ლიბერალი, დელემბერი 2009

fokusi - arCevnebi arCevnebamde gv. 10 50%-iani barieri : maleni VS ramiSvili gv. 20 antimonopoliuri regulireba _ VS gv.
8 finansuri policiis meore sicocxle gv. 30 kosmetikuri gamoZieba gv. 34 adamianebiT vaWrobis axali formati gv. 38 progresi Tu Cixi mTian yarabaRSi? gv. 42 gamqrali gogoebi gv. 47 elitisturi liberalizmi gv. 51
# 9 _ 22 dekemberi / 2009
fasi 2.80 lari
gazeT `baTumelebis~ saqme
gv. 24
TbilRvino
mravali qveynis rCeuli Rvino
Rvinis eqsportiori kompania 2009 wels*
*2009 wlis ianvar-oqtombris monacemebiT ianvar-oqt
# 9 _ 22 dekemberi / 2009
foto Temo barZimaSvili
nomerSi: 18 02 04 06 8 redaqtori mokled vrclad ori azri unda dabrundes Tu ara antimonopoliuri regulireba? daviT onofriSvili v.s. vaxtang megreliSvili fokusi _ arCevnebi arCevnebamde axali Tbiliselebi skola rogorc politikuri iaraRi rogor irCevs skola meriam mosaxleobis gamokiTxva daiwyo meris anketa administraciuli resursi arCevnebSi nacionaluri moZraobis gamarjvebis formula cvlilebebi saarCevno kodeqsSi Sewyvetili TanamSromloba Tvalsazrisi Tbilisis meris arCevnebSi 50%-iani barieri aucilebelia mark maleni, erovnuli demokratiis institutis saqarTvelos ofisis yofili direqtori Tvalsazrisi 50%-iani barieris winaaRmdeg levan ramiSvili, `Tavisuflebis institutis~ gamgeobis Tavmjdomare axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis rekomendaciebi is, rac aucilebelia saarCevno garemos Sesacvlelad 24 26 politika `baTumelebis~ saqme interviu Cven viswavliT sakuTari Tavis dacvas eTer TuraZe, gazeT `baTumelebis~ mTavari redaqtori adamianis uflebebi da samarTali cvlilebebi konstituciis winaaRmdeg ekonomika eqsperimentebis meore wre ekonomikuri krizisi -5,5% _ axali evrodiagnozi Jurnalisturi gamoZieba kosmetikuri gamoZieba konfliqtebi adamianebiT vaWrobis axali formati 40 42 mezoblebi terorizmi ruseTSi brundeba mTiani yarabaRi progresi Tu Cixi? sazogadoeba fsoni _ ekonomikaze Tu adamianze?! genderuli disbalansi gamqrali gogoebi saubrebi liberalizmze elitisturi liberalizmi
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garekanze:
gazeT `baTumelebis~ saqme ilustracia: TaTia nadareiSvili wignis saxelosno
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Jurnali `liberali~ gamoicema fondi `Ria sazogadoeba - saqarTvelos~ mxardaWeriT.
liberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
redaqtori
gamoxmaureba
liberalis me-13 nomerSi gamoqveynebul statiaze `ra Wirs medias?~
`kompania `bilains~ radio `hereTTan~ xelSekruleba sareklamo momsaxurebaze 2008 wlis 24 martidan hqonda gaformebuli. xelSekrulebas vada 2009 wlis 1 ianvars gauvida, ris Semdegac `bilains~ radio `hereTTan~ aRar gaugrZelebia sareklamo urTierToba. 2009 wlidan kompania `bilainma~ Secvala marketinguli strategia radioganTavsebasTan dakavSirebiT da reitingebze dayrdnobiT, eqskluziuri xelSekruleba gauforma kompania `radio saqarTvelos~, romlis holdingis wevrebi arian `fortuna~, `fortuna+~, àr daidardo~, àvto radio~. Sesabamisad, radio `hereTis~ xelmZRvanelis gancxadeba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom `bilainma~ maTTan sareklamo urTierToba politikuri motivebiT SeaCera, yovelgvar safuZvels aris moklebuli~.
kompania `bilainis~ sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis samsaxuris ufrosi Teona baRdavaZe
maSin, rodesac saarCevno kampanias xelisufleba xuTi TviT adre iwyebs da Riad iyenebs administraciul resurss, rodesac damoukidebeli gazeTis Jurnalists `sod~-i aSantaJebs, rodesac ekonomikis or umniSvnelovanes segmentSi saxelmwifo auqmebs liberalur reformebs da davoben Temaze _ saWiroa Tu ara antimonopoliuri samsaxuri, odnav rTulia, aRiqva im ambis mniSvneloba, romelzec am nomerSi Tiko comaia wers. saqarTvelo procentuli maCvenebliT pirvel adgilzea im qveynebidan, sadac sqesebs Soris Tanafardoba irRveva. CvenTan axalSobilebSi yovel 128 biWze mxolod 100 gogona modis. am monacems mecnierebi sqesobrivi diskriminaciis indikatorad ganixilaven da axalSobilTa mkvlelobebTan akavSireben. Tu es asea, gamodis, rom CvenTan yovelwliurad 2 aTasze meti qali ikeTebs aborts im mizeziT, rom gogos gaCena ar surs. genderuli diskriminacia rom arsebobda, amaSi eWvi arasdros mepareboda, Tumca, verasdros warmovidgendi, rom es pirdapir eqoskopiis kabinetebSi igegmeboda. seleqtiur abortebsa da qarTuli sazogadoebis stereotipebs Soris kavSiri imdenad cxadia, rom axla mafiqrebinebs, iqneb es sakiTxi ufro mniSvnelovani iyos, vidre is Temebi, rac ZiriTad sainformacio nakadSi eqceva, Tundac gansxvavebuli, mwvave aqcentebiT. vfiqrob, rom Cveni movaleobaa, vweroT marginalur Temebze, romlebic
mimdinare problemebis fonze gauferulebulia. amas aranairi eTikis qartia ar sWirdeba _ Jurnalisti isedac unda cdilobdes, miviwyebulis, magram Rirebulis gaSuqebas, rac sazogadoebas usargeblo faseulobebis gadafasebaSi daexmareba. 4 dekembers Jurnalisturi eTikis qartias xeli movawere, magram mainc xSirad maxsendeba JurnalistTa dacvis komisiis aRmasrulebeli direqtoris, joel saimonis sityvebi, rom `presis sabWoebi efeqturad funqcionireben im sazogadoebebSi, romelTac ukve aqvT Camoyalibebuli sxva damoukidebeli institutebi _ es ki is qveynebia, romelTac mediis TviTregulireba yvelaze naklebad sWirdebaT~. ramdenad gamoasworebs qarTuli mediis problemebs axlad dafuZnebuli sabWo, jer Zneli saTqmelia. Tumca, esec procesia. mTavaria, am procesSi sazogadoeba CaerTos. mTavaria, sazogadoeba gamoexmauros problemebs, romlebic mas piradad exeba da ganviTarebaSi xels uSlis. `liberals~ msgavsi gamoxmaurebebis ramdenime precedenti ukve aqvs. imedia, Tiko comaias statiac gaxdeba erTi seriozuli diskusiis dasawyisi, romelic sabolood suraTsac Secvlis.
mogvwereT, Tamar babuaZe, sazogadoebis ganyofilebis redaqtori tamar.babuadze@liberali.ge
www.liberali.ge 2
redaqtorebi: mTavari redaqtori Sorena SaverdaSvili /aRmasrulebeli redaqtori nino jafiaSvili / politika da saerTaSoriso ambebi sofo Waava / kavkasia da konfliqtebi sofo bukia / Jurnalisturi gamoZieba beso kurtaniZe / sazogadoeba Tamar babuaZe / adamianis uflebebi da samarTali nino beqiSvili / axali ambebi naTia axalaSvili redaqcia: foto-redaqtori levan xerxeuliZe / grafikuli dizaini Tornike lorTqifaniZe / redaqtor-stilisti nino svaniZe / koreqtori nino saiTiZe gamomcemloba: proeqtis menejeri qeTi babunaSvili / proeqtis menejeris asistenti lela SubiTiZe / reklamis da gayidvebis direqtori Salva CubiniZe / distributori zviad Sengelia gamomcemeli: Sps `liberali~. misamarTi: Tbilisi 0162, faliaSvilis q. 108. tel.: (995 32) 232235, 233731, 912326. el-fosta: info@liberali.ge sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi~. `liberalis~ saavtoro uflebebi daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi da/an mTliani gamoyeneba redaqciis Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. beWdva: stamba `sezani~. misamarTi: Tbilisi, wereTlis gamz. 140. tel.: (995 32) 35 70 02. tiraJi: 5000 cali. gamodis or kviraSi erTxel. pirveli nomeri gamocemulia 2009 wlis maisSi. rekomendebuli sacalo fasi 2,80 lari. ISSN 1987-7528
mokled
Svididan xuT kvotas arasaparlamento opozicia `media klubisTvis~ iTxovs

parlamentSi sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis sameurveo sabWos wevrobis arasaparlamento opoziciis mier mxardaWerili kandidaturebis nusxa Sevida. prezidentis mier kandidatebis wardgenis Sesaxeb daviT baqraZem ganacxada da opozicias saerTo kandidatebze Sejerebisken mouwoda. parlamentis Tavmjdomarem aRniSna, rom mis saxelze sakanonmdeblo organoSi werili Sevida, romelsac xels awers ramdenime arasaparlamento politikuri partiis warmomadgeneli (konservatorebi, moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis, xalxis partia, saqarTvelos gza da qalTa partia), romlebic survils gamoTqvamen, monawileoba miiRon sabWos dakompleqtebis procesSi. misi TqmiT, am partiebs surT, mxari dauWiron arasamTavrobo seqtorisa da media klubis mier wardgenil kandidaturebs, da Tu saparlamento umciresoba uars ar ityvis Tavisi warmomadgenlebis daniSvnaze, maSin arasaparlamento opoziciisaTvis Svididan xuTi kvotis daTmobas moiTxovs da xuTive adgilze `media klubis~ kandidaturebs uWers mxars. Semdegi konsultaciebi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT ukve parlamentSi warimarTeba.
ia anTaZe Jurnalisturi eTikis qartiis xelmoweris ceremonialze, Tbilisi, 4 dekemberi 2009
eTikis qartia amoqmedda

4 dekembers mediis 140-ma warmomadgenelma xeli moawera Jurnalisturi eTikis qartias da airCia sabWo, romelic sazogadoebisgan miRebul saCivrebs ganixilavs da am formiT gaakontrolebs, ramdenad icaven xelmomweri Jurnalistebi eTikis fundamentur principebs. es mediis TviTregulirebis mesame mcdelobaa. amjerad qartiis teqsti evropis sabWos eqspertebTan wlinaxevriani konsultaciebisa da qarTvel JurnalistebTan regularuli Sexvedrebis Sedegad daiwera. qartiis TiToeuli xelmomweri mxolod sakuTar Tavs warmoadgens da ara organizacias. amiT izrdeba individualuri pasuxismgeblobis xarisxi da xelmowera ar kargavs azrs arc im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki Jurnalisti samuSao adgils icvlis. qarTuli mediis TviTregulirebis meqanizms pirvelad eyoleba mxolod JurnalistebiT dakompleqtebuli sabWo. 9 adgili sabWoSi axla ase gadanawilda: 6 wevri regionuli mediidan airCies, 3 ki _ Tbilisidan. Tbilisidan sabWos wevrebi gaxdnen: studia `monitoris~ damfuZnebeli nino zuriaSvili, gazeT `rezonansis~ erT-erTi redaqtori, eliso CafiZe da kavkasiis mediaskolis dekani lia CaxunaSvili. regionebs ki sabWoSi warmoadgenen: gazeT `baTumelebidan~ eTer TuraZe da Tedo jorbenaZe, `25-e arxidan~ merab merkvilaZe, quTaisis gamocema àxali gazeTis~ Jurnalisti maia mecxvariSvili, radio `hereTis~ warmomadgeneli xaTuna gogaSvili da irakli absanZe foTidan.
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telekompania `kavkasiis~ Jurnalistma aleko elisaSvilma sakuTari kandidatura im motiviT moxsna, rom sazogadoebis garkveul nawils mis miukerZoeblobaSi eWvi ar Sehparvoda. `mgoni, avirCieT iseTi sabWo, rogorzec SeiZleba, verc meocneba~, _ acxadebda arCevnebis dasrulebis Semdeg ia anTaZe. qartiaze xelmomweri Jurnalistebi SeTanxmdnen, rom sabWo zustad im adamianebiT dakompleqtda, romelTa profesionalizmsa da gambedaobaSi sazogadoebas eWvi ar Seepareba. maTi varaudiT, sabWos mimarT ndoba iseTi maRali iqneba, rom, wina wlebisgan gansxvavebiT, sazogadoeba Jurnalistebis yvela Secdomas gamoexmaureba. 140 Jurnalists Soris umravlesoba regionuli mediis warmomadgenelia. mxolod TiTo-orola adamianma moawera xeli wamyvani nacionaluri arxebidan. ia anTaZe ambobs, rom amiT `rusTavi 2~ da ìmedi~ qartias arc gaemijnen, magram jerjerobiT arc uerTdebian. realurad ki, anTaZis TqmiT, qartiis asociacia erTmaneTisgan gamijnavs pasuxismgeblobian da upasuxismgeblo medias da xels Seuwyobs qveyanaSi Jurnalisturi standartebis amaRlebas. profesiuli standarti _ es is kategoriaa, romelsac CvenTan marTlac uamravi problema aqvs. es problemebi, SesaZloa, mediaze ganxorcielebuli politikuri zewolis fonze arc imdenad mniSvnelovani Candes, magram mainc droulad mosagvarebelia. Jurnalisturi eTikis qartia mediis swored am problemebis gadaWris mcdeloba iqneba.
mokled
`mistrali~ _ axali safrTxe saqarTvelosTvis

aseTi gemebis erTaderTi daniSnulebis adgili Savi zRvaa. Sedegebi, SesaZloa, damRupveli aRmoCndes, _ ase ganacxada saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministrma grigol vaSaZem safrangeTSi vizitisas. man usafrTxoebis garantiebic moiTxova safrangeTSi, Tu am qveynisgan ruseTi samxedro xomald mistrals SeiZens. vaSaZemde parizSi samxedro da energetikuli TanamSromlobis sakiTxebze mosalaparakeblad ruseTis premierministri vladimir putini imyofeboda. swored am vizitis dros ganixiles rusulma da frangulma mxareebma wyalxmeleTa moieriSe xomaldis _ `mistralis~ yidvis SesaZleblobebi. noembris bolos mistrali sankt-peterburgSic gamoCnda. rusuli mxare apirebs, rom SeiZinos es xomaldi da momavalSi misi klasis kidev ramdenime gemi Tavissave qveyanaSi daamzados, Tumca rogor da ra teqnologiebiT, jerjerobiT gaurkvevelia. frangul mxares amasTan dakavSirebiT oficialuri komentari jer ar gaukeTebia. `mistralis~ klasis gems SeuZlia gadazidos 16 mZime da 35-mde msubuqi vertmfreni, 4 sadesanto transporti, 900 jariskaci da 70-mde erTeuli samxedro satransporto saSualeba, maT Soris _ 40 tanki. aseve SesaZlebelia misi gamoyeneba marTvisa da kontrolis centrad. es garigeba nato-s wevris mxridan ruseTisTvis samxedrosazRvao teqnologiebis gadacemis uprecedento SemTxveva gaxdeba. samxedro TvalsazrisiT, ruseTisTvis es yvelaze didi ucxouri SenaZeni iqneba. es ki amerikis SeSfoTebas iwvevs. frangul mxares am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT oficialuri komentari jer ar gaukeTebia. eqspertebis SefasebiT, msgavsi SeTanxmeba safrangeTis mxridan politikuri gadawyvetileba iqneba, rac amerikisTvis miuRebelia.
citatebi
ùnda aRiniSnos, rom ar arsebobs saqarTveloSi arc erTi satelevizio arxi, romelsac raRac tipis saxelmwifo daxmarebis gareSe muSaoba SeeZlos. ase rom, garkveuli doziT samTavrobo Careva gardauvalia~. grigol vaSaZe 14 oqtomberi, londoni
`SeuZlebelia, vilaparakoT Tavisufali arCevnebisa da WeSmariti demokratiis Sesaxeb im qveynebSi, sadac mosaxleobis umetesi nawili informacias iRebs televiziidan, romelic xelisuflebis xelSia, an Tu sakuTrebaSia, maSin an xelisuflebis liderTa megobrebi floben mas, an maTi ojaxebi... Tu am qveynebSi sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli arsebobs, isic, faqtobrivad, propagandis instrumentadaa qceuli xelisuflebis xelSi~. mikloS haraSti (Miklos Haraszti) euTo-s warmomadgeneli mediis Tavisuflebis sakiTxebSi 26 noemberi, AP `Cven gulqva mTavroba varT da marto normativebiT vxelmZRvanelobT? Tu vardebis revolucia imitom moxda, rom SevardnaZesaviT sul mizezi gvqondes, ratom aris xalxi saRoreSi. zamTarSi rom bavSvi gaiyineba da mokvdeba, bodiSi, yvelas jvari weria, mere ra vqnaT? rogorc Cans, CvenTan saqarTveloSi gaCnda da gamoviyvaneT kasta biurokratebis, romelsac, bodiSi da, yvelaferi fexebze kidia, garda raRac saCvenebeli RonisZiebebisa~. mixeil saakaSvili 30 noemberi, quTaisi àdamians, romelic Cven kolegas fizikur Seuracxyofas ayenebs, aginebs, ar unda mivceT saSualeba, rom Tavi Tanabrad igrZnos da parlamentis sxdomebs SeuzRudavad daeswros~. daviT baqraZe 1 dekemberi, saqarTvelos parlamenti
ricxvebi
150 milioni lariT finansdeba biujetidan yovelwliurad saxelmwifos mflobelobaSi arsebuli wamgebiani sawarmoebi.
100 milion lars Seitans `saqarTvelos rkinigza~ wels

biujetSi.
5000 tona mandarini ukve gaitanes afxazeTidan ruseTSi am sezonze.

vrclad
mflobelebis Sesaxeb informacia isev sajaroa

damfuZneblebis Sesaxeb informaciis sajarooba biznesis gamWvirvalobas bolomde ver uzrunvelyofs. qarTuli kompaniebis nawils ofSorul zonebSi daregistrirebuli firmebi floben.
maia wiklauri
qarTul ekonomikur bazarze samewarmeo reestris bazidan mflobelisa da mewileebis Sesaxeb informaciis amoRebis gamo gaugebari rCeboda Tu visi dafuZnebulia esa Tu is kompania. Tumca samewarmeo reestris bazaSi mflobelebisa da mewileebis Sesaxeb informacia 2010 wlis 1 ianvridan kvlav Ria iqneba. amiT gauqmdeba finansTa ministris 2008 wlis maisis brZaneba, romelmac es akrZalva daawesa. mTeli sainformacio baza ki finansTa saministrodan sajaro reestris erovnul saagentoSi gadava. xSiria SemTxvevebi, roca qarTuli kompaniis faqtobrivi mflobelebi ar Canan da gaurkvevelia, Tu vin marTavs maT sinamdvileSi. ekonomikuri eqspertebis azriT, informaciis gaxsniloba xels biznesis gamWvirvalobas Seuwyobs, rac, Tavis mxriv, gavlenas momxmarebelze, xelisuflebaze, partniorebsa da investorebze moaxdens. dainteresebul pirebs SeeZlebaT dinamikaSi adevnon Tvali, Tu rogor moxdeba wilebis gadanawileba, damfuZneblebis cvlileba sxvadasxva kompaniaSi. informaciis gamWvirvalobis mizniT, `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ da `sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ kanonebSi cvlileba noemberSi Sevida. am cvlilebis mixedviT, nebismieri msurveli sajaro reestris veb-gverdidanve iolad Seityobs informacias mewarmeTa da arasamewarmeo iuridiul pirTa saqmianobis, maTi partniorTa qonebis, maTi oficialuri warmomadgenlebisa da uflebamosilebis Sesaxeb. am siaxlem xeli unda Seuwyos biznesgaremos gamWvirvalobas, rac reestris xelmZRvanelis soso wiqariSvilis TqmiT, xelisuflebis survilic iyo
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da sazogadoebis dakveTac. Tumca, irkveva, rom gamWvirvalobas amjeradac mxolod sanaxevrod miviRebT. yvelaze mniSvnelovani sakanonmdeblo xarvezi, rac xelisuflebas mediaze kontrolis saSualebas aZlevs, ar gamosworebula. sajaro reestrSi mewarmeTa bazis gadatanis Semdegac ucnobi darCeba, magaliTad, im ofSoruli kompaniebis realuri mflobelebis, mewileebisa da partniorebis Sesaxeb informacia, romlebic telearxebs floben. maT Soris arian telekompania `rusTavi 2~-is 70%-is mflobeli virjiniis kunZulebze daregistrirebuli Degson Limited da, Tundac, telekompania `saqarTvelos~ mflobeli, aseve gaurkveveli warmoSobis kompania Denal Union. finansTa ministris moadgile irakli RvalaZe adasturebs, rom qarTuli kanonmdeblobiT, ofSoruli kompaniebis mflobelebis vinaobis dadgena SeuZlebelia. òfSorSi registrirebuli kompaniebis damfuZneblebi, rogorc wesi, ofSorul zonebSic ar aris cnobili. maTi kanonmdebloba am informacias ar iTvaliswinebs~, _ ambobs RvalaZe. Tumca, rac ufro mniSvnelovania, mflobelebis Sesaxeb informaciis sajaroobas arc saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba iTxovs. amitom kiTxva _ dganan Tu ara televiziebis ukan politikuri interesebis mqone mflobelebi an monopolistebi, kvlavac Riad rCeba. iuristi Tamar gurCiani miiCnevs, rom am sferoSi radikaluri cvlileba ar momxdara, _ àRniSnuli normebi arc 2008 wlis maisamde da arc axla ar aregulirebs realur situacias. kanoni maSinac da ukve axlac akeTebs mxolod imis deklarirebas,
rom samewarmeo reestri aris sajaro. Tumca ver gansazRvravs TviTon samewarmeo reestris formulars~. reestris formulari, anu ra vadebSi, ra formiT da rogor unda gasces saagentom informacia, is sakiTxia, romelsac kanoni ki ara, ministris brZaneba aregulirebs. sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos iuristis koba baxturiZis TqmiT, ministris brZaneba gamoqveyndeba, Tumca konkretuli TariRi ucnobia (kanonSi ar aris miTiTebuli, Tu ra vadaSi unda gamoqveyndes brZaneba). misi TqmiT, kompaniebi valdebulebi iqnebian, adre ganxorcielebuli cvlilebis Sesaxebac acnobon reestrs. Tu kompaniebi ar warmoadgenen informacias Secvlili mflobelebis an gadanacvlebuli wilebis Sesaxeb, maT kanoni pasuxs mosTxovs. Tumca, Tamar gurCianis TqmiT, jer ministris brZanebis proeqtic ar arsebobs. àmitom, sityvaze veravis vendobi da ver davijereb, rom Ria gaxdeba yvela is cvlileba, romelic mflobelobis mxriv 2008 wlis maisaidan 2009 wlis noembramde moxda~. amitom jer kidev kiTxvis niSnis qveS dgas, gaigebs Tu ara sazogadoeba, am periodis ganmavlobaSi rogor da vis Soris xdeboda wilebis gadanawileba. arada, `rusTavi 2~ bolos swored 2009 wlis ivnisSi gasxvisda. ase rom, informacia ixsneba, Tumca SezRudulad. mxolod cvlilebebis ZalaSi Sesvlis Semdeg gaxdeba kidev ufro cxadi, informaciis sajarooba Cven qveyanaSi mxolod deklarirebuli Rirebulebaa, Tu is, rac sajaro reestris vebgverdze sruliad kanonierad SegviZlia miviRoT wamebSi.
vrclad
14 kiTxva mTavrobas, 27 _ patriarqs

samoqalaqo sazogadoebis nawilma xelisuflebasa da patriarqs im SekiTxvebis CamonaTvali gadasca, romelze pasuxic, maTi azriT, lustraciis dasawyisi gaxdeba.
naTia axalaSvili
iqneba Tu ara meore turi?

anton kriveniuki, soxumi
saprezidento arCevnebze xelisuflebis mier administraciuli resursis amoqmedebis SemTxvevaSi, afxazeTi SeiZleba samoqalaqo dapirispirebis zRvarze aRmoCndes. afxazuri opozicia darwmunebulia, rom prezidenti baRafSi 12 dekembris saprezidento arCevnebisTvis administraciul resurss srulad aamoqmedebs, raTa kidev 5 wliT darCes qveynis saTaveSi. opoziciis azriT, saarCevno karuselis datrialebas xelisufleba gansakuTrebiT sazRvargareT gaxsnil saarCevno ubnebze Seecdeba. afxazeTis farglebs gareT ori saarCevno ubani gaixsneba _ moskovsa da CerqeskSi. miaxloebiTac ki aravin icis, ramdeni amomrCeveli miva am ubnebze. arc isaa daTvlili, zogadad, afxazeTis ramdeni moqalaqe cxovrobs qveynis farglebs gareT. opozicia irwmuneba, rom xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi sabiujeto organizaciebis TanamSromlebs aSineben da aiZuleben xma baRafSs miscen. adgilobriv damkvirvebelTa TqmiT, arCevnebis dros administraciuli resursis gamoyenebam, SesaZloa, 2004 wlis movlenebis ganmeoreba gamoiwvios, rodesac xelisuflebisaTvis brZola lamis samoqalaqo dapirispirebaSi gadaizarda. sociologebis mtkicebiT, amomrCeveli maRal aqtivobas gamoiCens, Tumca Sedegebis gamoqveynebis Semdeg konfliqtis saSiSroeba maRalia. baRafSis StabSi irwmunebian, rom pirvelive turSi gaimarjveben. opozicia ki ambobs, rom Tu es marTlac ase moxda, mxolod dadasturdeba, rom xelisuflebam administraciuli resursi maqsimalurad gamoiyena. arc erT opozicioner kandidats eWvi ar epareba, rom afxazeTis saprezidento arCevnebis meore turi Sedgeba.
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis sainiciativo jgufis mimarTva patriarqs da mTavrobas, Tbilisi, 3 dekemberi 2009
beqa mindiaSvili, Tea TuTberiZe, daviT amirejibi, vasil kobaxiZe, oTar qaSakaSvili da kidev 230 adamiani xels awers SekiTxvebs, romlebze sajaro msjelobac qarTuli politikuri da religiuri realobis sabWoTa memkvidreobisgan gaTavisuflebis winapiroba unda gaxdes. Tea TuTberiZe ambobs, rom SekiTxvebis safuZveli gaxda uSiSroebis arqivebidan amoRebuli masala, romelic mas miawodes. TuTberiZis TqmiT, kiTxvebis CamonaTvali ramdenime vebgverdze iyo ganTavsebuli da xelmowerebic iqve gakeTda. adresatebTan kiTxvaris mitanamde mcirericxovani aqcia moewyo petriwis ZeglTan (baraTaSvilis quCaze), sadac sainiciativo jgufis wevrebi cdilobdnen, xmamaRla waekiTxaT kiTxvebi. aqciaze misuli ramdenime adamiani ki maTTvis xelis SeSlas cdilobda. isini ambobdnen, rom marTlmadidebeli eklesiis mrevli arian. xelisuflebis mimarT dasmul SekiTxvebze pasuxis gacema, sainiciativo jgufis azriT, mniSvnelovania qveynis demokratiuli ganviTarebisa da
kanonis uzenaesobis damkvidrebisTvis. vTvliT, rom saqarTvelos saxelmwifosa da marTlmadidebel eklesias Soris urTierToba winaaRmdegobaSi modis sekularuli saxelmwifos Zireul principebTan. Cven, moqalaqeebi SeSfoTebas gamovTqvamT da mogmarTavT ramdenime kiTxviT, _ naTqvamia mimarTvaSi. sainiciativo jgufis warmomadgenelTa TqmiT, eklesiam pasuxi unda gasces im kiTxvebs, romelic sazogadoebaSi arsebobs da am sakiTxebze sajaro msjelobiT safuZveli unda daudos qarTuli politikisa da religiuri realobis sabWoTa memkvidreobisgan gaTavisuflebas, lustraciis procesis dawyebas. sapatriarqoSi SekiTxvebze pasuxebis gacemas ar apireben. SekiTxvebis avtorebs Cven sazogadoebis nawilad ar vTvliT da ar vapirebT masze pasuxebis gacemas~, _ acxadebs sapatriarqos sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis samsaxuris ufrosi mama daviT SaraSeniZe. prezidentis presspikeri manana manjgalaZe ambobs, rom xelisuflebisTvis dasmul SekiTxvebs piradad mixeil saakaSvili upasuxebs.
xajinbas mxardamWerTa aqcia, soxumi, 2004
ori azri
momxre
daviT onofriSvili
partia `Cveni saqarTvelo - Tavisufali demokratebi~, ekonomikur mecnierebaTa doqtori, finansTa ministri 1999-2000ww.
dRes saqarTvelos samomxmareblo bazris sxvadasxva segmenti monopolizirebulia maRali kontrolirebadi fasebiT erTi an erTmaneTTan morigebuli ramdenime kompaniis mier. faqtobrivad ar arsebobs an SezRudulia Tavisufali sabazro konkurencia. 2005 wels saqarTvelos xelisuflebam yovelgvari debatebis gareSe moulodnelad gaauqma antimonopoliuri kanonmdebloba, romelic jer kidev 1996 wels miiRo parlamentma da romelic mniSvnelovnad pasuxobda saerTaSoriso gamocdilebisa da praqtikas. Sesabamisad, gauqmda antimonopoliuri samsaxuri, romlis ZiriTadi funqcia iyo konkurenciis uzrunvelyofa da bazarze monopoliuri saqmianobis aRkveTa; momxmarebelTa uflebebis dacva; sareklamo saqmianobis regulireba; sasaqonlo da safinanso bazrebis analizi. realuri antimonopoliuri kanonmdeblobis sanacvlod, miRebul iqna kanoni `Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis Sesaxeb~ da Seiqmna SezRuduli uflebebis mqone ekonomikis saministros saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba _ Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis saagento. axali kanoni ukve aRar aregulirebs monopoliur saqmianobas da ar zRudavs mas. axlad Seqmnil saagentos aRar exeba zedamxedvelobis iseTi mniSvnelovani funqciebis ganxorcieleba, rogoricaa bazarze dominanturi mdgomareobis borotad gamoyeneba, konkurenciis SemzRudveli xelSekrulebebis da SeTanxmebuli saqmianobis Seswavla; kompaniebis Sesyidva da Serwyma monopoliuri saqmianobis gansaxorcieleblad da a.S. fsevdoliberaluri ideebiT egzaltirebulma mTavrobam, imis magivrad, rom droTa ganmavlobaSi institucionalurad gaeZlierebina antimonopoliuri samsaxuri da arsebuli monopoliuri struqturebi SeezRuda bazarze, piriqiT, Seqmna adgilobrivi da sxvadasxva produqciis importiori monopolistebi, ris gardauvali Sedegicaa samomxmareblo bazris monopolistur segmentebze fasebis zrda da produqciis xarisxis gauareseba. mTavrobam mizanmimarTulad Sewyvita, erTi mxriv, monopolizirebuli sasaqonlo da safinanso bazrebis analizi da, meore mxriv, gaauqma produqciis xarisxze kontrolis samsaxuri. amgvari mdgomareobis SeqmniT mniSvnelovnad garTulda saeqsperto doneze monopolisturi segmentebis srulyofili analizis Catarebis SesaZlebloba. Tavisufali konkurenciis SezRudvis mxriv ki mdgomareoba Sesaswavlia saqarTvelos ekonomikis sxvadasxva sferoebSi, maT Soris _ komunikaciebis (mobiluri, interneti), navTobproduqtebis, farmacevtuli, sxvadasxva saxis saimporto produqciis saqonelze, aseve bunebrivi monopoliebis sasaqonlo bazris mimarTulebiT da sxva. saboloo jamSi, gauazrebeli, arakvalificiuri da qveynis ekonomikisaTvis saziano gadawyvetilebis Sedegad wagebuli darCa saqarTvelos mosaxleoba, romelsac dRes ufro meti Tanxis gadaxda uwevs xelovnurad gaZvirebul produqciaSi. antimonopoliuri kanonmdeblobis ararsebobis gamo, evrokavSiri da evrokomisia sakuTar kritikul daskvnebSi saqarTvelos xelisuflebas miuTiTeben, rom qveyanaSi arsebuli samarTlebrivi da institucionaluri viTareba ver uzrunvelyofs samarTlian da Tavisufal konkurentul garemos, rac Tavisufali 8
unda dabrundes Tu ara anti

sabazro ekonomikis erT-erTi fundamenturi principis ugulebelyofaa. axali 2005 wlis kanoni `Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis Sesaxeb~ ZiriTadad aregulirebs saxelmwifo daxmarebisa da miznobrivi programebis sakiTxebs da naklebad exeba antimonopoliuri regulirebisa da arakeTilsindisier konkurenciis sakiTxebs. Sesabamisad, Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis saagentos ar gaaCnia realuri berketebi, raTa bazarze SezRudos antimonopoliuri saqmianoba da faqtobrivad warmoadgens sakonsultacio dawesebulebas. bolo wlebia, sazogadoebas arc erTxel ar gaugia iseTi SemTxvevis Sesaxeb, rodesac romelime biznes struqtura an romelime kompaniis saqmianoba nawilobriv mainc yofiliyo SemCneuli antimonopoliur saqmianobaSi da mis mimarT Sesabamisi RonisZieba gatarebuliyo. praqtikulad, ar arsebobs zusti informacia sxvadasxva kompaniis mier monopoliuri saqmianobis Sesaxeb, rac 2005 wlis sakanonmdeblo cvlilebis pirdapiri uaryofiTi Sedegia. Sesabamisad, bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi bazarze monopoliuri mdgomareobis mqone araerTma kompaniam miiRo zemogebebi arsebuli `liberaluri~ garemosa da mosaxleobis xarjze. am mdgomareobidan erTi gamosavalia _ saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisi antimonopoliuri kanonmdeblobis miReba. unda aRdges realurad moqmedi antimonopoliuri samsaxuri, romelic SezRudavs monopoliur struqturebs da Seqmnis pirobebs janmrTeli konkurenciisaTvis, rac mniSvnelovnad Seumsubuqebs mosaxleobas samomxmareblo bazarze arCevanis gakeTebas, xelmisawvdomi fasisa da xarisxis mravalferovnebis Sesabamisad.
ori azri
imonopoliuri regulireba?
mowinaaRmdege
vaxtang megreliSvili Tavisufali universiteti

cnobili gamoTqma `jojoxeTisaken mimavali gza keTili survilebiT aris mokirwyluli~ zustad axasiaTebs saxelmwifos antimonopoliur regulirebas. iTvleba, rom antimonopoliuri regulirebis mizani konkurenciis uzrunvelyofaa. ramdenad Sedis bazris didi wilis mqone kompaniis interesSi, xelovnurad gazardos fasi ufro didi mogebis miRebis mizniT an xelovnurad dawios fasi konkurentebis bazridan gaZevebis mizniT? ramdenad saWiroa bunebrivi monopoliebisa da kompaniebis Serwymis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifos Careva? konkurenciis SezRudvis Sedegad monopoliis an kartelis Camoyalibeba SesaZlebelia maSin, rodesac arsebobs: 1. barierebi vaWrobaSi; 2. bazarze Sesvlis barierebi; 3. privilegiis miniWeba sxvisi diskriminaciis xarjze. samive saxelmwifos saqmianobasTanaa dakavSirebuli da xSirad momxmareblis usafrTxoebis dacviTaa motivirebuli. Tu biznesisaTvis xelovnuri dabrkolebis Seqmna mxolod saxelmwifos SeuZlia, maSin saWiroa misi SezRudva. Tu saxelmwifo romelime biznes-seqtorSi mdgomareobis gamosworebas Seecdeba kompaniebis saqmianobaSi CareviT, gamodis, rom is cdilobs sxva saxelmwifo organoebis saqmianobiT gamowveuli Sedegebis gamosworebas, xolo Tu mcdeloba mimarTulia konkurenciis SemzRudveli mizezis gamosworebaze, maSin yuradReba unda gadavitanoT seqtoris im maregulirebel saxelmwifo organoebze, visi saqmianobac problemas iwvevs.
2005 wels antimonopoliuri samsaxuri gauqmda da Seiqmna Tavisufali vaWrobisa da konkurenciis saagento. reformis mizania, SeezRuda saxelmwifo organoebis SesaZlebloba, SeeqmnaT xelovnuri barierebi an erTi kompaniisaTvis miecaT privilegiebi konkurentis diskriminaciis xarjze. reformis mowinaaRmdegeebi Zveli formatis antimonopoliuri samsaxuris gauqmebas qveynisaTvis did danakargad miiCneven. Tumca misi saqmianobis Sedegebi bundovania. antimonopoliuri samsaxuri verc ki iocnebebda Zlieri `magTis~ an `jeoselis~ msgavsi kompaniebis SezRudvaze maTi gulSematkivari saxelmwifo Cinovnikebis gavlenis gamo, amitom is wvrilmani korufciiT dakavda. saxelmwifos mier konkurenciis SezRudvis kargi magaliTia farmacevtuli bazari. ikrZaleboda sxva qveynebSi daSvebuli wamlis importi, TiTqos momxmareblisTvis gaugebari iqneboda ingliseli momxmareblisaTvis dawerili wamlis instruqcia. an qarTveli xalxis janmrTelobaze ufro kompetenturi Cinovnikebi zrunavdnen, vidre amerikeli Cinovnikebi arian. privilegirebul kompanias efeqturad SeeZlo konkurentebis diskriminacia. saafTiaqo biznesisaTvis arakonkurentuli garemos Seqmna saxelmwifom higienuri da profesiuli standartebis dawesebiT moaxerxa. Sedegad SeizRuda kompaniebis da maRalxarisxiani produqciis raodenoba, ramac bunebrivia gazarda wamlis fasi. 1996-2005 wlebSi, antimonopoliuri samsaxuris arsebobis dros, farmacevtul bazarze sami yvelaze msxvili kompaniis sabazro wili 65% iyo. samsaxuris gauqmebis Semdeg maTi wili 10,1%-iT Semcirda. konkurenciis gaZlierebis mizezi 2005 wels farmacevtuli seqtoris saxelmwifo regulirebis odnavi Semsubuqebaa. wamlis bazarze konkurenciis gazrdis mizniT, cvlilebebi `wamlisa da farmacevtuli saqmianobis Sesaxeb~ kanonSi 2009 wels Sevida da bevri SezRudva gauqmda. uaxloes momavalSi reformis Sedegi wonadi argumenti gaxdeba swori politikis Sesaxeb debatebSi. Tavisufali bazris pirobebSi, SeuZlebelia, kompaniam bazarze miRweuli mdgomareoba borotad gamoiyenos, vinaidan xelovnurad gazrdili fasi momentalurad iwvevs konkurentebis stimulirebas, miiRon bazarze Sesvlis gadawyvetileba. xolo Tu e.w. monopolisti~ kompania efeqturia da mxolod misi momsaxurebis dabali fasi ukargavs konkurents bazarze Sesvlis survils, gaugebaria, ra uflebiT unda Caerios saxelmwifo mis saqmianobaSi da aRkveTos `monopolia~. Tavisufali bazari Tavad axdens monopoliebis `demonopolizacias~. fasebis Semcireba konkurenciis teqnologiaa, rac momxmarebels saSualebas aZlevs, airCios masze ukeT morgebuli produqti _ gansazRvravs fasisa da xarisxis optimalur Sefardebas, zrdis momxmareblis kmayofilebas. fasebis Semcireba ganpirobebulia ara konkurentebis bazridan xelovnurad `gaZevebis~ surviliT, aramed efeqturi teqnologiis gamoyenebiTa da xarjebis SemcirebiT. `bunebrivi monopoliebis~ xangrZlivad arseboba SeuZlebelia, rasac adasturebs istoriuli gamocdileba. `bunebriv monopoliad~ miCneul sferoebSi Camnacvlebeli produqtebis gaCenam avtomaturad `gadaaqcia~ isini konkurentulad. daarwmunos sazogadoeba da saxelmwifo organoebi antimonopoliuri regulirebis saWiroebaSi, araefeqturi kompaniebis interesebSia. motivi konkurentebisagan Tavdacvaa. praqtikaSi antimonopoliuri kanonebi ara momxmareblebis, aramed mwarmoeblebis dasacavad gamoiyeneba. antimonopoliuri regulireba warmatebuli da inovaciuri kompaniebis SemzRudavi praqtikaa, rac maregulirebelTan garigebaSi Sesvlis stimulirebas axdens da sruldeba korufciiT. 9
ilustracia sofo kirTaZe, wignis saxelosno
fokusi - arCevnebi arCevnebamde
axali Tbiliselebi
didia albaToba, rom dedaqalaqis meris arCevnebSi monawileobas fiqtiuri Tbiliselebi miiReben. amaze `nacionaluri moZraobis~ aqtivistebi Tavad hyvebian.
nino robaqiZe
`miTxres, rom Cems binaSi TbilisSi unda Cavwero Cemi naTesavebi, romlebic sofelSi cxovroben. rac mets Cavwer, miT ukeTesi~, _ hyveba qalbatoni nana, romlisTvisac momavali arCevnebi mesame iqneba, rac is `nacionaluri moZraobis~ erT-erTi saarCevno ubnis komisiis wevria. ambobs, rom aseTi davaleba adre arasdros miuRia. àr vici, zustad ramden larzea saubari, magram soflebidan Camosulebs mgzavrobis xarjebs aunazRaureben da garkveul kompensaciazec iyo miniSneba~. qalbatoni nana mxolod im pirobiT daTanxmda `liberalTan~ saubars, rom mis vinaobas saidumlod davtovebdiT. misi naambobidan irkveva, rom nacionaluri moZraobis raionuli organizaciis wevrebma daavales, masTan binaSi ramdenime naTesavi Caewera, romlebic axal piradobis mowmobebs TbilisSi aiRebdnen. qalbatoni nanasTvis am maqinaciis mizezic cnobilia: `realurad, es piradobebi maT mxolod erTi dRiT dasWirdebaT _ arCevnebze Camovlen~. `nacionaluri moZraobis~ am aqtivistis msgavsad, Cveni meore respondentic sajaro skolis maswavlebelia. 2008 wlis saprezidento da saparlamento arCevnebze isic saxelisuflebo partiis mier wardgenili saubno komisiis wevri iyo. erTi Tvis win partiis raionuli ofisidan masac daukavSirdnen da sTxoves TbilisSi, Tavis binaSi, raionSi mcxovrebi naTesavebi daeregistrirebina. àr myavs raionSi axlo naTesavebi, romlebic SeiZleboda am SemTxvevaSi binaSi Camewera. Tan binis privatizaciis problemac mqonda. Sempirdnen, rom privatizaciis proceduras uproblemod momigvarebdnen Tu Cems binaSi droebiT daregistrirebis uflebas mivcemdi ramdenime adamians. rogorc vici, regionebSi maT Cveni aqtivistebi arCeven da, ra Tqma unda, isini TbilisSi
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arc sacxovreblad gadmodian da arc samuSaod~, _ ambobs es qalbatoni. `nacionaluri moZraobis~ Tbilisis koordinatori mako lasuraSvili kategoriulad uaryofs msgavsi miTiTebis gacemas. igives acxadebdnen partiaSi 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Semdegac. Tumca maSin TbilisSi saburTalos quCis 44 nomerSi mcxovrebi partiis aqtivistis (romelic saarCevno ubanze komisiis Tavmjdomare iyo) binaSi arCevnebamde ramdenime dRiT adre ormocamde adamianis Caweris faqti saerTaSoriso organizaciebis yuradRebis miRma ar darCenila. euTo-s demokratiuli institutebisa da adamianis uflebaTa ofisis sadamkvirveblo misiis angariSebi 2008 wlis or arCevnebze, amomrCe-
mebiT, TbilisSi, saburTalos raionSi dafiqsirda 692 misamarTi, binis nomris gareSe, sadac aTze meti amomrCeveli iyo daregistrirebuli. am amomrCevelTa saerTo raodenoba 12,119-s Seadgens~, _ weria 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Sesaxeb euTo-s saboloo daskvnaSi. 19 noembers opoziciuri politikuri blokis àliansi saqarTvelosaTvis~ sakrebulos Tavmjdomareobis kandidatma sozar subarma specialur brifingze ganacxada: àm gziT Tbilisis TiToeul saarCevno ubanze daaxloebiT 70-dan 100-mde adamianis daregistrireba igegmeba, romlebic `nacionaluri moZraobis~ kandidatis sasargeblod miscemen xmas~. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom TbilisSi 750-mde saarCevno ubania, es niSnavs, rom, su-
àxali Tbiliselebis~ registracia ar iqneba iseTive stiqiuri, rogorc 2008 wels. amjerad TiTo aqtivistis misamarTze 4-5 axali mosaxle ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi registrirdeba.
velTa registraciis Sefasebis nawilSi Zalian hgavda erTmaneTs. `dafiqsirda mravali SemTxveva, rodesac 18-dan 80-mde amomrCeveli erTsa da imave misamarTze iyo daregistrirebuli~, _ naTqvamia euTo-s angariSSi 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis Sesaxeb. OSCE/ODIHR-is damkvirveblebma daadastures ramdenime aseTi faqti Tbilissa da baTumSi, sadac binis mflobelebma maT binaSi daregistrirebuli bevri adamianis Taobaze Tavadac araferi icodnen. ìusticiis saministros monacemebiT, TbilisSi sul 376 misamarTi dafiqsirda, sadac aTze meti amomrCeveli iyo daregistrirebuli (rig adgilebSi 18 da meti). amave monacebaris informaciiT, Tbilisis meris arCevnebSi monawileobas daaxloebiT 75 000 araTbiliseli amomrCeveli miiRebs. sozar subarma ganacxada, rom àliansi saqarTvelosTvis~ iwyebs dedaqalaqSi moqalaqeTa registrirebis raodenobrivi maCveneblis kontrols da im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dinamika mkveTrad Seicvleba, aliansi informacias saerTaSoriso organizaciebsa da saelCoebs miawodebs. samoqalaqo reestris saagentos xelmZRvaneli giorgi vaSaZe, romlis kandidaturac, daudasturebeli informaciiT, cesko-s Tavmjdomaris postze ganixileba, opoziciis braldebebs absurduls uwodebs da
`liberalTan~ am Temaze saubars ar Tanxmdeba. reestris vebgverdze gamoqveynebuli informaciis mixedviT ki, `moqalaqe valdebulia, Secvalos piradobis mowmoba sacxovrebeli adgilis Secvlisas da amisaTvis unda warmoadginos an sacxovrisis mesakuTreobis damadasturebeli sabuTi an sacxovrisis mesakuTris mier Sevsebuli Tanxmobis werilis dadgenili forma~. iuristebis ganmartebiT, problema isaa, rom ar arsebobs meqanizmi, romelic gaakontrolebs, marTlac cxovrobs Tu ara moqalaqe registraciis adgilas. nebismier adamians, romelsac survili aqvs, Seicvalos registraciis adgili, aqvs amis ufleba. samoqalaqo reestrSi registrirebis Semdeg pirovneba avtomaturad xvdeba Sesabamisi saarCevno ubnis amomrCevelTa siaSi. amisTvis saWiroa, samoqalaqo reestrma sia centralur saarCevno komisias miawodos. sadamkvirveblo misiebis angariSebidan Cans, rom amomrCevelTa mxolod mcire procenti amowmebs sakuTar Tavs siaSi da kidev ufro cota adamiani amowmebs, aris Tu ara mis misamarTze registrirebuli vinme, realurad mcxovrebi adamianebis garda. raki `nacionaluri moZraobis~ aqtivistebi adastureben, rom yvela maTgani sakuTari TanxmobiT aregistrirebs kuTvnil binaSi damatebiT adamianebs, kontrolis es saSualebac azrs kargavs. amave dros cxadi xdeba, rom àxali Tbiliselebis~ registracia ar iqneba iseTive stiqiuri, rogorc 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis dros. Tu maSin erT misamarTze erT dReSi SeiZleba 80 adamianic Caweriliyo, amjerad TiTo aqtivistis misamarTze 4-5 axali mosaxle ramdenime Tvis ganmavlobaSi registrirdeba. am kargad organizebuli procesis gamoaSkaraveba SesaZlebelia mxolod samoqalaqo reestris saagentoSi piradobis mowmobebis gacemis saeWvod mzardi dinamikis aRmoCeniT. Tumca aseT SemTxvevaSic, yvelaze meti, rac am aRmoCenas SeiZleba mohyves, kidev erTi qveTavia saerTaSoriso sadamkvirveblo misiebis angariSebSi, romelic 2010 wlis TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebs mieZRvneba.
ilustracia TaTia nadareiSvili, wignis saxelosno
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skola, rogorc politikuri iaraRi
rogor irCevs skola

SesaZloa, arCevnebis win skola isev gaxdes iaraRi xelisuflebis xelSi. amaze 161-e skolaSi momxdari incidentic metyvelebs.
eka WiTanava
Tamar amzaSvili am incidentis mizezad skolis direqtoris miSa mindaZis winaaRmdeg pirad angariSsworebas asaxelebs. is varaudobs, rom maswavleblebma, romelTa kandidaturebsac didubis raionis nacionaluri moZraobis wevrebi lobirebdnen, TavianTi partiuli kavSirebi mindaZis gundis dasamarcxeblad gamoiyenes. amzaSvili am incidentis politikur zewolad Sefasebisgan Tavs ikavebs. Tumca is, rom nacionaluri moZraobis warmomadgenlebi maswavleblebs sakuTar ofisSi ibareben da urCeven, skolis sameurveo sabWos arCevnebSi xma vis miscen, sawinaaRmdegoze metyvelebs. Tavad xaTuna SukakiZe partiul garigebebSi monawileobas uaryofs da acxadebs, rom arasdros hqonia kavSiri arc nacionalur da arc romelime sxva politikur moZraobasTan. 161-e skolaSi momxdari SemTxveva skolis saqmeebSi mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenlebis pirdapiri Carevis magaliTia. Tumca, xelisuflebas skolis Sida saqmeebSi Carevis SesaZleblobas zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb arsebuli kanonmdebloba aZlevs. `zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb kanonSi~ 2009 wels Sesuli cvlilebis mixedviT, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba saTaTbiro xmis uflebiT sameurveo sabWoSi Tavis kandidats waradgens, romelic, SesaZlebelia, sabWos Tavmjdomaredac airCes. ganaTlebis saministroSi miiCneven, rom sakanonmdeblo cvlileba skolis TviTmmarTvelobis gaZlierebasa da efeqtur marTvas emsaxureba, sinamdvileSi ki es skolis kontrolis erT-erTi meqanizmia. 161-e skolis garda, sameurveo sabWos arCevnebis dros SemCneul
161-e sajaro skola, Tbilisi 2009
ori kviris win, 161-e sajaro skolis sameurveo sabWos ganmeorebiTi arCevnebis dRes nacionaluri moZraobis ofisSi maswavleblebis masobrivma `dabarebam~ skolaSi aurzauri gamoiwvia. `saRamos nacionaluri moZraobis didubis ofisSi damibares da xaTuna SukakiZis sasargeblod xmis micema mirCies~, _ ambobs erT-erTi maswavlebeli, romelic usafrTxoebis mizniT, vinaobis gamJRavnebas erideba. direqtoris moadgilis, Tamar amzaSvilis TqmiT, arCevnebamde erTi dRiT adre anonimurma pirebma 50-mde pedagogs daurekes da ori maswavleblis _ xaTuna SukakiZisa da lela nergaZis sasargeblod xmis micema sTxoves. skolis sameurveo sabWos ganmeorebiT arCevnebSi kenWs sul sami maswavlebeli iyrida.
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161-e skolaSi momxdari SemTxveva skolis saqmeebSi mmarTveli partiis warmomadgenlebis pirdapiri Carevis magaliTia. Tumca, xelisuflebas skolis Sida saqmeebSi Carevis SesaZleblobas zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb arsebuli kanonmdebloba aZlevs.
amzaSvilis TqmiT, mesame maswavlebels, romlis winaaRmdegac faqtobrivad kampanias awarmoebdnen, daurekes da daemuqrnen.
darRvevebze Tbilisis sxva skolebis direqtorebic saubroben. Tbilisis erT-erTi skolis direqtoris TqmiT, maTTan sameurveo sabWos arCevnebis sadamkvirveblo komisiaSi kenWs ori gareSe piri iyrida, rac kanoniTac gansazRvrulia. Tumca, daZabuloba gamoiwvia iman, rom erTs _ komisiis Tavmjdomareoba, meores mdivnoba hqonda gadawyvetili da am mizniT, cdilobdnen mSoblebze gavlena moexdinaT. `Tumca, Cven ar davuSviT, rom komisiaSi orive kandidati gasuliyo~, _ acxadebs skolis direqtori. misive TqmiT, sameurveo sabWos arCevnebamde ramdenime dRiT adre direqtorebi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis ofisSi daibares da im kandidatebis sia mosTxoves, romelTa vinaobac, wesiT, arCevnebis Sedegad unda garkveuliyo. `saidan unda mcodnoda winaswar, vin gavidoda arCevnebSi? amitom araferic ar warmidgenia~, _ acxadebs direqtori. misi TqmiT, im skolebis di-
reqtorebs, romlebmac arCevnebSi mmarTveli partiisaTvis `sasurveli kandidatebi~ gaiyvanes, premiad 200-200 lari gadasces. maswavleblebis ramenair finansur waxalisebas arc ganaTlebis saministros resurs-centrebi da arc adgilobrivi TviTmmarTveloba ar adastureben. regionebSi jerjerobiT daZabuloba naklebad igrZnoba. maswavleblebis nawili ambobs, rom zewolas 2006 wels sameurveo sabWoebis pirveli arCevnebis dros ufro grZnobdnen. lagodexis raionis mesame sajaro skolis maswavlebeli da Jurnalisti, eka kupataZe ambobs, rom sameurveo sabWoebze samTavrobo gavlenas misi Semadgenloba adasturebs _ skolis sameurveo sabWos wevrebi saolqo saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomare, ivane zurikaSvili da lagodexis raionis gamgeblis meore moadgile, soso tyemalaZe arian. kupataZe momavali arCevnebis
Sesaxeb SarSandeli gamocdilebiT msjelobs: `CvenTan SarSan direqtorebs daavales, minimum 20 xelmowera SeegrovebinaT, imis dasadastureblad, rom xmas nacionalur moZraobas aZlevdnen~. xelisuflebis mier moswavleebis mxardaWeris afiSirebac skolaSi politikuri koniunqturis arsebobaze mianiSnebs. 25 noembers vake-saburTalos raionis policiis Senobis sazeimo gaxsnas Tbilisis mer gigi ugulavasa da Sss ministr vano merabiSvilTan erTad Tbilisis sxvadasxva skolis moswavleebic eswrebodnen. `madloba patruls~! `me minda viyo policieli~! `Cven gvicavs patruli~! _ bavSvebi policiis Senobis win skandirebdnen. oficialurad saarCevno kampania jer arc ki dawyebula. savaraudod, momdevno Tveebis ganmavlobaSi xelisufleba am mimarTulebiT kidev ufro gaaqtiurdeba.
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meriam mosaxleobis gamokiTxva daiwyo
meris anketa
TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebamde ramdenime TviT adre qalaqis meriis saqmianobis Sesafaseblad municipaliteti socialur gamokiTxvebs atarebs.
maia wiklauri
bia CamoTvlili. magaliTad: qalaqis gamwvaneba, sportuli moednebis mSenebloba da saxuravebis SekeTeba. kiTxvarSi aseve CamoTvlilia is RonisZiebebi, romlebic ara qalaqis municipalitetis, aramed nacionaluri mTavrobis mier aris inicirebuli, magaliTad pensiebis gazrda da samedicino dazRveviT uzrunvelyofa, narkomaniasTan brZolis meTodebi da skolebis infrastruqturisa da usafrTxoebis gaumjobeseba. kiTxvarebis darigebis oficialuri mizani qalaqis 2010 wlis biujetSi mosaxleobis mier gansazRvruli prioritetebis gaTvaliswinebaa. rogorc wesi, meriam sakrebulos biujetis saboloo varianti 15 noembramde unda warudginos gansaxilvelad, sakrebulom ki is 31 dekembramde daamtkicos. Tumca wels vadebis darRveva Tavad qalaqis merma iTxova. `kiTxvari TiToeul moqalaqemde miaRwevs. isini SeZleben sakuTari azri daafiqsiron xelisuflebis muSaobis Sesaxeb da mniSvnelovani prioritetebi gansazRvron~, _ am sityvebiT gigi ugulavam axali iniciativa sakrebulos 26 noembers gaacno da ukve dagegmili biujetis ganxilvis 10 dRiT, 6 dekembramde gadadeba moiTxova. mosaxleobis gamokiTxvebi 5 dekembramde grZeldeba. gamodis, rom Tbilisis sakrebulo meriisgan 6 dekembers or dokuments miiRebs _ dagegmil biujets da xalxis gamokiTxviT miRebul Sedegebs. Tumca ucnobia, rogor moaswreben meriaSi kiTxvariT miRebuli monacemebis erT RameSi damuSavebas, roca msgavsi sociologiuri gamokiTxvebis Sedegebis SejamebisTvis daaxloebiT erTi kviraa saWiro. amis Semdeg sakrebulom mosaxleobis mier dasaxelebuli prioriteliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
32 wlis xaTuna kenkebaSvils gamgeobis TanamSromeli saxlSi 30 noembers estumra. Tan orgverdiani kiTxvari miutana, sadac didad ewera, _ `me miyvars Tbilisi~ da ramdenime aTeuli punqti iyo Sesavsebi. xaTuna kiTxvaris Sevsebas daTanxmda: `Tu xalxs realurad mousmenen, Zalian kargia~. Tumca, anketis gacnobis Semdeg darwmunda, rom xelisuflebaSi misi azri ki ara, misi politikuri arCevani ufro ainteresebT: `ra Tqma unda, es yvelaferi mainc politikuri piaris nawilia~. àrCvenebi rom movida da gigi ugulavas rom sWirdeba xmebi, maSin gavaxsendiT. ase xdeba yovelTvis~, _ ambobs naZaladevis raionSi mcxovrebi 57 wlis lamara, romelmac kiTxvaris Sevsebaze uari Tqva. lamaras TqmiT, CamoTvlili punqtebi14
dan mosaxleobisTvis yvelaze aqtualuri rom socialuri sakiTxebia, meriaSi isedac unda icodnen. misi azriT, anketis mTavari kiTxvaa _ rogor SeafasebdiT meriis saqmianobas. msgavsi Sinaarsis kiTxvarebi xSirad gamoiyeneba politikuri partiebis mier winasaarCevnod Zalebis mosasinjad. `politikuri partia kvlevisas miRebul monacemebs politikuri programis transformirebisTvis iyenebs. mopovebuli informacia mas SeuZlia winasaarCevno lozungebis, ritorikis nawilad aqcios~, _ ganmartavs sociologi iago kaWkaWiSvili. anketaSi, romlis kardakar darigeba meriis da gamgeobebis TanamSromlebma 26 noembers daiwyes, qalaqis ganviTarebis mimarTulebe-
ilustracia Tako baqraZe, wignis saxelosno
tebi ukve dasamtkiceblad momzadebul biujetSi unda Seitanos. biujetis meriis mier SemuSavebuli varianti 700 milioni lariT ganisazRvreba. sakrebulos safinanso-sabiujeto komisiis Tavmjdomare Tamaz SoSiaSvili ambobs, rom am proeqtSi gansakuTrebuli araferia. mas magaliTad mohyavs 2007 wlis Semodgoma, roca meriam gamokiTxva-aqcia saxelwodebiT èrTad davgegmoT Tbilisis biujeti~ Caatara. maSin mosaxleoba maTTvis problemur sakiTxebsa da mosazrebebs e.w. `flaerebze~ werda da sxvadasxva ubanSi specialurad dadgmul urnebSi yrida. maSinac gamokiTxva dagegmili arCevnebis wina periods daemTxva. 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebis win es aqcia meriis gegmiur saqmianobad CaiTvala, Tumca saprezidento kandidati mixeil saakaSvili aqtiurad iyo CarTuli municipaluri sabiujeto saxsrebiT dafinansebuli proeqtebis prezentaciebSi. 2008 wlis saprezidento da saparlamento arCevnebis dros xelisuflebis mier administraciuli resursebis aramiznobrivi gamoyeneba, sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan erTad, `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelomac~ aRniSna. organizaciis aRmasrulebeli direqtoris, Tamar qarosaniZis gancxadebiT, axali socialuri proeqtebis dawyeba xSirad emTxveoda winasaarCevno periods _ saprezidento arCevnebis dros gaizarda pensiebi (miuxedavad imisa, rom manamde xelisufleba ambobda, rom pensiebis swrafi zrda ver moxdeboda), aseve gaizarda maswavleblebis xelfasebi. iyo SeSis, gazis, eleqtroenergiis, wamlebis vauCerebi. meriam aRadgina mis mierve gauqmebuli SeRavaTebi veteranebisTvis _ ufaso mgzavroba sazogadoebrivi transportiT. Tamar qarosaniZis ganmartebiT, miuxedavad imisa, risTvis gamoiyenebs am gamokiTxvis Sedegebs merobis savaraudo kandidati gigi ugulava _ sakuTari kampaniis ukeT dasagegmad Tu marTlac biujetSi cvlilebebis Sesatanad, meriis mier Catarebuli gamokiTxvebi kanons ar ewinaaRmdegeba: `pirdapir es ar aris saarCevno kanonmdeblobis darRveva, Tumca
Cvens rekomendaciebSi weria, rom saarCevno kampaniis pirvel dRed unda CaiTvalos is dRe, roca prezidenti gaakeTebs gancxadebas, rodis unda Catardes arCevnebi. aseTi gancxadeba man ukve gaakeTa da arCevnebis dRed 30 maisi daasaxela~. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ es rekomendacia aucileblad CaTvala imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rac moxda 2008 wlis saparlamento da
winasaarCevno kampania saqarTveloSi arCevnebamde 40 dRiT adre iwyeba. Tumca TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Catarebis savaraudo TariRi mixeil saakaSvilma ivlisSi parlamentSi gamosvlisas daasaxela. anu, araoficialurad, kampania ukve ramdenime Tvis dawyebulia. proeqti èrTad davgegmoT Tbilisis 2010 wlis biujeti~ mTlianad qalaqis meriis finansebiT
winasaarCevno kampania saqarTveloSi arCevnebamde 40 dRiT adre iwyeba. Tumca TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Catarebis savaraudo TariRi mixeil saakaSvilma ivlisSi parlamentSi gamosvlisas daasaxela. anu, araoficialurad, kampania ukve ramdenime Tvis dawyebulia.
saprezidento arCevnebis dros. maSin xelisuflebam arCevnebis dRis daniSvna Segnebulad daagviana. TviTon icoda, rodis apirebda arCevnebis daniSvnas da winasaarCevno kampania manamde daiwyo, vidre oficialurad dadgindeboda arCevnebis dRe. ganxorcielda. informacia imis Sesaxeb, Tu ra raodenobis Tanxa daixarja da ramdeni TanamSromeli monawileobda am procesSi, sajaroa, Tumca meriis pressamsaxurma ver moaxerxa statiis dabeWdvamde misi `liberalisTvis~ miwodeba.
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wlis aprilSi, baTumis meriam erTjeradi socialuri programisaTvis 980 adamiani 3 TviT daiqirava da qalaqis biujetidan 600 aTasi lari gamoyo. am programis mizani baTumSi socialurad daucveli ojaxebis gamovlena da Seswavla iyo. Tumca es informacia socialuri saagentos bazaSi ukve inaxeboda. baTumSi 2008 wlis aprilisTvis 8006 socialurad daucveli ojaxi cxovrobda. am ojaxebis mdgomareoba detalurad iyo aRwerili saagentos dokumentaciaSi. socialurad daucveli ojaxebis mdgomareobis Seswavlaze biujetidan weliwadSi 10 milioni lari ixarjeba, saagentos TanamSromlebi TiToeul ojaxSi 12-gverdian detalur kiTxvars avseben. ratom daxarja saparlamento arCevnebamde erTi TviT adre, baTumis meriam naxevar milionze meti lari im informaciaSi, romelic ufasod SeeZlo mieRo? gazeT `baTumelebis~ Jurnalistebma meriis TanamSromlebis mier Sevsebuli erTgverdiani anketa-kiTxvaris 7252 egzemplari Seiswavles. anketebis Sinaarsidan cxadi xdeba, rom meriis TanamSromlebi iseT informacias agrovebdnen, romelic ojaxis socialur mdgomareobas ar exeba. magaliTad: socialuri muSaki r. konceliZe wers: òZelaSvilis quCa, z. a. invalidia. saarCevno yuTi adgilzea misatani~. socmuSaki i. kobalaZe: `maiakovskis quCaze mdgmurad mcxovrebma W. d.-m uari ganacxada arCevnebSi monawileobaze~. socmuSaki miqelaZe: àrCevnebze ver mova, saWiroa Cveni misvla~. kidev ramdenime amonaweri anketebidan: `cxovrobs oCxamurSi, arCevnebze aq ar iqneba~; `kari ar gamiRes, rom gaiges risTvis mivedi~; `n. w.-m gamiRo kari, magram aranairi informacia ar momawoda. miTxra, rom ar sWirdeba aranairi daxmareba~; `b.S. pasporti Cabarebuli aqvs~. Casamatebelia is fragmantebi sadac amboben vis aZleven xmas. anketa-kiTxvarebSi Cans, rom meriis mier daqiravebuli muSakebi gulmodgined agroveben informacias, vin midis arCevnebze da vin _ ara, vis sWirdeba gadasatani yuTis
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2008
administraciuli resursi arCevnebSi
`nacionaluri moZraobis~ gamarjvebis formula

2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebisTvis `nacionalurma moZraobam~ 980 agitatori daiqirava. Tumca, am proeqtis xarjebi _ 600000 lari, saxelisuflebo partiis nacvlad, baTumis meriam dafara.
naTia zoiZe, gazeTi `baTumelebi~
binaze mitana da vis aZleven isini arCevnebSi xmas. anketebSi miTiTebulia SemTxvevebic, roca respondentebi maTi piradi problemis mogvarebas, ZiriTadad, patimrebis gaTavisuflebas iTxoven (am adamianebis misamarTebsa da saxel-gvarebs, konfidencialurebidan gamomdinare, srulad ar vuTiTebT. avt.). `qaTamaZis quCa. cxovrobs 2 studenti, romlebis mama aris patimari. gTxovT, gagviwioT daxmareba~; `mog-
`mogmarTavT TxovniT, myavs siZe, romelic imyofeba patimrobaSi. Zalian gTxovT, Seumcirdes sasjeli. es aris Cveni erTaderTi Txovna da gasaWiri. Cveni ojaxi mudam idga prezidentis gverdiT~ _ weria anketaSi.
marTavT TxovniT, var qvrivi qali, myavs Svili da siZe, romelic dResdReobiT imyofeba patimrobaSi. aqvs sasjelis umaRlesi zoma _ 9 weli. Zalian gTxovT, Seumcirdes sasjeli. es aris Cveni erTaderTi Txovna da gasaWiri. Cveni ojaxi mudam idga prezidentis gverdiT da sul mis gverdiT idgeba;~ _ es werilic programis farglebSi Catarebul erT-erT anketa-kiTxvars erTvis. werilis avtoris mier Sevsebul anketaze miwerilia telefonis nomeri da miTiTebulia, rom `xmas #30 saarCevno ubanze aZlevs~. anketas xels socialuri agenti T. xaxutaiSvili awers. kiTxvarSi, romelic socmuSaki z. karanaZis meTvalyureobiT aris Sevsebuli, weria, rom maiakovskis quCaze mcxovrebi moqalaqe e.f. sawarmoo travmisgan miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebas da samuSaoze aRdgenas iTxovs. `baTumelebTan~ saubarSi e.f.-m ver gaixsena meriis warmomadgenlebTan Sexvedra, is dRemde fiqrobs, rom winasaarCevnod masTan `nacionaluri moZraobis~ warmomadgenlebi mividnen: `Cemi problemis gacnobis Semdeg stalinis quCaze, `nacmoZraobis~ ofisSi misvla SemomTavazes~, _ ambobs e.f. is ixsenebs, rom Suamdgomlobis sanacvlod, mas xma `nacionalebisTvis~ unda mieca. Tumca samsaxurSi aRdgenis Taobaze arCevnebis Semdeg mas aRaravin Sexmianebia. winasaarCevnod daqiravebuli socialuri muSakebis umravlesobac iribad adasturebs, rom `nacionaluri moZraobis~ dakveTas asrulebdnen. `xelfasis nawili bankSi Camericxa, 450 lari ki `nacmoZraobis~ StabSi miviRe da uwyiszec xeli iq movawere~, _ ambobs erT-erTi yofili socmuSaki da ganmartavs, rom, am Tanxis sanacvlod, mas evaleboda agitacia im korpusSi, sadac Tavad cxovrobs. socmuSakebma maTi vinaobis inkognitod datoveba kategoriulad moiTxoves. maTi saxelebi da gvarebi, aseve pasportis nomrebi meriaSi gaformebul xelSekrulebebs emTxveva. xelSekrulebebSi socmuSakebis valdebulebebi dakonkretebuli ar aris. ar aris gansazRvruli, ramdeni respondenti unda gamokiTxos TiToeulma. koordinatorebis samuSao areali maTi sacxovrebeli adliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
gilis misamarTebis mixedviTaa gansazRvruli. SemTxveviTi SerCevis principiT `baTumelebi~ telefoniT daukavSirda erT-erT socmuSaks. i.W-m daadastura, rom igi `nacmoZraobis~ wevria da agitacias eweoda gamsaxurdiasa da farnavaz mefis quCis nawilze. is ambobs, rom gamokiTxvis paralelurad, arigebda `nacionaluri moZraobis~ flaerebs, Segrovebuli informacia ki partiis saarCevno StabSi mihqonda. `garda anketisa, gvqonda kidev erTi damatebiTi furceli, sadac vwerdiT, Tu vis aZlevda xmas amomrCeveli, ra problemis mogvareba surda imis sanacvlod, rom mxari `nacionaluri moZraobisTvis~ daeWira~, _ ixsenebs socmuSaki k.b. partiis mier cesko-Si wardgenili saboloo angariSis mixedviT, `nacionalur moZraobas~ baTumSi maisis saparlamento arCevnebze sul 38 307 lari aqvs daxarjuli. aqedan 10 318 lari _ farTobebis ijaraSi, 15 000 lari _ sareklamo momsaxurebisTvis (aWaris televizia), xolo 12 039 lari satransporto momsaxurebisTvis (Sps `baTumis avtotransportisTvis~) aqvs gadaxdili. `nacionalur moZraobas~ baTumSi amomrCevlis winasaarCevno gamokiTxvebisa Tu kvlevebisTvis koordinatorebi ar dauqiravebia. iuristebis ganmartebiT, baTumis meriis mier politikuri muSakebis daqiraveba administraciuli resursis borotad gamoyenebis magaliTia: `nacionaluri moZraobis~ 980 agitatorma, igive meriis TanamSromlebma, samsaxurebrivi movaleobis ganxorcielebisas mravlobiTi funqcia Seasrules _ Caatares potenciur amomrCevelTa aRwera, mmarTvel partias warudgines rigiTi amomrCevlis ganwyobebi da problemaTa nusxa, romelTa mogvarebac aucilebeli iyo saWiro raodenobis xmaTa misaRebad. es calsaxad upirates mdgomareobaSi ayenebs mmarTvel partias, romelsac xeli miuwvdeba ara mxolod administraciul resursze (administraciuli organoebis Senobebi, samsaxurebrivi manqanebi, kompiuterebi, komunikaciis saSualebebi), aramed pirdapir sabiujeto saxsrebzec~, _ ambobs axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis prezidenti Tamar xidaSeli. winasaarCevnod meriis mier dafinansebuli programis oficialuri mi-
zani socialurad daucveli ojaxebis gamovlena iyo, Tumca anketuri gamokiTxvis cxragverdian analizSi pasuxi kiTxvaze _ ramdeni socialurad daucveli ojaxia baTumSi _ ar aris. `socmuSakebma daarRvies xelSekrulebis pirobebic: anu nacvlad imisa, rom gamoevlinaT q. baTumSi socialurad daucveli ojaxebi, maT aRricxes moaxloebuli saparlamento arCevnebisadmi am ojaxebis damokidebuleba, maTi monawileobis xarisxi da saarCevno pozicia. vfiqrob, qalaqis merma Caidina saq. ssk 182-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSauli _ man sabiujeto Tanxebis aramiznobrivi xarjvis gziT gaflanga q. baTumis sakrebulos mier damtkicebuli baTumis biujetis Tanxebi~, _ acxadebs iuristi ramin papiZe. baTumis meriis safinanso ekonomikuri samsaxuris ufrosis jemal ananiZis gancxadebiT, Tanxa am programis dasafinanseblad biujetis ekonomiis xarjze gamoTavisuflda. misi TqmiT, 2008 wlis aprilSi, mdinare barcxanis xidis mSenebloba da mTisZiris quCis saniaRvre arxis kapitaluri remonti gadaido. biujetSi xidis mSeneblobisTvis 2,5 milioni, arxisTvis ki 600 aTasi lari iyo gaTvaliswinebuli.
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cvlilebebi saarCevno kodeqsSi
Sewyvetili TanamSromloba
saarCevno kodeqsis daxvewaze momuSave jgufma arseboba moulodnelad Sewyvita. axla kanonmdeblobaSi cvlilebebis Setana kvlav eqskluziurad `nacionaluri moZraobis~ xelSia.
eka siraZe-delone, `samarTliani arCevnebis~ aRmasrulebeli direqtori
mxardaWera daimsaxura rogorc saerTaSoriso aseve adgilobrivi sadamkvirveblo organizaciebis mxridan. am procesSi monawile saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebis mTavari mizani iyo saqarTvelos politikur da saarCevno realobaSi iseTi formatis Seqmna, romelic yvela saparlamento da arasaparlamento opoziciur politikur partias miscemda monawileobis, azris gamoTqmisa da sakuTari iniciativis gamoxatvis saSualebas. jgufSi msjeloba saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivi eqsperti organizaciebis Tvalwin imarTeboda, rac procesis met gamWvirvalobas uzrunvelyofda. diskusiaSi monawile TiToeul partias hqonda imis SesaZlebloba, rom daebloka misTvis arasasurveli saarCevno iniciativa. sakiTxi miRebulad mxolod maSin CaiTvleboda, Tu mas kenWisyraze yvela politikuri partiis warmomadgeneli dauWerda mxars an Tavs Seikavebda. muSaobis aseTi formati ar gamoricxavda kuluarul molaparakebebsa da garigebebs, Tumca, amave dros, yvela mxaris informirebulobis donesac zrdida. swored aseTi kargi sawyisi pirobebis gamo, jgufs SeeZlo efeqturi muSaobis Sedegad bevr sadavo sakiTxze SeTanxmebuliyo, Tumca politikurma subieqtebma es Sansi kargad ver gamoiyenes. 9-Tviani muSaobis Semdeg SeTanxmebul sakiTxTagan yvelaze mniSvnelovania gasaCivrebis vadis gazrda 1 dRidan 2 dRemde. 18 noembers jgufis muSaobis moulodnelad Sewyvetis Semdeg
saarCevno kodeqsis reformaze momuSave jgufis Sexvedra NDI-Si, Tbilisi, noemberi 2009
2008 wlis riggareSe saprezidento, saparlamento da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis umaRlesi sabWos arCevnebis monitoringma aCvena, rom saarCevno procesebTan dakavSirebuli xarvezebis mniSvnelovan nawils saarCevno kodeqsis arasrulyofileba ganapirobebda. xelisufleba iZulebuli iyo, reagireba moexdina im angariSebze da daskvnebze, romlebic saerTaSoriso da adgilobrivma sadamkvirveblo organizaciebma moamzades. Sesabamisad, 2009 wels Seiqmna jgufi, romelSic monawileobis SesaZlebloba miecaT rogorc saparlamento, ise arasaparlamento opoziciur partiebs, da romelic erToblivad, SeTanxmebulad moamzadebda cvlilebebs saarCevno
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gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, advili misaxvedria, rom saqarTvelos parlamenti, sadac `nacionaluri moZraoba~ sakonstitucio umravlesobas flobs, daamtkicebs cvlilebebis pakets im formiT, ra formiTac igi prezidentma waradgina.
kodeqsSi. es gaxldaT politikuri gadawyvetileba, ramac didi
gacilebiT meti kiTxva gaCnda, vidre manamde arsebobda. axla mniSvnelovania gairkves, romeli politikuri Zalebi miiReben realurad monawileobas kodeqsSi cvlilebebis Setanis procesSi da ra bedi eweva rekomendaciebsa da SeTanxmebebs, romlebic saarCevno jgufis muSaobis procesSi ganixileboda. 2009 wlis 26 noembers saqarTvelos prezidentma xeli moawera sakanonmdeblo iniciativas, romelic saarCevno kodeqsSi cvlilebebis Setanas iTvaliswinebs. ZiriTadi nawili identuria im paketisa, romelic erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam saarCevno kodeqsze momuSave jgufSi kenWisyraze daayena da romelic Cavarda (samma politikurma partiam mas mxari ar dauWira). miuxedavad imisa, rom prezidentis mier xelmoweril sakanonmdeblo iniciativasTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos parlamentma unda imsjelos da imis Teoriuli albaToba arsebobs, rom masSi SesaZlebelia Sevides mniSvnelovani cvlilebebi, gamocdilebidan gamomdinare, advili misaxvedria, rom saqarTvelos parlamenti, sadac `nacionaluri moZraoba~ sakonstitucio umravlesobas flobs, daamtkicebs cvlilebebis pakets im formiT, ra formiTac igi prezidentma waradgina. kerZod: cvlilebebis proeqtis mixedviT, Tbilisis sakrebulo Sedgeba 50 wevrisagan. aqedan 25 wevri airCeva erTmandatiani saarCevno olqidan. maJoritarul olqebSi gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba is maJoritari, romelic mosuli amomrCevlis saerTo raodenobidan met xmas miiRebs. sakrebulos 25 wevri airCeva proporciuli wesiT, mandatebi gadanawildeba im saarCevno subieqtebze, romlebic 4%-ian bariers gadalaxaven. Tbilisis meri airCeva pirdapiri wesiT, gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba kandidati, romelic moagrovebs sxvebze met xmas, magram aranakleb 30%-isa. Tu 30% ver moagrova verc erTma kandidatma, Catardeba Tbilisis meris arCevnebis meore turi, romelSic monawileobas miiRebs 2 saukeTeso Sedegis mqone
kandidati, xolo gamarjvebulad CaiTvleba is kandidati, romelic met xmas daagrovebs. proeqtis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos prezidenti arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan konsultaciis Sedegad Tavmjdomaris 3 kandidaturas warudgens cesko-s. Tavmjdomaris arCevis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebas iReben mxolod cesko-s opoziciuri partiebis wevrebi, gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi monawileobas ar iRebs èrTiani nacionaluri moZraobis~ warmomadgeneli. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu cesko-s partiuli wevrebi ver SeTanxmdebian Tavmjdomaris erT kandidatze, saqarTvelos prezidenti imave kandidaturebs warudgens saqarTvelos parlaments dasamtkiceblad. kanonproeqtSi araferia naTqvami saolqo da saubno saarCevno komisiebis TavmjdomareTa arCevaze. kanonproeqtis mixedviT, saarCevno ubnebSi mxolod komisiebis mdivnebi airCevian partiebis mier wardgenil wevrTagan. ar arsebobs dasabuTebuli argumenti, Tu ratom ar SeiZleba, rom opoziciur politikuri partiebis warmomadgenlebi iyvnen ara mxolod saubno saarCevno komisiebis mdivnebi, aramed Tavmjdomareebi an maTi moadgileebi. mxolod cesko-s Tavmjdomaris SecvliT dRis wesrigidan ar moixsneba saarCevno procesebTan dakavSirebuli kiTxvebi. mniSvnelovani sakiTxia mTlianad saarCevno administraciis dakompleqteba yvela doneze da, Sesabamisad, mxolod cesko-s Tavmjdomaris arCevis wesis Secvla ar SeiZleba miviCnioT wingadadgmul nabijad. Zneli saTqmelia, ramdenad gaaumjobesebs CamoTvlili cvlilebebi saarCevno procesebs. TavisTavad, progresuli nabijia saqarTvelos dedaqalaqis meris pirdapiri wesiT arCeva, Tumca vTvli, rom amasTan erTad Tbilisis mers aucileblad unda hqondes dedaqalaqis amomrCevlisgan miRebuli rac SeiZleba Zlieri mandati. es gulisxmobs bevr xmas da, Sesabamisad, maRali barieris dawesebas. is, Tu konkretulad ramdeni unda iyos meris saarCevno
barieri, politikuri SeTanxmebis sagania. amasTan, sainteresoa, ra principiT gadanawildeba 25 erTmandatian maJoritarul olqad Tbilisis arsebuli 10 saarCevno olqi. veneciis komisiis rekomendacia calsaxad aRniSnavs, rom Tu moxdeba arCevnebamde saarCevno sistemis Secvla, sasurvelia es arCevnebamde 1 wliT adre ganxorcieldes, raTa droulad moxdes amomrCevelTa informireba da arCevnebis dRes ar gamoiwvios qaosi da amomrCevelTa dabneuloba. aseve, Zalian mniSvnelovania, romeli saarCevno sistema iqneba gamoyenebuli mandatebis gadanawilebisas (anu is, Tu rogor gadanawildeba mandatebi proporciuli wesiT), radganac amJamad moqmedi wesi ar Seesabameba saerTaSoriso standartebiT aRiarebul normebs. am sakiTxTan dakaSirebiT ki saarCevno kodeqsze momuSave jgufs ar umsjelia. prezidentis mier SemoTavazebul sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebSi araa asaxuli is sakiTxebi, romlebic aseve ukiduresad mniSvnelovania saarCevno garemosa da saarCevno procesebisadmi amomrCevelTa ndobis asamaRleblad. magaliTad, araferia naTqvami iseT sakiTxebze, rogoricaa: winasaarCevno kampaniis warmoeba da administraciuli resursebis gamoyeneba, media xelmisawvdomoba, dabalansebuli media gaSuqeba da media monitoringi, saarCevno ubnebze videokamerebis masalis xelmisawvdomoba, saarCevno administraciis mier saCivrebis ganxilvis valdebuleba, da a.S. Tumca Tavisufali da samarTliani arCevnebi mxolod kargi kanonmdeblobiT ar miiRweva. mniSvnelovania isic, Tu rogor moxdeba kanonis aRsruleba, rogorc xelisuflebis, ise saarCevno administraciis mier. imisaTvis, rom Catardes arCevnebi, romelic srulad Seesabameba demokratiul standartebs, aucilebelia saarCevno administraciam sazogadoebis mier masze dakisrebuli movaleobebi gamWvirvaled, miukerZoeblad, obieqturad da profesionalurad Seasrulos.
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Tvalsazrisi
Tbilisis meris arCevnebSi 50%-iani barieri aucilebelia

bolo aTwleulis manZilze saqarTvelom bevr rameSi waiwia win, Tumca arCevnebi misTvis kvlav sirTules warmoadgens.
mark maleni, erovnuli demokratiis institutis saqarTvelos ofisis yofili direqtori sami welia, saqarTvelos gareT vcxovrob da demokratiul procesSi uSualod aRar vmonawileob, magram axla iseTi mniSvnelovani ram xdeba, rom gadavwyvite, Cemi piradi azri gagiziaroT. vgulisxmob Tbilisis meris arCevnebs. 50%-iani barieris daweseba aucilebelia. maT, vinc amas ewinaaRmdegeba, SiSi amoZravebT. es maT sust poziciaze metyvelebs. xelisuflebas da zog partias surs, 30%-iani barieri erTgvar kompromisad warmoaCinos, sinamdvileSi ki 30% am SemTxvevaSi 0%-is tolfasia, vinaidan xelisufleba darwmunebulia 30%-iani barieris gadalaxvaSi. gamoiTqva azri, TiTqos meroba arapolitikuri Tanamdebobaa, magram gana SeiZleba arapolitikuri iyos istoriaSi pirvelad Tbilisis meris pirdapiri gziT arCeva! kidev erTi argumenti isaa, rom Tu meore turSi ufro naklebi amomrCeveli miscems xmas, maSin mers amomrCevlebis naxevarze naklebi airCevs. mniSvnelovania im adamianebis ndoba, visac seriozulad adardebs arCevnebis Sedegebi. aseTi amomrCevlebi ki yovelTvis aZleven xmas. Tu qarTvel amomrCevlebs miscemen meore turis Sanss, savaraudod, isini dainteresebulebi iqnebian, rom meore turSic miiRon monawileoba. Zalian samwuxaroa, rom es diskusia arCevnebis TariRamde cota xniT adre imarTeba. amis gamo, aris tendencia, rom TiToeul mxares aqvs argumentebi, rac uzrunvelyofs misi kandidatis gamarjvebas, an im garemos, sadac wagebis naklebi albaToba iqneba. es samwuxaroa, da gacilebiT ukeTesi iqneboda, saubari maSin gamarTuliyo, roca politikuri speqtri jer ar iyo aseTi dakonkretebuli. axla am diskusias piradi interesebis Semotevebi asazrdoebs, da ara is, Tu ra iqnebo20
da saqarTvelosaTvis ukeTesi. magram visi bralia es, da vin igebs amiT? saqarTveloSi Zalaufleba rom Zalian centralizebulia, amaze aravin davobs. zogadad, meris pirdapiri da samarTliani arCevnebi decentralizaciis saukeTeso gzaa, xolo 50%-iani barieri ki imis garantiaa, rom xalxs legitimuri, damoukidebeli liderebi eyoleba. sami mgeli da erTi cxvari kenWs imas Tu uyris, vin SeWamon sadilad, amas demokratias ver uwodeb.
saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba amaze xmamaRla arafers ityvis, vinaidan gadawyvetileba qarTvelma xalxma Tavad unda miiRos. magram garwmunebT, rom vaSingtonSi, briuselSi, londonSi, berlinSi Tu sxvagan yuradRebiT adevneben Tvals am process, rogorc demokratiis sazoms. Tu 50%-ian barierze SeTanxmeba ar moxda, saqarTvelos demokratiis parametrebi sagrZnoblad daiwevs. arada, qveyanas swored axla sWirdeba Zlieri saerTaSoriso mxardaWera.
gacilebiT ukeTesi iqneboda, saubari maSin gamarTuliyo, roca politikuri speqtri jer ar iyo aseTi dakonkretebuli. axla am diskusias piradi interesebis Semotevebi asazrdoebs, da ara is, Tu ra iqneboda saqarTvelosaTvis ukeTesi.
bolo aTwleulis manZilze saqarTvelom bevr rameSi waiwia win, Tumca arCevnebi misTvis kvlav sirTules warmoadgens. misasalmebelia is, rom saarCevno kanonze momuSave jgufi bevr rameze SeTanxmda, magram aris sakiTxebi, romlebzec kompromisi dauSvebelia. imaze SeTanxmeba, samarTlianad Catardeba arCevnebi Tu usamarTlod, kompromisi ki ara, uzneobaa. saarCevno barieri ubralo teqnikuri sakiTxi ar gaxlavT. masze saqarTvelos momavali da reputaciaa damokidebuli.
Tvalsazrisi
50%-iani barieris winaaRmdeg

markis gamosvla ufro isteriulia, vidre argumentirebuli. 50%-ian an nebismier sxva bariers demokratiasTan aranairi kavSiri ar aqvs, ufro piriqiT.
levan ramiSvili, `Tavisuflebis institutis~ gamgeobis Tavmjdomare amaSi dasarwmuneblad sakmarisia Freedom House-is reitingis mixedviT Tavisufali qveynebis praqtika vnaxoT. martiv pluralitur sistemas iyenebs _ 35, proporciuls _ 39, xolo orturian maJorituls _ mxolod 7 qveyana. Tuki damkvidrebuli demokratiebis praqtikas vnaxavT, anu iseTi qveynebis, romlebsac ukanaskneli 20 wlis uwyveti demokratiuli tradicia aqvT, da aranakleb 250 aTasi moqalaqe hyavT, aq 11 qveyana iyenebs martiv pluralitur sistemas, proporciuls _ 15, xolo orturian maJorituls _ mxolod 1 qveyana. gavrcelebis TvalsazrisiT, orturiani sistema mesamea pluralituri (70 qveyana) da partiuli siis proporciuli sistemebis (67 qveyana) Semdeg. am sistemiT sul 31 qveyana sargeblobs. orraundiani sistema, garda imisa, rom ufro Zviria da administrirebis TvalsazrisiT ufro rTuli, sxva ufro seriozul problemebTan aris dakavSirebuli. rogorc wesi, meore turisas amomrCevelTa aqtivoba mniSvnelovnad klebulobs xolme, ase rom, 50 %-iani barieris meSveobiT gamarjvebuli kandidatis legitimurobis gazrda Zalian sakamaToa _ SesaZloa 1-l turSi 1-l an Tundac me-2 adgilze gasul kandidats bevrad meti xma hqondes miRebuli, vidre me-2 turSi gamarjvebuls. xmebis gaxleCa, rac xSiria orturian sistemaSi, koaliciebis mSeneblobis sawinaaRmdegod mimarTuli stimulia. SegviZlia, gavixsenoT safrangeTSi 2002 wels gamarTuli saprezidento arCevnebi, sadac 8 memarcxene partiis kandidati monawileobda. Sedegad, verc erTi memarcxene ver moxvda me-2 turSi. samagierod, meore turSi gavida faSisti le peni. kvlevebi cxadyofs,
rom safrangeTSi orturiani sistema yvelaze disproporciul Sedegebs iZleva dasavlur demokratiaTa Soris amomrCevlis mier micemuli xmebisa da partiebis mier miRebuli mandatebis TvalsazrisiT. rac Seexeba opoziciuri partiebis poziciebs, maTi axsna yovelgvari konspirologiis gareSec SeiZleba. ra SesTavaza danarCen opozicias alasaniam? realurad _ araferi. saerTo kandidatze molaparakebebis dawyebis Semdeg man sakuTari Tavi sxvebTan SeuTanxmeblad daasaxela merobis, subari ki _ sakrebulos Tavmjdomareobis kandidatad. Sesabamisad, orturiani sistemis SemoRebiT dainteresebulia mxolod alasania, romelsac danarCeni opoziciisTvis raimes daTmobis gareSe unda, gaxdes erTiani kandidati. raki molaparakebebiT amas ver miaRwia, danarCeni opozicionerebis CamoSorebas sakuTar Tavze morge-
speqtris udidesi nawili TamaSgare mdgomareobaSi rCeboda. am partiebisaTvis sasicocxlo mniSvneloba hqonda adgilobriv arCevnebze proporciuli siis arsebobas. `nacionalurma moZraobam~ maTi es interesi gaiTvaliswina da sanacvlod miiRo maTi Tanxmoba meris arCevis wesis da barieris sakiTxSi. danarCeni opoziciisaTvis es sasicocxlo mniSvnelobis ar iyo, radgan maT isedac ar hqondaT merad sakuTari kandidatis gayvanis Sansi. Tanac, alasanias warmateba danarCeni opoziciis warumateblobaa. isini erT moedanaze, erTi eleqtoratisaTvis ebrZvian erTmaneTs da ara _ `nacionalur moZraobas~. adgilobriv arCevnebTan dakavSirebiT miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi didi politikuri TamaSisgan izolirebulad ar unda ganvixiloT. moTamaSeebi am arCevnebs erTgvar repeticiad miiCneven. Semdeg sapar-
orturiani sistemis SemoRebiT dainteresebulia mxolod alasania, romelsac danarCeni opoziciisTvis raimes daTmobis gareSe unda, gaxdes erTiani kandidati.
buli saarCevno sistemiT cdilobs. danarCen opozicias ki sul sxva interesebi aqvs. risi imedi SeiZleba hqonodaT maT martivi pluralituli sistemiT arCeul 25-kacian sakrebuloSi? wina saparlamento arCevnebis Sedegebis safuZvelze modelirebas Tu gavakeTebT (10-dan 8 olqi `nacmoZraobis~ kandidatebma moiges), `nacionaluri moZraoba~ minimum 20 olqs moigebda, danarCeni 5 olqi ki opoziciuri flangis yvelaze Zlier partiebs da blokebs SexvdebodaT. anu, alasanias wesebiT TamaSis SemTxvevaSi, opoziciuri lamento da saprezidento arCevnebze finansuri Tu eleqtoraluri mxardaWeris gadanawileba calkeul opoziciur Zalebs Soris swored am arCevnebis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT moxdeba. Tu erTma romelime Zalam mniSvnelovnad meti xma miiRo, vidre sxvebma, maSin am sxvebs gauWirdebaT potenciuri donorebis, mediis da amomrCevlebis darwmuneba, rom maT mxardaWeras raime azri aqvs. Sesabamisad, adgilobriv arCevnebze cudi rezultati maTTvis kidev ufro mZime Sedegs moitans 2012 da 2013 wlebSi.
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axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciis rekomendaciebi
is, rac aucilebelia saarCevno garemos Sesacvlelad

nino lomjaria
saqarTveloSi mimdinare arCevnebis procesis monitoringis Sedegad axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciisTvis cxadi gaxda, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi darRvevebi gamowveuli iyo ara mxolod konkretuli samarTaldarRvevebiT, aramed sakanonmdeblo xarvezebiT, aseve sasamarTlosa da saarCevno administraciis mier saarCevno normebis araswori, viwro interpretaciiT. ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi gamarTul arCevnebze arsebuli darRvevebis aRmofxvrisa da saarCevno garemos gaumjobesebis mizniT, saiam rigi rekomendaciebi SeimuSava. es masala saarCevno kodeqsis reformaze momuSave saparlamento jgufsac waredgina. rekomendaciebis nawili, romelic yvelaze gavrcelebuli problemebis mixedviT dajgufda, ase gamoiyureba: mier-ministri da saqarTvelos mTavrobis sxva wevrebi, ministris moadgile, parlamentis wevri, sakrebulos wevri, gamgebeli, meri _ sruli Tavisufleba aqvT winasaarCevno kampaniaSi monawileobis TvalsazrisiT. rekomendacia: Cveni azriT, kanonma naTlad unda gansazRvros, rom sajaro moxeleebs ekrZalebaT winasaarCevno kampaniaSi monawileoba samuSao drois farglebSi, garda im SemTxvevisa, rodesac isini, kampaniaSi monawileobis mizniT, isargebleben kuTvnili SvebulebiT. unda gaimijnon warmomadgenlobiTi da aRmasrulebeli organoebis politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebi, romelTagan warmomadgenlobiTi organos politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebi (parlamentarebi, sakrebulos wevrebi) isargebleben kampaniaSi SeuzRudavi monawileobis uflebiT, xolo aRmasrulebeli organos politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebi (prezidenti, ministrebi, ministris moadgileebi, gamgeblebi da a.S.) kampaniaSi monawileobis uflebiT gauTanabrdebian rigiT sajaro moxeleebs. aRniSnuli rekomendacia efuZneba im garemoebas, rom ministrebs, maT moadgileebs, gamgeblebs eqvemdebarebaT saxelmwifo aparatebi, Sesabamisad, maTi gavlena iq dasaqmebul sajaro mosamsaxureebze gacilebiT didia, vidre, vTqvaT, parlamentis wevrebisa, romlebic swored politikur partiebs warmoadgenen da ara saxelmwifo aparats.
saxelmwifo moxeleebis, politikuri Tanamdebobis pirebis SeuzRudavi monawileoba winasaarCevno kampaniaSi problemis arsi: sajaro moxeleebis monawileoba winasaarCevno kampaniaSi, gasul saprezidento da saparlamento arCevnebze erT-erTi yvelaze problemuri sakiTxi iyo. dRevandeli kanonmdeblobiT darRvevad da, Sesabamisad, àdministraciuli resursis gamoyenebad~ ar iTvleba sajaro moxelis mier agitaciaSi monawileoba samuSao dros; kerZod, rodesac igi unda asrulebdes samsaxurebriv funqciebs da rodesac mas am periodisaTvis anazRaureba eZleva saxelmwifo biujetidan sajaro funqciis Sesasruleblad. rac SeexebaT politikur Tanamdebobis pirebs, magaliTad iseTebs, rogorebic arian _ prezidenti, pre22
administraciuli resursis gamoyeneba winasaarCevno agitaciis mizniT saxelmwifos kuTvnilebaSi myofi resursebiT sargeblobis problemis arsi: arsebuli saarCevno kanonmde-
blobis Tanaxmad, arCevnebSi monawile yvela kandidats SesaZlebloba aqvs, isargeblos saxelmwifos kuTvnilebaSi arsebuli SenobebiT, sakomunikacio saSualebebiT, sainformacio momsaxurebisa da sxvadasxva saxis teqnikiT, satransporto saSualebebiT, im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki arCevnebSi monawile yvela sxva danarCen kandidats Tanabrad miuwvdeba xeli aRniSnul administraciul resursebze; saias mier ganxorcielebulma monitoringma cxadyo aRniSnuli normis araefeqturoba, kerZod, gamovlinda faqtebi, rodesac mmarTvel partias miuwvdeboda xeli im administraciul resursze, rac opoziciuri partiebisTvis miuwvdomeli iyo. magaliTad, 2008 wlis saparlamento arCevnebis dros respublikur partias uari eTqva Tbilisis somxuri Teatris mxridan darbazis gamoyofaze, im motiviT, rom `... Tbilisis somxuri Teatri emsaxureba mxolod xelovnebas da ar surs, raime Sexeba hqondes politikasTan~. Tumca, mogvianebiT aRniSnuli darbazi araerTxel daeTmoT nacionaluri moZraobis kandidatebs giorgi goguaZes, rusudan kervaliSvils da sxva warmomadgenlebs; aseve, saqarTvelos parlamentis aparatis ufrosis mxridan administraciuli resursis gamoyenebaze uari eTqva bloks `tradicionalistebi _ Cveni saqarTvelo da qalTa partia~. rekomendacia: imis gamo, rom dRes arsebuli kanonmdebloba ver uzrunvelyofs politikuri partiebisTvis administraciuli resursebiT Tanabrad sargeblobis uflebas, migvaCnia, rom zemoT CamoTvlili resursebiT sargebloba yvela saarCevno subieqtisTvis unda aikrZalos. SesaZlebelia gamonaklisi dawesdes saxelmwifo kuTvnilebaSi arsebuli Senoba-nagebobebiT sargeblobisas, oRond im pirobiT, Tuki saarCevno kampaniis Casatareblad ar moipoveba sxva Sesaferisi Senoba-nageboba; mmarTveli partiis kandidatebis upiratesi mdgomareobis problemis arsi: winasaarCevno kampaniis ganmavlobaSi saiam gamoavlina aTobiT SemTxveva, rodesac sxvadasxva saxelmwifo Tu adgilobrivi biujeliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
tiT ganxorcielebuli samuSaos prezentaciisas mmarTveli partiis kandidatebi sajaro moxeleebTan erTad imyofebodnen. aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom aRniSnuli RonisZiebebi Suqdeboda centraluri Tu adgilobrivi mediasaSualebebis mier da Sesabamisad, deputatobis kandidatebi mosaxleobis mxridan aRiqmebodnen rogorc ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis iniciatorebi, an xelisSemwyobni, rac Tavisi arsiT warmoadgens administraciuli resursis ukanonod gamoyenebas konkretuli partiis kandidatis sasargeblod. rekomendacia: a. saarCevno kodeqsma gaiTvaliswinos debuleba, riTac saarCevno subieqts/subieqtobis kandidats aekrZaleba saxelmwifo saxsrebiT dafinansebul RonisZiebebSi/prezentaciebSi monawileoba; b. Tavis mxriv, Tanamdebobis pirebs/sajaro moxeleebs aekrZaloT saxelmwifo dafinansebiT ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebis prezentacia saarCevno subieqtebis TanxlebiT.
gens kanoniT akrZalul saqmianobas. rekomendacia: migvaCnia, rom kanoniT unda aikrZalos saqarTvelos moqalaqeebisTvis fuladi saxsrebis, saCuqrebisa da sxva materialur faseulobaTa gadacema, momsaxurebis gaweva, miuxedavad maTi Rirebulebisa, radgan aseTi faqtebi ukanono gavlenas axdens moqalaqeTa nebis Camoyalibebaze.
pasuxismgeblobis zomebis daweseba saarCevno samarTaldarRvevis Camdeni pirebis mimarT problemis arsi: saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsi garkveul SemTxvevebSi adgens, rom saarCevno samarTaldarRvevis CadenisTvis damrRvevs `saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli pasuxismgebloba~ daekisreba. miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba ar icnobs aRniSnuli tipis darRvevasTan dakavSirebiT Sesabamisi pasuxismgeblobis zomebs, rac gamoricxavs samarTaldamrRvevi piris nebismieri saxis pasuxismgeblobas Cadenili samarTaldarRvevis gamo. rekomendacia: saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba unda iTvaliswinebdes saarCevno administraciis moxeleTa an sxva pirTa mxridan Cadenili samarTaldarRvevebisaTvis administraciul, Tu sisxlis samarTlebriv pasuxismgeblobas. am rekomendaciebidan aRsaniSnavia damkvirveblebisa da ubanze yofnis uflebis mqone pirebis mimarT ganxorcielebuli Zaladobis, Semajamebeli oqmebis gaucemlobis da biuletenebis saarCevno yuTSi ukanonod Cayris faqtebis kriminalizacia, vinaidan aRniSnuli qmedebebi warmoadgenen gamWvirvale da samarTliani arCevnebis uzrunvelyofis erT-erT yvelaze mniSvnelovan safrTxes.
amomrCevlis mosyidva problemis arsi: saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsiT akrZalulia saarCevno subieqtebis da maTi warmomadgenlebis mier piradad an vinmes meSveobiT saqarTvelos moqalaqeebisTvis fuladi saxsrebis, saCuqrebisa da sxva materialur faseulobaTa gadacema, SeRavaTian fasad saqonlis miyidva, ufasod nebismieri saqonlis miwodeba an gavrceleba (garda saagitacio masalisa), agreTve, saqarTvelos moqalaqeebis daintereseba fuladi saxsrebis, fasiani qaRaldebisa da sxva materialur faseulobaTa gadacemis dapirebiT. aRniSnul muxlze dayrdnobiT, saiam gaasaCivra araerTi faqti, registrirebuli subieqtebis mier moqalaqeTaTvis fasiani saCuqrebis gadacemis, an momsaxurebis gawevis Sesaxeb, Tumca, sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom bavSvebis dapatiJeba kinoTeatrSi, moqalaqeTaTvis mcire Rirebulebis mqone saCuqrebisa Tu suvenirebis gadacema ar warmoadliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
xmas ara marto `samxedro pirebi~ aZleven, aramed policielebic da samarTaldamcavi uwyebis rigiTi TanamSromlebic ki, rac xelovnurad zrdis saarCevno olqSi maJoritari kandidatebis amomrCevelTa ricxvs. rekomendacia: saqarTvelos saarCevno kodeqsma calsaxad unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom specialuri ubnebi iqmneba mxolod samxedro samsaxurSi myofi im samxedro mosamsaxureebisaTvis, romlebsac samsaxurebrivi valdebulebis gamo ar SeuZliaT datovon dislokaciis adgili, raTa Tavidan aviciloT Tavdacvis, Tu Sinagan saqmeTa saministroSi dasaqmebuli arasamxedro moqalaqeebis, Tu policielebis arCevnebSi monawileoba specialuri ubnebis meSveobiT. maJoritarul arCevnebSi monawileobis ufleba ki mieces samxedro mosamsaxures mxolod im saarCevno olqis teritoriaze, sadac mdebareobs misi mudmivi dislokaciis adgili da sadac igi ixdis aranakleb orwliani vadiT da sakontraqto samxedro samsaxurs. aRniSnuli wesi gamoricxavs arCevnebamde nebismieri dRiT adre samxedro nawilebis sxvadasxva olqebSi xelovnurad gadaadgilebisa da maTi xmebiT manipulirebis SesaZleblobas. zemoaRniSnuli mosazrebebi nawilia im mniSvnelovani rekomendaciebisa, romlebic aucileblad unda gaiTvaliswinon axal saarCevno kodeqsSi imisaTvis, rom sakanonmdeblo doneze uzrunvelhyon iseTi saarCevno garemo, sadac yvela saarCevno subieqts Tanabari SesaZleblobebi eqneba, xolo samarTaldamrRvevis mimarT iarsebebs pasuxismgeblobis saTanado zomebi. saias aseve miaCnia, rom mxolod saarCevno kodeqsis cvlilebebi ar aris samarTliani da gamWvirvale arCevnebis Catarebis garantia, vinaidan, srulyofili saarCevno kanonmdeblobis arsebobis SemTxvevaSic ki, SesaZlebelia samarTlebrivi normebiT manipulireba, Tuki saxelmwifos mxridan ar iqneba saarCevno procesis demokratiuli standartebiT warmarTvis neba.
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specialuri saarCevno ubnebis Semcireba dRes, saarCevno administraciisa da sasamarTlos mier gakeTebuli araswori interpretaciis Tanaxmad, specialur saarCevno ubnebze
politika
`baTumelebis~ saqme
gazeT `baTumelebis~ mTavari gamowveva axla isaa, rom masze zewolis faqtis gamoZiebis dasrulebamde SeZlos sazogadoebis interesis SenarCuneba.
anita Tvauri
gazeT `baTumelebis~ redaqtori, eTer TuraZe TbilisSi sasamarTlo procesze sakuTari udanaSaulobis dasamtkiceblad da Jurnalistur saqmianobaSi misTvis xelis SeSlis faqtze sasaubrod Camovida. 2 dekembers Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTloSi gazeT `baTumelebis~ redaqtorma mosamarTles dawvri24
lebiT uambo problemis arsi. 2009 wlis zafxulSi redaqtorma sarfis gamSveb punqtze, sabaJo procedurebis kanonierebis garkvevisa da gaSuqebis mizniT, Tavad gaiara is gza, rasac moqalaqeebi Turqul bazarze mosaxvedrad gadiodnen. sazRvris gadmokveTisas eTeri moqalaqesa da mebaJes Soris dawyebul kamaTs Se-
eswro, Tavi waradgina da moqalaqisgan interviu iTxova. ganbaJebis procedurisTvis xelis SeSlis gamo, eTeri da gazeTis direqtori mzia amaRlobeli 2000 lariT daajarimes. saSemosavlo samsaxurma `baTumelebis~ jarima marTebulad miiCnia, risTvisac gazeTma saCivriT Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos
mimarTa. 2 dekembers mosamarTlem orive mxares mousmina da Semdegi ganxilva 24 dekembers daniSna. sasamarTlo procesze daswreba eTer TuraZis TbilisSi Camosvlis erTaderTi mizezi ar yofila. gazeTma `baTumelebma~ gansakuTrebuli yuradReba miipyro ramdenime dRiT adre, mis erT-erT TanamSromelze zewolis faqtis gaxmaurebiT. 25 noembers gazeTis redaqtoris erT-erT moadgiles, Tedo jorbenaZes Sss-s specialuri operatiuli departamentis aWaris sammarTveloSi piradi cxovrebis gamoaSkaravebiT daemuqrnen da sanacvlod TanamSromloba mosTxoves. uaris SemTxvevaSi, rogorc Tedos Tavad sod-is TanamSromlebma ganumartes, `mas intervius aRaravin miscemda, veRar icxovrebda am qalaqSi, cols ver moiyvanda da samsaxuridanac gaagdebdnen~. erT-erTi samarTaldamcavi eTer TuraZes dahpirda, rom calke Sexvdeboda da auxsnida, Tu ratom ar unda emuSava Tedos maT redaqciaSi. specsamsaxuris warmomadgenlebis gancxadebiT, maT hqondaT foto da videomasala, Tedo jorbenaZis piradi satelefono Canawerebic, saidanac mtkicdeboda Tedos aratradiciuli seqsualuri orientacia. imisaTvis, rom Tedo jorbenaZis piradi cxovrebis Sesaxeb policias informacia gamoekvlia, maT unda hqonodaT sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba amgvari Carevis Sesaxeb. aseT nebarTvas sasamarTlo, rogorc wesi, mxolod konkretuli saqmis gamoZiebis procesSi absoluturi aucileblobiT ganpirobebul SemTxvevebSi gascems. aseTi nebarTva romc hqonodaT, sod-is TanamSromlebma uflebamosilebas mainc gadaaWarbes. `qarTuli kanonmdeblobiT, arc erT saxelmwifo dawesebulebas ar aqvs ufleba, Seagrovos iseTi monacemebi, romelic dakavSirebulia seqsualur orientaciasTan~, _ ganmartavs Tamar gurCiani axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciidan. gurCiani am faqts saqarTvelos policiis eTikis kodeqsisa da adamianis piradi cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis darRvevad afasebs. `baTumelebs~, romlis tiraJi 2500 egzemplaria, dedaqalaqSi bevri mkiTxveli ar hyavs. misi gacnoliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
ba TbilisSi mxolod eleqtronuli fostiT SeuZliaT, Tumca gazeTis aseT versias daaxloebiT 600 `xelmomweri~ hyavs. miuxedavad amisa, `baTumelebis~ daSantaJebis Sesaxeb pirvelma `radio Tavisuflebis~ Jurnalistma ia anTaZem dawera. `Cems megobrebs aSinebdnen. da am qveyanaSi, sadac karga xania, TiTqmis yvela SeSinebulia, Cemi megobrebi ar SeSindnen. ... rodesac wlebi gava da ikiTxaven, _ im Znel droSi vin iyo, vinc arc gatyda da arc gaiyidao _ zustad vici, Cems megobrebs gaixseneben. sodi, kudi da maimuna~, im droisaTvis, eWvi maqvs, imanenturad iqnebian daviwyebulni~, _ daiwera 28 noembers `radio Tavisuflebis~ vebgverdze, ia anTaZis blogze, romelsac kviraSi daaxloebiT 4 aTasi mkiTxveli hyavs. `gazeTi qmnis maRal profesiul Jurnalistur produqts da is ar uSvebs gadaumowmebel informacias, Tu ver xerxdeba informaciis gadamowmeba, gulwrfelad wers amis Sesaxebac~, _ ambobs ia anTaZe.
ès iyo pirveli SemTxveva, rodesac Cven gancxadebaze hqondaT reaqcia, gamogvexmaurnen~, _ ambobs gazeT `baTumelebis~ mTavari redaqtori eTer TuraZe. patara, magram Zlieri regionuli gazeTis mimarT maRali interesi da xalxis mxardaWera orma faqtorma ganapiroba: gazeTma zewolis Sesaxeb xmamaRla ganacxada da mas aqvs sazogadoebis ndoba. es ndoba ki `baTumelebma~ iseTi movlenebis gaSuqebiT moipova, romelTa mniSvneloba regionul masStabs scdeba. sazogadoebaSi swored `baTumelebma~ gaaCines kiTxvis niSnebi yofili serJantis roin SavaZis mkvlelobis Sesaxeb. es ambavi mxolod mas Semdeg gaxda farTo gansjis sagani, rac `baTumelebma~ detalebi gamoiZies da mkiTxvels oficialuri informaciis sawinaaRmdego faqtebi uCvenes. `baTumelebi~ erTaderTi media saSualeba iyo, vinc specsamsaxuris TanamSromlis, zedmetsaxelad `maimunas~, mier Cadenil danaSaulze dawera da im gogonaze mouyva mki-
sod-is TanamSromlebma uflebamosilebas gadaaWarbes. qarTuli kanonmdeblobiT, arc erT saxelmwifo dawesebulebas ar aqvs ufleba, Seagrovos iseTi monacemebi, romelic dakavSirebulia seqsualur orientaciasTan.
1 dekembers gazeTis mxardamWeri aqcia kinoTeatr àmiranTan~ gaimarTa, imave saRamos eTer TuraZe sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze, kviris mTavar analitikur gadacemaSi ramdenime dRiT adre ganxorcielebul zewolis faqtze hyveboda. `baTumelebis~ problemiT televizia `maestro~, `radio Tavisufleba~, radio ùcnobi~ da internet televizia "ITV"-ic dainteresdnen. Tumca `baTumelebis~ saqme dRemde ar gauSuqebiaT xelisuflebis mier kontrolirebad nacionalur komerciul arxebs `rusTavi 2~-sa da ìmeds~. Sinagan saqmeTa saministros analitikuri departamentis ufrosma, SoTa utiaSvilma ganacxada, rom daiwyo Sida mokvleva: `saqmeSi aSkara SantaJis niSnebia, generaluri inspeqcia Zalian intensiurad muSaobs am sakiTxebze~, _ ganacxada utiaSvilma. Txvels, romelic `maimunam~ sastikad scema, Semdeg ki gaaupatiura. statiis momzadebis procesSi gazeTis redaqtors SesTavazes misi erT-erTi TanamSromlis qmris cixidan gaTavisufleba, statiaze uaris sanacvlod, Tumca gazeTSi statia gamoqveynda. 2008 wlis zafxulSi, gazeT `baTumelebs~ muqaris werilSi atyobinebdnen, rom maT dauzianes vebgverdi da male amasve gaukeTebdnen redaqcias. agvistos omis dReebSi `baTumelebma~ 24 saaTSi Seqmnes alternatiuli internet gverdi da omis Sesaxeb informacias blogze aqveynebdnen. gasuli wlis zafxulSi gazeTma muqaris werili miiRo, sadac ewera, rom erT-erT Jurnalists mkvdars ipovidnen `pirSi gazeTgaCrils~. `baTumelebma~ prokuraturas mimarTa,
25
politika
da am mimarTvis Sesaxeb informacia sakuTar gverdebze gaavrcela. nomris gamosvlis meore dRes muqaris werili ganmeorda. `Tqven ggoniaT prokuratura gamoiZiebs?~ _ ewera muqaris werilSi. SemTxvevidan weliwad-naxevris Semdegac muqaris werilis avtori ar aris dadgenili. `baTumelebma~ prokuraturas misi Jurnalistis naTia royvas saqmianobis SezRudvis mcdelobis Sesaxebac acnoba. samarSruto taqsidan Camosvla da fotoebis gadaReba naTiam mas Semdeg gadawyvita, rac dainaxa, rom erT-erTi saxlidan niRbianebi nivTebs quCaSi yridnen. samarTaldamcavebma naTias gadaRebis Sewyveta mosTxoves. `gogo, riT ver gaige, quCa sajaro adgili iqamdea, sanam specoperacia ar tardeba... ar mainteresebs Seni Jurnalistoba... sakanSi gamogketav~, _ aseTi audio Canaweris gakeTeba naTiam samarTaldamcavebTan WidilSi moaxerxa. bolos is manqanaSi Casves da adgils gaarides. prokuraturam ise daadgina, rom naTia royvas nebis sawinaaRmdego araferi momxdara, rom am CanaweriT ar dainteresebula da arc dazaralebuli daukiTxavs. winaswari gamoZieba ar daiwyes. miuxedavad imisa, rom Tedo jorbenaZeze zewolis faqtTan dakavSirebiT gazeTis ramdenime TanamSromeli ukve daikiTxa da Ss saministros generalurma inspeqciam daiwyo Sida mokvleva, maT mier SemuSavebuli rekomendacia SeiZleba arc gaxdes sisxlis samarTlis warmoebis dawyebis safuZveli. inspeqcia mxolod saministros Sida kontrolis meqanizmia. `baTumelebze~ zewola maTi daarsebidan, 2001 wlidan erT weliwadSi daiwyo. aslan abaSiZis mmarTvelobam gazeTi 2002 wels daxura. meored daarsebis Semdeg gazeTis TanamSromlebze zewola, maT Soris fizikuric, saqmianobis ganuyofel nawilad iqca. aWaraSi 2004 wlis vardebis revoluciis Semdeg gazeTma `baTumelebma~ moaxerxa damoukidebel mediad darCena. daarsebis dRidan is ucxouri fondebis grantebiT inarCunebs finansur damoukideblobas. dRemde, araerTi problemis miuxedavad, gazeTi axerxebs Tavis gadarCenas da Tan, Jurnalisturi eTikisa da standartebis dacviT, sakuTari Rirebulebebis erTgulad darCenas.
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Cven viswavliT sakuTari Tavis dacvas

interviu gazeT `baTumelebis~ mTavar redaqtor eTer TuraZesTan
`baTumelebis~ pirveli nomeri jer kidev maSin gamovida, rodesac aWaras aslan abaSiZe marTavda. gazeTis TanamSromlebs kargad axsovT is dro, rodesac xelisuflebis zewola fizikur angariSsworebas niSnavda. Tumca, gazeTis mTavari redaqtori ambobs, rom dRes Tavisuflebis SenarCuneba kidev ufro Znelia.
26 noembers Tqven oficialurad ganacxadeT zewolis Sesaxeb da maleve mimarTeT saerTaSoriso sazogadoebas daxmarebisTvis. ratom gadawyviteT, rom es faqti sajaro gamxdariyo? rac male gavitandi am informacias redaqciis gareT, miT swrafad Semcirdeboda zewolis riski.
Cven rom ar gagvexmaurebina es faqti, Tedo SantaJis wyarod darCeboda. Tuki SeuZliaT gaayalbon piradi cxovrebis detalebi, romelic kanoniT aris daculi, ra garantia maqvs, rom xval agentobas ar damwameben? informaciis Senaxvis SemTxvevaSi, ufro meti safrTxe arsebobda. precedentis Seqmnis saSiSroeba arsebobda.
interviu
rogor fiqrobT, SantaJis es mcdeloba iyo Tu ara SeTanxmebuli maRali rangis CinovnikebTan? Cven orjer mogviwia Sss-s SenobaSi misvla. erTxel gamogviSves _ rogorc Cans, am pirebma konsultacia gaiares viRac zemdgomTan. Semdeg isev gvTxoves ukan dabruneba. rTuli saTqmelia, es zemdgomi piri baTumSia Tu TbilisSi, magram aSkara iyo, rom adamianebi, romlebic Cven gvesaubrnen, ar iRebdnen gadawyvetilebebs. policiis an sxva saxelmwifo struqturis Cinovnikis Cawerisas, Tundac umniSvnelo sakiTxze, yovelTvis gvTxoven, nebarTva Tbilisidan aviRoT. Tqveni gazeTis arsebobis manZilze ra tipis zewola gigrZvniaT da visgan? Cven aslan abaSiZis mmarTvelobis periodSi davaarseT gazeTi. maSin xelisuflebisgan umniSvnelod gansxvavebuli azris qonac miuRebeli iyo. im periodSi iyo fizikuri zewola. mzad viyaviT da zustad vicodiT, rom cemis iqiT ar wavidodnen. uamravi aparati daumtvreviaT CvenTvis da bevri SemTxveva iyo fizikuri angariSsworebis. ukve vcnobdiT kidec im adamianebs, visac SeiZleboda vecemeT da ubralod gavrbodiT xolme. axla meTodebi Seicvala. dRes aRaravin gcems, magram SeiZleba
gamogvacala, Zalian didi stresi iyo JurnalistebisTvisac. im dReebSi muSaoba gviWirda. mudmivi zewolis fonze, Tu grZnobT mxardaWeras? JurnalistikaSi Tu midixar, problemebs mudam unda elode da martoc rom darCe, Seni saqme mainc unda akeTo. gulCvili adamiani ar var, magram rom gavige, Cveni mxardasaWeri aqcia imarTeboda, Semdeg ki am aqciis kadrebi vnaxe, simarTle giTxraT, guli amiCuyda. amas namdvilad ar velodi. Cven sul gvqonda arasamTavroboebis daxmareba, sasamarTlo procesebze `saia~ rom ar gvexmarebodes, Zalian gagviWirdeboda arseboba. saxalxo damcvelis aparati yovelTvis pirveli iyo, vinc Cvens problemebze saubrobda. ufro iSviaTad vgrZnobT mkiTxvelis mxardaWeras. SeiZleba vcdebi, magram vfiqrob, rom sazogadoeba ufro aqtiuri unda iyos, rom imis gakeTeba, rac Cven SemTxvevaSi moxda, aravis mouvides TavSi. rom ar yofiliyo mxardaWera, SeiZleboda uaresi Sedegi migveRo. rogor moaxerxa gazeTma revoluciis Semdeg damoukideblobis SenarCuneba? gazeTi `baTumelebi~ vardebis revoluciis Semdeg ar iqca xe-
waarTves da ganukiTxaoba iyo, isic gavaSuqeT. gaCnda pretenzia, _ Tqven xom Cvenianebi xarT, ratom akeTebT amaso? Cven vardebis revoluciamdec media viyaviT da merec. yovelTvis vwerdiT im problemebze, rac Zvel sistemas hqonda, da imazec, ra problemebsac axal sistemaSi vxedavdiT. raSi xedavT gamosavals Seqmnili rTuli viTarebidan da ra aris Tqveni mTavari gamowveva dRes? erTi mxriv, ar vwyvetT profesiul ganviTarebas da, meore mxriv, mudmivad vcdilobT, sakuTar gamocdilebaze viswavloT. rodesac gazeTs vqmnidiT, warmodgena ar gvqonda, ra iyo Tavisufali media. 2007 wlidan ki profesiuli kodeqsi gvaqvs da mas vemorCilebiT. mTavari gamowvevaa, gavzardoT tiraJi profesionalizmis gaumjobesebis xarjze da saqarTveloSi beWduri gamocemis komerciul organizmad qcevis erTi precedenti mainc SevqmnaT. SevecdebiT, ufro frTxilebi viyoT, gavTvaloT, ra SeiZleba dagvemarTos. gvinda, rom sakuTari Tavis dacva Tavad movaxerxoT da ar dagvWirdes sazogadoebis Sewuxeba. diax, merideba, radgan mudmivad miwevs adamianebisTvis imis Txovna, rom gverdSi dgoma gvWirdeba. ar aris es sasiamovno gancda, damijereT. gamosavals vxedavT gaerTianebaSi, Cven marto verafers gavxdebiT. Tu garemo ar
abaSiZis mmarTvelobis periodSi zustad vicodiT, rom cemis iqiT ar wavidodnen, axla fsiqologiuri zewolaa da es gacilebiT ufro mZimea.
absoluturad dagengres Tavze yvelaferi, Tu moindomeben. sxva meTodebiT cdiloben, mogaqcion TavianTi gavlenis qveS. teroris qveS gviwevs muSaoba. axla aris fsiqologiuri zewola da es ufro mZimea. TiTqmis yovel 6 TveSi erTxel gvaqvs problemebi. cotas davwynardebiT, gamovalT stresidan da axali faqti Cndeba. Tedos SemTxvevam yvelafris Zala
lisuflebis Semadgenel rgolad, rac daemarTa `rusTavi 2~-s, Tumca amis safrTxe maSin Zalian didi iyo. Cven vTqviT, rom gvinda viyoT Jurnalistebi. meore nomerSive davsviT kiTxva _ sad wavida aslan abaSiZis qoneba? gavarkvieT, rom misi qoneba axal xelisuflebaSi mosulma pirebma daitaces da daviwyeT kritikuli statiebis wera. biznesmenebs rom manqanebi
Seicvala saqarTveloSi, kanonmdeblobis pativiscema ar gaCnda sazogadoebaSi, biznes garemo ar gaTavisuflda wnexisgan da xelisuflebam Tavis TavSi Zala ar moZebna, uari Tqvas mediis kontrolze, sazogadoeba da media mudam polarizebuli da dapirispirebuli iqneba. esaubra anita Tvauri
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adamianis uflebebi da samarTali
cvlilebebi konstituciis winaaRmdeg

is sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi, romlebic saqarTvelos parlamentma ukve gaatara da romelTa miRebasac axla gegmavs, adamianis uflebaTa deklaracias da saqarTvelos konstitucias ewinaaRmdegeba.
nino beqiSvili
SuSis Senobebi, romlebic simbolurad policiis gamWvirvale da sufTa muSaobas gamoxatavs, Tbilisis garda, saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela didi qalaqis realobacaa. magram adamianis uflebaTa damcvelebi amboben, rom saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebebi samarTaldamcavebis mxridanac irRveva da sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebiTac. parlamentma, sazogadoebis protestis miuxedavad, mainc gaatara cvlilebebi, romlebic adamianis fundamentur uflebebs zRudavs. 2009 wlis 1 oqtombers evropis sabWos veneciis komisiam ori wevris daskvna gamoaqveyna im cvlilebebis Sesaxeb, romlebic saqarTvelos parlamentma am zafxuls miiRo. cvlilebebi `Sekrebebisa da manifestaciebis Sesaxeb~, àdministraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa Sesaxeb~ da `policiis Sesaxeb~ kanonebs Seexo. veneciis komisiis erT-erTi wevri, irlandieli filona flanagani aRniSnavs, rom saqarTvelos parlamentma sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi Zalian swrafad miiRo _ maSin, rodesac opoziciurma partiebma prezident saakaSvilis gadadgomis moTxovniT rusTavelis prospeqti gadaketes. misi azriT, sakanonm28
deblo cvlilebebi TiTqmis yovelTvis araadekvaturia, rodesac maT konkretuli incidentebis aRsakveTad iReben. amave dros, saqarTvelos parlamenti ar daeloda veneciis komisiis daskvnas. agvistoSi parlamentis Tavmjdomarem aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos parlamenti komisiis daskvnebs gaiTvaliswinebda da Tuki komisias raime pretenzia eqneboda, ukve miRebul kanonebs Secvlida. respublikuri partiis wevri vaxtang xmalaZe ambobs, rom `veneciis komisiis daskvnebi, rogorc wesi, sarekomendacio xasiaTisaa. Tumca, evropis qveynebSi am rekomendaciebis Sesruleba lamis savaldebuloa~. gamkacrebuli kanonmdeblobis paralelurad, samarTaldamcavebis mier adamianis uflebebi irRveva. konstituciis 25-e muxli saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs uflebas gvaZlevs, winaswari nebarTvis gareSe SevikriboT sajarod da uiaraRod, rogorc WerqveS, iseve gareT. mitingebis Casatareblad nebarTvis aReba saWiro ar aris, magram Tuki Sekreba an manifestacia xalxisa da transportis saval nawilze imarTeba, savaldebuloa xelisuflebis organoebis winaswari gafrTxileba. administraciul organos gafrTxilebaze
uaris Tqmis ufleba ara aqvs, mxolod rekomendaciebs unda dasjerdes. 23 noembers saqarTvelos sami moqalaqe _ moZraoba `7 noembris~ aqtivistebi jaba jiSkariani, daCi caguria da irakli korZaia parlamentis win transparantebiT xelSi trotuarze Camosxdnen. manamde merias mimarTes gafrTxilebiT, magram meriam maTi gafrTxileba im mizeziT ar miiRo, rom 23 noembers giorgobasTan da vardebis revoluciis wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT raRac RonisZiebebi unda Catarebuliyo. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, amis ufleba merias ar hqonda. policiam sami momitinge parlamentis win, kibeebze CamosxdomisTanave daakava, miuxedavad imisa, rom maT kanoni ar daurRveviaT: arc quCa gadauketavT da arc 20 metris radiusze miaxlovebian parlamentis Senobas. Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos administraciulma kolegiam dakavebulebi imave dRes 500-500 lariT daajarima, mizezad ki is dasaxelda, rom momitingeebma policias `ver warudgines saTanado nebarTva~, ar daemorCilnen policielebs, winaaRmdegoba gauwies da sityvieri da fizikuri Seuracxyofa miayenes maT. sainteresoa, rom mosamarTlem ar gaiTvaliswina dacvis
parlamenti apirebs `policiis Sesaxeb~ kanonSi iseTi cvlilebis Setanas, romelic adamianis uflebebs safrTxes Seuqmnis.
gamoiyenes gamkacrebuli kanonmdebloba da dairRva maTi uflebebi. kerZod, axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia `Sekrebebisa da manifestaciebis~ kanonis me-11.1. muxlis gasaCivrebas apirebs, romlis mixedviTac, momitingeebs ekrZalebaT quCis gadaketva im SemTxvevaSi, Tu cotani arian da trotuarzec daetevian. saxalxo damcvelis 2009 wlis I naxevris moxsenebaSi calke Tavi eTmoba am sam ganaxlebul kanons da naTqvamia, rom àRniSnul cvlilebaTa paketiT dadgenili SezRudvebi uxeSad arRvevs saqarTvelos konstituciasa da adamianis uflebaTa evropul konvencias~. is, rom sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi ara mxolod qarTvelma eqspertebma, aramed evropis sabWos veneciis komisiis ori wevrmac àraproporciulad~ miiCnia, axalgazrda iuristebs sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi TavianTi mosazrebebis dacvaSi daexmarebaT. `Cveni pozicia iyo da rCeba is, rom raRac SezRudva unda iyos, _ ambobs giorgi gociriZe, _ namdvilad ar SeiZleba ganusazRvreli droiT iyos gadaketili qalaqis quCebi, magram SezRudva, swored drois mxriv, gonivruli vadiT unda dawesdes da ara demonstrantTa raodenobis mixedviT. yvelas unda hqondes protestis am formiT gamoxatvis ufleba~. uflebadamcvelebis TqmiT, adamianis uflebebs safrTxes uqmnis is sakanonmdeblo iniciativebic, romelTa miRebasac saqarTvelos parlamenti axla apirebs. cvlilebebi Sedis `policiis Sesaxeb~ kanonSi. adamianis uflebaTa damcvelebis yuradReba me-9 muxlma miipyro, sadac naTqvamia, rom `sagangebo an saomari mdgomareobis pirobebSi, agreTve damnaSaveTa da samarTaldamrRvevTa dakavebis mizniT dasaxlebul punqtebSi moawyos reidebi. reidis dros policias ufleba aqvs, kanoniT dadgenili wesiT gaaCeros da Seamowmos piri da satransporto saSualeba~. giorgi gociriZe ambobs, rom `Zvel kanonmdeblobas emateba mxolod erTi sityva _ `Seamowmos~. qarTul kanonmdeblobaSi am sityvis zusti definicia ar gvxvdeba, da es `gaCxrekas~ niSnavs, ubralod SefuTulia, rogorc `Semowmeba~. es norma samarTaldamcavebs aZlevs SesaZleblobas, nebismieri piri Seamowmon, romelic reidis Catarebis adgilas moxvdeba. sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsiT mkacradaa gansazRvruli, rodis SeiZleba moxdes gaCxreka: maSin, rodesac adamiani eWvmitanilia danaSaulSi. am kanonis mixedviT ki, SeiZleba, saqarTvelos nebismieri moqalaqe, ubralo gamvleli gaCxrikon~. imave mosazrebas iziarebs vaxtang xmalaZec: ès norma pirdapir ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos konstituciis me-20 muxls, romlis mixedviTac, àravis aqvs ufleba, Sevides sacxovrebel binaSi an sxva kerZo farTobze, mflobel pirTa sawinaaRmdegod, da Caataros Cxreka, Tu ar aris sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli gadaudebeli aucilebloba~. gaxsovT albaT, rodesac milicia, gansakuTrebiT 92 wlis Semdeg, reidebs atarebda da manqanebs Cxrekda, zogan xelyumbarebs, zogan narkotikebs, zogan iaraRs poulobdnen. Zalian didi albaToba arsebobs, rom am kanonis amoqmedebis Semdegac igive ganmeordes~. advokati lia muxaSavria ambobs, rom policiis kanonSi am cvlilebis miRebis SemTxvevaSi, sapatrulo da kriminaluri policiis uflebamosilebis aRreva moxdeba. misi TqmiT, sapatrulo policias moqalaqeTa Cxrekis ufleba arc erT qveyanaSi ar aqvs. policiis kanonSi cvlilebebi saqarTvelos parlamentma pirveli mosmeniT ukve miiRo. nacionaluri moZraobis warmomadgenlebma mediiT ramdenjerme ganmartes, rom kanonSi axali TiTqmis araferia da mxolod ramdenime detalis dazusteba moxda. axla kanonproeqtis ganxilva sxvadasxva saparlamento komisiaSi mimdinareobs. mosmenebSi monawileobs saqarTvelos axalgazrda iuristTa asociaciac, romelmac sakuTari mosazrebebi ukve warudgina parlaments. arsebuli kanonmdeblobiT, ukve dadgenilia Sekrebebisa da manifestaciebis garkveuli SezRudvebi, gamkacrebulia administraciuli saxdeli. meore mxriv ki, samarTaldamcavebi sakmaod Tavisuflad arRveven adamianis uflebebs. Zneli saTqmelia, ratom gaxda aucilebeli, rom policias nebismieri moqalaqis gaCxrekis ufleba mieces.
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moZraoba `7 noembris~ aqtivistebis dakaveba parlamentis win, Tbilisi, 23 noemberi 2009
moTxovna da ar ganixila is videomasala, rac itv.ge-s Jurnalistebma sasamarTloze waradgines. kadrebSi kargad Cans, rom momitingeebi, yovelgvari winaaRmdegobis gareSe, mSvidad Casxdnen manqanaSi. am saqmesTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelma gancxadeba gamoaqveyna, sadac naTqvamia, rom `dairRva moqalaqeebis daCi cagurias, jaba jiSkarianisa da irakli korZaias konstituciiT gaTvaliswinebuli Sekrebebisa da manifestaciebis Tavisufleba~. axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia cagurias, korZaias da jiSkarianis saqmis strasburgis evropis adamianis uflebaTa sasamarTloSi gasaCivrebas gegmavs. asociaciis xelmZRvanelis, Tamar xidaSelis azriT, es iyo ùkanono qmedebaTa mTeli jaWvi da dairRva gamoxatvisa da Sekrebebis konstituciuri ufleba~. qarTvel samarTaldamcavebs maTi dakavebis ufleba gamkacrebuli kanonmdeblobis mixedviTac ar hqondaT: saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis 2009 wlis I naxevris saangariSo moxsenebaSi naTqvamia, rom `saqarTvelos konstituciis 25-e muxlis me-3 punqti iTvaliswinebs xelisuflebis mier Sekrebis da manifestaciebis Sewyvetas mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu man kanonsawinaaRmdego xasiaTi miiRo. Sewyveta ki SesaZlebeli xdeba mxolod qmedebis ganxorcielebis Semdgom~. axalgazrda iuristTa asociacia aseve apirebs mimarTos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos da gaasaCivros kanonis is normebi, romlebic saqarTvelos parlamentma 2009 wlis zafxulSi, daCqarebuli wesiT miiRo. asociaciis warmomadgenlis, giorgi gociriZis TqmiT, isini sakonstitucio sasamarTloSi daCi cagurias, jaba jiSkarians da irakli korZaias saxeliT Seitanen sarCels, radganac maT mimarT araerTxel
ekonomika
eqsperimentebis meore wre

ekonomikis or umniSvnelovanes segmentze saxelmwifom praqtikulad warumateblad gamoacxada da gaauqma is struqturuli reformebi, rac liberalizaciis droSiT bolo wlebSi mimdinareobda.
revaz sayevariSvili
finansuri policia kafe `nikalaSi~, Tbilisi 16 ivnisi 2005
1 dekembers, mogexsenebaT, kalendaruli zamTari daiwyo. Tumca, `sezonis Secvla~ ara mxolod kalendaruli sazomiT moxda. swored am dRes qveynis ekonomikis or umniSvnelovanes segmentze `Zveli dro dabrunda~: erTgan uwindeli scenariT integracia ganxorcielda (erovnuli banki da safinanso zedamxedvelobis saagento kvlav erT uwyebad gaerTianda), meoregan ki _ dezintegracia (finansTa saministros Semosavlebis samsaxurs safinanso policia gamoeyo da kvlac calke erTeulad iarsebebs). rogorc cal-calke, ise erTad, orive cvlileba ekonomikuri peizaJis mniSvnelovan cvlilebas moaswavebs. praqtikulad, warumatebladaa gamocxadebuli da gauqmebulia is struqturuli reformebi, rac liberalizaciis droSiT am sferoebSi bolo wlebSi mimdinareobda. postrevoluciuri wlebis ganmavlobaSi gegmazomierad gamoxSiruli da dasustebuli erovnuli banki Zveli poziciebis dabrunebas iwyebs. arcTu didi xnis win is lamis finansTa saministros departamentis
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donemde iyo CamoqveiTebuli da weliwad-naxevris ganmavlobaSi sulac prezidentis gareSe iarseba. axla ki, kanonis axali redaqciis Tanaxmad, is imaze metad Zlierdeba, vidre odesme yofila; kerZod, erovnuli banki gaxda komerciuli bankebis, valutis gadamcvleli punqtebis, arasabanko sadepozito dawesebulebebisa da mikrosafinanso organizaciebisaTvis fuladi gzavnilebis ganmaxorcielebeli pirebis, sabrokero kompaniebisa da fasiani qaRaldebis registratorebis, aseve, sadazRvevo kompaniebisa da arasaxelmwifo sapensio sqemebis damfuZneblebis sazedamxedvelo organo, anu safinanso bazris megaregulatori. Tumca amiT misi gaZlierebis kampania ar sruldeba. developerebis nawilis iniciativaa, erovnulma bankma kontroli samSeneblo seqtorsac gauwios. marTalia, es jer mxolod ideis donezea, magram faqtia, rom erovnuli banki qveynis safinanso xelisuflebaSi Tavis adgils ibrunebs da es namdvilad ar aris urigo gadawyvetileba, rasac ase gadaWriT ver vityviT meore struqturul refor-
finansuri policia aRdga swored im Tavzardamcemi formiT, romlis miuReblobac safuZvlad daedo misi gauqmebis Taobaze 2007 wlis gadawyvetilebas.
maze _ finansuri policiis srulfasovan reinkarnaciaze. finansuri policia 2007 wels gauqmda da is finansTa saministros Semosavlebis samsaxurad sabaJo da sagadasaxado departamentebTan erTad `gamoiZerwa~. maSin es reforma udides win gadadgmul nabijad Seiracxa, radgan gadamxdels, samis magivrad, erT uwyebasTan urTierTobis fufuneba misca. garda amisa, aSkara iyo finansuri policiis ukiduresad negatiuri imiji da saqmianobis praqtika, romelic xSirad aRaranair CarCoebSi ar jdeboda. ase rom, misi calke arsebuli saxiT gauqmeba erliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
TniSnad pozitiurad iyo aRqmuli. Tumca, gauqmebidan or weliwadSi xelisuflebam isev Zveli modelis dabruneba arCia. amJamindeli gadawyvetilebiT, finansur policias finansTa saministros sagamoZiebo samsaxuri ewoda da gadawyda, rom mas eyoleba specdaniSnulebis razmi da eqneba fizikuri iZulebisa da specsaSualebebisa da cecxlsasroli iaraRis gamoyenebis ufleba; pirebis
foni, romelzec finansuri policiis xelaxali aRzeveba xdeba. Semosavlebis samsaxuri dRes, praqtikulad, yvela moqmed kompanias amowmebs da milionebian jarimas pantapuntiT aricxavs. bolo periodSi Semosavlebis samsaxurma araerTi milioni laris moculobis jarimebi daakisra kompania `Tbilisis aeroportis~ operator `tav jorjias~ (53 milioni lari), `nikoras~ (15 milioni), `feros~ (10
ze xdeba finansuri policiis aRdgena im uflebebiT da SesaZleblobebiT, razec zemoT vilaparakeT. cxadia, rom es faqti Riad miuTiTebs xelisuflebis survilze, ufro mkacrad moaxdinos sagadasaxado administrireba da krizisis pirobebSic maqsimumi amoiRos saqmiani velidan. Tumca, albaT arc is unda iyos rTuli dasanaxi, rom ukideganod Zlieri finansuri policia ar aris saukeTeso gza sagadasaxado Semosavlebis
kanonis axali redaqciis Tanaxmad, erovnuli banki imaze metad Zlierdeba, vidre odesme yofila.
dakavebisa da danaSaulis Tavidan acilebis mizniT, daubrkoleblad Seva binebSi da organizaciebis SenobebSi; ganaxorcielebs Semowmebis procedurebs dasaxlebul punqtebSi, magistralebsa da teritoriul wylebSi; Seqmnis konspiraciuli TanamSromlebis qsels da a.S. erTi sityviT, finansuri policia aRdga swored im Tavzardamcemi formiT, romlis miuReblobac garkveulwilad safuZvlad daedo misi gauqmebis Taobaze 2007 wlis gadawyvetilebas. qveyanaSi agresiuli finansuri policiis aRdgenis gadawyvetileba pozitiurad ar miuRiaT; miT ufro, rom misi saqmianobis Sesaxeb arcTu saxarbielo mogonebebi arsebobs. saxelmwifo ki novatorul libertarianul ideebs afrqvevs da biznesTan urTierTobis axali etapis dawyebas zeimobs. gasakviri ar aris, rom sagadasaxado policiis imiji ganisazRvreba swored im xisti da sworxazovani egzekuciebiT, romlebsac es samsaxuri 2004-2006 wlebSi iyenebda. maSin gadasaxadis damalvaSi eWvmitanil adamianTa binebsa Tu ofisebSi SeiaraRebuli niRbianebis SeWra, cematyepa da sruli ganukiTxaoba savsebiT Cveulebrivi movlena iyo. dRes biznesisTvis yvelaze SemaSfoTebeli swored is aris, rom saxelgadarqmeuli finansuri policiis funqcia, praqtikulad, igive darCeba, oRond _ gacilebiT meti ZalauflebiT. da rac aranakleb damafiqrebelia, es aris is zogadi
milioni), èlit eleqtroniqss~ (7 milioni), `yazbegs~ (3,5 milioni), `pepsis~ (2 milioni), aseve _ bevr sxvasac. msxvil biznesze gadasaxadebis amosaRebad mimarTuli ieriSis dawyebis pirveli niSani iyo èlit eleqtroniqsis~ savaWro obieqtebidan fulis amoRebis operacia wels agvistoSi. saxelmwifosa da kompanias Soris dava mimdinareobs swored finansuri policiis mier 2007 wels daricxul 7 milion larze. wels, agvistoSi saxelmwifom kompaniidan fulis amoReba maSin daiwyo, roca am sakiTxze sasamarTlo procesebi jerac ar iyo dasrulebuli. agorebuli talRa nel-nela yvelas miswvda: elit eleqtroniqsis Semdeg sagadasaxado samsaxuri saiuveliro maRaziebis qselebSi Sevida. SedarebiT uxmaurod Caiara reidebma restornebsa da kazinoebSi. samagierod, ioli SesamCnevi gaxda maRaziebis da bazrobebis Semowmeba, radgan es reidebi ramdenime maTganis daketviT dasrulda. `megalainis~, `kidobnis~, `pandas~, `ji-Ti-si~-s, aseve lilos da eliavas bazrobebis savaWro qselebSi maRaziebis nawili dResac daluqulia. zogma ki ise daasrula arseboba, rom gaxsna aRarasdros eRirseba. calke saubris Temaa Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier mobiluri kavSirgabmulobis kompaniebis Semowmeba, romelzec mxareebi jer mxolod zepir gancxadebebs akeTeben, Tumca, saqme aqac mravalmilionian ganzomilebaSi gadadis. da swored axla, swored aseT fon-
gasazrdelad, miT ufro maSin, roca biznes-aqtivoba dRiTi dRe iklebs. mudmivi kamaTi Temaze, kargia Tu cudi saqarTvelos sagadasaxado garemo, sabolood ori faqtis konstataciamde midis: gadasaxadebis odenoba da ganakveTebi Zalian kargia, dabegvris teqnologia da aRsruleba ki _ saSineli. kargi sagadasaxado kodeqsi Cinovnikuri ganmartebebis Sedegad imdenad mZime da gadaulaxavi xdeba, rom misi Tavdapirveli Rirsebebidan praqtikaSi bevri aRaraferi rCeba. erTi martivi, magram Zalian niSandoblivi magaliTi: sagadasaxado kodeqsis axali ganmartebis mixedviT, kompanias vadagadacilebuli an gafuWebuli produqtis Camoweris SesaZlebloba aRar aqvs. Sesabamisad, is valdebulia, aseTi produqti SemosavalSi aCvenos da mogebis gadasaxadi gadaixados, rac isedac krizisSi myofi kompaniis finansur mdgomareobas mZime tvirTad awveba. gadaaxdevino mewarmes mogebis gadasaxadi imaSi, raSic, araTu mogeba ar unaxavs, piriqiT _ zarali ganicada, usamarTlo moTxovnaa. es, faqtobrivad, saxelmwifosgan sanqcirebuli reketia, romelic kanonis donezea ayvanili. kompanias ki masTan brZolis aranairi berketi ar aqvs _ saxelmwifo am fuls mainc aucileblad waiRebs. miT ufro amieridan, roca am `wminda saqmes~ kvlavac finansuri policia Seasrulebs _ axali saxeliT da gafarToebuli uflebebiT.
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ekonomika
ekonomikuri krizisi
-5,5% _ axali evrodiagnozi

evrobankis gaangariSebiT, saqarTvelos ekonomikaze krizisis mravalmxrivi dartyma imaze ufro Zlieria, vidre mTavrobaSi miiCneven. saqarTvelo swored axla iwyebs krizisis ara mokle, aramed grZelvadiani Sedegebis momkas.
revaz sayevariSvili
milioni sagadasaxado Semosavlebis wilad modis. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom biujetis wina SesworebiT sagadasaxado Semosavlebis gegma ukve iyo Semcirebuli 500 milioni lariT, gamodis, rom mxolod am parametriT biujeti, wlis dasawyisSi dagegmilTan SedarebiT, 620 milioniT naklebs miiRebs. aRarafers vambob sxva parametrebze, romlebic analogiur dinamikas avlenen. magaliTad, imave grantebis saprognozo maCvenebelic, biujetis bolo SesworebiT, kidev 92 milioni lariT Semcirda. Sedegad, saboloo angariSiT, Semosavlebis ganuxreli klebis gamo, biujetis gasacemlebmac kidev 213 milioniT iklo da aseve Camoscda 7-miliardian niSnuls. es cifrebi kidev erTxel adasturebs, rom saqarTvelos ekonomika SekumSvas ganagrZobs. parlamentSi wardgenil sabiujeto Sesworebebsac axlda axsna, rom biujetis Semcireba `qveynis ekonomikaSi mimdinare movlenebs ukavSirdeba~. am movlenaTa logika da mosalodneli Sedegi kargad esmiT saerTaSoriso safinanso organizaciebsac, romlebic saqarTvelosTan dakavSirebiT sul axal negatiur prognozebs gamoTqvamen. saqarTvelos mTavrobam daarwmuna saerTaSoriso savaluto fondi (ssf), rom wels ekonomikis vardna 4%-ze meti ar iqneba. fondis ukanasknelma misiamac swored es savaraudo maCvenebeli miuTiTa. Tumca, ssf-s da saqarTvelos mTavrobis erToblivi prognozi ukve daayena eWvqveS qveynis ekonomikis kidev erTma msxvilma donorma _ evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis bankma, romlis gaTvlebiTac, wels saqarTvelos ekonomikis vardna ufro masStaburi, daaxloebiT, 5,5% iqneba. evrobankirebis analiziT, mosalodnelia, rom qveynis ekonomikuri ganviTareba ufro Rrma negatiur niSnulze SenarCundes da miuxedavad mTavrobis fiskaluri stimulirebis meqanizmebisa, gaisadac mdgomareobis gamosworebis tempi gacilebiT neli iyos, vidre mTavroba imedovnebs. miT ufro, rom 2010 wels gaTvaliswinebuli ekonomikis 2%-iani zrda damokidebuli iqneba ucxouri kerZo kapitalis ganaxlebul Semodinebasa da bankebis mier ekonomikis aqtiuri dakreditebis ganaxlebaze, rac amJamad, problemuri sesxebis didi moculobis gamo, ukiduresad izRudeba. evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis banki saqarTvelos xelisuflebis optimizms da krizisidan gamosvlis Taobaze ukve gakeTebul xmamaRal gancxadebebs naklebad iziarebs. bankis prognoziT, kavkasiis qveynebSi da, maT Soris, cxadia, saqarTveloSic, krizisi jer ar dasrulebula da misi mZime fazidan gamosvla neli da problemuri iqneba. da aq mTavari ara mxolod samxreT kavkasiis qveynebs SigniT arsebuli viTarebaa, aramed is garemoebac, rom regionis kidev erTi moTamaSe _ ruseTis federacia jerac mZime krizisul mdgomareobaSia da misi daZleva uWirs. saqarTvelos, somxeTsa da azerbaijans ki sakuTari ekonomikebi ruseTze
olivie deskampsi, evrobankis biznes jgufis direqtori
sabanko gamococxlebasTan dakavSirebul saxelisuflo optimizms Tavad xelisuflebis SigniTve upirispirdeba realobaze dafuZnebuli profesiuli skepticizmi.
saqarTvelos parlamentma 2009 wlis saxelmwifo biujeti kidev erTxel `Seaswora~. am cvlilebiT biujetis Semosavlebi 192 milioni lariT Semcirda da fsiqologiurad mniSvnelovan niSnuls _ 5 miliard lars Camoscda. Semcirebuli 192 milionidan 120
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ekonomika
pirdapir Tu iribad mainc im doziT hyavT mibmuli, rom am gavlenas ver gaurbian. amitomac, evrobankis gaTvlebiT, krizisis dasrulebaze saubari mxolod 2 wlis Semdeg _ 2011 wlidan iqneba SesaZlebeli. Tumca, evrobankisve prognoziT, es zrdac ver iqneba sasurvelad mdgradi da Seuqcevadi da aRmasvlis Semdeg seriozuli Cavardnebis albaToba ar gamoiricxeba. saqarTvelo ki swored axla iwyebs krizisis ara mokle, aramed saSualo da grZelvadiani Sedegebis momkas. am mxriv igive evrobanki, misi biznes jgufis direqtoris, olivie deskampsis meSveobiT, kidev erT usiamovno prognozs akeTebs. kerZod, deskampsi momavali wlisTvis saqarTveloSi kompaniebis nawilis gakotrebas prognozirebs da amis umTavres mizezad sabanko kreditebis Semcirebas asaxelebs. misi ganmartebiT, mimdinare recesiis pirobebSi bankebi cdiloben, riskebs Tavi maqsimalurad aaridon da amitomac qveyanaSi dakreditebis moculoba mkveTrad Semcirda. deskampsis TqmiT, erTi mxriv, bankebi sworad iqcevian, roca ar surT, riskian partniorebze gascen kreditebi da, Sesabamisad, axali riskiani valdebulebebi aiRon. Tumca, meore mxriv, bankebis zRvargadasuli sifrTxile uaryofiTad moqmedebs im kompaniebis saqmianobaze, romlebic cud finansur mdgomareobaSi arian. deskampsi ganmartavs, rom bevri maTgani, savaraudod, momavali wlis gazafxulisTvis ukve gakotrebuli iqneba. amis Sedegad ki qveynis mTliani Sida produqti kidev ufro Semcirdeba. swored am mizeziT saqarTvelo recesiidan Senelebuli tempiT gamova. Tumca, recesiis dasaZlevad kidev erTi aucilebeli winapiroba arsebobs: deskampsis gancxadebiT, saqarTvelos mTavrobam biznes-garemos gasaumjobeseblad da investorebis mosazidad TamaSis wesebi mniSvnelovnad unda gaaumjobesos. xelisuflebaSi evrobankis SiSs mxolod nawilobriv iziareben. dakreditebis Semcirebas aravin uaryofs, Tumca arsebobs optimizmi, rom bankebi dakreditebis mxriv
omamdel mdgomareobas ubrundebian. amitom, kompaniebis gakotrebis safrTxe gazviadebulad aris miCneuli. Tumca, sabanko gamococxlebasTan dakavSirebul saxelisuflo optimizms Tavad xelisuflebis SigniTve upirispirdeba realobaze dafuZnebuli profesiuli skepticizmi. uaxloes xanebSi komerciuli bankebis mxridan dakreditebis mkveTr zrdas rom ar unda velodoT, amis Sesaxeb erovnul bankSi daufaravad acxadeben. dakreditebis gaaqtiureba sakmaod mZime, rTuli da droSi gawelili procesi iqneba da masze myisieri molodinebis damyareba ubralod araseriozulia. amis dasturia wlevandeli oqtombris monacemebic, romelTa mixedviTac, komerciuli bankebis mier oqtomberSi gacemuli sesxebis raodenoba gasuli wlis igive periodis da mimdinare wlis seqtembris maCvenebelsac CamorCeba. biznesis permanentulad damZimebadi mdgomareobis dasturad ki saqarTvelos damsaqmebelTa asociaciis kvlevac sakmarisia, romelmac saqarTveloSi biznesis mdgomareoba Seiswavla. kvlevis mizani biznes-aqtivobaze 2008 wlis ruseT-saqarTvelos omisa da finansuri krizisis gavlenis Sefaseba iyo. biznesis kvleva saqarTvelos yvela regionSi, sxvadasxva tipis da zomis sawarmoebSi, 450 respondents Soris Catarda. gamokiTxvam cxadyo, rom saqarTveloSi sawarmoTa umravlesoba winakrizisul an ukve krizisul mdgomareobaSi imyofeba. ruseT-saqarTvelos omi da finansuri krizisi aSkarad negatiurad aisaxa respondentTa finansur mdgomareobaze, rasac, Sesabamisad, samuSao adgilebisa da TanamSromelTa raodenobis Semcireba mohyva. Tavad gamokiTxuli kompaniebi ki biznesis ganviTarebis xuT mTavar xelisSemSlel faqtorad asaxeleben sakredito resursebis simwires, sagadasaxado sistemas, infrastruqturul problemebs, produqciis imports da arasamarTlian konkurencias. ase rom, evrobankis negatiur prognozs savsebiT konkretuli safuZveli aqvs.
gamoiwereT Jurnali `liberali~ da miiReT igi gamosvlis dRes (yovel meore oTxSabaTs) TqvenTvis sasurvel misamarTze
6 nomeri (3 Tve) _ 16,80 lari 13 nomeri (6 Tve) _ 36,40 lari 25 nomeri (1 weli) 70 lari
Jurnalis gamosawerad dagvikavSirdiT telefonebze: 23 37 31, (899) 48 62 41 an mogvawodeT Tqveni sakontaqto informacia el-fostiT: info@liberali.ge
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`rusTavi 2-is~ Camongreuli Senoba, Tbilisi 2009
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Jurnalisturi gamoZieba
kosmetikuri gamoZieba
`rusTavi 2~-is Senobis Camongrevis saqmeSi damnaSaveebis gamosavlenad mniSvnelovani iyo, gamoZiebas daedgina, àrtiqsi~ saremonto samuSaoebs awarmoebda Tu rekonstruqcias. am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemas gamoZiebam gverdi auara.
givi mgelaZe, studia `monitori~
jiqias quCaze `rusTavi 2~-is Senobis Camongrevam ori adamianis sicocxle imsxverpla. tragediis adgilze misulma mixeil saakaSvilma mkacrad ganacxada: `10 dRis farglebSi unda damidon daskvna, Tu ra moxda aq. SeiZleboda Tu ara amis Tavidan acileba?~ mas Semdeg rva Tve gavida. gardacvlilis ojaxs dRemde miaCnia, rom prezidentma giga bokerias da daviT kezeraSvilis naTesavebi daindo da es saqme saerTod ar adardebs. 2009 wlis 26 aprilis dilis 5 saaTze sandro eulis quCis #5a-Si, `rusTavi 2~-is kuTvnili Senoba Camoingra. SenobaSi satelevizio proeqti, `varskvlavebis akademia~ mimdinareobda, Camongrevis dros iq proeqtis 8 monawile da telekompaniis 6 TanamSromeli imyofeboda. ar Camongreula mxolod is ori oTaxi, sadac Sous monawile axalgazrdebs eZinaT. gadarCenilebi maSvelebma nangrevebidan 40 wuTSi gamoiyvanes, ramdenime maTganma sxeulis dazianeba miiRo. maleve gairkva, rom nangrevebSi `rusTavi 2~-is ori memontaJe giorgi gabunia da nika gelaSvili moyvnen. 14-saaTiani Zebnis Semdeg maSvelebma giorgi gabunias da nika gelaSvilis cxedrebi gamoitanes.
gamoZieba daiwyo, gairkva, rom `rusTavi 2~-ma Camongrevamde 4 TviT adre Senobis remonti `jorjian bilding korporeiSens~ daukveTa, romelmac samuSaoebis Sesasruleblad Sps àrt-iqsi~ daiqirava, SenobaSi samuSaoebs swored àrt-iqsi~ awarmoebda. mediaSi maleve gavrcelda informacia, rom àrt-iqsSi~ giga bokerias colis da, rusudan CergoleiSvili da daviT kezeraSvilis coli, sofio Ciqovani muSaobdnen. `roca gavigeT, rom àrt-iqss~ gavleniani mfarvelebi hyavda, eWvi Segvepara gamoZiebis samarTlianobaSi. vfiqrobdiT, rom maTi saxelebi Ziebis obieqturobaze gavlenas moaxdenda. gadavwyviteT, advokatebi agveyvana~, _ ixsenebs gardacvlili memontaJis nika gelaSvilis deda, nino gelaSvili. `vxvdebodiT, rom gamoZieba arasrulyofilad mimdinareobda, magram zemoqmedeba ar SegveZlo. imedi gvqonda, rom mniSvnelovan mowmeebs sasamarTloze gamoviZaxebdiT da davadgendiT, Tu vin iyo damnaSave 2 adamianis daRupvaSi~, _ ambobs merab Ciqovani, gardacvlilis ojaxis advokati. Senobis Camongrevidan 40 dRis Se-
mdeg eqspertizis daskvna momzadda. eqspertebma ngrevis mizezad 1967 wels mSeneblobisas daSvebuli xarvezebi da 2009 wels àrt-iqsis~ mier arasworad Catarebuli sarekonstruqcio samuSaoebi daasaxeles. daskvnis gamoqveynebis Semdeg samarTaldamcavebma àrt-iqsis~ samuSaoebis mwarmoebeli daviT gvasalia usafrTxoebis wesebis darRvevis gamo daapatimres. prokuraturis mier Sedgenili sabraldebo daskvnis Tanaxmad, erTaderTi damnaSave, àrt-iqsis~ samuSaoTa mwarmoebeli daviT gvasalia iyo. gamoZiebis daskvniT, man samuSaoebi arakvalificiurad warmarTa. gamoZiebis dawyebidan 5 Tvis Semdeg saqme sasamarTlos gadaeca. sasamarTloSi advokatebma mowmeebis dakiTxva ver moaxerxes, radgan prokuraturam daviT gvasalias saproceso garigeba gauforma. is sasamarTlos darbazidan gaaTavisufles. samuSaoTa mwarmoebelma, romlis araprofesionalizmsac 2 adamianis sicocxle Seewira, patimrobaSi mxolod 5 Tve gaatara. `sasamarTloze dadasturda, rom àrt-iqss~ marTlac mfarvelobdnen. mSenebels yvelaze ZviradRirebuli advokatic auyvanes, saproceso
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garigebac gauformes da ise gamouSves, 1 TeTric ar gadauxdia. gvasaliam danaSauli Tavis Tavze aiRo da àrt-iqsis~ xelmZRvanelebs pasuxismgebloba aarida~, _ acxadebs nino gelaSvili. Tbilisis sagadasaxado inspeqciis monacemebiT, àrt-iqsis~ direqtori da 100%-is mflobeli marTlac rusudan CergoleiSvilia. àrt-iqsSi~ aseve menejerad muSaobs daviT kezeraSvilis meuRle, sofio Ciqovani. Cven gamoZiebis masalebi SeviswavleT. gairkva, rom àrt-iqsi~ sandro eulis quCaze samuSaoebs proeqtis da yovelgvari nebarTvis gareSe awarmoebda. saqmeSi devs Tbilisis arqiteqturis samsaxuris werili, sa-
kedelia moxsnili, rac rekonstruqciaa~. Cven mier mopovebuli naxazebi adasturebs, rom Camongreuli Senobis pirvel sarTulze `rusTavi 2~-s Tavidanve studiebis da e.w. `nius rumis~ mowyoba hqonda dagegmili, risTvisac sivrce sWirdeboda. irkveva, rom `rusTavi 2~-is mier SekveTili studiebisa da `nius rumis~ mosawyobad pirvel sarTulze mzidi kedlis moxsna iyo saWiro. saqmeSi arsebuli fotomasalis Tanaxmad, mSenebelma mzidi kedeli marTlac moxsna da mis nacvlad ramdenime sveti amoaSena. Cven movipoveT amave Senobis Tavdapirveli, 1967 wels momzadebuli proeqti. Zveli da axali naxazebis
acxadebs konstruqtori papuna menabdiSvili. irkveva, rom garda 26 aprils Camongreuli Senobis rekonstruqciisa, àrt-iqsma~ imave misamarTze orsarTuliani Senobis demontaJic moaxdina, rac eqspertizis daskvniTa da àrt-iqsis~ TanamSromlebis CvenebebiTac dasturdeba. kanoniT demontaJic proeqts da nebarTvas saWiroebs. meriis arqiteqturis samsaxuris informaciiT, `rusTavi 2~-sTvis arc demontaJis nebarTva miuciaT. meriaSi agvixsnes, rom mzid kedelSi 1 metris siganis fanjris amoWrac ki rekonstruqciaa da mas nebarTva sWirdeba, konsultantis ganmartebiT, nebarTva aucilebelia demontaJis SemTxvevaSic.
Cven mier mopovebuli naxazebi adasturebs, rom Camongreuli Senobis pirvel sarTulze `rusTavi 2~-s Tavidanve studiebis mowyoba hqonda dagegmili, risTvisac sivrce sWirdeboda.
dac aRniSnulia, rom sandro eulis quCis #5a-Si warmoebul samuSaoebze 26 aprilamde, anu Senobis Camongrevamde aranairi nebarTva ar aris gacemuli. àrt-iqsisa~ da `rusTavi 2~-is xelmZRvanelebma gamoZiebas ganucxades, rom mxolod kosmetikur remonts atarebdnen, rasac proeqti da nebarTva ar sWirdeboda. gardacvlilis ojaxis advokatebi samarTaldamcavebs amaod umtkicebdnen, rom àrtiqsma~ mzidi kedeli daangria, rac rekonstruqciaa da ara kosmetikuri remonti. saremonto samuSaoebi Tu rekonstruqcia? am kiTxvaze pasuxis gacemas gamoZiebam gverdi auara. Tumca gamoZiebis masalebSive aris azomviTi naxazebi da fotomasala, romelic adasturebs, rom àrt-iqsma~ rekonstruqcia Caatara. zaur silagaZe, konstruqtori: samuSaoebi, romelic am naxazebiT da fotomasalis mixedviT ganxorcielda, Senobis rekonstruqciaa, aq araviTar kosmetikur remontze saubari ar SeiZleba. kosmetikuri remonti hqvia, rom Semovida kaci, gaasufTava kedlebi, Spaleri gaakra, SeReba da wavida. aq mzidi
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SedarebiT, konstruqtorisTvis naTeli gaxda, rom pirvel sarTulze mzidi sayrdeni e.w. diafragmaa mongreuli; `sandro eulis quCaze namdvilad rekonstruqcia CautarebiaT~, _ askvnis konstruqtori silagaZe. sainteresoa is, rom àrt-iqsis~ mier ganxorcielebuli samuSaoebi rekonstruqciadaa moxseniebuli gamoZiebis masalebSic, kerZod, gvasalias mimarT prokuraturis mier Sedgenil sabraldebo daskvnasa da eqspertizis daskvnaSi. mSeneblobis Sesaxeb kanoniT ki, rekonstruqcias Sesabamisi nebarTva sWirdeba, romelsac arqiteqturis samsaxuri gascems. eqspertebis TqmiT, rekonstruqciamde Senobis kompiuteruli damuSaveba unda moxdes, ris safuZvelze Sedgenil proeqts damkveTi arqiteqturis samsaxurSi nebarTvis misaRebad waradgens. specialistebis ganmartebiT, `rusTavi 2~-s eulis quCaze mdebare Senobebis proeqtireba da SeTanxmeba daaxloebiT 35 aTasi dolari daujdeboda `wesiT, rekonstruqciis proeqti kompiuterulad unda daemuSavebinaT da, am naxazebis mixedviT, meriidan Sesabamisi nebarTva aeRoT~, _
niSandoblivia is, rom àrt-iqsma~ pirvel sarTulze 10 metris sigrZis mzidi kedeli yovelgvari nebarTvis gareSe moangria, mis nacvlad ki, ramdenime sveti moawyo da gaamagra. eqspertebis azriT, svetebma zeda oTxi sarTulis dawolas ver gauZlo da Senoba Camoingra. àrt-iqsis~ samuSaoebi SeTanxmebuli proeqtiT da nebarTviT rom ewarmoebina, Senoba ar Camoingreoda. kanoniT, rekonstruqciisa da demontaJis proeqti `rusTavi 2~-s unda moemzadebina da meriis arqiteqturis samsaxurSi SeeTanxmebina, ris Semdegac saTanado nebarTvas miiRebda. kompania àrt-iqsma~ sisxlis samarTlis danaSauli Caidina. man ukanono samewarmeo saqmianoba unebarTvod ganaxorciela. es, ratomRac, gamoZiebis yuradRebis miRma darCa. `sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 192e muxliT, ukanono samewarmeo saqmianobad iTvleba im samuSaoebis nebarTvis gareSe warmarTva, rac nebarTvas saWiroebs. àrt-iqsi~ swored ase moiqca, risTvisac sisxlis samarTlis wesiT unda agos pasuxi, rogorc iuridiulma pirma (àrtiqsma~), aseve misma xelmZRvanelma
rusudan CergoleiSvilma~, _ acxadebs advokati gagi mosiaSvili. dRes ukve eWvs ar iwvevs, rom àrt-iqsma~ sarekonstruqcio samuSaoebi awarmoa, rac mzidi kedlis mongrevaSi gamoixata. am fonze niSandoblivia, rom 26 aprils, Senobis Camongrevidan ramdenime saaTSi SemTxvevis adgilze misulma qalaqis merma ugulavam ganacxada, TiTqos SenobaSi mxolod kosmetikuri remonti mimdinareobda. is, rasac eqspertebi 40 dRe ikvlevdnen, gigi ugulavam ramdenime saaTSi daadgina da daaskvna, rom mzidi kedlebi ar moungreviaT. rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, Senobis CamongrevaSi gamoZiebam damnaSaved mxolod samuSaoTa mwarmoebeli da-
viT gvasalia miiCnia. is pirvel CvenebaSi acxadebda, rom àrt-iqsis~ direqtoris, rusudan CergoleiSvilis da arqiteqtor-dizaineris, xaTuna beriZis miTiTebebiT moqmedebda. pirveli Cveneba gvasaliam advokatis gareSe misca, Tumca mogvianebiT man pasuxismgebloba sakuTar Tavze aiRo da xelmZRvaneloba aRarsad uxsenebia. Cvenebis Secvlis dros mas ukve erT-erTi maRalanazRaurebadi advokati giorgi yavlaSvili icavda. im kompaniis klientebs Soris, romelsac giorgi yavlaSvili warmoadgens, britaneTis, safrangeTis da germaniis saelCoebs, saerTaSoriso safinanso korporacias, `honda motorss~ da sxva cnobil organizaciebs SexvdebiT. yavlaSvili 2008
daxuruli sajaro informacia

miekuTvneba. zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi komerciul saidumlos ganmartavs, rogorc komerciuli faseulobis mqone gegmas, formulas, process, agreTve sxva informacias, romlis gamJRavnebam, SesaZloa, ziani miayenos piris konkurentunarianobas. iurist arCil CofikaSvilis ganmartebiT, kanonis es norma ar Seesabameba Jurnalis mier gamoTxovil informacias: `rogor SeiZleba komerciuli saidumlo iyos im Senobis gegma, romelic daingra? mis gadaRebas da gameorebas Seecdeba vinme, rom aseTive gegmiT Senobis aseTive ngreva naxos?~ iuristi ganmartavs, rom aseve gaugebaria, Tu ratom miadgeba safrTxe naxazis gadmocemiT kompaniis konkurentulobas. `liberali kanoniT garantirebuli informaciis miRebas sasamarTlos gziT Seecdeba. nino gogua
telekompania `rusTavi 2-is kuTvnili Senobis naxazi, romelic Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos arqivSi inaxeba, kanonis mixedviT, sajaro dokumentia. Tumca, sasamarTlo mis gacemaze kvlav uars ambobs. samSeneblo kompania àrt-iqsis~ mier Sesrulebuli dagegmarebiTi naxazi, romelze dakvirvebiTac naTeli xdeba pasuxi saqmis mTavar kiTxvaze _ Senobis rogori saxecvlileba iyo dagegmili, saremonto Tu sarekonstruqcio _ `liberalma~ saqmeSi monawile erT-erTi dainteresebuli mxarisgan moipova. Tumca, imis
gaTvaliswinebiT, rom dokumenti saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis me-3 muxlis me-4 nawilis mixedviT (dasrulebuli sasamarTlo davis masalebi) sajaroa, misi egzemplari sasamarTlodanac gamoiTxova. kiTxvaze, ratom ar gascems sajaro informacias, Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos kancelariis ufrosi daviT kurtaniZe JurnalisTvis gamogzavnil oficialur werilSi gvpasuxobs: àdministraciuli kodeqsis 28-e muxlis Sesabamisad, sajaro informacia daxurulia, Tu komerciul da pirad saidumlos
wlis saprezidento arCevnebis dros mixeil saakaSvilis advokatic gaxldaT. gardacvlili nika gelaSvilis deda ambobs, rom àrt-iqsma~ mSenebels ZviradRirebuli advokati mas Semdeg auyvana, rac ojaxi maTTan garigebaze ar wavida. nino gelaSvili: `nikas daRupvidan cota xanSi `rusTavi 2~-is generaluri direqtoris kabinetSi SevxvdiT vinme kaxa ninuas, romelic aris àrt-iqsis~ direqtoris, rusudan CergoleiSvilis meuRle da giga bokerias qvisli. man gviTxra, Tu ise ar moiqceviT, rogorc Cven gvinda, anu ar gaCumdebiT, me mSenebels vupatroneb, ZviradRirebul advokats avuyvan da cixidan gamoviyvano. Tu gindaT, Tqvenc dagiqiravebT advokatso. gesmiT! ase agresiulad, cinikurad miTxra~. `rusTavi 2~-is Senobis Camongrevis gamo 2 adamiani daiRupa. oTxi daSavda, gamoZiebisTvis micemul CvenebebSi yvela maTgani erTxmad acxadebs, rom pretenzia aravis mimarT aqvT. pretenzia ar gamouTqvams arc `rusTavi 2~-s, romelmac samSeneblo samuSaoebSi gadaxdili 1 milioni lari dakarga, 5-sarTuliani Senoba daengra, aparatura gaunadgurda, Cauvarda ZviradRirebuli, licenzirebuli proeqti `varskvlavebis akademia~. davinteresdiT, telekompaniam, zaralis anazRaurebis moTxovniT, mimarTa Tu ara sasamarTlos? saqalaqo sasamarTlos informaciiT, zaralis anazRaurebis moTxovniT `rusTavi 2~-s àrt-iqsis~ winaaRmdeg sarCeli ar Seutania. sarCeli ar Seutania arc kompania `magTikoms~, romelic `varskvlavebis akademias~ sponsorobda da proeqtSi reklamis saxiT finansuri interesi hqonda. sandro eulis quCaze `rusTavi 2~ samSeneblo samuSaoebs isev awarmoebs, oRond amjerad SeTanxmebuli proeqtis da nebarTvis mixedviT. gardacvlili nika gelaSvilis ojaxi ki brZolis Sewyvetas ar apirebs. ojaxis advokatebs mTavar prokuraturaSi saCivari SeaqvT da saqmis xelaxla gamoZiebas iTxoven. maT imedi aqvT, rom daviT gvasalias garda, sabraldebo skamze sxvebic aRmoCndebian.
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foto interpres niusi
konfliqtebi
adamianebiT vaWrobis axali formati

tirZniseli mozardebis dakavebis istoriam cxadyo, rom Jenevis formatSi arsebuli molaparakebebi Zalze araefeqturia. mxareebi da saerTaSoriso damkvirveblebi fiqroben, rom aucilebelia axali meqanizmebis amuSaveba.
olesia varTaniani, Tbilisi
ramdenime saaTiT adre, vidre ori tirZniseli mozardi cxinvalis cixes datovebda, qarTulma mxarem xuTi osi gaaTavisufla, romelTa gaSvebaze manamde kategoriul uars acxadebda. am garigebis Semdeg saqarTvelos xelisuflebaSi imedgacruebulebi darCnen. TbilisSi imedovnebdnen, rom, xuTi osis sanacvlod, cxinvali minimum oTxive tirZnisel mozards gaaTavisuflebda da, SesaZloa, 16 wlis giorgi arCvaZesac, romelic zafxulidan cxinvalis cixeSia. rogorc adamianis uflebaTa sakiTxebSi evrosabWos komisari Tomas hammabergi ambobs, darCenil or mozards 13 dekembers gaaTavisufleben.
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evrokomisarma, romelic mTeli kvira Tbilissa da cxinvals Soris am sakiTxs Suamavlobda, amis `mtkice piroba~ cxinvalSi `Zalian maRal doneze~ miiRo. qarTulma da osurma mxareebma hammabergs siebi gadasces, sadac tusaRTa da ugzo-ukvlod dakargulTa saxelebia Camowerili. qarTuli mxaris TqmiT, cxinvalis izolatorSi am momentisTvis 12 adamiani rCeba. erT-erTi maTgani, weliwadze metia, dakavebulia. osuri mxaris siis sruli varianti `liberalisTvis~ ucnobia. cnobilia, rom masSi figurirebs Svidi adamiani, romlebic, cxinvalis varaudiT, Tbiliss hyavs dakavebuli. TbilisSi ki
acxadeben, rom am adamianebis Sesaxeb araferi ician da maT ugzo-ukvlod dakargulebs uwodeben. garda amisa, cxinvalis xelisufleba iTxovs im ramdenime osis gaTavisuflebasac, romlebic Tbilisma omamde daakava. zogierTi maTgani teraqtis mowyobaSia braldebuli. hammabergi imedovnebs, rom oTxi mozardis gaTavisufleba qarTul da osur mxareebs Soris dakavebulTa sakiTxze molaparakebebis procesis ganaxlebis maniSnebeli gaxdeba. Tumca, imisTvis, rom es procesi ufro efeqturi iyos, hammabergi axali iniciativiT gamodis. misi TqmiT, unda Seiqmnas calke struqtura, romelic pasuxismgebeli iqneba, akonliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
trolos orive mxridan tusaRTa da ugzo-ukvlod dakargulTa saqmeebis ganxilvisa da gamoZiebis procesi. hammabergi ambobs, rom amgvari struqturis Camoyalibeba Jenevis molaparakebaTa procesis paralelurad unda moxdes. ufro meti konkretikisgan evropeli diplomati Tavs ikavebs. àgvistos bolos bevri adamiani gaaTavisufles. amisaTvis didi Zalisxmeva dagvWirda. Tumca, mas Semdeg, sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo, mxareebs Soris ndoba absoluturad daikarga. ukanasknel dromde, vidre piradad ar Camovedi da ar Sevxvdi yvelas, verafriT vaxerxebdi dakavebulTa gaTavisuflebis procesis adgilidan daZvras~, _ ambobs hammabergi. `Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom bolo dReebSi miRweuli dinamika SevinarCunoT. SegviZlia, Zvel saqmeebsac mivxedoT da SevqmnaT meqanizmi, romliTac am problemebze efeqturad muSaobas movaxerxebT~, _ Tavisi winadadeba aqvs hammabergs. axali, damatebiTi meqanizmebis Seqmna erTaderTi saSualebaa, rom samxreT oseTis sazRvarTan ganaxldes Sexvedrebi dakavebulTa sakiTxebze, romlebic Jenevis molaparakebaTa procesis egidiT imarTeboda.
naxevar welze metia, aseTi Sexvedrebi yovel meore kviras, evropel damkvirvebelTa misiisa da euTo-s warmomadgenelTa monawileobiT mimdinareobda. oficialurad es Sexvedrebi aravis gauuqmebia, Tumca bolo dros, sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo, araregularuli xasiaTi aqvs da mudmivad CaSlis pirasaa. jer kidev zafxulSi osurma mxarem ramdenjerme uari Tqva am SexvedrebSi monawileobaze, im mizeziT, rom formati ususuri da uSedego iyo. afxazeTSi msgavsi formatis Sexvedrebisgan gansxvavebiT, samxreT oseTis Sexvedrebs mudmivi Tavmjdomare ar hyavs. garkveul dromde Tavmjdomareebi rotaciis wesiT icvlebodnen. amis mTavari mizezi mxareebs Soris da Suamavlebis mimarT arsebuli undoblobaa. erT-erTi saerTaSoriso organizaciis warmomadgeneli, romelsac vinaobis gamxela ar surs, ganmartavs, rom afxazeTSi msgavsi problema ar dgas. qarTuli da afxazuri mxareebi Tavidanve SeTanxmdnen, rom Sexvedrebis Tavmjdomare gaero-s warmomadgeneli iqneboda, radgan gaero-s endoboda rogorc soxumi, ise Tbilisi.
`samxreT oseTis Sexvedrebze ki SeTanxmeba dRemde ar aris miRweuli. osebi amboben, rom euTo-s ar endobian, radgan euTo-m maT omis dros uRalata. maTi ndobiT arc evropel damkvirvebelTa misia sargeblobs, radgan evrokavSiri, romelsac es misia warmoadgens, mudmivad acxadebs, rom arasodes aRiarebs samxreT oseTs. osebi endobian mxolod ruseTs, xolo rusebis Tavmjdomareobas arasodes daTanxmdeba Tbilisi~. is, rom aqamde arsebuli Sexvedrebis formati Zalian sustia, kargad gamoCnda dakavebulTa da ugzo-ukvlod dakargulTa saqmeebis ganxilvisas. rogorc molaparakebaTa procesSi CarTuli saerTaSoriso organizaciis warmomadgeneli ambobs, òsebma daiwyes amorCeva, romel Sexvedrebze Rirs daswreba da romelze ara~. paata zaqareiSvili, romelic afxazeTis SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis Semdeg tyveTa da gardacvlilTa gacvlis procesSi monawileobda, ambobs, rom Tavidanve araswori iyo dakavebulTa gaTavisuflebis sakiTxis mibma Jenevis molaparakebaTa isedac Zalian myife meqanizmze. sakuTar gamocdilebaze dayrdnobiT, zaqareiSvili miiCnevs, rom saWiro iyo calke komisiis Seqmna, romelic dakompleqtdeboda orive mxarisTvis misaRebi adamianebiT da ndobis safuZvelze imuSavebda. misi azriT, gansakuTrebiT efeqturi iqneboda am komisiaSi samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenelTa Seyvana. samxreT oseTis droebiTi administraciis xelmZRvaneli, dimitri sanakoevi ambobs, rom qarTul mxares msgavsi komisiis Seqmnis idea hqonda, magram cxinvalis xelisuflebisgan pasuxi ver miiRo. adamianis uflebaTa damcveli organizaciis `memorialis~ warmomadgenlis, varvara paxomenkos TqmiT, romelic omis Semdeg orive mxares aqtiurad muSaobs dakavebulTa sakiTxebze, mTavari problema isaa, rom mxareebi erTmaneTs sruliad ar endobian. `dakavebulTa gacvlis mxriv dRes Cixuri mdgomareobaa Seqmnili. gamosavali mxolod is iqneba, Tu orive mxare Sewyvets vaWrobas da gaaTavisuflebs maT, vis winaaRmdegac seriozuli braldebebi ar arsebobs~, _ ambobs paxomenko.
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foto lu jimbo
`nevski eqspresis~ teraqti, 27 noemberi 2009
mezoblebi
terorizmi ruseTSi brundeba

`nevski eqspresis~ afeTqebis eqos CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi elodebian.
sofo bukia
tradiciulad, ruseTis centrSi momxdari teraqtis Semdeg kremli Crdilo kavkasiaSi `wesrigis damyarebas~ iwyebs. federalebis mier ganxorcielebul kontrteroristul operaciebsa da e.w. `wmendebs~ ki, rogorc wesi, ubralo xalxi ewireba. niSnebi imisa, rom kremli aucileblad `dasjis~ CrdiloeT kavkasias, ukve arsebobs. popularul eqstremistul vebgverdze `kavkazcentrze~, romelic boevikebis oficialur tribunad iTvleba, gamoqveynda werili, sadac 27 noembers momxdar teraqtze pasuxismgeblobas `kavkasieli mojahedebi~ da maTi lideri _ CeCeni savele meTauri doku umarovi iReben. 27 noembers, 22 saaTsa da 30 wuTze, moskovidan sankt-peterburgSi mimavali Cqarosnuli elmavlis _ `nevski eqspresis~ bolo sami vagoni afeTqebis Sedegad relsebidan gada40
vida. daiRupa 26 adamiani. 100-ze meti daiWra. es yvelaze masStaburi teroristuli aqtia, romelic ruseTSi bolo xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi ganxorcielebula. rusi eqspertebisa da Jurnalistebis nawili varaudobs, rom moskovsa da `CrdiloeT dedaqalaqs~ Soris afeTqebuli naRmi imis momaswavebelia, rom ruseTSi terorizmi dabrunda. CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi, bolo erTi welia, terorizmi yvavis, magram vidre igi ruseTis centrs ar Seuqmnis safrTxes, mas aravin imCnevs, an iyeneben sakuTari Zalauflebis gasaZliereblad. aSkaraa, rom mimdinare wlis dasawyisidan terorizmi ruseTSi Zalas ikrebs. Tavad gansajeT _ pirveli 9 Tvis monacemebiT, 2009 wels CeCneTSi, inguSeTsa da daRestanSi teroristebis Tavdasxmebis Sedegad 420 adamiani
daiRupa. es TiTqmis oTxjer metia im maCvenebelze, rac gasul wels iyo. amasTan, wels gansakuTrebuli isaa, rom teroristebis samizne, rogorc wesi, samarTaldamcavebi, oficrebi, Cinovnikebi, politikosebi xdebian. `nevski eqspresis~ SemTxvevac ar yofila gamonaklisi. `nevski eqspresi~ erT-erTi yvelaze popularuli marSrutis yvelaze prestiJuli matarebelia. Tanamedrove, komfortuli elmavali, romelic 200 km/sT siCqariT mihqris, moskovsa da sanktpeterburgs Soris 700-kilometrian manZils 4 saaTSi gadis. am eqspresiT mudmivad mgzavroben Cinovnikebic, romlebic 27 noembris teraqtis msxverplTa Sorisac arian. miuxedavad Crdilo kavkasiaSi Seqmnili mZime fonisa, mTeli wlis ganmavlobaSi rusi Zalovnebi acxadebdnen, rom isini srulad akontroleben regions.
kremlSi kavkasiis stabiluroba imdenad `daijeres~, rom gazafxulze CeCneTSi kontrteroristuli operaciis dasasruli gamoacxades im motiviT, rom CeCneTSi teroristebi aRar arian. es operacia aq 1999 wlis oqtomberSi daiwyo. Tumca, federaluri krebis winaSe Tavis ukanasknel gamosvlaSi, medvedevs mouxda imis aRiareba, rom kavkasia yvelaze seriozuli Sida problemaa ruseTisTvis. roca medvedevi CrdiloeT kavkasiaze laparakobda, misi xma gansakuTrebulad mkacri iyo. man Tqva, rom `teroristebi unda gavanadguroT emociebisa da yoymanis gareSe~. bevrs am gamoTqmam putinis cnobili fraza " " gaaxsena. es sityvebi dRevandelma premierma putinma 10 wlis win warmoTqva, mas Semdeg, rac moskovSi sacxovrebeli saxlebi aafeTqes. am afeTqebebs CeCneTSi aTwliani kontrteroristuli operacia mohyva, ramac uamravi udanaSaulo adamianis sicocxle Seiwira da putinis poziciebi gaaZliera. am afeTqebebma xalxi daarwmuna imaSi, rom CeCeni separatistebis winaaRmdeg daundobeli brZola gamarTlebulia da erTaderTi adamiani, vinc am amocanis Sesrulebas SeZlebs, putinia. am saxlebis afeTqebebis saqmeSi bevri pasuxgaucemeli kiTxva gaCnda, ramac warmoqmna eWvi, rom am afeTqebebis ukan ruseTis specsamsaxurebi idga, da maT CeCneTis meore omis dasawyebad sababi Seqmnes. ar arsebobs araviTari eWvebi da varaudebi, rom `nevski eqspresis~ afeTqebaSi xelisuflebaa gareuli. Tumca, aRniSnul teraqts SeiZleba zustad iseTive Sedegebi mohyves, rac aTi wlis win sacxovrebeli saxlebis afeTqebas. ruseTis mosaxleobis umravlesobisTvis `nevski eqspresis~ afeTqeba sadRac gadakargul daRestansa Tu CeCneTSi mowyobili teraqti ki ar aris, aramed cxvirwin momxdari tragedia. am faqts logikurad mohyveba sazogadoebis mxridan mowodebebi CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi wesrigis damyarebisken. `nevski eqspresis~ afeTqebaSi kavkasiur kvalze jer kidev manamde alaparakdnen, vidre `kavkazcentrze~ doku umarovis gancxadeba gaCndeboda. Tumca, TavisTavad arc es gancxadeba
niSnavs imas, rom teraqti umarovis xalxis mowyobilia. CeCneTis prezidentma ramzan kadirovma ganacxada, rom umarovs aseTi masStaburi teraqtebis mowyobis Zala ar Seswevs da `kavkazcentrze~ gamoqveynebuli informacia blefia. erT-erT SesaZlo versiad rusul presaSi imanac gaiJRera, rom afeTqebis ukan ruseTis ultranacionalisturi dajgufebebi dganan. Tumca, es versia popularuli ver gaxda, miuxedavad imisa, rom, TviTmxilvelTa TqmiT, saqmeSi slavuri garegnobis ori adamiani figurirebs.
yvelaze msxvili teraqtebi ruseTis sarkinigzo magistralebze 1993 wlis 28 Tebervali: gudermesi-groznos monakveTze afeTqda kislovodski-baqos matareblis erTi vagoni. daiRupa _ 13, daiWra 12 adamiani. 1994 wlis 13 aprili: derbentTan (daRestani) moskovi-baqos matarebelSi naRmis afeTqebis Sedegad daiRupa 6 adamiani, daiWra _ 3. 1996 wlis 12 agvisto: afeTqda volgogradi-astraxanis matareblis erT-erT kupeSi damontaJebuli xelnakeTi naRmi. daiRupa _ 1, daiWra 3 adamiani. 1997 wlis 27 ivnisi: moskovi-sanktpeterburgis matareblis tualetSi naRmi afeTqda. daiRupa _ 5, daiWra 14 mgzavri. 2003 wlis 3 seqtemberi: esentukTan kislovodski-minvodis matareblis afeTqebas 6 adamianis sicocxle emsxverpla, 39 daiWra. 2003 wlis 5 dekemberi: esentukTan kislovodski-minvodis elmavalze Tavi aifeTqa teroristma-TviTmkvlelma. daiRupa 47 adamiani, 233 _ daiWra. 2004 wlis 10 ivnisi: CeCneTSi, nauris raionSi afeTqda samxedro eSeloni. daiRupa _ erTi da daiWra ori samxedro mosamsaxure. 2005 wlis 24 ivlisi: daRestanSi, hasaviurtTan elmavali afeTqda. daiRupa _ erTi, daiWra oTxi mgzavri. 2007 wlis 13 agvisto: novgorodis olqSi TviTnakeTi naRmis afeTqebis Sedegad relsebidan gadavida `nevski eqspresi~, romelic sankt-peterburgimoskovis marSrutiT moZraobda. daiWra 60 adamiani.
savaraudod, aRniSnul teraqtSi pasuxismgeblebad kavkasielebs gamoacxadeben da Tu es ase moxda, ar aris gamoricxuli, rom ruseTis jarebi kvlav dabrundnen CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi. CeCeni meamboxeebis liderma, devnilma ahmed zakaevma, ganacxada, rom moskovi mzadaa, CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi jari Seiyvanos da 2014 wlis soWis olimpiadamde kavkasiis problema erTxel da samudamod gadawyvitos. medvedevis ukanasknel gamosvlas federaluri krebis winaSe CeCneTSi kontrteroristuli operaciis SemoReba mohyva. am informaciam Zalian SeaSfoTa CeCneTis mosaxleoba, radgan amgvari operaciebis mTavari samizne xSir SemTxvevaSi swored mSvidobiani mosaxleobaa da es orma CeCnurma omma da kontrteroristuli operaciis aTwlianma reJimma daamtkica. 24 noembers SuaRamidan CeCneTSi _ aCxoimartanis raionis tyian masivebSi federalebma religiuri eqstremistebis Zebna daiwyes. operacia male _ 2 dekembers ramdenime boevikis likvidaciiT dasrulda. CeCneTSi yvelam icis, realurad vin dgas kremlSi kavkasiuri politikis ukan. aq ician, rom medvedevi ar aris is adamiani, romelic CrdiloeT kavkasiaSi `wesrigis damyarebas~ SeZlebs. `Cven bevri gavakeTeT, rom terorizmi xerxemalSi gagvetexa, magram saSiSroeba kvlavac aris... farTomasStabiani profilaqtikuri samuSaoa Casatarebeli. unda vimoqmedoT daswrebaze da efeqturad. samarTaldamcavebma mSvenivrad ician, raze vlaparakob. fsb-s da Sss-s es xSirad kargadac gamosdiT. Tumca, am tragediam dagvanaxa, rom muSaoba unda gaZlierdes. principuloba da simtkice Cven ar gvaklia~, _ ganacxada putinma 3 dekembers, pirdapir eTerSi mosaxleobis kiTxvebze pasuxisas. xalxTan `Ria eTeris~ dros putinma mTel qveyanas daanaxa, vin aris qveyanaSi lideri. is mkafiod da mkacrad pasuxobda yvela kiTxvas da pasuxi yvela kiTxvaze hqonda. savaraudod, putini is adamiania, romelmac isic icis _ daiwyeba Tu ara mesame CeCnuri omi. masalis momzadebaSi monawileoba miiRo petimat islamovam, grozno
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mezoblebi
mTiani yarabaRi
progresi Tu Cixi?
yarabaRis samSvidobo procesis mediatorebi molaparakebebSi mniSvnelovan progresze saubroben, baqo omiT imuqreba, erevani ki _ mTiani yarabaRis aRiarebiT.
TaTul hakobiani, erevani
foto jorj de keerle
mTiani yarabaRi
rodesac prezidenti ilham alievi da sxva azerbaijaneli maRalCinosnebi acxadeben, rom erevanTan saubris mTavari Tema yarabaRis mosazRvre okupirebuli azerbaijanuli teritoriebi da am teritoriebze ltolvilebis dabrunebaa, isini simarTles bolomde ar amboben. cruoben somexi maRalCinosnebic, romlebic acxadeben, rom erevnisTvis molaparakebaTa mTavari Tema mxolod mTiani yarabaRis statusis gansazRvraa. vinc yarabaRis sakiTxze mimdinare molaparakebebis process yuradRebiT akvirdeba da am procesis mTavar
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dokuments _ madridis gegmas icnobs, mixvdeba, rom erevani da baqo mxolod omis Sedegebis likvidaciaze (teritoriebis dabruneba, ltolvilebis dabruneba, usafrTxoebis saerTaSoriso garantiebi, a.S.) rodi davoben. isini arc mTiani yarabaRis momavali statusis referendumis gziT gadawyvetis ideas ganixilaven. statusis gansazRvrisa da omis Sedegebis likvidaciis TvalsazrisiT, erevnisa da baqos poziciebi metnaklebad Sejerebulia. ukanaskneli xuTi welia, erevani da baqo sam specifikur sakiTxze ver Tanxmdebian. marTalia, mxareebi mudmivad acxa-
yvelaze cudi, rac SeiZleba somxeTisTvis moxdes, `mSvidobis iZulebaa~. anu yarabaRis konfliqtis daregulirebaSi CarTuli sami Zlieri moTamaSe _ ruseTi, evropa da aSS TurqeTTan erTad gadawyveten, rom Tavad `moagvaron~ yarabaRis konfliqti.
mezoblebi
deben, rom madridis dokumenti, rogorc molaparakebaTa sawyisi wertili, misaRebia, magram eSmaki detalebSi imaleba, _ dasZenen isini. ai, sami detali, romelTa Sesaxeb mxareebi, ager ukve xuTi welia, davoben: ukavSirdeba Tu ara kelbajaris raionis dabruneba yarabaRis aRiarebis statuss da rogor; ra statusi eqneba lanCinis derefans; da mesame _ rogoria danarCeni lanCinis dabrunebis pirobebi. euTo-s minskis jgufis TanaTavmjdomareebi 22 noembers miunxenSi prezident sargsianisa da prezident alievis oTxsaaTiani Sexvedris Semdeg acxadebdnen, rom yarabaRis sakiTxSi garkveuli progresi SeiniSneba. savaraudod, isini swored am sami sakamaTo sakiTxidan erT-erTs gulisxmobdnen. àm Sexvedrisas ori prezidenti yvelaze mniSvnelovani da gadauwyveteli sakiTxebis detalur da Rrma diskusiaSi CaerTo. oTxi saaTis ganmavlobaSi mimdinare molaparakebebi konstruqciuli iyo. zog sferoSi progresia. amavdroulad, ramdenime sakiTxi kvlav gadauwyvetelia~, _ vkiTxulobT erTobliv gancxadebaSi. euTo-s minskis jgufis TanaTavmjdomareebma _ ruseTis elCma iuri merzliakovma, safrangeTis elCma bernard fasiem da aSS-s elCma robert bradtkem presasTan optimisturi komentarebi gaakeTes. batonma fasiem ganacxada: `mniSvnelovan progress mivaRwieT, amavdroulad, garkveuli siZneleebic aRmovaCineT~. fasiem aRniSna, rom ufro konkretul komentarebs ver gaakeTebs, radgan es somxeTis da azerbaijanis prezidentebis prerogativaa. Tumca, alievi da sargsiani Sexvedris detalebze saubars Tavs arideben. nacvlad amisa, isini mxolod sakuTari auditoriis gulis mogebas cdiloben da populistur gancxadebebs akeTeben. magaliTad, miunxenis Sexvedramde erTi dRiT adre prezidenti alievi saomari moqmedebebis dawyebiT daimuqra. àzerbaijani milionobiT dolars xarjavs axali iaraRis, samxedro teqnikis SesaZenad, frontis xazis gasamagreblad. sruli ufleba gvaqvs, Cveni miwa-wyali samxedro gziT gavaTavisufloT. azerbaijani yarabaRis damoukideblobas arasdros Seurigdeba~, _ ganacxada man.
miunxenis Sexvedridan erTi dRis Semdeg ki somxeTis prezidentis presmdivanma gaakeTa gancxadeba, rom Tu azerbaijani samxedro avantiuras wamoiwyebs, `somxeTma SeiZleba mTiani yarabaRis damoukidebloba aRiaros~. miunxenis molaparakebebis Semdeg somxeTis revoluciuri federaciis (daSnakcutiuni) mTiani yarabaRis organizaciam Semdegi gancxadeba gamoaqveyna: `madridis principebis irgvliv mimdinare molaparakebebis procesi cxadyofs, rom somxur mxareze xorcieldeba zewola arwaxis (mTiani yarabaRis erT-erTi saxelwodeba somxurad) sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. yvelam icodes, veraviTari zewola an Tundac omis muqara ver aiZulebs somxebs, uari Tqvan erovnul interesebze. somexTa erToblivi ZalisxmeviT brZolis velze mopovebuli didi gamarjveba vaWrobis sagani ar aris~. somxeTis opozicia ukmayofiloa im politikiT, romelsac oficialuri erevani yarabaRTan mimarTebaSi atarebs. `daSnakebis~ erT-erTma liderma vahan hovhanesianma ganacxada, rom TurqeTis parlamentSi somxeTTurqeTis protokolebis ratificirebis sanacvlod (am protokolebis ratificirebis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZloa, wlebis win Caketili somxeTTurqeTis sazRvari gaixsnas, rac somxeTis interesebSi Sedis), somxeTs mniSvnelovan daTmobebze wasvlas aiZuleben. meore opoziciurma partiam _ `memkvidreobam~, romelic parlamentSi mTiani yarabaRis aRiarebis iniciativiT araerTxel gamosula, ganacxada, rom somxeTis mTavrobas mTiani yarabaRis damoukidebloba kosovos, afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis aRiarebis procesis dawyebamde unda ecno. swored mTiani yarabaRis respublika unda gamxdariyo precedenti. saerTaSoriso eqspertebs miaCniaT, rom baqos muStis qneva sxva araferia, Tu ara gzavnili saerTaSoriso sazogadoebisa da TurqeTisadmi, radgan TurqeTi somxeTTan urTierTobebis normalizebas mTiani yarabaRis sakiTxis gadawyvetis gverdis avliT Seudga. Tumca, sxvebs miaCniaT, rom TurqeTis parlamentSi Turqul-somxuri protokolebis ratificireba ar moxdeba, vidre yarabaRis status kvo ar Seicvleba.
iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom yarabaRis garSemo garkveuli Zvrebi xelovnuradaa Seqmnili, raTa TurqeTis parlamentma somxeT-TurqeTis protokolebis ratificireba moaxdinos. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, protokolebis ratificirebisa da somxeTis blokadis moxsnis sanacvlod, TurqeTi da saerTaSoriso sazogadoeba somxeTisgan yarabaRis sakiTxSi garkveul daTmobebs elodeba. yvelaze cudi, rac SeiZleba somxeTisTvis moxdes, `mSvidobis iZulebaa~. anu yarabaRis konfliqtis daregulirebaSi CarTuli sami Zlieri moTamaSe _ ruseTi, evropa da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi TurqeTTan erTad gadawyveten, rom Tavad `moagvaron~ yarabaRis konfliqti. ukanasknel xans ruseT-TurqeTisa da ruseT-azerbaijanis urTierTobebSi uprecedento daTboba SeiniSneba. ruseTi ki is faqtoria, romelsac SeuZlia somxeTs da azerbaijans `mSvidoba aiZulos~. 24 noembers, miunxenSi alievisargsianis Sexvedris Semdeg oriode dReSi azerbaijanis prezidenti rus kolegas Sexvda. alievma da medvedevma yarabaRis konfliqtis mogvarebis prognozebi ganixiles. yarabaRis konfliqti iyo erT-erTi mTavari Tema euTo-s wevri qveynebis sagareo saqmeTa ministrebis Sexvedrazec, romelic aTenSi dekembris dasawyisSi gaimarTa. Zalian mniSvnelovania 6-7 dekembers TurqeTis premier-ministris rejef Taif erdoRanis vaSingtonSi vizitis Sedegebi. cnobilia, rom erdoRani da obama yarabaRzec ilaparakeben. somxeTSi ara mxolod mTiani yarabaRis aRiarebis, aramed status kvos Secvlis aucileblobazec saubroben. gazeT ìravnuk de faqto~-sTvis micemul interviuSi, somxeTis uSiSroebis sabWos mdivanma artur baRdasarianma ganacxada: `somxeTSi arian Zalebi, romelTac status kvos SenarCuneba surT. me amas ar veTanxmebi. es arc somxeTisTvis aris momgebiani da arc azerbaijanisTvis. unda gveyos gambedaoba da problemebis gadawyveta daviwyoT. droebiTi mSvidobis sanacvlod, status kvos SenarCuneba SeiZleba gamarTlebuli iyos, magram aseT SemTxvevaSi, regionSi omis safrTxe damokles maxviliviT mudmivad iarsebebs~.
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foto marika qoCiaSvili
sazogadoeba
fsoni _ ekonomikaze Tu adamianze?!

kazino aayvavebs turizms da moitans mogebas. Tumca, am bizness socialuri riski axlavs, romelsac saxelmwifo ar angariSobs.
marika qoCiaSvili
aq saaTi arsad aris. dro gaCerebulia. fanjrebi isea daburuli, rom SeuZlebelia garCeva _ Ramea Tu ukve gaTenda. quCis xmauri sqel SuSebSi ar aRwevs _ sigaretis kvamlSi Cafluli darbazebi mTlianad mowyvetilia gare samyaros. aq daZabuli simyudrovea. `privat~ magidasTan axalgazrda biWi zis, marto, krupies eTamaSeba. `fiSkebs~ nervulad aTamaSebs. Tvalebi daxuWuli aqvs. etyoba, rom `fiSka~ pirvelad ar uWiravs xelSi _ TiTebs swrafad amoZravebs. Suaxnis qalbatoni, romelzec verasdros
44
warmoidgen, rom kazinoSi TamaSobs, `fiSkebs~ magidaze yris. `ruletkaSi~ burTula daxtis, Semdeg ki nel-nela Cerdeba. daZabuloba matulobs da amasac Tavisi xma aqvs _ nervuli siCumis fonze mxolod moxtunave burTulis da ruletkis triali ismis. qalbatoni kidev ufro wiTldeba. wagebulTa `fiSkebs~ krupie agrovebs da magidis CaRrmavebaSi yris. qalbatoni axal 100-dolarian kupiuras iRebs, krupies isev `fiSkebSi~ ucvlis da TamaSs agrZelebs. es kazinos dauwereli kanonia _ dolarianebi plastmasis rgolebSi icv-
leba, loyebawiTlebuli wagebulebi ki Sin jibegamofxekili brundebian. Tumca, esec saukeTeso SemTxvevaSi _ zogierTi kazinoSi saxl-karsac tovebs. `kazino ar agaSenebs, daqceviT ki dagaqcevs!~ _ ambobs gia, romelic 20 welia, kazinoSi yovel meore dRes mainc TamaSobs. yovel jerze ixsenebs kazinos `sam wess~ (ar ahyve `zamazkas~, anu Tu ar gimarTlebs, droze adeqi, àr iTamaSo mTvralma~, àr gaTamamde, roca igeb~), magram Tavis kontroli dRemde uWirs. saerTo jamSi, ufro meti aqvs datovebuli, vidre waRebuli.
kazino `grand saqarTvelo~, Tbilisi 2009
swored im imediT, rom turistebi ùfro mets datoveben, vidre waiReben~, mTavrobas axali wlidan kanonSi cvlilebebi Seaqvs da SeRavaTebs sTavazobs maT, visac kazinos gaxsna surs. am samTavrobo iniciativis motivi turizmis ganviTarebaa. mTavrobis gaTvliT, magaliTad Savi zRvispireTis kurortebze, turistebis ricxvi gacilebiT gaizrdeba, roca iq kazinoebis biznesi ayvavdeba. biznesmenebi, romlebic baTumsa da qobuleTSi 100-nomrian sastumros aaSeneben, kazinos 10-wlian licenzias bonusad miiReben. aWaraSi dRes es gadasaxadi 250 000 lars Seadgens. maT ki, vinc kazinos wyaltubosa da siRnaRSi gaxsnis, licenzia ufasod ergebaT. amiT mTavroba investorebs am qalaqebSi fulis Casadebad waaxalisebs. kazinos biznesi siRnaRis turistul potencials imaze metad gamoavlens, vidre am istoriuli dasaxlebis `siyvarulis qalaqad~ gamocxadeba. `kopitnaris ganaxlebuli aeroportiT wyaltuboSi saerTaSoliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
riso reisebiT ucxoeli moTamaSeebi Cavlen. amiT wyaltubo SeiZleba lasvegasis tipis qalaqad gadaiqces~, _ seriozuli saxiT acxadeben cvlilebis iniciatorebi. `ruletka~ kazinoebis sasargeblod meored trialdeba. am bizness ganviTarebis Sansi vardebis revoluciamdel saqarTveloSic hqonda. maSin aq 20-mde kazino arsebobda. iuristi zura maraqveliZe, romelic im dros prezidentis saparlamento mdivani iyo, ixsenebs, rom rodesac TurqeTsa da azerbaijanSi es biznesi aikrZala, prezidenti SeSinda, rom profesionali moTamaSeebi fuls qveynidan sazRvargareT gaitandnen. am absurduli mizeziT prezidenti SevardnaZe kazinoebis gauqmebis iniciativiT gamovida, magram parlamentma misi winadadeba Caagdo. àm biznesis mTavari daniSnuleba sinamdvileSi sapirispiroa, SeaTxelos klientebis jibeebi, gansakuTrebiT ki _ turistebis~, _ ambobs maraqveliZe. kazinoebis 99% xelisuflebis Secvlis Semdeg mainc daixura. axalma xelisuflebam am biznesisTvis salicenzio gadasaxadi daawesa. magaliTad, TbilisSi kazinos gaxsnis msurvels biznesis dasawyebad licenziisTvis 5 milioni lari unda gadaexada. amas daemata yovelkvartluri fiqsirebuli gadasaxadic TiToeul magidaze 15-dan 30 aTas laramde. am biznesma arseboba veRar SeZlo da nel-nela kazinoebis ricxvi Semcirda. bolo dromde erTi kazino, àWara~ ganagrZobda arsebobas. axla ki procesi isev gamococxlda. miuxeda-
vad imisa, rom TbilisSi licenziebze SeRavaTebi ar dawesebula, dedaqalaqSi noembris bolos mesame kazino gaixsna da momaval wels kazino `berikonis~ axlidan gaxsnac igegmeba. ekonomikis eqspertebi miiCneven, rom es, savaraudod, ucxoelebis mxridan interesis gazrdam gamoiwvia. am interess kidev ufro metad grZnoben baTumSi. aWaris turizmisa da kurortebis departamentis Tavmjdomare, Temur diasamiZe varaudobs, rom momaval wels baTums, SesaZloa, kidev 2-3 kazino daematos. departaments ukve daTvlili aqvs isic, rom yovel SabaT-kviras TurqeTidan sarfis sabaJoze saTamaSod 2 aTasamde adamiani gadmodis. àmas xels uwyobs isic, rom TurqeTTan uvizo reJimi gvaqvs. anu es Zalian momgebiani ideaa. Tanac TiTo aTas dolarze, rasac es adamianebi kazinoSi xarjaven, as dolars damatebiT sxva raRacebSi ixdian, dawyebuli Tambaqodan, damTavrebuli sastumroTi~, _ ambobs saqarTvelos biznes asociaciis vice-prezidenti giorgi isakaZe. is miiCnevs, rom es mniSvnelovani ekonomikuri Semosavali iqneba qveynisTvis. igegmeba Carteruli reisebis daniSvnac israelidan saqarTveloSi. oqtomberSi 2 aseTi reisiT daaxloebiT 250 adamiani baTumSi swored kazinoSi saTamaSod Cafrinda. ucxoelebis xSiri vizitebis mizezi isaa, rom mezobel qveynebSi radikalurad icvleba damokidebuleba kazinoebis mimarT. azerbaijanSi 5-6 wlis win prezidentma heidar alievma, rogorc amboben, saTamaSo biznesi imis
foto marika qoCiaSvili
kazino ìveria~, Tbilisi 2009
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sazogadoeba
gamo gaauqma, rom mis vaJs TamaSisTvis Tavi daenebebina. somxeTic 2013 wlidan kazinoebs mxolod sam regionSi dauSvebs. ruseTSi ki saTamaSo biznesi ukve mkacrad zonirebulia. ès biznesi Zalian araeTikuria. kanonier qurdobas udris~, _ miaCniaT ruseTis dumaSi da ivlisidan dawyebuli TamaSs mxolod qveynis 4 regionSi uSveben, akrZalvis zonaSi moskovic moeqca. am fonze saqarTvelos marTlac aqvs Sansi, iqces somexi, azerbaijaneli da rusi moTamaSeebisTvis namdvil samoTxed da isini ara mxolod saTamaSod, aramed kazinoebis mmarTvelebadac Camovidnen. amis magaliTi ukve arsebobs _ axlad gaxsnil kazino `grand saqarTvelos~ erT-erTi menejeri ruseTis moqalaqea. saqarTvelos mTavroba gamoricxavs kazinoebis erT-erT mTavar risks _ fulis gaTeTrebis safrTxes, rac 1998 wels Turquli kazinoebis masobrivi daxurvis mizezi gaxda. TurqeTSi 11 wlis win gamoaaSkaraves, rom kazino korufciis wyarod da arale-
nons, unda gaaanalizos, SeZlebs Tu ara amis gakontrolebas. amerikaSi centsac ver moiparav. iq kompiuteruli sistemaa da seriozuli dakvirveba xdeba. aq ramdenad moxerxdeba aseTi kontroli, ar vici~. giorgi isakaZe ki acxadebs: `Tu fulis gaTeTrebaze vlaparakobT, gamodis, pirdapir vakeTebT imis deklarirebas, rom Cveni saxelmwifo struqturebia susti. me ki vambob sawinaaRmdegos. es procesi imdenad kontroldeba, rom meeWveba, ase moxdes. fulis gaTeTrebis milioni sqema arsebobs da maSin biznesi ver gagvikeTebia?!~ finansuri riskis garda, ganviTarebul qveynebSi kazinoebs socialuri problemebis wyarodac miiCneven. TamaSi iq iseTive damokidebulebad miiCneva, rogorc narkomanoba an alkoholizmi. am saxelmwifoebSi problemas aRiareben da arsebobs terminic _ "Problem Gambler". `qarTvelebic arian azartulebi, magram gaWirvebam maT meti gamocdi-
`wyaltubo SeiZleba las-vegasis tipis qalaqad gadaiqces~, _ seriozuli saxiT acxadeben cvlilebis iniciatorebi.
galurad naSovni fulis gaTeTrebis saSualebad iqca, raSic politikosebic iyvnen CarTulebi. mas Semdeg TurqeTSi yvelanairi saTamaSo biznesi aikrZala, mcire slot klubebis CaTvliT. kazino ZiriTadad or SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba iqces fulis gaTeTrebis saSualebad _ rodesac saxelmwifo berketebi da kontroli sustia, anda rodesac amiT dainteresebulia vinme Tavad xelisuflebaSi. swored imis gamo, rom saxelmwifo berketebi iyo susti da korumpirebul garigebebSi TviTon xelisuflebis warmomadgenlebi iyvnen CarTulni, qarTveli eqspertebi varaudoben, rom SevardnaZis dros kazino marTlac SeiZleboda yofiliyo fulis gaTeTrebis saSualeba. axla gamarTuli sagadasaxado sistemis gamo, es riski mcirdeba. Tumca, meore safrTxe Teoriulad mainc rCeba. iurist zurab maraqveliZis azriT, `xelisuflebam, romelic iRebs am ka46
leba Semata _ rTul situaciaSi cdiloben martivi gamosavali ar naxon. TamaSi CvenTan realuri problema ar aris. ar mgonia, axalgazrdoba damokidebuli iyos amaze. miT umetes, rom slot klubebs vuzrdiT gadasaxadebs da maTi raodenoba ukve Semcirda~, _ acxadebs irakli RvalaZe. Tumca, slot klubebis raodenobis Semcireba maTi mflobelebisTvis ufroa problema, vidre moTamaSeebisTvis. RvalaZis argumenti arakompetenturad JRers, radgan saqarTveloSi ar Catarebula aranairi kvleva gasarTob centrebSi mosiarule adamianebze. rTulia imis gansazRvra, Tu ra asakobrivi jgufis adamianebi dadian kazinoebsa da slot klubebSi, vin risTvis TamaSobs, ramdens agebs iq da damokidebulia Tu ara TamaSze. vin aris moTamaSec da paralelurad narkomanic an alkoholikic. ramdeni maTgania dausaqmebeli da, Sesabamisad, ramdenisTvis warmoadgens kazino saarsebo wyaros. Tumca, nebismier kazi-
nosa da slot klubSi arsebuli suraTidan gamomdinare, rTuli ar aris vivaraudoT, rom iq dadian rogorc mdidrebi, aseve Raribebic; mdidrebi _ gasarTobad, Raribebi ki fulis `saSovnelad~. kazino àWaras~ dReSi 1000-1200 adamiani stumrobs da bevrs etyoba, rom ukanaskneli TeTriT Sedis saTamaSod, im imediT, rom TeTrebs qaRaldis fulad gadaaqcevs. fsiqologi nana CaCua miiCnevs, rom TamaSze damokidebulTa mdgomareoba bolo dros katastrofuli gaxda da gaaTmagda im adamianTa ricxvi, romlebic mas dasaxmareblad mimarTaven. `roca 20-mde adamiani am problemiT fsiqologTan midis, es niSnavs, rom kidev ufro mets aqvs problema, radgan, rogorc wesi, adamianebis umravlesoba amaze fiqrs gaurbis, problemad ar aRiarebs da arc fsiqologis daxmarebas iTxovs~. am kontrasts britaneTSic adastureben. mxolod SarSan, statistikis mixedviT, did britaneTSi `problemur moTamaSeTa~ cxel xazze 50 aTasma adamianma iTxova daxmareba, TamaSis seriozuli problema ki 300 aTasze mets hqonda. britaneTSi uamravi organizacia zrunavs im adamianebze, vinc TamaSze damokidebuli xdeba. arsebobs prevenciuli programebi, rom axalgazrda Taobas alternatiuli, ufro janmrTeli, gasarTobi an saganmanaTleblo proeqti SesTavazon. jer kidev gaumarTavi jandacvis sistemis gamo, CvenTan ar arsebobs arc erTi sareabilitacio centri, romelic problemur moTamaSeebze izrunebda. es funqcia garkveulwilad qalTa klub `peons~ aqvs SeTavsebuli, romelic reabilitaciis programas narkomanebs sTavazobs, magram maTi pacientebis 90 procenti moTamaSec aris. is, rom TamaSi narkotikia da iseTsave ltolvas iwvevs, rogorsac wamali, arc moTamaSeebi uaryofen. ìseTi kaifi moaqvs, rom rTulia amisTvis Tavis danebeba~, _ ambobs gia. saTamaSo biznesis ayvaveba mTavrobas turizmis ganviTarebisTvis mniSvnelovnad miaCnia. es momgebiani iqneba qveynis biujetisTvisac. Tumca, ekonomikuri brunvis zrdas sxva paraleluri procesebic axlavs, romelTa ignorirebis gamo, erTi mxriv, riskis qveS swored ekonomikuri sargebeli dgeba, meore mxriv ki _ adamianTa fsiqikuri janmrTeloba.
sazogadoeba
ilustracia ana tabataZe
genderuli disbalansi
gamqrali gogoebi
sqesTa Tanafardobis darRveviT saqarTvelo msoflioSi pirvel adgilzea. 2008 wlis monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi yovel 100 gogonaze 128 biWi ibadeba. mecnierebi am monacems sqesobrivi diskriminaciis indikatorad ganixilaven da seleqtiur abortebTan da infanticidTan, anu axalSobilTa mkvlelobebTan, akavSireben.
Tiko comaia
sxvadasxva monacemiT, msoflioSi 60dan 107 milionamde gogoa gamqrali. mosaxleobis raodenobidan gamomdinare, yvelaze maRali maCvenebeli indoeTsa da CineTs aqvT. Tumca, procentuli daangariSebiT kavkasiis qveynebi siis saTaveSi arian. eqspertebis azriT, sqesebs Soris Tanafardobis darRveva orsulobis adreul diagnostikas ukavSirdeba. ultrabgeriTi gamokvleva nayofis
sqesis dadgenisa da arasasurveli sqesis nayofis moSorebis saSualebas iZleva. ase gaCnda `gamqrali gogoebis~ cneba im qveynebSi, sadac sazogadoeba biWebis mimarT aris mikerZoebuli. Tanafardoba sqess Soris saqarTveloSi 1994 wlidan irRveva. swored am periodSi daiwyo CvenTan ultrasonoskopiis praqtika. aRiarebulia, rom axalSobilebSi sqesTa normaluri ganawilebisas yo-
vel 100 gogonaze 104-107 biWi unda modiodes. CineTSi yovel 100 gogoze 122 biWi ibadeba, saqarTveloSi ki 2008 wlis maCvenebelma CineTisas gauswro da 100 gogonaze 128 biWi Seadgina. demografiis eqspertis gia wulaZis TqmiT, CineTis monacemebi saxelmwifo demografiuli politikiT aixsneba, romelic erTi bavSvis gaCenazea mimarTuli. sazogadoebac vaJze orientirebulia, qalis roli ki dakninebulia.
47
sazogadoeba
sasurveli Svili - biWi
yvela gamokiTxuli eqoskopisti adasturebs, rom biWis yolis survili gansakuTrebiT gamZafrebulia mamebSi. `kacebs ufro xSirad biWi undaT, Tumca yofila, rom gogoc gaxarebiaT, pirveli _ gansakuTrebiT~, _ ambobs mkalaviSvili. saSa faCuaSvili: `kacebis 90 procents calsaxad biWi unda. qalebSi igive variantia, oRond piriqiT~. saqarTvelos sazogadoebriv saqmeTa institutis studentebis mier quCaSi gamokiTxuli 48 adamianidan 57 procents urCevnia hyavdes biWi, vidre gogo. gamokiTxulTagan naxevars kacebi Seadgendnen. 24 kacidan biWis yolis survili 66-ma procentma gamoTqva, qalebSi es survili odnav ufro Sesustebuli iyo (45 %). 58 wlis qeTinos unda biWi hyavdes, radgan biWi Zlieri sqesis warmomadgenelia da gvaris gamgrZelebelia. 37 wlis giasTvis kaci ojaxis Tavia da yvela sferoSi lideria. 4 wlis lado ki ambobs, rom masac, rom gaizrdeba, biWi eyoleba, radganac biWis yola yvela kacis ocnebaa. gamokiTxulTa 25 procenti ambobs, rom urCevnia hyavdes gogo. gogonebi ufro sayvarlebi arian da advili gasazrdelebic, _ ambobs 43 wlis neli. 27 wlis lias azriT, gogonebi ufro sandoni arian mSoblebisTvis. 22 wlis anasac gogo urCevnia, radgan gogoebi dedebs exmarebian. sabaxtaraSvilis azriT, dRes saqarTveloSi Svilosnobis problema martivad wydeba. Svili ganixileba, rogorc xarji da ara rogorc dovlaTis Semqmneli. àmaze xmamaRla uWirT laparaki, Tumca Svils iseTive datvirTva aqvs, rac saxedars; xazi esmeba mis saWiroebas~, _ ambobs sabaxtaraSvili.
iq gogonebi qrebian im fonze, rom zogadad Sobadoba mcirdeba, CvenTan ki gogonebsa da biWebs Soris disbalansi gazrdili Sobadobis fonze mimdinareobs. am paradoqsuli monacemis Rrma analizi saTanado kvlevebis gareSe SeuZlebelia. amitom specialistebi mxolod varaudoben, rom CvenTan an dabadebulTa aRricxva ar xdeba srulad, rac gamqrali gogonebis raodenobas zrdis; anda gogonebs, rogorc arasasurvel nayofs, dedebi seleqtiuri abortebiT gamiznulad iSoreben. `Tu am versias gavyvebiT, yovelwliurad saqarTveloSi 2000-ze meti qali, Svilis arasasurveli sqesis gamo, mizanmimarTulad unda ikeTebdes aborts~, _ ambobs wulaZe. statistikis saxelmwifo departamentis monacemebiT, 2007 wels saqarTveloSi 20.000-mde aborti gakeTda. sxvadasxva gaTvliT, abortebis ricxvi dafiqsirebulze 4-jer metia, radgan jer kidev xSiria aralegaluri abortebis SemTxvevebic. saqarTvelos kanoni janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb adgens, rom orsulobis nebayoflobiTi Sewyveta nebadarTulia, Tu orsulobis xangrZlivoba ar aRemateba Tormet kviras; 12 kviris Semdeg ki aborti nebadarTulia mxolod samedicino da socialuri Cvenebebis mixedviT. Sesabamisad maT, visac biWis gaCena surT, sqesis dadgena 12 kviramde eCqarebaT. rac Seexeba sqesis SerCevis sakiTxs, qarTuli kanonmdebloba krZalavs mxolod xelovnuri Casaxvis meTodebis gamoyenebas, sqesis SerCevis mizniT, Tumca araferia naTqvami, amave mizniT abortebis akrZalvis Sesaxeb. eTikis erovnuli sabWos Tavmjdomaris, givi javaSvilis TqmiT, es Tema dRemde arc eTikis komisiis ganxilvis sagani gamxdara. profesor zurab sabaxtaraSvilis TqmiT, yofila SemTxvevebi, roca ori gogonas mSoblebs, Tu mesame biWi ar uCndebodaT, gamouTqvamT abortis gakeTebis survili. `magram es mxolod empiriuli dakvirvebaa, romelsac zurgs saTanado kvlevebi ver umagrebs~, _ ambobs is. Cven mier gamokiTxuli xuTi eqoskopisti ki erTxmad aRiarebs, rom maT klientebs Soris TiTqmis yvelas ainteresebs bavSvis sqesi, umravlesobas ki biWis yola surs.
eqimi radiologi sergo maTiTaSvili ambobs, rom gasasinjad masTan dReSi 20-mde orsuli midis. 10 pacientidan rvas sqesi ainteresebs. maTiTaSvilis TqmiT, Svilis sqesi gansakuTrebiT regionebSi ainteresebT. axal teqnologiebSi gauTviTcnobierebeli mosaxleobisTvis eqoskopiis saWiroeba mxolod sqesis dadgeniT Semoifargleba. àmis gamo xSirad Civian Cveni kolegebi regionebidan~, _ ambobs maTiTaSvili. Tumca msgavsi eTikuri sakiTxebi arc samedicino konferenciebze ganuxilavT. tatiSvilis saxelobis sakonsultacio endoskopiis centrsac dReSi saSualod 20-mde orsuli akiTxavs. eqimi radiologi qeTevan mkalaviSvili ambobs, rom mis klientebs adre ufro xSirad, magram axlac ainteresebT xolme bavSvis sqesi, arasasurveli sqesis gamo aborti rom gaikeTon. aseTi pacientebi ar malaven, ratom undaT sqesis gageba. `me rom ar vuTxra, sxva etyvis, verc davumalavT, eqoskopistis movaleoba ar aris damalva, aramed realobis aRweraa~, _ ambobs mkalaviSvili. centris xelmZRvaneli saSa faCuaSvili praqtikaze dayrdnobiT ambobs, rom abortis gakeTebis mizniT sqesis dadgena klientebis 20 procents ainteresebs. aseTi SemTxvevebi TviTonac hqonia, ris gamoc, uari ganucxadebia momsaxurebis gawevazec da gasamrjelozec. `roca mivmxvdarvar, risTvis ainteresebT sqesi, aRar damiweria pasuxi. es iqneboda Cemi monawileoba mkvlelobaSi~, _ ambobs faCuaSvili. daviT vasaZe `janmrTelobis saxlis~ erT-erTi eqoskopistia. misi TqmiT, 18 kviris Semdeg ukve TvalnaTliv Cans sqesi. ambobs, rom sqesis dadgena eqoskopiiT ufro adrec SeiZleba: `klientebs principulad ar veubnebi adreuli orsulobis periodSi sqess. amas mxolod maSin vakeTeb, roca vici, rom es misi pirveli orsulobaa da bavSvs namdvilad gaaCens. Tu ganmeorebiTi orsulobaa, maSin ar veubnebi, radgan vici _ Tu erTi gogo hyavs da biWi unda, gogos SemTxvevaSi, wava da aborts gaikeTebs. es Cemi piradi Sexedulebaa _ ar vuwyob xels abortebs, _ ambobs vasaZe. `janmrTelobis saxli~ ki zogadad imiT aris cnobili, rom 10-11 kviris orsulTa gamokvlevas axdens sqesis dadgeniT. amis Sesaxeb informacias TavianT sareklamo teqstebSic miuTiliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
48
gilocavT axal 2010 wels!
sazogadoeba
Teben. savaraudod, gamokvleva centrisaTvis maRalSemosavliania: centrs dReSi saSualod 20-mde qali mimarTavs. gamokvlevis fasi ki 50 laria. am klinikaSi sqess naadrevad adgens direqtoris moadgile, amiran gurgeniZe. is ambobs, rom pacientebi, marTalia, adreuli orsulobisas xSirad mimarTaven, magram iSviaTad iSoreben nayofs. gurgeniZe imasac uSvebs, rom sqesis 11 kviraze dadgenisas, SesaZloa, Secdomac moxdes: `Tu ver vxedav sqess, asec veubnebi da mogvianebiT vibareb eqoskopiaze. ar vici aseTi faqtebi CvenTan yofila Tu ara, magram uSecdomo adamiani ar arsebobs~, _ ambobs gurgeniZe. `100-dan mxolod erT dedas ar unda gaigos Svilis sqesi. Cemi azriT, es swori ar aris, mec mainteresebda vin iqneboda, bolos da bolos, biWs sxvanairad eferebi, gogos sxvanairad~, _ dasZens is. gurgeniZis azriT, radgan moTxovna sqesis dadgenaze maRalia, mis akrZalvas azri ar eqneba. sqesis adreuli diagnostikisTvis mniSvnelovania eqimis kvalifikacia da gamocdileba. xolo is eqimebi, romlebic mSoblebs 18 kviramde nayofis sqess ar umxelen, ubralod, ver xedaven. genderuli diskriminacia saqarTveloSi genderul diskriminacias sazogadoebaSi arsebuli genderuli stereotipebi ganapirobebs. sazogadoebebs, sadac maRalia qalTa mimarT diskriminacia, patriarqaluri kultura aerTianebT. aseT sazogadoebaSi biWi gogosTan SedarebiT metad dafasebuli da sasurvelia. `saqarTveloSi genderuli diskriminacia rom problemaa, ori azri ar arsebobs~, _ ambobs fsiqologi marina CitaSvili da magaliTad jandacvis da ganaTlebis sfero mohyavs, sadac dasaqmebulTa absoluturi umravlesoba qalebia, xolo gadawyvetilebis mimRebi ki _ ramdenime kaci. filosofosi lela gafrindaSvili fiqrobs, rom Cveni sazogadoebis ganwyobebi da moTxovnilebebi fesvgamdgar patriarqalur kulturaze miuTiTebs. genderis eqspertis nana berekaSvilis TqmiT, rac ufro tradiciulia sazogadoeba, miT ufro Zlieria genderuli stereotipebis roli, sadac qalisa da kacis Tvisebebi da maT mier Sesrulebuli rolebi mkacrad aris gansazRvruli da erTimeoris sapiris50
pirod miiCneva. magaliTad, genderuli stereotipis mixedviT, qali unda iyos rbili da damTmobi, xolo mamakaci agresiuli da uxeSi, qalis adgili saxlSia, kacs ki aqvs gadaadgilebis Tavisufleba. genderuli stereotipebi safuZvels uqmnis seqsizms, anu adamianTa sqesis mixedviT diskriminacias. fsiqologiaSi cnobilia e.w. `siZulvilis piramidis~ modeli, romelic gveubneba, rom yovelgvari Zaladoba uTanasworobaze agebuli stereotipebidan iwyeba, _ ambobs berekaSvili. saqarTveloSi gavrcelebuli genderuli stereotipebis detaluri kvleva TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, radganac safuZvliani kvlevebi am Temaze arc Catarebula. kavkasiis kvleviTi resursebis centrma 2007 wels 1500 piris gamokiTxa, ris Sedegadac aRmoCnda, rom zogierT qcevasTan mimarTebaSi, rogoricaa sigaretis moweva, qorwinebamde sqesobrivi urTierTobebis damyareba, qalebs orjer ufro ufro mkacr SezRudvebs uyeneben, vidre mamakacebs. eqspertebi varaudoben, rom sele-
qtiuri abortebisTvis safuZvels genderuli stereotipebi qmnis. da rom gogonebisadmi aseT usamarTlo damokidebulebas SeiZleba qalebis ganaTlebiTa da maTi ekonomikuri gaZlierebiT eSvelos. idea is aris, rom SeZlebuli da ganaTlebuli mSoblebi gogonebis aRzrdaSic iseve daabandeben fuls, rogorc biWebSi. yvela strategia qveynis kulturul-socialuri Taviseburebebidan gamomdinareobs da individualuria. magaliTad, indoeTSi qalis mxolod ekonomikurad gaZliereba ar aris sakmarisi diskriminaciis Sesamcireblad. ekonomikurad Zlieri, magram gaunaTlebeli qali kidev ufro metad uwyobs xels genderuli stereotipebis damkvidrebas. uTanasworobis da diskriminaciis daZleva qalTa ganaTlebis gareSe SeuZlebelia. saqarTveloSi arsebuli problemebic individualurad, kvlevisa da gansjis safuZvelze unda gadawydes.
masalis momzadebaSi monawileoba miiRo elene cincaZem
sxva qveynebis gamocdileba: gansxvaveba da msgavseba

indoeTSi mravali wyvili mzad aris, Sewyvitos arasasurveli sqesis orsuloba, rac ZiriTadad qorwinebis tradicias ukavSirdeba. qalis gaTxoveba ojaxisTvis didZal danaxarjTan aris dakavSirebuli. indoeTSi ultrasonografiis reklama aseTia: `gadaixade 5000 rupia dRes da moige 500 000 xval~. CineTSic da indoeTSic sqesis Sesaxeb mSoblebis informireba muclad yofnis periodSi ukanonod iTvleba. sqesTan dakavSirebuli abortebi akrZalulia, Tumca praqtika farTod aris gavrcelebuli da damnaSaveebi iSviaTad isjebian. indoeTSi Catarebulma kvlevebma aCvena, rom mSoblebisTvis gogonebi nakleb Rirebulni arian, rac yofiT detalebSic mJRavndeba. magaliTad, veli sqesis Svils. aseve, aRmoCnda, rom indoeTSi gamqrali gogoebis ricxvi gacilebiT metia mdidar regionebSi: meti fuli, ganaTleba, sazogadoebis umaRlesi kastis wevroba mxolod zrdis ojaxSi qaliSvilebis mimarT gamoxatul diskriminacias. ganaTlebul da SeZlebul qalebs iseTive survilebi aqvT, rac gaunaTlebel da Rarib qalebs. gansxvaveba is aris, rom Tu Rarib ojaxSi, sadac 7 Svili hyavT, gogos dabadeba imedgacruebas iwvevs, SeZlebul ojaxSi, sadac ZiriTadad 2-3 Svili Cndeba, gogos dabadeba tragediaa. mikerZoeba gogonebis winaaRmdeg ramdenime ganviTarebul, mdidar da ganaTlebul qveyanaSic SeiniSneba, maT Soris _ samxreT koreaSi, taivansa da singapurSi.
bebiaqalebs mxolod biWis dabadebis SemTxvevaSi Cuqnian fuls. amasTan, gulgriloba yvela qaliSvilze rodi vrceldeba. indoeTSi pirveli gogo iseTive faseulia, rogorc misi Zmebi, rac ar vrceldeba danarCen qaliSvilebze. pirveli gogos dabadebis Semdeg kvlavac aris Sansi, rom Semdegi biWi gaCndes, magram es Sansi sul ufro mcirdeba yoveli Semdegi gogonas dabadebis Semdeg. mSoblebi ki yovel jerze daZabulebi elian sasur-
saubrebi liberalizmze
elitisturi liberalizmi
saqarTvelos xelisuflebis idea nacionaluri esTetikis zemodan Secvlaa. es ki, pirvel rigSi, modernizebuli saxelmwifo institutebis da nacionaluri ideologiis Seqmnas gulisxmobs.
giorgi cxadaia
liberalizmis rubrikis pirveli Temebis zogadi ideis gamosakveTad imaze vilaparakeb, Tu ris Sesaxeb ar iqneba rubrika. magaliTad, Cven ar vimsjelebT imis Sesaxeb, Tu romeli saxelmwifoebrivi wyobileba ufro marTebulia: liberalur-demokratiuli Tu avtoritaruli; arc imaze, Tu liberalizmis rogori gageba arsebobda ingliseli filosofosis, jon lokis dros; arc im Teoriul sakiTxebs mimovixilavT, romlebic liberalizmisa da konservatizmis dapirispirebas gansazRvravda sxvadasxva epoqaSi amerikasa an evropaSi. Cven ar gvainteresebs arc is gamzadebuli Teoriuli sqemebi, romlebsac ganviTarebadi qveynebisTvis gamoscemen xolme dasavluri arasamTavrobo Tu samTavrobo organizaciebi; SedarebiT met interess daimsaxurebs iseTi kritikuli Teoriuli sakiTxebi, romlebsac adgilobriv situacias SevusabamebT. Cveni msjelobebi ar iqneba Teoriuli mniSvnelobebisgan daclili, Tumca, ZiriTadad aqcenti gakeTdeba saqarTveloSi arsebuli politikuri da socialuri realobis kritikasa da Sesabamisi ideologiuri safuZvlebis analizze. bunebrivia, rom gagviWirdeba problemebisa da ideebis mxolod qarTul konteqstSi ganxilva da mTel rig SemTxvevebSi mogviwevs regionuli an globaluri movlenebis Cveneul analizSi CarTva. ufro metic, Cveni mizania iseTi Tanmimdevruli libeliberali . dekemberi 14 . 2009
raluri kritikis SemoTavazeba, romelic aqtualuri iqneba rogorc qarTul, aseve globalur konteqstSi. imisaTvis, rom is zogadi Temebi gamovkveTo, romlebzec am rubrikis ganmavlobaSi vimsjelebT, qarTuli sociopolitikuri realobis Cemeul mokle analizs SemogTavazebT. SesaZloa, momavalSi es Temebi sxva ufro yuradsaRebi sakiTxebiT ganvavrcoT, Tumca Cveni sawyisi Canafiqri mkiTxvelisTvis rom naTeli gaxdes, saWirod mimaCnia, rom liberalizmis rubrika swored aseTi formiT warvadgino. liberalizmi sxva ideologiebisgan imiT gamoirCeva, rom amosaval wertilad iRebs individis Tavisuflebas. liberalisTvis mniSvnelovania garkveuli institutebi, reformebi, ideologiebi imdenad, ramdenadac isini pasuxoben kerZo piris, sruluflebiani moqalaqeebis saWiroebebs da miznebs. liberalizmisTvis safrTxes warmoadgens ara mxolod Zaladobrivi institutebis TviTneburi qmedebebi (mag.: Zalovani struqturebis), aramed umravlesobis azric, radgan rogorc frangi moazrovne aleqsis de tokvili ityoda, rodesac Zalauflebis msaxvral xels Cem Tavze vgrZnob, naklebad maRelvebs vin aris is, vinc mCagravs. tokvili miiCnevda, rom demokratiis pirobebSi, SesaZloa, mCagvrelad iqces is umravlesoba, romelic saerTo Sexedulebebs iziarebs, xolo umciresoba ki marginalizebuli
gaxdes. SesaZloa, moxdes piriqiTac: umciresobam daCagros umravlesoba. damoukideblobis mopovebis Semdeg saqarTveloSi liberalebad is adamianebi miiCneodnen, vinc sabazro ekonomikuri Tavisuflebis, pirovnebis Tavisuflebisa da modernizaciis ideebs uWerdnen mxars. isini ZiriTadad arasamTavrobo seqtorSi iyvnen Tavmoyrilni da sxva sazogadoebrivi jgufebisgan imiT gamoirCeodnen, rom gmobdnen Sovinistur, nepotistur da tradiciul morals. es dapirispireba iyo ara wminda ideologiuri (liberalebi konservatorebis winaaRmdeg), aramed ufro geopolitikuri da esTetikuri, Tu SeiZleba rom ase vuwodoT. rodesac aRniSnuli arasamTavroboebis warmomadgenlebi xelisuflebaSi movidnen, maTi es liberalizmi gaxda Tanmimdevruli, rogorc ideologia da iqca memarjvene liberalizmad. manamde isini ubralod ebrZodnen SevardnaZis reJims da dasavluri Rirebulebebis damkvidrebas cdilobdnen. xelisuflebaSi yofnis ganmavlobaSi ki garkveuli ideologia SeimuSaves, romliTac qveyana unda emarTaT. Cveni rubrikis CarCoSi vecdebiT, rom swored es sakiTxi gavSaloT da uaryofiT kritikasTan erTad pozitiur ideebzec gavamaxviloT yuradReba. vinaidan xelisuflebis politika dafuZnebuli iyo saxelmwifoebrivi institutebis Senebaze, is TavisTa51
saubrebi liberalimze sazogadoeba
vad gaxda antiliberaluri, radgan aqcenti keTdeboda abstraqtul ideebze da ara adamianebze. Seiqmna garkveuli tipis dogmebic, romlebic marTalia, memarjvene liberaluri ideologiebisgan aiRes, magram arsebiTad sabWoTa azrovnebis kategoriebiT Seqmnil konstruqciebs warmoadgenda. magaliTad, aviRoT xelisuflebis mTavari ekonomikuri politikis _ libertarianizmis da ekonomikuri memarjveneobis ideebi. kaxa benduqiZe, romelic am ideebis mTavari apologetia, miiCnevs, rom rac ufro naklebad Caereva saxelmwifo bazarSi, miT
litikur Zalas warmoadgenen saqarTveloSi. Tumca es liberaluroba maTTvis ara Tanasworobis da Tavisuflebis ideebis mxardaWerasa da demokratiuli institutebis gaZlierebaSi, aramed garkveuli tipis esTetikis dominirebaSi gamoixateba. maTi es esTetika modis xelisuflebasTan asocirebuli arxebidan, mTavrobis piar kampaniebidan da aris dasavluri. sinamdvileSi, aranairi principuli gansxvaveba ar arsebobs, magaliTad, axlandel sazogadoebriv mauwyebelsa da SevardnaZis droindel mauwyebels
saakaSvilma ganacxada, rom Cven gvWirdeba samxedro-patriotuli aRzrda, da rom xelisuflebis mizania nato-Si da evrokavSirSi Sesvla. TiTqos xalxi koleqtiurad unda Seicvalos, unda gaverTiandeT da ase SevabijoT diad dasavlur ojaxSi, ise, rogorc komunisti liderebi apirebdnen komunizmSi Sebijebas. am ritorikaSi ki ikargeba adamiani (moqalaqe, individi...), swored im evropuli liberalizmis mTavari sazrunavi, romelic saakaSvils miuwvdomel ocnebad warmoudgenia. xelisuflebis msgavsi ritorika mxolod ritorikis doneze ar rCeba da
xelisuflebaSi Tvlidnen da Tvlian, rom yvelaze liberalur politikur Zalas warmoadgenen. Tumca es liberaluroba maTTvis ara demokratiuli institutebis gaZlierebaSi, aramed garkveuli tipis esTetikis dominirebaSi gamoixateba.
ufro metad ganviTardeba ekonomika. aRniSnuli idea mkacrad rigidulia da ara pragmatuli. TiTqos adamianebis keTildReobas gansazRvravs Cvengan damoukidebeli sabazro kanonebi, romelTa muSaobaSi Carevac araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba. Sesabamisad, miviReT xelisuflebis ekonomikuri politika, romelic bolo xanebSi miRebul Tavisuflebis aqtSi gamoixata da saxelmwifos mier bazris muSaobaSi Carevas maqsimalurad zRudavs. amgvari ekonomikuri politika, SesaZloa, sulac ar iyos pragmatuli im gagebiT, rom Tanamedrove msoflioSi arsebulma tendenciebma swored saxelmwifos gazrdili roli moiTxovos. iseve, rogorc es moxda amerikaSi obamas arCevis Semdgom. evropis umravlesi saxelmwifoebis ekonomikuri politika ki saerTod socialuri sabazro ekonomikis ideebs efuZneba, rac swored bazris muSaobaSi saxelmwifos Carevas gulisxmobs. CvenTan msgavsi ukiduresi libertarianizmi (libertarianizmi aris ideologia, romelic bazris srul Tavisuflebas qadagebs), rac unda gasakviri iyos, postsabWoTa azrovnebis Sedegia, Tu ratom, amaze ufro dawvrilebiT momavalSi visaubrebT. socialuri gardaqmnebic xelisuflebisTvis erTgvari proeqtia, romelic zemodan unda ganxorcieldes. xelisuflebaSi Tvlidnen da Tvlian, rom isini yvelaze liberalur po52
Soris. erTaderTi, rac Seicvala aris is, rom garkveul aspeqtebSi esTetikurad axlandeli pirveli arxi ufro daxvewilad gamoiyureba. liberalizmisa da inkluziurobis (moqalaqeTa farTo masebis CarTvisa da sxvadasxva Sexedulebebis gaTvaliswinebis) kuTxiT bevri araferi Secvlila. xelisufleba sakuTar liberalurobas imiT zomavs, Tu ramdenad proevropuli da prodasavluria. es ki erTgvari Sinagani Tvisebebi da preferenciebia _ magaliTad, rogorc is, rom erTi adamiani `led zepelinis mosmenas aniWebs upiratesobas da meore _ ala pugaCovasi. xelisuflebisTvis ruseTume iseTi adamiania, romelsac rusuli kultura moswons da Sesabamisad esTetikurad arasrulyofilia. TiTqos gamoricxulia, rom adamians rusuli kulturis esTetikac moswondes da amave dros liberalurdemokratiul ideebs uWerdes mxars. mokled, aq liberaluroba srulebiTac ar gulisxmobs imas, rom sityvis da gamoxatvis Tavisufleba, adamianebis sakuTrebis ufleba, mSvidobiani demonstraciebis uflebebi da sxv. daculia, aramed imas, rom dasavluri ganaTlebis mqone magari biWebi (cool guys) unda akontrolebdnen CamorCenil, ruseTume xalxs. xelisuflebis msgavsi elitizmi swored im yvelafris antiTezas warmoadgens, rasac SeiZleba liberalizmi vuwodoT. magaliTad, mixeil
mas realuri gamoZaxilebi aqvs. Sedegad viRebT arapragmatul, iracionalur da, rogorc britaneTis sagareo saqmeTa ministrma, devid milibendma uwoda, TavzexelaRebul (reckless) sagareo politikas, samxedro-militaristul nacionalizms, SezRudul sajaro sivrces da medias, araefeqtur ekonomikur politikas da qveynis gadaqcevas biznes garemod, romelsac menejerebi marTaven. bolos minda aRvniSno, ra mTavari Secdoma dauSves arasamTavrobo da media organizaciebSi gafantulma qarTvelma liberalebma, rodesac xelisuflebaSi maTi TanamebrZolebi movidnen. samwuxarod, bevri maTgani swored im elitisturi nacionalisturi liberalizmis msxverpli gaxda, romelic zemoT davaxasiaTeT. maT daaviwydaT, rom liberaluri azrovneba, pirvel rigSi, imis kritikasa da mudmiv Semowmebas gulisxmobs, vinc Zalauflebas flobs. SevecdebiT, rom yvela es zemoCamoTvlili Tema TandaTanobiT ganvixiloT, arsebuli problemebi da Secdomebi gavaanalizoT da, rac mTavaria, problemebis iseTi gadaWris gzebzec visaubroT, romlebic, Cveni azriT, ufro demokratiuli da liberaluri iqneba; aseve, Zalian mniSvnelovania im mosazrebebis ganxilva da gaTvaliswinebac, romlebsac Tqven _ Jurnalis mkiTxveli liberalis vebgverdze komentarebis saxiT gamoTqvamT.
radio nacnobi gepatiJebaT klubSi nacnobi

tradiciuli qarTuli samzareulo cocxali musika
misamarTi: abanos q. N 3

ლიბერალი, დელემბერი 2009

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