:

) (Gibbs

) (Phase Rule

F=C-P+2

P C

) (phases ) (components F

) (The number of degrees of freedon

F=13+2
F=0

F=1-2+2
F=1

F=11+2
F=2

!

F=32+2
F=3

 -1
-2
-3

-4

-5

-1 One component systems
-2 Two-component systems
-3 Three-component systems

F=CP+2

) (Phase diagram

)(100%

:

:
-1

-2

-3

xA, xB, xc

-4 1 2
-5

-6

Binodal curve

-7

:
-1

F=CP+2

F=31+2
F=4

P T

XA, XB, Xc T P

(Xc = 1-XA - XB) XA, XB

-2

F=CP+2
=32+2
=3

P T

-4

- -

: :

-1

 -2 c=1.3g/cm3
A=1.05g/cm3

m = . v

-3
-4

-5
-6

= 1g/cm3

:
xw

xc

xA

()g

()g

( )cm

()g

()g

( )cm

( )cm

18

16

14

11

13

-7
mA + mc + mw = mt

 -8
A
MA
m

= xA

C
Mc
m

= xc

w
Mw
m

= xw

xA + xc + xw =1

-9