The Voice - 8 - 13 - 2012 March 12 - 2012 March 18

VOICE
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Monday, March 12 - 18, 2012
http://www.thevoicemyanmar.com
Vol.8 / No.13
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THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

3
Vol.8 / No.13 - March 12 - 18, 2012
NEWS
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POLITICS
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The
VOICE
Weekly
The Product of
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Partners
Think Tank
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(A Sister
Publication of
Living Color
Magazine)
INSTITUTIONAL
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EDUCATION
13
VOICE
The
Korean Government Scholoarship Program (KGSP)

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Pledge (NIIED Form 5) ? (6) Personal Medical Assessment (NIIED
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Offical Graduation Studies Transcripts ?
(9) Copy of the Applicant's Passport
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The Admissions Office KDI
School of Public Policy and Management 87 Heogiro, Dongdaemungu, Seoul, Korea 130-868, E-mail:
admissions@kdischool.ac.kr, Tel:
+82-2-3299-1281, Fax : +82-23299-1223, School Websitewww.kdischool.ac.kr.
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know but we don't.We assume that our bit of faulty information is a
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25
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26
The
VOICE
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27
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Vol.8 / No.13
March 12 - 18, 2012
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31
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THE VOICE WEEKLY

32
32
Vol.8 / No.13 - March 12 - 18, 2012
PERSPECTIVE
VOICE
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33
VOICE
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k mrcHxm;onft
h wdik ;f vGwv
f w
G v
f yfvyf w&m;rQw
pGm usif;yEkid v
f Qif aemifvmrnfh a&G;aumufyrJG sm;twGuf pHerlem
jzpfjyD; 'Drdkua&pDvrf;aMumif; ykkdrdkyDjyifvmrnf/
8/ a&G;aumufyGJusif;yonfhtajctae? xGufvmonfh
&v'fay:rlwnfum ta&;,lydwfqkdYrIrsm; kyfodrf;oGm;zG,f&Sd
onf/ ,ckyifvQif Oa&myor*u ta&;,lydwfqdkYrIrsm;twGuf
t"durSwfausmufrSm a&G;aumufyGJyifjzpfonf[k twdtvif;
aMunmxm;onf/ jrefrmhxGufukefrsm; vGwfvGwfvyfvyf
wifydkYEkdif&ef? EkdifiHjcm;rS vma&muf&if;ESD;jrKyfESHEkdif&ef tajccH
vdt
k yfcsufMuD;wpf&yfjzpfonfh ta&;,lyw
d q
f Ykd rrI sm; kyo
f rd ;f a&;
vrf;yGifhoGm;vQif jrefrmhpD;yGm;a&; wpfqpfcsdK; ajymif;oGm;
Ekkdifonf/
a&G;aumufyGJonf jrefrmEkdifiHokdY tajymif;tvJrsm;pGm
,laqmifvmEkid af jcwdYk jzifh jynfEh u
S af eonf/ xdo
k abmudak qmif
aeonfvm;rod? a&G;aumufyt
JG jyD; wdu
k w
f u
kd q
f ikd q
f idk f ESpyf wfcefY
tMumwGif jrefrmhESpfopful;awmhrnfjzpfonf/
aZ,sol
34
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
jrefrmUEkdifiHa&;avUvmqef;ppfcsuf (6) 1948-1988

CASE STUDY OF MYANMAR POLITICS 1948-1988
ausm0f if;
tcef; (3)
vGwfvyfa&;tBudKumv (1945-48)
PRE-INDEPENDENCE PERIOD (1945-48)
EkdifiHwumaemufcHum;
1945 ckEpS f Mo*kwv
f 14 &ufaeYwiG f *syefvufeufcs&mrS
'kwd,urmppfBuD; w&m;0ifNyD;qHk;oGm;cJhygonf/ ppfyGJBuD;
wGif 'Drkdua&pDr[mrdwftzGJU (tar&duef? t*Fvef? jyifopf?
qdAk ,
D uf? k&mS ;)wdYk tEdik &f NyD; zufqpf0if;kd wef;oH;k Edik if H (*smreD?
tDwvD? *syef)wkdYIH;edrfhoGm;cJhonf/ qkd&vQif 'Drkdua&pDu zuf
qpf0g'tay: tEdik &f vdu
k o
f nfo
h abmjzpfygonf/
atmifyJG
tay:tajccH ppfNyD;acwfwllcsufoHk;&yfay:xGufvmcJhonf/
onfwkdYrSm1/ udkvdkeDpepfqkwfcGmoGm;jcif; (Decolonization)
t*Fvdyf? jyifopfpaom urmhxdyfwef;tqifh udkvdkeDydkif
&SiEf idk if BH uD;rsm;rSm ppfyw
JG iG t
f Edik &f cJo
h nfqadk omfjim; odoo
d mom
tiftm;csnfheJYoGm;cJhonf/ tar&duefjynfaxmifpk\ ulnD
axmufyHhrIjzifhom toufquf&Sifoefae&aom 'kwd,tqifh
EdkifiHrsm;tjzpfodkY avQmusoGm;cJh&onf/ odkYESifhtrQ ,cifudkvdkeD
a[mif;rsm;udk qufvufxdef;csKyfEkdifpGrf;r&SdawmhbJ if;wkdYvuf
atmuf&EdS ikd if aH wmfawmfrsm;rsm;udk vGwv
f yfa&;ay;vku
d &f onf/
jzpfpOfudkyif udkvdkeDpepfqkwfcGmoGm;jcif;[k qkdvdk&if;jzpfyg
onf/ jzpfpOfatmufwGif jrefrmEdkifiHvGwfvyfa&;&cJhjcif;jzpf
onf/
2/ 'Drkdu&ufwdkufaZ;&Sif;'kwd,vIdif; (Democratization
Second Wave)
ppfNyD;acwfwGif ppfIH;*smreDESifh *syefwdkY'Drkdua&pDpnf;0dkif;

xJodkYjyefvnfa&muf&SdvmcJhMuovkd vGwfvyfcgp zGHUNzdK;qJEdkifiH
awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSmvnf; 'Dru
kd a&pDEidk if aH &;pepfoYkd OD;wnfvm
EdkifcJhMuonf/ [m;Awfwuov
kd Ef ikd if aH &;odyyH garmu qrfrsK&,fvf
zD;[efwifwefu jzpfpOfudk 'Drkdu&ufwkdufaZ;&Sif; 'kwd,vIdif;
[kowfrSwfygonf/ (yxrvIdif;rSm Oa&myESifh tar&duwkdYwGif
19 &mpkaESmif;ydkif;ESifh 20 &mpktapmydkif;twGif;jzpfyGm;cJhaom
'Dru
kd a&pDvyI &f mS ;rIrsm;udq
k v
dk o
kd nf/) tqkyd g'Dru
kd &ufwu
kd af Z;&Si;f
'kwd,vIdif;wGif jrefrmEkdifiHvnf; tusKH;0ifonf/
3/ uGefjrLepf0g'MoZmBuD;vmjcif; (The Rise Communism)
'kw,
d urmppfrwkid rf u
D urmay:wGiq
f &dk ,
S v
f pfEidk if q
H
dk
qdkAD,uf,leD,Hwpfckwnf;om xD;xD;BuD;&SdcJhaomfvnf; ppfNyD;
acwfwiG rf l qk&d ,
S v
f pfEidk if aH wmfawmfrsm;rsm;ay:xGuv
f monf/
ta&SUOa&mywpfckvHk; qkd&S,fvpf? uGefjrLepfMoZmpuf0ef;xJ
a&mufoGm;NyD; tm&SrSmqkdvQifvnf; wkwfjynfolYorwEdkifiH
ay:xGuv
f monf/ xdrk Qru vGwv
f yfcgpzGUH NzdK;qJEikd if t
H csKdUwGif
vnf; uGefjrLepfygwDrsm; odkYr[kwf vuf0JygwDrsm;tmPm&
vmMuonf/ (Oyrm-ajrmufu&kd ;D ,m;? ajrmufA,
D uferf pojzif)h
ajym&vQif 'Drkdua&pDEdkifiHa&;pepfbufodkY OD;wnfvSnfhajymif;
cJhMuaom vGwfvyfcgpEdkifiHrsm;rSmyif uGefjrLepfwkdY\MoZmrSm
tawmftwefBuD;rm;cJhonf[kqkd&ygvdrfhrnf/
txl;ojzifh xkad cwfEikd if w
H umuGejf rLepfvyI &f mS ;rItwGi;f
txl;a&yef;pm;cJhonfh t,ltqESpf&yfrSm jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;tay:
BuD;BuD;rm;rm;oufa&mufrIrsm;&SdcJhonf/ jrefrmhvGwfvyfa&;ESifh
tNydKifqkdovdk ay:xGufvmcJhaom jynfwGif;ppfjyemrSm
tqkdygt,ltqESpf&yfESifh eD;eD;uyfuyfqufpyfvsuf&Sdonfudk
awGU&onf/ ]ba&muf'g0g'}ESihf Z'g;aemhvrf;pOfwYdk jzpfygonf/
ba&muf'g0g' (Browderism)
tar&d u ef u G e f j rLepf y gwD taxG a xG t wG i f ; a&;rS L ;
]tm;vfba&muf'g}u pwifazmfxkwfcJhaom t,ltqjzpf
]ba&muf'g0g'}[ktrnfwGifjcif;jzpfonf/ w&m;0iftrnfrSm
]qdk&S,fvpfpepfodkY Nidrf;csrf;pGmul;ajymif;a&;oabmw&m;}
(Theory of Peaceful Development to Socialism) [ljzpfonf/
t,ltq\tvkdt& ]ppfNyD;acwfwGif vGwfvyfNyD;wef;wl
nDrQaomEkdifiHrsm; Nidrf;csrf;pGmyl;aygif;aqmif&GufEdkifrnfh tcif;
tusif;opfxGufay:vmvdrfhrnf/ zGHUNzdK;NyD;EdkifiHBuD;rsm;&Sd t&if;
&Sipf epfrmS vnf; ykrd &dk ifu
h suv
f mNyD; Oya'wGi;f 'Dru
dk a&pDpuf0idk ;f
ydkus,fvmvdrfhrnf/ tajctaeopfwGif qkd&S,fvpfpepfodkY
Nidrf;csrf;pGmul;ajymif;Edkifovdk ,cifudkvdkeDa[mif;rsm;taeESifh
vnf; oufqkdif&m udkvdkeDydkif&SifEkdifiHrsm;ESifh aphpyfndEIdif;NyD;
vGwv
f yfa&;t&,lEikd pf &m&Sv
d rd rhf nf} qkad omoabmrsK;d jzpfonf/
txl;ojzifh ppfNyD;acwftar&duefjynfaxmifpkwGif ]Nidrf;
csrf;pGmjzpfay:a&;tvm;tvmrsm;}taotcsm&Sdvdrfhrnf[k
ba&muf'gu tcdkiftrmqkdygonf/ t,ltqrSm ppfBuD;
rwdkifrDuyif ay:xGufvmcJhNyD; tar&durS t*FvefuGefjrLepf

ygwD? xdkrS tdEd,uGefjrLepfygwDwkdYodkY ysHUESHYvmcJhonf/ *syef
acwftwGif; tdEd,ygwDrS wpfqifh ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDodkY
a&muf&v
dS mjcif;jzpfygonf/ jrefrmvuf0o
J rm;awmfawmfrsm;rsm;
u ppftwGi;f ESihf ppfNyD;cgptxd t,ltqudk pGpJ NJG rJNrJvufccH hJ
MuNyD;aemufydkif;wGif wl;wl;cg;cg;jiif;y,fcJhMuonf/
Z'g;aemhvrf;pOf (Zhdanov Doctrine)
1947 pufwifbmvtwGif; ydkvefEkdifiHwGifusif;yaom
]uGefjrLepfowif;jyefMum;a&;tzGJU} (twdkaumuf Cominform
uGerf ifazmif)uGezf &ifw
h iG w
f ifoiG ;f aom qdAk ,
D ufueG jf rLepfygwD
aygvpfAsLdt
k zGUJ 0if ]Z'g;aemh}\tpD&ifcpH mrSm Z'g;aemhvrf;pOf\
tpyifjzpfygonf/ tpD&ifcHpmwGif ]acwfrDEkdifiHrsm;&Sd tkyfpdk;
ol vlwef;pm;rsm;onf if;wkdY\udkvdkeDa[mif;rsm;tay:wGif
enf;vrf;a[mif;twkid ;f rtkypf ;kd Ekid af wmhNyD/ trsK;d om;vGwaf jrmuf
a&;vIy&f mS ;rIxrJ S if;wkYd EiS ehf ;D pyfEikd rf nfh vuf,m*dP
k ;f udk Edik if aH &;
tmPmay;NyD;aemufuG,frS pD;yGm;a&;t&qufvufaoG;pkyfEkdif
atmifom BudK;pm;Muayvdrhfrnf/ tajctaeopfwGif tvkyf
orm;vlwef;pm;\ t"dutE&m,frSm rdrdtiftm;udkavQmhwGuf
jcif;ESifh &efoltiftm;udkydkwGufjcif;ay:wGif tajcwnfaeonf}
pojzifh azmfjycJhonf/
aemufydkif;wGifrl tqkdygtpD&ifcHpmudkwdk;csJUNyD; Z'g;aemh
vrf;pOftjzpfay:xGuv
f monf/ qkAd ,
D ufoyd t
H u,f'rDrS tm&S
ypdzw
d Xf merSL; tD;trfZal umhu vrf;pOfuu
kd s,fus,fjyefYjyefY
jzefYcsdcJhonf/ ]tu,f trsKd;om;vGwfajrmufa&;vIyf&Sm;rIxJrS
vuf,m*dkPf;(vufa0cH"e&Sif)rsm;taeESifh e,fcsJUorm;ESifh
aphpyfNyD; vGwv
f yfa&;wku
d yf u
JG kd opmazmufomG ;vQif tvkyo
f rm;
vlwef;pm;udk,fpm;vS,f uGefjrLepfrsm;taeESifh if;wkdYudke,fcsJU
orm;ESifhxyfwlxm;NyD; qufvufwkdufyGJ0if&rnf} pojzifh ydk
ajAmifususazmfjyvmcJo
h nf/ vGwv
f yfcgpEdik if rH sm;udk jynfwiG ;f
ppfvrf;aMumif;ay: wGef;ydkYvkdufonfht,ltq[k qkd&ygvdrfh
rnf/
t,ltqrSmvnf; qdkAD,ufygwDrS tdEd,ygwD? xdkrS
wpfqifh ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDodkY ul;pufvmcJhygonf/
ppfat;tp
azmfjycJhNyD;aom ppfNyD;acwfwllcsufoHk;ckteuf yxrwll
csuf (udkvdkeDpepfqkwfcGmoGm;jcif;)t& taemufOa&myEdkifiHBuD;
rsm;rSm 'kw,
d tqifo
h Ykd avQmusoGm;cJ&h m tar&duefjynfaxmifpk
wpfcw
k nf;om ]tqifv
h eG Ef idk if BH uD;} tjzpfuse&f pfco
hJ nf/ tvm;
wlwwd,wllcsuf (uGefjrLepf0g'MoZmBuD;vmjcif;)aMumifh
vnf; qdAk ,
D uf,el ,
D rH mS (txl;ojzifh MoZme,fy,fwiG )f tqifh
vGefEdkifiHBuD;wpfcktjzpfay:xGufvm&m if;tqifhvGefEdkifiHBuD;
ESpcf x
k yd w
f u
dk o
f abmaqmifvm&mrS ]ppfat;wdu
k yf }JG (Cold War)
ay:xGuv
f mcJjh cif;jzpfygonf/ qkAd ,
D uf,el ,
D \
H MoZme,fy,f
csJUxGifa&;jrm;OD;rSm yxrta&SUOa&my xkdYaemuf *&dESifh wl&uD
wkdYodkYygvSnfhvmcJh&m tar&dubufrS ]xl;rif;0g'}jzifhwkHYjyef
vm&awmhonf/ ]uGejf rLepfpepf\ Ncdr;f ajcmufrcI aH e&aom Ekid if H
tm;vHk;udkulnDrnf}[k 0g'uw&m;0ifaMunmvkdufonf/
1947 rwfv 12 &ufaeYuxGufay:vmaom tqkdyg ]xl;rif;
0g'} (Truman Doctrine) onfyif ppfat;\tpjzpfygonf/
jrefrmUEkdifiHa&;jyu'def (1945)
ar 3- prf;acsmif;? Am;u&mvrf;wGif uGefjrLepfygwDqkdif;
bkwfwifyGJusif;y/
ar 17- ]puLjzLpmwrf;} xkwfjyefaMunm/
Zlvkdif 20- ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD-'kwd,uGef*&uf
usif;y/
Mo*kwf 19- aeol&defvlxktpnf;ta0;BuD;usif;y/
pufwifbm 1- jynfoUl vGwv
f yfa&;qk&d ,
S v
f pfygwD wnf
axmif/
pufwifbm 4- uEDuGefz&ifhwuf&ef AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;
ESifhtzGJU oD[dkVfEkdifiH uEDNrdKUodkYxGufcGm/
pufwifbm 7- uEDoabmwlnDcsufvufrSwfxkd;/
atmufwkdbm 15- ppftkyfcsKyfa&;kyfodrf;/
atmufwb
dk m 16- bk&ifcH a':refprpf &efuek jf yefa&muf/
atmufwkdbm 19- bk&ifcHESifh z.w.y.vacgif;aqmifrsm;
aqG;aEG;/
Edk0ifbm 1- z.w.y.vacgif;aqmifrsm;rygonfh bk&ifcH
trIaqmifaumifpDzGJUpnf;/
'DZifbm 26- z.w.y.vudk z.q.y.v[kajymif;/
ppfBuD; rNyD;wwfao;rD 1945 ckESpf arv 3&ufaeYwGif
jzpfonf/ ppfBudKacwfESifh ppftwGif;wpfavQmufvHk; ajratmuf

ygwDtjzpf&yfwnfvIyf&Sm;cJh&aom ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwDrSm
&efukefNrdKU prf;acsmif;&yfuGuf Am;u&mvrf;wGif XmecsKyfzGifh NyD;
qkdif;bkwfwifyGJusif;ycJhonf/ w&m;0ifEkdifiHa&;ygwDwpf&yf
taeESifh xGufay:vmEkdifcJhaomfvnf; jynfolYta&;awmfyHkygwD
ESifh wpfygwDwnf;aygif;pnf;a&;um; tNyD;wkdifysufjy,foGm;&
awmhonf/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;\ tBuHjyKcsuft& zufqpf
awmfvSefa&;tBudKumvuyif ]awmfvSefa&;wyfOD;} tjzpf
ESpyf gwD wpfygwDaygif;pnf;a&;BudK;pm;cJMh uygao;onf/ ocif
pd;k u jynfoYl ta&;awmfyykH gwD0ifrsm;wpfO;D csif; avQmufvmT wif
&rnf? pdppfNyD;rS vufcHrnfqdk tqifrajycJhyg/ ppfNyD;cgpwGif
ESpyf gwDaygif;pnf;a&;qufvufnEd iId ;f cJMh uaomfvnf; vufawGU
jzpf r vmcJ h y g/ puf w if b mv 1 &uf a eYwG i f jynf o l Y
ta&;awmfyHkygwDrSmvnf; ]jynfolYvGwfvyfa&;qdk&S,fvpfygwD}
tjzpfajymif;vJzGJUpnf;NyD; w&m;0ifxGufay:vmcJhygonf/
onfvdkESifh vuf0Jtkdif'Dtdkvdk*sDukd vufcHonfqdkMuaom ygwD
ESpf&yf tNydKifjzpfay:vmcJhawmhonf/
1945 arvwGif ppfajy;qif;rvm; tpdk;&u ppfNyD;acwf
jrefrmEkid if t
H yk cf sKyfa&;twGuf ]puLjzLpmwrf;} udk w&m;0ifxw
k f
jyefaMunmvkdufonf/ pmwrf;t& cGifhjyKaomtkyfcsKyfa&;rSm
ppfBudKacwftqifah vmufyif r&S
d z.w.y.vtzGUJ BuD;ua&m vlxk
uyg vufrcHEkdifMuyg/ odkY puLjzL pmwrf;xGufvmonhf
wkdif bk&ifcHa':refprpfacgif;aqmifaom ppfajy;tpdk;& jyefr
a&mufao; jrefrmjynfrmS Civil Administration Service, Burma
twdak umuf ]uufpbD} (CAS - B) atmufwiG f &Sad eqJjzpfonf/
ppftkyfcsKyfa&; oabmjzpfygonf/
ArmjynfuGefjrLepfygwD 'kwd,uGef*&uf
ArmjynfueG jf rLepfygwD\ 'kw,
d uGe*f &ufukd 1945 Zlvidk f
v 20 &ufaeYwiG f pwifusi;f ycJo
h nf/ (orkid ;f oabmt& pwif
wnfaxmifcJhaom 1939 Mo*kwfv 15 &ufaeYtpnf;ta0;udk
yxruGef*&uf [kowfrSwfygonf/) ocifoef;xGef;u obm
ywdtjzpfwm0ef,l taxGaxGtwGif;a&;rSL; ocifpkd;u EkdifiH
a&;tpD&ifcHpm wifcJhonf/ (rlvpwifzGJUpnf;pOfu yg0ifcJhMu
aom ocifatmifqef;ESihf ocifvaS z (Adv
k v
f usmf ) wdYk urkd l uGe*f
&ufrS rzdwfawmhygacs/)
uGef*&ufwGifwifoGif;cJhaom ocifpdk;\ EkdifiHa&;tpD&if
cHpmrSm ba&muf'g0g'udktwnfjyKvkdufonfh oabmyifjzpf
onf/ ]NAdwdoQavbmygwD ESifhaphpyfaqG;aEG;NyD; vGwfvyfa&;
,l&ef} [laom tdE,
d uGejf rLepfygwD\ *sK&d v
DS rf;pOfukd yJw
h ifxyf
vkdufjcif;yifjzpfonf/ tcsufudk uGef*&uf rwdkifrD xkwfjyef
cJhaom ZGefv 16 &ufaeYaMunmcsufwGif ,ckvdk twdtvif;
awGUEkdifygonf/ ]urmh'Drdkua&pDESifhtar&duef qdkAD,ufr[m
rdwfzGJUjcif;wGif tajccHaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;abmiftwGif;wGif NAdwd
oQe,fcsJUpepfESifh jrefrmjynf\ y#dyursm;udk ajz&Sif;&ef} [k
tqdkygaMunmcsufwGifazmfjyxm;onf/ ocifpdk;\ EkdifiHa&;
tpD&ifcHpmrSm qdkcJhyg tcsufudkyif rwfvDeif0g' tudk;tum;
rsm;jzifh twnfjyKvkdufjcif; jzpfonf/
rlvu jynfolYta&;awmfyHkygwD0ifawmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm
t*Fvyd u
f v
kd ufeufjzifh qufvufawmfveS &f ef pdwt
f m;xufoef
rIrsm;&SdcJhonf[k qdkonf/ aemufydkif;wGifrl if;wdkYtygt0if
z.w.y.vtzGUJ BuD; ud,
k w
f idk u
f ocifp;dk wifjycJah om 'kw,
d uGef
*&ufvrf;pOfudk vufcHvmMu[ef&Sdygonf/ onfvdkESifh t*Fvyd Ef iS hf aphpyfaqG;aEG;NyD; vGwv
f yfa&;t&,l&efrmS z.w.y.v
pmrsufESm 35 od k Y
PERSPECTIVE
35
VOICE
The
vufyfawmU&mZ0if
bkkef;a0nGefhvl
]]]]uRef
uRefawmfwkdYvnf; vufyfawmhawG? uGefysLwmawG
udk ifcsifw,f
w,f}}
18? 19 ESpft&G,f wdkif;&if;om;vufeufudkifvli,frsm;
orwOD;ode;f pderf ed YfceG ;f yg txufygpum;udk em;axmifNyD;
uwnf;u aoewfEiS hf vufyaf wmhwYku
d acgif;xJoYkd w0Jvnfvnf
a&mufaecJhonf/
aoewf/ / aoewfonf y#dyu (Conflict) udk ajz&Si;f enf;
wpfrsKd ;jzpfonf? wpfenf;tm;jzifh aoewfonf y#dyuukd ud,
k pf m;
jyKonf/ vltrsm;tjym;yg0ifonfh y#dyutMuD;pm;udk ppf[ak c:
onf/ ppfonf EkkdifiHa&;wpfrsdK; (war is a kind of politics)
yifjzpfonf/ Edik if aH &;qko
d nfrmS tMurf;tm;jzifh ]who gets what}
b,fob
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36
VOICE
The
PERSPECTIVE
jrefrmUEkdifiHa&;tawG;tac: - tydkif; (6)

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Book Review by U Aung Kin
Burmese Political Values (6) by Prof. U Maung Maung Gyi
Compared to the atrocious native administrative system as prevailed under the Burmese monarchy, the high moral
calibre of British administration was beyond question. Although the Burmese deeply resented the rule of British, they
had to admit that the colonial rule was far superior to the
native one in terms of efficiency, justice and fairness.
37
VOICE
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rIukd vkdvm;w,fvkdY tJ'DvkdyJ uRefr
cHpm;rdw,f/ tarpk&UJ qEeYJ apwem
ukd cHpm;rdwm/ tJ'DtwGuf tarpk
ukd tm;jznfhay;wJh oabmav;yg/
'gu uRefrygwD0ifjzpfwmav;ukd
ajymjywmyg/
tckMum;jzwfa&G;aumufyGJrSm
awmh wHwm;OD;NrKdUe,f NLD ygwD
EC awG? NrKdUe,fu 'Drkdua&pDvkdvm;
wJholawG? NLD ygwDvkdvm;wJhol
awG&JU qEawG? axmufcHrIawG? a&G;
cs,rf aI wGeYJ uRerf Mum;jzwfa&G;aumufyJG
0ifa&muf,SOfNyKdifzkdY jzpfcJhwmyg/
Voice : tck Mum;jzwfa&G;aumuf
yGJrSm a':cifoEm&JU NyKdifbufu.../
DKTD : NyKi
db
f ufqw
dk mxuf? uRerf
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Voice : 2010 a&G;aumufye
JG YJ tck
Mum;jzwfa&G;aumufyGJ b,fvkduGm
jcm;r,fvkdY ajymEkdifrSmvJ/ t&ifyGJ
uawmh BuKdwifrJa&wGufrIudpawG
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yGJrSm a':cifoEmtaeeJYa&m b,fvkd
pDrHxm;wmrsKd;&Sdxm;vJqkdwm ajym
jyay;yg/
DKTD : BuKw
d ifru
J pd t
wGuf ajym
&ifawmh tckyGJrSm uRefrwkdY BuKdwif
rJpm&if;BuKdNyD; xkwfvkdY&ygw,f/
Voice
tJ'gawGeYJ uRerf wkYdrauseyfwhJ raus

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d m
u [kdvkdrsKd;ajymwmr[kwfbl;/ 'Dvl
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'gav;awG pdppfcGifh&Sdygw,f/
uRerf bufu pDrx
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olwkdYbufu uRefrb,fvkd pDrHcGifh&Sd
w,fqkdwJh tcGifhta&;av;awGay;
xm;wm &Sdygw,f/
Voice : olwkdYtcGifhta&;ay;xm;
w,fqkdwmu/
DKTD : tcGifhta&;ay;xm;w,f
qkdwmu BuKdwifrJpm&if;rSm wpfckck
vGJacsmfwm&Sdw,fqkd&if uRefrwkdYu
aumfr&Sirf mS pm&if;awmif;Munfv
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bmjzpfrSmvJ/ b,fES&mckdifEIef;txd
arQmfvifhxm;vJ/
DKTD : uRefrarQmfvifhcsufuae
Munfah jymwmr[kwb
f ;l / jynfoal wG
&JU qEt&qk&d if uRerf ,kMH unfw,f/
uRefr arQmfvifhcsufeJY r[kwfbl;/
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uRefrukd,f uRefr tarpk&JUae&mu
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tukefvkH;u a':atmifqef;pkMunf
ukd &ifxJtonf;xJuaeyJ BuKdqkdrI?
axmufcHrI? tm;ay;rI&Sdw,f/ tJ'D
twGuf a':pkeYJwpfom;wnf;jzpfomG ;
w,f/ uRefr[m tarpk&JU ukd,fyGm;?
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rajymbl;aemf) uRerf wkYdygwD&UJ vdck sif
wJh &mckdifEIef;xuf tqaygif;rsm;pGm
ausmfvGefvdrhfr,fvkdY arQmfvifhw,f
qkdwmxuf ,kHMunfrI&Sdygw,f/
Voice : 2010 rS m tEk d i f & cJ h w J h
a':cifoEm&JU NrKdUe,frJqEe,fu
vTwfawmftrwfawGtay:rSmjrifwJh
tm;enf;csuf? tm;omcsufu bm
jzpfrSmvJ/ a'ou rJqE&SifawGu
a&m olwkdYtay:rSm tm;&auseyfrI
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trnf
tz
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arG;ou&mZmf
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- OD;jrifharmif
- a':wif0if;
- 30-5-1977
- B.A (Law)
- awmif&yf? trSwf (1)e,fajr?
wHwm;OD;NrKdUe,f? rEav;wkdif;a'oBuD;/
&Sdw,fvkdYa&m toHawG Mum;&vm;/

DKTD : 'geJYywfoufNyD; ajym&&if
awmh olwkdYvnf; olwdkYtvkyf olwkdY
vkyfygvdrhfr,f/ olwkdYtoH olwkdY
em;pGifhygvdrhfr,f/ uRefruvnf;
uRerf tvkyf uRerf vkyyf gr,f/ uRerf
toH uRefrem;pGifhygr,f/ uRefr
wkYdu vkyEf idk w
f ?hJ vkyaf y;Ekid w
f t
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twmukdyJ uRefrajymcsifygw,f/
Voice : tckMum;jzwfa&G;aumuf
yGJrSm tEkdif&vkdY jynfolYvTwfawmf
trwfjzpfc&hJ if NrKUd &JUpHjyjzpfEidk rf mS vm;/
DKTD : uRer
f xifw,f/ 'Dru
dk a&pD
vkyfief;azmfaqmifwJhae&mrSm pHjy
qkdNyD; tqkH;pGeftxd&SdoGm;rSmr[kwf
bl;/ aemufvl... aemufvlawG[m
t&ifvl... t&ifvlawGxuf omom
oGm;rSmyJ/ ppfrSefwJh 'Drkdua&pDqkd&if
aygh/ ([kwfw,faemf...)uRefru 'Drkd
ua&pD pHjytaeeJY vkyfaqmifcsuf
wpfckukd vkyfaqmifvkdufw,fqkdyg
awmh/ aemufwpfcsDus&if (aemuf
vlu uRefr rokH;bl;aemf)/ aemuf
wpfcsD... uRefrjzpfcsifjzpfr,f? rjzpf
csif rjzpfbl;/ aemufwpfcsD aemuf
wpfyGJus&if uRefrvkyfxm;wmwpfck
xuf ol[m ESpfckvkyfEkdif&r,f/
aemufwpfcsD... aemufwpfcsD.../ pHjy
qkw
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BuKu
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pHjy&Sdw,fvkdY uRefr rxifygbl;/
taumif;... taumif;awGyJjzpfoGm;
vdrhfr,fvkdY uRefrarQmfvifhygw,f/
tck uRefrarQmfvifhwm vkyfEkdifwm
wpfck&Sdw,f/ aemufwpfBudrfqkd&if
uRefr ESpfck&Sdvmvdrhfr,f/ aemuf
wpfBudrfqkd&if okH;ck&Sdvmvdrhfr,f/
uRerf qxuf qxuf qyGm;BuKd;pm;
NyD;awmh tJ'pD jH yukd pHcsed cf sK;d oGm;&rSmyg/
Voice : a':cifoEmtEkdif&NyD;&if
rJqEe,fjynfolawGtwGuf yxr
qkH; aqmif&Gufay;csifwmu/
rJqE&iS af wGtwGuf aqmif

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w,f/ bmaMumihv
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w,f/ ckavmavmq,frmS ckavmavm
q,fxuf vTwaf wmfxJ uRerf a&muf
oGm;&if? uRefrwkYd ygwDu tEkid &f oGm;
cJhr,fqkd&if tajctaeukdMunfhNyD;
aqmif&Gufay;csifygw,f/ ukd,fvkyf
ay;csifwmxuf vkyfay;cGihf&wmrsKd;
ukyd J t"duaqmif&u
G af y;csiyf gw,f/
Voice : vuf&E
dS idk if aH &;tcif;tusi;f
eJYywfoufNyD; okH;oyfay;ygOD;/
DKTD : uRer
f jrifwmukd ajym&&if
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&wm trsm;BuD;&Sdygw,f/ ay;qyfcJh
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awmhwm/ ([kwfw,faemf)/ wHcg;
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ta&;awG&zkdY tJ'DwHcg;csyfukd zGifhzkdY
uRefrwkdYowdvkdygw,f/ aemuf pGefY
vTwrf v
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nDGwfrIvkdw,f/ wpfOD;&JUtiftm;
DKTD :
ukd wpfOD;u qkwf,kwfatmifrvkyf

bJ jznfhqnf;ay;zkdYyJvkdw,f/ 'Dvkd
vkyf&yfawG &SdrSomvQif uRefrwkdY
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yGifhoGm;r,f/ yGifhoGm;rSomvQif [kd
bufrSm 0D&d,xm;NyD; vkHYvxm;
csDwuf&OD;rSm/ tJ'DwHcg;csyfqD csD
wuf&OD;rSm/ tJ'DwHcg;csyf [kdbuf
rSm uRefrwkdYvkdcsifwJh 'Drkdua&pDu
&vdrfhr,fvkdY jrifw,f/
Voice : jznfhpGufajymcsifwmrsm;
&Sd&if/
DKTD : uRef r wk d Y rJ q E e ,f u
jynfolawG? rJqEe,fwkdif;rSm&SdwJh
jynfolawG? jrefrmwpfEkdifiHvkH;rSm &Sd
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tukev
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wJholaygh/ 'Drkdua&pDa&;rSm twlwl
ygyJ/ b,fov
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dk m r&Sb
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wmav;awGukd odxm;NyD; a&SmifoGm;
apcsifw,fqkdwmawmh uRefrajym
csifygw,f/
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yxrESpf
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vlopf / / NGO rsKd;pHkrSm 0efxrf;vkyfcJhygw,f/
pdefYyDwm / / ukodkvf&wJh tvkyfawGayghav/
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[J ..[J ..[J/
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YMO
40
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THE VOICE WEEKLY 41
Vol.8 / No.13 - March 12 - 18, 2012
41
FOREIGN AFFAIRS
VOICE
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VOICE

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THE VOICE WEEKLY 3

Vol.8 / No.13 - March 12 - 18, 2012

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VOICE OF THE WEEK

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