; ghpR gp. tpf;Nd~;> fpj;jhh; - Kjy; ghpRv];. kNdh[; Fkhh;> gyFuy; Nghl;b ,uz;lhk; ghpR vk; ghyh[p> gp. Nkhfd; Fkhh;> vk;. ghz;bad;> rp. fhh;j;jp> nkfe;jp Nghl;b vk;. ghpah ghpRngw;w midj;J khzhf;fh; fSf;Fk; tpbaypd; tho;j;Jfs;.

mwptpg;G ;
Mh; midj;jpe;jpa Muha;r;rpf; fofk; jdJ VohtJ fUj;juq;if 2011-y; epfo;j;j cs;sJ. ,f;fUj;juq;ff; fl;LiufSf;F %d;W ghpRfs; toq;fg;gLk; vDk; mwptpg;igj; jdJ MwhtJ gd;dhl;Lf; fUj;juq;fpy; 19.12.2010 ,y; mwptpj; Js;sJ. ghpRj; njhif: Kjy; ghpR 10>000

2010-f;fhd rhfpj;a mfhnjkp tpUJ

vOj;jhsh; ehQ;rpy; ehlDf;F 2010-f;fhd Mz;bw;fhd rhfpj;a mfhnjkp tpUJ fpilj;Js;sJ. ,t;tpUJ mtuJ R+ba G+ R+lw;f vd;w rpWfij njhFg;Gf;F toq;fg; gLfpwJ. 160 gf;fq;fspy; 12 rpW fijfs; nfhz;l ,e;jj; njhFjp 2007,y; jkpopdp gjpg;gfk; %yk; ntspahdJ. 2009,y; kWgjpg;G fz;lJ. fd;dpahFkhp khtl;lk; Njhthis jhYfh> tPuehuhazkq;fyj;ijr; Nrh;e;j ehQ;rpy; ehldpd; ,aw;ngah; Rg;gpu kzpak;. ,th; 1947Mk; Mz;L gpwe;jhh;. tptrhaf; FLk;gj;ijr; Nrh;ejth;. ; ngw;Nwhh; fzgjpa gps;is ru];tjp mk;khs;> kidtp re;jpah>

,uz;lhtJ ghpR -3>000 %d;whtJ ghpR 2>000

Nghl;bfSf;fhd nghUz;ik: ePjp E}y;fs; fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; filg;gpbj;jy; vd;gjhFk;.

tho;j;Jfs; ;
khtl;l mstpy; elj;jg;ngw;w ,isQh; jpUtpoh 2011 Nghl;bapy; gy;NtW gphpTfspy; ek; fy;Y}hp khzhf;fh;fs; ghpR ngw;Ws;sdh;. ftpij Kjy; ghpR - gp. N`kyjh> Ngr;Rg;Nghl;b %d;whk; ghpR [p.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

13

gpg;uthp; 2011

kfs; rq;fPjh kUj;Jth;> kfd; fNz~; nghwpahsh;. ,UtUk; ngq;f@hpy; gzpGhpfpd;wdh;. 1977,y; ,tuJ jiyfPo; tpfpjq;fs; ehty; ntspahdJ. Kjy; ehty; gutyhd fzpg;igg; ngw;W vl;L gjpg;Gfspy; 18 Mapuk; gpujpfs; tpw;Wj; jPh;e;jd. ,J ,af;Feh; jq;fh;gr;rhd; ,af;fj;jpy; nrhy;ykwe;j fij vd;w jpiug; glkhf ntspahdJ. vd;gpyjid ntapy;fhAk;> khkprg; gilg;G> kpjit> rJuq;ff; Fjpiu> vl;Lj;jpf;Fk; kjahid Nghd;wit ,tuJ ehty;fs;;. rJuq;ff; Fjpiu ehty;> 1995,y; jkpof murpd; rpwe;j ehtYf;fhd ghpirg; ngw;wJ. Kk;ig jkpo; vOj;jhsh; rq;fk;> jpUg;G+h; jkpo;r; rq;f tpUJ> Nfhit mwf;fl;lis tpUJ> ypy;yp Njt rpfhkzp tpUJ> mKjd; mbfs;> fz;zjhrd; tpUJ cs;spl;l tpUJ fis ,th; ngw;Ws;shh;. 35 Mz;LfSf;Fk; Nkyhf jPtpu gilg;Gyfpy; cs;s ,th;> ,J tiu 112 rpWfijfs;> 6 ehty;fs;> 9 rpWfijj; njhFg;Gfs;> 2 ftpij njhFg;Gfs;> 5 fl;Liu njhFg;Gfis vOjpAs;shh;.

,tUila rpWfijfsp;y; gy Mq;fpyk;> gpnuQ;R> kiyahsk;> Mfpa nkhopfspy; nkhopngah;f;fg; gl;Ls;sd. gs;sp> fy;Y}hp ghlj; jpl;lq;fspy; ghlq;fshf ,lk; ngw;wpUf;fpd;wd.

vtnu];l;by; K];yPk; ngz;fs;

vtnu];l; cyfpNyNa kpf caukhd rpfuk;. 1953-Mk; Mz;L jhd; Kjd;Kjypy; kdpjd; jd; fhybia vtnu];l; rpfuj;jpy; Vwpath;fs; vl;kz;l; `py;yhhpAk;> nld;rpq;Fk;. ,Jtiu Mapuj;J mWE}W Ngh; vtnu];l; rpfuj;jpy; VwpapUf; fpwhh;fs;. ,jpy; 120 Ngh; ngz;fs;. ,Jtiu K];yPk; ngz;fs; ahUk; vtnu];l; rpfuj;jpy; Vwpajpy;iy. ,g;NghJ> <uhd; ehl;ilr; Nrh;e;j Kg;gj;jhW taJ gh;Nfhz;Nl rhNl`; kw;Wk; ,Ugj;ije;J tajhd yhNg Nfrh;th;]; Mfpa ,uz;L K];yPk; ngz;fs; vtnu];by; Vwp rhjidg; gilj; jpUf;fpwhh;fs;. j. ejpah>
,sq;fiy fzpdp mwptpay; Kjyhz;L m gphpT

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

14

gpg;uthp; 2011

fy;Y}hpj; jhshsh; tpbay; ,jOf;F mspj;j Ngl;b

jq;fspd; ,sikf;fhyk; $Wq;fNsd;? gw;wpf;

gl;lj;ijtpl cah;e;j gl;lq;fshff; fUjp kfpo;fpNwd;. vdJ ,sikf; fhy; ez;gh;fs; ,d;Dk; vd; ,ja rpk;khrdj;jpy; cs;shh;fs;.

jq;fs; ngw;Nwhh; $Wq;fNsd;?

gw;wpf;

vdJ ,sikg;gUtk; ,aw;if vopy; nfhQ;Rk; fUNtg;gk;gl;b vd;w Chpy; vspa Kiwapy; fope;jJ. fpuhkj;J kz;thrid fko;e;j vd; Chpy; fy;tpthrid tPrtpy;iy. jpUr;nrq;Nfhl;by; ,Ue;j ,uz;nlhU gs;spfs; jhd; fpuhkg;Gw khzth;fspd; ek;gpf;if el;rj;jpukhf md;W jpfo;e;jd. njhiyJ}uj;J R+hpadhff; fy;tp ,Ue;jjhYk; mij mila Ntz;Lk; vd;w Ntfk; vd;Ds; gutj; njhlq;fpaJ. njhiyitg; nghUl; gLj;jhJ gyikf;fy; ele;J te;J ehd;fhk; tFg;G tiu jpUr;nrq;NfhL fiykfs; gs;spapy; gbj;Njd;. eilg;gazk; vdJ fy;tpg; gazj;jpw;Fj; jilf; fy;yhdJ. vd; fy;tpj; jhfj;ijj; jPh;f;f ,ayhj fhyr; R+oy; md;W epytpaJ. gy;fiyf;fof gl;lq;fs; ngwh tpl;lhYk; gy;fiyf; fofj;ij cUthf;Fk; gl;lwpT vd;Ds; Ftpe;jJ. nghs;shl;rp ts;sy; mUl;nry;th; e.kfhypq;fk; mth;fs; vdf;F nfhq;F ehl;Lr; rhjidahsh; vd;w gl;lj;ij toq;fpAs;shh;fs;. cyf jkpo;f; ftpQh; kd;wk; Kjyhd kf;fs; kd;wq;fs; vdf;Ff; fy;tpj;je;ij> vl;lhk; ts;sy;> njhopy; Fhprpy; Kjyhd gj;Jf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l gl;lq;fs; je;Js;sd. ,g;gl;lq;fisg; gy;fiyf;fofg;

vdJ md;;gpw;fpdpa ngw;Nwhh;fs; nrd;dpkiyf; fTz;lh;> gr;rpak;khs; Mthh;fs;. mth;fs; vd; kPJ khshj md;G fhl;bdhh;fs;. ,d;W ehd; kiy Kflha; cah;tjw;F mbj;jsk; ,l;lth;fs; mth;fNs. fbd ciog;G jd;ek;gpf;if MfpadNt vdf;F mth;fs; mspj;j rPjdk;. mJNt vdJ Kd;Ndw;wj; jpw;F %yjdk;. Ntshz;njhopiy vd; kPJ jpzpf;fhJ ehd; tpUk;Gk;njhopiy Nkw;nfhs;s mDkjpj;jJ vd; ngw;Nwhh;;fspd; ngUe;jidikf;Fr; rhd;whFk;. ,sk; tajpdpNy vdf;Fj; jpUkzk; nra;J itj;jhh;fs;. uhrpAs;s vd; kidtp uh[k;khs; te;j gpd;jhd; vd; tho;f;if Vw;wKk; khw;wKk; ngw;W G+j;J> fha;j;J> FYq;fj; njhlq; fpaJ.

jq;fs; tho;tpy; jpUg;GKid rk;gtk; Fwpg;gpLq;fNsd;?

Vw;gl;l gw;wpf;

tptrhaj; njhopiy tpl;Lg; ghy;gz;iz njhopYf;F te;jJ Kjy; jpUg;gk;. nra;Ak; njhopiy vy;yhk; rPh;J}f;fpg; ghh;f;fpd; nea;Ak; njhopYf;F epfh; ,y;iy vd

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

15

gpg;uthp; 2011

nerthsh; ngUkf;fs; $Wthh;fs;. mj;jif nerTj; njhopypy; <Lgl;lJ mLj;j jpUg;gk;. Miyfs; njhlq;fpaJ mLj;j jpUg;gk;. ntspehLfSf;F Milfs; Vw;Wkjp nra;jJ mjw;F mLj;j jpUg;gk;. murpay; <Lghl;lhy; jpUr;nrq;NfhL Cuhl;rp xd;wpa ngUe;jiytuhdJ xU Gjpa jpUg;gk;. mhpkh rq;f nghWg;Gf;fis Vw;W nghJg;gzpapy; <Lgl;lJ xU ey;y jpUg;gk;. fy;tpj; Jiwf;F te;jJ khngUk; jpUg;gkhFk;.

fy;tpg;gzpapy; <Lgl jq;fSf;F ce;J rf;;jpahf tpsq;fpa rk;gtk; gw;wpg; gfph;e;J nfhs;Sq;fNsd;?
gapw;wpg; gy fy;tp je;J ,g;ghiu cah;j;jpl Ntz;Lk; vd;w ghujpapd; thpfSk; E}W tUl njhiyNehf;Fld; rpe;jpg;gtNu fy;tpf; $lk; mikg;gh; vd;w gonkhopAk; vd;id ce;jpa Kjy; ce;J rf;jpfshFk;. ehd; jpUr;nrq;NfhL Cuhl;rp ngUe; jiytuhf ,Ue;jNghJ ,y;yhik> Nghjhik> mwpahik> fy;yhik> jPzlhik Mfpa Mikfs; R+o;ej ; ; fpuhkq;fisg; ghh;j;Njd;. ,e;j Mikfis mopf;Fk; khkUe;J fy;tp jhd; vd;gij vd; gl;lwpthy; czh;e;Njd;. ,e;jpa tiuglj;jpy; njhiye;JNghd gy fpuhkq;fspy; murpd; cjtpNahL gy gs;spfisj; Njhw;Wtpj;Njd;. ehkf;fy; khtl;lj;jpy; cah; fy;tpNah njhopw;fy;tpNah fw;f tha;g;gpd;wpj; jtpj;j ,isQhpd; Vf;fq;fs; vd;idg; nghpJk; cUj;jpaJ. nfhq;F ehl;ilf; fiykfs; jq;Fk; ehlhf khw;wNtz;Lk;

vd;w kd ce;Jjy; vd;Ds; vOe;jJ. vdNt vdJ nrhe;j gzj;jpy; nea;fhug;gl;bapy; 1984,y; ghypnlf;dpf; fy;Y}hpiaj; njhlq; fpNdd;. kf;fspd; MjuT ngUfpaJ. gy;NtW nghJ epWtdq;fs; tpohf;fs; vLj;J vdJ fy;tpg; gzpiag; ghuhl;bd. mitfs; vd;id NkYk; NkYk; fy;tpg; gzpapy; <Lgl Cf;Ftpj;jd. nghwpapay;> kUj;Jtk;> fiy> mwptpay;> fy;tpapay; fy;Y}hpfs; vdg; gjpide;J fy;tp epiyaq;fs; Njhd;w vdJ fy;tp epWtd Kjy;th;fs;> Nguhrphpah;fs;> jpU. Jiurhkp> jpU. fpU~;zd; Kjyhd Bd;fs; vd; epWtd gzpahsh;fs; vdJ kidtp> kfd;fs;> kUkfs;fs; MfpNahUila MjuT ngUk; ce;J rf;jpahf tpsq;fpaJ - tpsq;FfpwJ. vd;dhy; gbf;f Kbahj gbg;ig vd; fy;tp epWtdj;jpd; %yk; jkpo;ehl;L khzth; kl;Lky;yhJ ,e;jj; juzptho; khzth;fSk; ngw;W tUfpwhh;fs; vd;gij vz;Zk; NghJ NkYk; ce;jg;gLfpNwd;. kdepiwT ngWfpNwd;. Nf.v];.Mh;. fy;tp epWtdj;jpy; gapd;Nwhh; ghh;KOtJk; gzpahw;Wfpwhh;fs; vd;gijg; gyh; %yk; Nfl;Fk; NghJk;> mwpAk; NghJk; vdJ ciog;gpd; ngUik iaAk; juj;ijAk; czh; fpNwd;. vd; gpwtpapd; gad; ,J jhNdh vd czh;fpNwd;.

,d;iwa jiyKiw fSf;Fj; jhq;fs; tpUk;GtJ vd;d?

khzth; nrhy;y

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

16

gpg;uthp; 2011

cyf rhjidahsh;fs; midtUk; jk; rhjidfis epfo;j;jpaJ ,sk; gUtj;jpy;jhd; vd;gij ,d;iwa ,isa jiyKiw czuNtz;Lk;. ,isQh;fs; tPudha;> mwpQdha;> mofdha; ,Ug;gNjhLk; kdpjuhAk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,d;iwa khzth;fs; jd;dk;gpf;ifAld; fbdkhd ciog; igAk; Nkw;nfhz;lhy; me;j thdNk mth;fSf;F trg;gLk;. khzth;fs; fy;tp xOf;fk; ,uz;ilAk; ,U fz;fshfg; Nghw;w Ntz;Lk;. ngw;Nwhh; fisAk; Mrphpah;fisAk; Nghw;w Ntz;Lk;. tplhKaw;rpNahL njhopy;El;g mwpitAk; kjpEl;g Ngr;Rj;jpwidAk; tsh;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. tPl;Lg;gw;NwhL ehl;Lg; gw;iwAk; Nghw;w Ntz;Lk;. ed;wp kwthik> Gjpad gilj;jy;> jPad jtph;j;jy;> cah;e; jtiug; ghh;j;J ehKk; cau Ntz;Lk; vd cWjp vLj;jy;> jkpo;g; gz;ghl;ilg; Nghw;wy; tsh;e;J tUk; fzpdp Afj;jpw;F Vw;gj; jd;id thh;j;Jf; nfhs;sy; Kjyhd tpO kq;fis khzth;fs; Nkw; nfhz;lhy; ,e;jpah 2020,y; ty;yurhFk; vd;gJ jpz;zk;. ,JNt vd; ,dpa ,isa jiyKiwf;F ehd; nrhy;y tpUk;GtdthFk;.

jq;fefuk; rpjk;guk;
rpjk;guk;;> nrd;idf;Fk; jpUr;rpf;Fk; ,ilNa gpujhd topapy; mike;Js;sJ. gQ;rG+j jyq;fspy; Mfhaj; jykhf tpsq;FtJ rpjk;guk;. gujf; fiyapd; KOKjw; nghUshd eluhrh; Mde;j elkhLk; ,lk;. ,e;j CUf;Fj; jpUr; rpw;wk;gyk;> jpy;iy> rpj;jpuf;$lk; vdg; gy ngah;fs; cz;L. ,q;Fg; gujf; fiyapy; 108 tif rpw;gq;fs; moFw nrJf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. re;jd kuj;jhy; 28 J}z;fs; mikf;fg;gl;ld. ,jd; nghUs; Mfkq;fs; 28 MFk;. rpjk;guj;jp ypUe;J Rkhh; 15 fp.kP njhiytpy; gpr;rhtuk; mike; Js;sJ. gpr;rhtuk; Ngnuopy; nfhQ;rp tpisahLk; <L ,izaw;w xU Rw;Wyhj;jykhFk;. ,q;Ff; fly; Nghd;w ePh;g;gug;G cs;sJ. me;j ePh;g;gug;gpd; tdg;gpy; tdg;gFjpAk; cs;sJ. me;j tdg;gFjpjhd; gpr;rhtuk; fhLfs; vd;W nrhy;yg; gLfpwJ. glfpd; Jiz nfhz;Ljhd; mq;Nf nry;y KbAk;. ,f;fhLfspy; RuGd;id vd;w kuq;fs; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,k;kuq;fs; cyfpNyNa MW ,lq;fspy;jhd; cs;sd. ,k;kuq;fspd; tpijfs; jz;zPUf;Fs; tpOfpd;wd. mit jhkhfNt Kisj;J kuq;fshfp tpLfpd;wd. ,q;F mjpf mspty;

Ngl;b xUq;fpizg;G :
ftpQh;

jpU. Nkh. M. Atuhrh>

jkpo;g;Nguhrphpah;> Nf.v];.Mh;. fy;tpapay; fy;Y}hp.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

17

gpg;uthp; 2011

Rw;Wyhg; gazpfs; te;J nry;fpd;wdh;. ,jdhy; ,r;Rw;Wyhj;Jiw ,e;j ,lj;jpw;F mwpQh; mz;zh Rw;Wyh tshfk; vd;w ngaiur; R+l;bAs;sJ.
e. Rfd;ah>
,sq;fiy tzpftpay; (fzpdp) ,uz;lhkhz;L> Nf.v];.Mh;. fiy mwptpay; kfsph; fy;Y}hp.

tsk; Fd;wh Ntshz;ik vd;gJ gy;yhz;LfSf;F Ntshz; cw;gj; jpiar; rPuhfg; ngWtjw;fhfTk;> rKjhaj;jpw;Fj; njhlh;e;J gad;gLk;gbr; nra;Ak; xU rpwe;j rhFgb KiwahFk;. mjdhy; etPd kw;Wk; njhopy; rhh;;e;j Ntshz; Kiwfshd mwpKfj;jhy; epytsk; Fd;Wjy;> caph;g;gpd;ik> tsk; Fiwjy;> ePh;epiyfs; khRWjy;> kdpjdpd; cly; eyr; rPuopT> jhtu kw;Wk; tpyq;Ffs; ghjpg;GWjy; Nghd;wit Vw;gLfpd;wd. njhopy;El;g Af;jpfisg; GFj;jp Ntshz;ikia Nkk;gLj;Jk; KiwNa gRikg; Gul;rpahFk;. Ntshz; Kiwapd; jpwikapid mjpfhpj;J mjd;%yk; czT cw;gj;jpia mjpfhpg;gNj gRikg; Gul;rpapd; Kf;fpa Nehf;fkhFk;. tsk; Fd;wh Ntshz; cw;gj;jpf;F ePh;tsk; kpf Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. Ntshz;ikf;F Rkhh; 92 tpOf;fhL ed;dPh; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. tptrhapfSf;F ,aw;if kio nghopNt ePh; Mjhukhf cs;sJ. epiyahd gaph; rhFgbf;F> ek; ehl;by; Rkhh; 75 tpOf;fhL epyg;gug;G kioiaNa ek;gpAs;sJ. epyj;jbePh; tsk; Fiwe;J nfhz;L tUtjhYk; fpilf;Fk; kio ePiur; Nrkpg;gJ fbdkhf

tsk; Fd;wh Ntshz;ik

Gjpa njhopy;El;gq;fs; kw;Wk; etPd ,urhad cuq;fspdhy; ekJ ghuk;ghpa Ntshz; Kiwfs; midj;Jk; gbg;gbahf khwp tUfpd;wd. mjpf kfR+y; ngWtjw;fhf> xNu gaph; tifNa gy tUlq;fSf;Fj; njhlh;e;J rhFgb nra;ag;gl;L tUfpd;wJ. mjpf mstpy; G+r;rpf;nfhy;yp kUe;Jfs; kw;Wk; ,urhad cuq;fisg; gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Rw;Wr; R+oypy; fLikahd ghjpg;Gfs; Vw;gLfpd;wd. Rj;jkhd ePh; kw;Wk; J}a;ikahd fhw;W gw;wp ehk; rpe;jpfFk; Ntisapy; Gtpapd; Rw;Wr;R+oiy eLepiyg; gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> ehk; ePbj;J thoTk;> ehk; xt;nthUtUk; Ntshz; cw;gj;jp Fd;whikapd; mbg;gil Nehf;fk; gw;wpj; njhpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;baJ mtrpakhd xd;whFk;. kdpjFyk; ePbj;J thoTk; tsk; Fd;wh Ntshz;ik ,d;wpaikahjjhFk;.

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

18

gpg;uthp; 2011

,Ug;gjhYk; ehk; ePh;g;ghrdj;ijNa ek;gpAs;Nshk;. ,e;jpahtpy; fpzWfs;> Mo;Jisf; fpzWfs;> Cw;Wfs;> Vhpfs; kw;Wk; fhy;tha;fs; ePh;g;gh rdj;jpw;F Kf;fpa Mjhukhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. iel;u[d;> gh];gu]; kw;Wk; nghl;lh~; Nghd;w fdpk Cl;lr; rj;Jf;fis mjpfhpf;fr; nra;aNt ,urhad cuj;ij mjpf msT Ntshz; rhFgbf;Fg; gad;gLj; jg;gLfpd;wd. ,itfs; ,urhad cuj;jpy; vspjpy; fiuaf; $baitahf cs;sjhy;> gaph; tsh;rrpf;F ; cWJiz Ghpfpd;wd. jhtuq;fs; my;yJ tpyq;Ffspd; cly; eyj;jpw;Fj; jPq;F tpistpf;Fk; ve;j xU G+r;rpfs;> G+Q;irfs;> gf;Bhpahf;fs;> itu];fs;> fisfs; my;yJ tpyq;FfNsh jPq;Faphpfs; vd;wiof;fg;gLfpd;wd. gaph;fs;> goq; fs; kw;Wk; tpahghu Kf;fpaj; Jtkpf;f jhtug; nghUl;fisf; fhf;Fk; jPq;Faphpfs; gaph;j; jPqFaphpfs; vd;W ; miof;fg;gLfpd;wd. czT cw;gj;jpapy; Ntshz; ,urhadq;fs; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpd;wd. njhlh;r;rpahfg; gy Mz;LfSf;F ,urhadq;fisg; gad; gLj;Jtjhy; kz; kw;Wk; epyj;jb ePh; khRgLfpd;wd. K.=. tdpjhNjtp>
,sq;fiy tzpftpay; (fzpdp) ,uz;lhkhz;L> Nf.v];.Mh;. fiy mwptpay; kfsph; fy;Y}hp.

ijkfNs eP tUf!
ij kfNs eP tUf! epj;jk; G+j;jpLk; ,d;gNk jhd; tUf! jkpoh; tho;T nropf;fTk; jkpoh; tsk; ngUfTk; - te;j tz;zf; fiy kfNs! eP tUf! cd;dj tptrhaNk jhd; tUf! cs;sj;J xsp tpsf;Nf eP tUf! Neh;j;jpAld; nehbg;nghOjpy; ij kfNs eP Xb tUf! gz;ghl;il kwthj jkpoh eP ij kfis tuNtw;f XNlhb th jkpoh! j. kzpfz;ld;
,sq;fiyj; jkpo; ,uz;lhkhz;L

fhyj;jpw;F Vw;g Fwl;;ghf;fs;

Coy;; mtkhdr; rpd;dk; mJNt ekf;F gifaha; nfLk; f. nka;aofd; Coiy Nghf;Fk; toptif nra;jNy rhjiy Nghf;Fk; kUe;J rp. fpU~;z %h;j;jp; Nehapdhy;; te;j Jah; khWNk khwhJ Coyhy; nehe;j kdk; rp. ~h;kpsh gphpajh;~pdp ,sq;fiyj; jkpo; %d;whkhz;L khzhf;fh;fs;

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

19
gpg;uthp; 2011

njhlh; nra;As; : gFjp - 06

Nf.v];.Mh;. gps;isj; jkpo;

fz;nzy;yhk; fz;zy;y fy;tpjhd; fz;nzd;W fhrpdpapy; xsit nrhd;dhs;. fz;Nghy mijNaw;W fUj;jpNy cuNkw;wp fy;Y}hp gyTk; fz;lha;! vz;zpyhg; gynjhopy;fs; ve;ehSk; nra;jhYk; vj;njhopiyr; nra;jhYk; mj;njhopypd; El;gj;ij Vw;Wzh;e;J ntw;wp fz;lha;! ntz;zpyh Nghyhil ntz;zPW new;wpapy; ntw;wpjUk; J}a nrhy;Yk;. Ntw;wth; fw;wth; cw;wth; kw;wth; NtWgh by;yhj neQ;Rk; cd;dpNy nfhz;lth! cioj;Jeyk; fz;lth! cj;jkNd! tUif jhuha;! cah;Fzf; Foe;ijNa! xsph;kdj; juq;fNd! cd;djNd!tUif jhuha;!
ftpQh;

6.

tUifg; gUtk;

Jsh;eilapl;L elf;Fk; Foe;ijiaj; jk;ghy; ele;J tUkhW ngw;Nwhh; Ntz;Lk; gUtk; ,J. Foe;ijapd; 13-Mk; jpq;fspy; ,/J epfOk;.

jpU. Nkh. M. Atuhrh>

jkpo;g;Nguhrphpah;> Nf.v];.Mh;. fy;tpapay; fy;Y}hp.

rpj;jpiu cd;dpy; fz;Nld; ,Uf;ifapy; ,Ue;JeP ,Uf;ifahy; <e;jpLk; <ifapy; cd;dpy; fz;Nld;. gj;jpiu khw;Wf;Fg; gjpyhf Xh;nghd;idg; ghhpy;ahd; fz;ljpy;iy gz;Gs;s epd;neQ;rg; nghd;Df;F <lhf gj;jpiuAk; ,Ug;gjpy;iy. epj;jpiu kwe;JeP epfhpyh ciog;igNa epfo;j;jpdha; ntw;wpngw;wha; epiwnry;tk; Nrh;j;jhYk; nrUf;nfd;Wk; Nruhj ed;neQ;rk; ePAk; cw;wha;. Mj;jpiu Nghy;kzf;Fk; mUq;Fzf; Foe;ijNa! md;gNd! tUif jhuha;! mUspdhy; cyfhSk; mh;j;jeh hpiaj; njhOk; muq;fNd! tUif jhuaha;!
,j;jpiu kPjpdpy; Kj;jpiu gjpj;jpLk;

gpd;gf;f ml;il Xtpak;

v];. jputpz;ah
,sq;fiy fzpjk; ,uz;lhkhz;L

tpbay; khj ,jo; - 22

20

gpg;uthp; 2011