September 24

Mathematics
Basic
Equations:

2011
Limits &
derivations

Mathematics Basic Equations:

Equations of the plane:
D=Ax+ By+ Cz ,
Ex: find Plane perpendicular to 2i-j+k and pass through Q(-1,2,1).
Solution: D=-2x+2y+z, pass through Q if -2+2+1=D
D=1, then
1= -2x+2y+z, (answer).

Limits
a) x0
1) Sin x/x 1.
2)
/nX0, k>0.
3)
/nX, k<0.
4)
1.
5) ( )
=
~
(lowest power).
b) x
1) (Log x)/
2)
=
0,a>0.
3)
1.
4) ( )~
, Highest Power.
(
)
5)
0, a>0.
c) Limits of Sequences:
1) n, (1+x/n)n
2)
, x>1.
3)
1, x=1.
4)
0, x<1.
d) If x -1, there is no limit, other sequences obtained from (b) by replacing (x) with (n).

Eng: Mo`tasem Abushanap

Eng-motasem@hotmail.com
Eng_motasem@yahoo.com

Derivatives Equations:
1) d( )= a .dF.
2) d(sin F)= (cos F)dF.
3) d(cos F)= - (sin F)dF.
4) d(tan F)= (sec2 F)dF.
5) d(cot F)= (-cosec2 F)dF.
6) d(sec F)= (tan F)(sec F)dF.
7) d(cosec F)= (-cot F)(cosec F)dF.
8) d(sinh F)= (cosh F)dF.
9) d(cosh F)= (sinh F)dF.
10) d(tanh F)= (sech2 F)dF.
11) d(sech F)= (-tanh F)(sech F)dF.
12) d( )= dF.
13) d( ln F)= d(Log F) =
14) d(
15) d(

)=
)=

= dF.

(ln a) dF.
( 1 + ln F) dF, a>0.

16) d(sin-1 F)= (1-F2)-0.5dF,

<sin-1F<

17) d(cos F)= - (1-F ) dF, 0<cos F<, F<1.

18) d(tan-1F)= (1+F2)-1 dF, <tan-1F<
-1

2 -0.5

-1

19) d(sinh-1 F)= d(ln{F+

)= (1+F2)-0.5 dF.

20) d(cosh-1 F)= d(ln{ F +

})= (F2-1)-0.5dF, cosh-1F>0, F>1.

21) d(tanh-1F)= d( ln {(1+F)/(1-F)}) = (1-F2)-1dF, F<1.

Eng: Mo`tasem Abushanap

Eng-motasem@hotmail.com
Eng_motasem@yahoo.com