0

Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal, no. 0, pp. 0 (00)

Taipei: Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies
ISSN: 0-



Phags pa Blo gros rgyal mtshan, -80

.. . . .
6.

 

-

-9

-9
-

-

 

Phags pa Blo gros

rgyal mtshan, -80

9

96
99

 

Christopher Beckwith

Beckwith
99
Beckwith 96

Beckwith, Christopher, A Hitherto Unnoticed Yan-Period Collection Attributed

to Phags pa, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies commemorating the 200th
Anniversary of the Birth of Alexander Csoma de Crs, edited by Louis Ligeti, I.
Budapest: Akadmiai Kiad, 1984, pp. 9-16. Beckwith

Jnos Szerb

9960-

009-6



006-

Sa skya pandita Kun dga rgyal mtshanBu ston Rin

chen grub

006-08Shen Weirong, Tibetan Tantric Buddhism at

the Court of the Great Mongol Khans: Sa skya pandita and Phags pas works in
Chinese during the Yuan Period, Quaestiones Mongolorum Disputatae 1 (Tokyo:
Association for International Studies of Mongolian Culture, 2005), pp. 61-89.
-9

 6

1-23
lam brasLam
bras bu dang bcas pai rtsa ba rdo rjei tshig rkang
Virpa
Hevajra TantraSampu Tantra
bDag med mo
GhayadharaBrog mi kya ye
shesKun dga snying po
09-8
10
Dehra Dun
Lam bras rnam grel bcu gcig

bla ma dam pa la phyag tshal lo


10

VIICyrus Stearns, Luminous Life, The

Story of the Early Masters of the Lam bras in Tibet (Boston: Wisdom Publication,
2002), p. 51.
Lam bras rnam grel bcu gcig (Dehra Dun, Sa skya Center,
1985).
dPal ldan sa skya pai gsung rab0Lam
bras
gZhung rdo rjei tshig rkang gi
grel pa rnal byor dbang phyug dpal sa skya pa chen pos sras rje btsun sku mched
kyi don du mdzad pa bzhugs so
Lam bras gzhung bshad a seng ma bzhugs so
00



snang ba gsum bstan pai lam

rgyud gsum bstan pai lam
thabs shes rab kyi phyogs so lhung bai rnal byor pai lam gyi bar chad
jig rten pai lamjig
srung ba

rten las das pai lam

1-29
dPal bde mchog khor loi sgrub thabs

bde mchog

bSod nams grags

N ro chos drug

11

11



 8

1. 1-9

12

13

12
13

6

6 

9

14

Tantra

15

16

17
14

15
16
17

6/00-0
6
8

996-998A8

 60

2. 9-19

Nropa

bskyes rimrdzogs rim

3. 19-20

4. 20-22

man ngag

6

5. 22-23

6. 23-25

7. 26

8. 26-27

od gsalsgyu lusrmi lam

lam khyer

9. 27

10. 27-29

 6

18
1. 1-519

Grags pa
rgyal mtshan gyi bka bum

dBang po rab
bring gsum gyis bkri ba20
18

19

20

Grgas pa rgyal mtshan

Kun dga rgyal mtshanPhags pa Blo gros rgyal
mtshanVirpa

rNal byor chen po Grags pa rgyal mtshan

Beckwith the Master
named Tung (=(Kun dg) rgyal mtshan)

grags pa
Grags pa rgyal mtshan

Jam mgon A myes zhabs Ngag dbang kun dga bsod nams, Dzam gling byang
phyogs kyi thub pai rgyal tshab chen po dpal ldan sa skya pai gdung rabs rin po
che ji ltar byon pai tshul gyi rnam par thar pa ngo mtshar rin po chei bang mdzod
dgos dod kun byung, A History of the Khon Lineage of Prince-abbots of Sa skya
, Reproduced from a rare print by Tashi Dorji (Dolanji:

6

2. 5-9
Sa skya

sgrub pa
pandita Kun dga rgyal mtshan

lung sbyin
Pandita Kun dga rgyal

mtshan gyi bka bum21

dpal ldan sa skyai dben gnas dam pa ru

Sa skya

22

3. 9-11

8
23 Byin rlabs kyi brgyud pa ma nyams pai lag len gyi
tho yig

24

4. 12-16
21

22

23
24

Tibetan Bonpo Monastic Centre, 1975), pp. 47

Sa skya pai bka bum968
-
Shen Weirong, Tibetan Tantric Buddhism at the Court of the Great Mongol
Khans: Sa skya pandita and Phags pas works in Chinese during the Yuan
Period.
6---8--


 6

rTen brel lnga rdzogs


25

5.
16-24

chos rje ba

Lam zab mo bla mai rnal byor bzhugs so

26

27

6. 24-26
Bla mai rnal byor
Chos rgyal Phags pai bka bum28

29
25

26
27

28
29

---9-- Shen Weirong, Tibetan Tantric

Buddhism at the Court of the Great Mongol Khans.
9----
G. Kara, Peter Zieme, Die uigurischen bersetzungen des Guruyogas Tiefer
Weg von Sa-skya Pandita und der Majurinmasamgti (BT VIII) (Berlin, 1977).
60-----

Sa skya gdung rabsKun dga

6

1.
1-3

kun gzhi
Kun gzhi rgyu
rgyud kyi tho yig
Kun gzhi rgyu rgyud
las phros nas khor das dbyer med kyi lta bai rtsa ba
30

2. 3-5

30

snying po

Lam bras don bsdud ma

sGa theng maZhu byas maKlo skya ma
dGe bshes sNyag
phyag dpede dag gi bar skabs kyi gsal
byed yi geKun gzhi rgyu rgyudgDan sogs
lus dkyil Chi ltas brtag paChi bslu
Da kha mai gdams ngagThig lei rnal byor
Phyag rgyai mtshan nyidYi
ges sgo dgag pai man ngagBar do bzhi
Lam dus kyi dbangTshad ma bzhi
gDams ngag drugrTen brel lnga
rDo rje mkha groi sbyin sregGrib ma
khrus kyis sel baTsha tshas sel ba
pp. -6

Sa skya lam bras literature seriesDehra Dun, Sakya Center, 1983II

191-194

 66

31

3. 5-7
lus kyi dkyil khor

4-5. 7-10
Chi ltas brtag pa Ras
chung pa rDo rje grags pa08-6

32

6. 10-11

7. 11-12

31

32

Kun dga snying poi bka bum8---88--


999-0

6

8. 12-13

9. 13

10-11.13-17
pho bagrong jug

12. 17-19

Lam dus kyi dbang rgyas

pa blang pai lag len33

dPon mo Go go tsan


13. 19-21

tshad ma bzhis bras bu

gtan la phab nas

33

60---0--

 68

14. 21-22

15. 22-23

16. 23-24
sbyin sreg

Grib sel gyi spyin sreg

bsdus pai yi ge34

17. 25

18. 25
Grib ma tsha tshas sel
ba

35

34
35

-----6
TK6
00000

69

tsha tsha

1-19
Lam bras gzhung rdo rjei tshig rkang
Lam bras gsungs mdo bzhugs so

00
0

 0

1-24

Khon Sa skya ba Kun dga snying po
Khon

36

gzhung bshad mdzad pai dngos slobMi nyag

Prajlla37

dka grel

bSod
nams rtse morGyud sde spyii rnam par gzhag pa
38

1-31

36
37
38

6

The Complete Works of the Great Masters of the Sa skya Sect of Tibetan Buddhism,
edited by bSod nams rgya mtsho (Tokyo: The Toyo Bunko, 1968), Vol. 2, p. 27.3.2.



Sa skya bla ma rJe btsun pa chen po

rGyud kyi
mngon par rtogs pai rin po chei ljon shing

Kye rdor rgyud kyi mngon par rtogs pai rin po chei ljon shing

Kyei rdo rje zhes bya bai rgyud kyi rgyal

poPhags pa mkha gro ma rdo rje gur zhes bya bai
rgyud kyi rgyal poi brtag padPal kun tu kha sbyor zhes
bya bai rgyud kyi rgyal po

39

----

6


1. 1-2

39

-0-9a

 

2. 3
3. 4-5

4. 1-2

dGra las
rnam par rgyal ba Jetri parDo rje gdan pa chen
porDo rje gdan chung ba Don yod rdo rje

Ba ri lotsba Rin chen grags, 1040-1112

Sa skya chen po [Kun dga snying po]
rJe btsun
Sa skya
pa chen po [Grags pa rgyal mtshan]
paita [Kun dga rgyal mtshan]
Beckwith
sNar thang ba 40
Se na rig ldan pa41 Beckwith
sNar thang ba
9
sNar thang ba mkhan
po sNar thang ba
dMar ston Chos rje rgyal po98-9
98-9 sNar thang sGang
98-9
ston Shes rab bla ma sGang ston Sher bum dMar ston
sNar thang ba sGang ston 42
sNar thang sGang
40

41
42

Beckwith, A Hitherto Unnoticed Yan-Period Collection Attributed to Phags

pa, p. 14.
9
Stearns, Luminous Life, The Story of the Early Masters of the Lam bras in
Tibet, pp. , 98



ston
Od dpag med kyi sgo nas sdig pa sbyong bai thabs

5.
1-243



44

Birwa ba la bstod pa

rNal byor gyi dbang phyug birwa pa la gsol debs pa/ pandita
kun dga rgyal mtshan dpal bzang pos/ dpal sa skyai gtsug lag khang du kha

ton du bgyis pao//

dPal ldan Birwa pa la bstod
pa

6. 3-4

45 Byams pai sgrub thabs bzhugs

Phags pa byams pai chos skor yan lag dang bcas pa rdzogs so/ bla ma ba ri lo
ts bai gdams ngags sa skya pai zhal gdams yi ger bkod pao
rje btsun

7. 1-2

43

44
45

Beckwith
0-8
---
---

 

6
6
6 Bla ma
mandala bul zhing gsol ba debs 460
Yig brgya bzla bai man ngag47 Bla ma la
mandala dbul zhing gsol ba gdab pai man ngag
48

8. 1-2

9. 1-2

10. 1-7
Grub thob brgyad bcu rtsa bzhii gsol debs
rDo rje gdan
pa
VairocanaChos kyi grags pa
rdo rje gdan pa

Sarapa Sarasu Parasu

49

Grub thob brgyad cu rtsa bzhii lo rgyus

46
47
48
49

69--0-
696--9-
69--
XIV
-0



Grub thob brgyad cu rtsa bzhii rtogs pa snying po rdo rjei

gluGrub thob brgyad cu rtsa bzhii rtogs rjod do
ha grel bcas
sMon
grub shes rab Keith Dowman
rTsa mi

lotsba Sangs rgyas grags pa

AbhayadattarAbhaykara50
Abhaykara
Vgvara Abhaykara
51

11.
1-3

52

50

51

52

Keith Dowman, Masters of Mahamudra, Songs and Histories of the EightyFour Buddhist Siddhas (Albani: State University of New York Press, 98), pp.
8-86.
Elliot Sperling,rTsa mi lo-ts-ba Sangs-rgyas grags-pa and the Tangut
Background to Early Mongol-Tibetan Relations, in Tibetan Studies, Proceedings
of the 6th Seminar of the International Association for Tibetan Studies, Fagernes
1992 (Oslo: The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture, 1994), Vol.
, pp. 80-8.

 6

12. 1-2
sKyid sdug lam khyer gyi man ngag

Kha
Khro bo lotsba [Byams pai dpal]
chen kyarbhadra
mKhan chen lHo brag pa [Byang chub dpal]

mKhan chen bDe ba dpal, -9mKhan

chen Grags pa gzhon nu, -mKhan chen bSod
nams grags pa, 80-8Bla ma dam pa bSod nams rgyal
mtshan, -lNga pai gsan
yig 53

rGyal rabs gsal bai me long

13. 1-2
sGra mi snyan gyi tshe

sgrub kyi cho ga

mNga ris pa

Shes
Shes rab grags

Od zer rin chen seng ge

mKhan chen Bu ston pa

14. 1-2
53

VI



15. 1-4
Byang chub sems kyi sdom pai cho
ga Byang chub sems dpai sdom pai cho ga
Byang chub tu sems bskyed pai cho ga

Kun dga bum

16. 1-3

17.
1-4
Zha lu paBu ston Rin chen
sgrub, 90-6 Byang chub chen poi mchod rten gyi tshad bzhugs so
mchod rten sgrub pai cho ga byin rlabs dpal bar zhes bya
54
ba


dPal ldan bras spungs
kyi chag tshadByang chub chen poi chag tshad

dri med grel pa55

Dul
ba phran tshegs kyi gzhi
54

55

Lokesh Chandra 969

Collected Works of Bu ston Rin chen grub
-
dGe slong sGra tshad pa Chos rje
thams cad mkhyen pa bu ston lo ts bai rnam par thar pa snyim pai me tog ces
bya ba bzhugs soBu ston chos byung
988

 8

gTsug tor dri med kyi grel pa

Kun nas sgor jug pai od zer gtsug tor dri ma med par
snang ba de bzhin gshes pa thams cad kyi snying po dang dam tshig la rnam
par blta ba zhes bya bai gzungs kyi rnam par bshad pa Lhan cig
skyes pai rol paSahajavilsa JayadevaTshul
khrims brtsegs

mChod rten la mchod pa byas pai phan yon bzhugs so

Klong
Klong
Klong rdol
dPal ldan bras spungs
kyi mchod rten gyi bkod pa bu lugs ltar bris pa

zhva lu bu ston gyi zhal bkod snang bai sku thang gi sham
du bris pa las zhal zhus so
mChod rten gyi mtshan nyid ston pa

56

18.
1-4
dGra las rnam par rgyal ba Jetri pa

57
56

57

006-08


9

58

19. 1-3
Rab tu gnas pai phyag len mdor bsdus
059 rab tu gnas
pa
rab tu gnas pa
60

Sam gha mitra



Bla ma Khro phu ba

61

20. 1-4

Dol po pa Shes
rab rgyal mtshan dpal bzang po9-6
9-6
9-6
bsTan pa
spyi grel zhes bya bai gsol debs62
58

59
60
61

62

Yael Bentor, On the Indian Origin of

the Tibetan Practice of Depositing Relics and Dhrans in Stpa and Images,
Journal of American Oriental Society. 115.2, pp. 248-261.
6---8--6
8-9
Shen Weirong, Tibetan Tantric Buddhism at the Court of the Great Mongol
Khans, pp. 79-81.
bsTan pa spyi grel yid kyi mun sel/ Nya

 80

Jo nang pa

63

1.
1-12
Maitri pa
64

Saraha
r

avarvara 65

Phyag rgya chen poi

sgrub mthai man ngag lam du bslong bai rim pa
08

63

64

65

bdon kun dga dpal (Bar khams: rNga ba khul par khang, 1996, pp. 6-18

99Cyrus Stearns, Dol-po-pa Shes rab rgyal-mtshan

and the genesis of the Gzhan-stong Position in Tibet. Asiatische Studien/tudes
Asiatiques 44/4 (1995), pp. 829-852; The Buddha from Dolpa (Albany: State
University of New York Press, 1999); Matthew T. Kapstein, From Kun-mkhyen
Dol-po-pa to Ba-mda Dge-legs: Three Jo-nang-pa Masters on the Interpretation
of the Prajpramit. Reasons Traces, Identity and Interpretation in Indian
and Tibetan Buddhist Thought (Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001), pp. 301-316.
988
-X-XII
Takpo Tashi Namgyal, Mahmudr, The Quintessence of Mind and
Meditation. Translated and Annotated by Lobsang P. Lhalungpa, Forwarded by
Chogyam Trungpa (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 2001), pp. 116-118.

8

1. 12

2. 12-13

1.
1-2

2. 2-8

De kho
na nyid phyag rgya chen po yi ge med pai man ngag
Nro pa

66
67
66
67

996060
A Complete Catalogue of Sakya lam bras Literatures, compiled by Lama Choedak T.
Yuthok, Title No. 59. ff. 406-419.

 8

3. 8
4. 9-10

rDo rje chang

Blo gros rin chen

Mar pa Mi
la ras pa

Bla ma blo chen

Phags pa

68

Bla ma blo chen

Blo chen
sGam po pa bSod nams rin chen Ras chung rDo
rje grags pa
Dwags po lha rje lha

rje sGam po pa

5. 10-11

6. 11
68

XII

8

7. 12

8. 12

9. 13

10. 13

11. 14

69

12. 14-15

69

-

 8

70

13. 15-16

14. 16

15. 16-17

16. 17

17. 17-18

18. 18

19. 18-19

70



8

20. 20-23
Phyag rgya
Chos
Chos kyi
chen po gser phreng zhes bya baChos
Chos
blo gros

rDo rjei mgur bzhengs ba nyams kyi man

ngag thig le gser gyi phreng ba zhes bya ba

dPal
Udiyanar tshogs khor byas pai dus su rnal byor pa grub pa thob pa bzhi bcus
rdo rje bzhengs pa nyams kyi man ngag thig le gser gyi phreng ba
Grub pa thob pa bzhi bcu
71

21. 23-25

22. 25-26

23. 26

71

-

 86

72


-
bu-ston

73

72
73


V-VII

8

74

F06

75

76

74

75
76

Hoong Teik Toh, Tibetan Buddhism in Ming China. Dissertation for Harvard
University, 2004, pp. 23-33.
80-9


 88

77

Khon Sa skya ba Kun dga snying po09-8

78

77

78

9No. 06
Tibetan Tripitaka. No. 2284, Lam bras bu dang bcas pai rtsa ba rdo rjei
tshig rkang.

89

79

80

vripaMaitri pa
Bal pa skye medVajraguru
Ye shes rdo rje

81

bSod nams grags

82

lnga pai gsan yig
Kha che pan chen (akyasrbhadra)
Khro lolHo brog paGrags pa gzhon nubSod nams grags paBla ma dam
pa bsod nams rgyal mtshanbstan rtsis re mig

-
83

mKhan chen Byang chub dpalbDe
ba dpal-9Grgas pa gzhon nu-bSod nams grags

79
80
81

82
83

No. -6 
 9
No. 9000
8-

VI

 90

84

pa

85

86

87

88

84
85

86

87
88

9-60
Per K. Srensen, Tibetan Buddhist Historiography,
The Mirror illuminating the Royal Genealogies, Annotated Translation of the
XIVth Century Tibetan Chronicle: rGyal-rabs gsal-bai me-long (Wiesbaden:
Harrassowitz Verlag, 1994), pp. 28-34.
00
-
9
9860
6060

9

TK66

89

90

89
90

www.npm.gov.tw/dm/buddhist/b/b.htm


 9

.
..
..6..
8.9.0.
91

92

dPal ldan ngan song

91
92

-0
00
8-9

9

sbyong rgyud kyi spyi don

93

9

94



95

93

94

95

060-6
00
6-68
dbus yul

Shen Weirong,
Tibetan Tantric Buddhism at the Court of the Great Mongol Khans.
David P. Jackson, The Entrance Gate for the Wise (Section III): Sa-skya
Pandita on Indian and Tibetan Traditions of Pramana and Philosophical Debate
(Wien: Arbeitskreis fr Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universitt Wien,
98), Vol. , pp. -8.

 9

Shes bya rab gsal

96

bK a
brgyud pa gTsang po pa dKon mchog seng
Ba rom pa Ras pa Sangs rgyas ras chen9798
ge
99

96

97

98

99

Kara and Zieme, Die uigurischen bersetzungen des Guruyogas Tiefer Weg von
Sa-skya Pandita und der Majurinmasamgti.
Sperling, Lama to the King of Hsia. The Journal of Tibet Society 7 (1987),
pp. 31-50idem, Further remarks apropos of the Ba-rom-pa and the Tanguts.
Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hung. Volume 57 (1), (2004), pp. -6

0060-6
Sperling, Lama to the King of Hsia. The Journal of Tibet Society 7 (1987), pp.
31-50; Dunnell, Ruth. The Hsia Origins of the Yuan Institution of Imperial
Preceptor. Asia Major 5 (1992), pp. 85-111.

9

gCung po ba Jo bum mi nyag rgyal rgod

100
kyi bla mchod gCung po ba Guk shi Jo bum ma
101

102

dPal sde chen lHun gyis grub pa gtsug lag khang

La stod
byang

dPal kun tu
kha sbyor zhe bya bai rgyud

F0
Heruka F0

dPal bde mchog nam mkha dang mnyam

pai rgyud kyi rgyal po zhes bya ba Jnavajra103Jnavajra
104

100
101

102

103
104

b
Bla mai rnal byor gug shi jo bum maNo. 
----bla mai rnal byor sa skya pandi tas gug shi jo bum gyi
don du sbyar bao.
Mi nyag gi rgyal khams su gnang bai yi geNo. 
--8--.
6Ga. 6b-6a
Ye shes rdo rje

 96

dam tshig phyag rgya

Kyei rdo rje zhes bya ba rgyud kyi rgyal po

Lam bras bu dang bcas pai rtsa ba rdo
rjei tshig rkang

Hevajra Tantra
105

Hevajra
bDe mchog byung ba zhes bya bai rgyud kyi rgyal po chen po

man ngag

105




9

Nropa, 0-00Mar pa Chos kyi blo

gros00/0-09Mi la ras pa, 0-

gtum mormi lamrgyu lusod

gsalpho babar do
grong jug

106

106



 98

107

107

99

6 

996

00

00

98
9
9
00
6/-0
006
-
006

968Sa skya pai bka bum

996-998

00
66-
99
0009
00

96
00
999

 00

00

www.npm.gov.tw/dm/buddhist/b/b.htm

Tibetan Tripitaka. No. 2284. Lam bras bu dang bcas pai rtsa ba rdo rjei tshig rkang.
dGe slong sGra tshad pa Chos rje thams cad mkhyen pa Bu ston lo ts bai rnam
par thar pa snyim pai me tog ces bya ba bzhugs so
1988Bu ston chos byung

Bla mai rnal byor gug shi jo bum maNo. 

----Bla mai rnal byor sa skya pandi tas gug shi jo bum
gyi don du sbyar bao.
Jam mgon A myes zhabs Ngag dbang kun dga bsod nams. 1975. Dzam gling byang
phyogs kyi thub pai rgyal tshab chen po dpal ldan sa skya pai gdung rabs rin
po che ji ltar byon pai tshul gyi rnam par thar pa ngo mtshar rin po chei bang
mdzod dgos dod kun byung. A History of the Khon Lineage of Prince-abbots of Sa
skya. Reproduced from a rare print by Tashi Dorji. Dolanji:
Tibetan Bonpo Monastic Centre.

Beckwith, Christopher. 1984. A Hitherto Unnoticed Yan-Period Collection Attributed

to Phags pa. Tibetan and Buddhist Studies commemorating the 200th
Anniversary of the Birth of Alexander Csoma de Crs. Edited by Louis Ligeti. I.
Budapest: Akadmiai Kiad.
Dowman, Keith. 1985. Masters of Mahamudra. Songs and Histories of the Eighty-Four
Buddhist Siddhas. Albani: State University of New York Press.
Dunnell, Ruth. 1992. The Hsia Origins of the Yuan Institution of Imperial Preceptor.
Asia Major 5.
Hoong, Teik Toh. 2004. Tibetan Buddhism in Ming China. Dissertation for Harvard
University.
Jackson, David P. 1987. The Entrance Gate for the Wise (Section III): Sa-skya Pandita
on Indian and Tibetan Traditions of Pramana and Philosophical Debate. Wien:
Arbeitskreis fr Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universitt Wien, Vol.1.
Kara, G. and Peter Zieme. 1977. Die uigurischen bersetzungen des Guruyogas Tiefer
Weg von Sa-skya Pandita und der Majurinmasamgti (BT VIII). Berlin:
AKADEMIE VERLAG.
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Chung-Hwa Buddhist Journal, no. 0, pp. 0 (00)

Taipei: Chung-Hwa Institute of Buddhist Studies
ISSN: 0-

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Research Series on the Dasheng Yaodao Miji :

The Dasheng Yaodao Miji and Tibetan Esoteric Buddhism under
the Xixia and Yuan
SHEN Weirong
Professor
Renmin University, China

Abstract
Before the author discovered a large number of Chinese translations of Tibetan
tantric Buddhist ritual texts in the St. Petersburg collection of Khara Khoto manuscripts three years ago, the Dacheng yaodao miji , (Secret collection
of works on the essential path of Mahyna; hereafter Secret Collection)which
is assumed to be compiled by the Yuan Imperial Preceptor Phags pa Blo gros
rgyal mtshan (12351280)was the only classical Chinese work of Tibetan tantric
Buddhism known to the academic world. This work constitutes of 83 ritual texts,
long and short, mainly related to the lam bras (Path and Fruit) teaching of Sa
skya pa and the Mahmudr teaching of bKa brgyud pa. It was the only existing
collection of Tibentan tantric texts transmitted by Chinese followers from generation to generation during the period from the Mongol Yuan dynasty (12641368)
to the Republic of China (est. 1912).
This paper provides a descriptive introduction into the origins and contents
of each text included in the Secret Collection. For most of the works attributed to
three Sa skya pa patriarchs, along with the works of Bu ston Rin chen grub of
Zha lugs pa and that of Shes rab rgyal mtshan dpal bzang po of Jo nang pa, the
Tibetan originals are successfully identified. It goes on to discuss the date of compilation of the collection and give a general overview of the main teachings and
practices of Tibetan tantric Buddhism that were disseminated in the Tangut Xixia
(10381227) kingdom and the Yuan dynasty. The author believes that most of the
texts included in the Secret Collection were translated during the Xixia and Yuan
periods, while a small part of it was possibly rendered into Chinese in the early
Ming. It was by no means compiled by Phags pa bla ma, though the exact date of
its compilation remains in question. Concerning the dissemination of Tibetan tantric Buddhism in China, a certain continuity is to be observed between the Xixia

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kingdom and the Yuan dynasty. In both periods the lam bras teachings of the Sa
skya pa tradition and the Mahmudr, especially the Six Doctrines of Naropa of
the bKa brgyud pa tradition were evidently popular. Other minor traditions such
as Zha lugs pa and Jo nang pa also left their imprints especially in the later period
of the Yuan dynasty.
Key words: 1. The Secret Collection of Works on the Essential Path of Mahayana;
2. Tibetan tantric Buddhism; 3. Sa skya pa lam bras;
4. bKa brgyud pa Mahmudr; 5. Tangut Xixia kingdom;
6. Mongol Yuan dynasty