poloneTi lex kaCinskis Semdeg gv. 15 daviT zurabiSvili prezidentis memkvidreze gv. 21 mediamonitoringi: vin qmnis axal ambavs?

gv. 09 VS : 802 100 evro `evroviziaSi~ gv. 10 SiSis, mglisa da cxvrebis Sesaxeb gv. 28 mandaturebi skolaSi _ pirveli dRe gv. 35 gaucnobierebeli mkvleloba gv. 37 gio axvlediani: sania rom Txovdeboda gv. 44

fasi 2 lari # 27 / 19 - 25 aprili / 2010

tvinebis gadineba

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poloneTi glovobs katinTan daRupulebs, varSava, 11 aprili 2010

nomerSi: 02 redaqtori 04 mokled 06 vrclad 08 fotoreportaJi 09 mediamonitoringi vin qmnis axal ambavs? 10 ori azri uRirs Tu ara saqarTvelos `evrovizia~ 802 100 evrod? naTia uznaZe v.s. lado burduli 12 Tvalsazrisi auRelveblad darCena mark maleni 13 mimoxilva gadaudebeli investiciebi televiziebisTvis? fokusi: poloneTi 15 poloneTi lex kaCinskis Semdeg politika 19 opozicia gaCeCilaZis
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

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gareSe Tvalsazrisi WeSmaritebis momenti, anu modelirebuli `qronika~, rogorc ukangamxedvaris winaswarmetyveleba daviT zurabiSvili diskusia saqarTveloruseTis omze saqarTvelos saSinao davaleba Tvalsazrisi konfliqtis faqtobrivi mxare vaxtang janezaSvili Tvalsazrisi miSas msoflio TamaSebi martin nogtoni saubrebi liberalizmze SiSis, mglisa da cxvrebis Sesaxeb ekonomika 2010 wlis starti

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Jurnalisturi gamoZieba nivTmtkiceba anabeWdebis gareSe adamianis uflebebi da samarTali mandaturebi skolaSi pirveli dRe bavSvTa fsiqiatriuli dawesebuleba gaucnobierebeli mkvleloba sazogadoeba tvinebis gadineba subtitrebic da dublirebac kultura misi Zala gamWvirvale... wignebi Tavisufali msoflio sporti sania rom Txovdeboda qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi gamarjoba, iaraRo?

garekanze:
tvinebis gadineba ilustracia: TaTia nadareiSvili wignis saxelosno

Jurnali `liberali~ gamoicema fond `Ria sazogadoeba - saqarTvelos~ mxardaWeriT. avtoris / avtorebis mier sainformacio masalaSi gamoTqmuli mosazreba ar gamoxatavs fondis `Ria sazogadoeba-saqarTvelos~ pozicias. Sesabamisad, fondi ar aris pasuxismgebeli masalis Sinaarsze. The views, opinions and statements expressed by the authors and those providing comments are theirs only and do not necessarily reflect the position of Open Society Georgia Foundation. Therefore, the Open Society Georgia Foundation is not responsible for the content of the information material.

redaqtori

1998 wlis gazafxuli _ es is droa, roca sabolood miviRe gadawyvetileba, romelic sakuTar TavTan gasaCivrebas aRar eqvemdebareboda da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebidan davbrundi saqarTveloSi. amas aSS-s saxelmwifo departamentis mier dafinansebuli saswavlo stipendiis pirobebic mavaldebulebda da amasve moiTxovda Cemgan sakuTari `erovnuli TviTSegneba~ da ojaxi. mas Semdeg xSirad mifiqria erT konkretul sakiTxze _ es iyo Cemi cxovrebis yvelaze swori gadawyvetileba, Tu yvelaze gamousworebeli Secdoma. argumentebi pinebs imis mixedviT ucvlis mdgomareobas, rogorc icvleba garSemo yvelaferi. gadamwyvet momentSi gadawyvetileba samSobloSi ardabrunebis sasargeblod uamravma adamianma miiRo. maTi zusti ricxvi ar arsebobs. Tumca, arsebobs erTi sagulisxmo monacemi: amerikasa da dasavleT evropaSi xangrZliv emigraciaSi wasuli adamianebis 70 procents umaRlesi ganaTleba aqvs. maTi didi nawili sxvadasxva qveynis wamyvan korporaciebsa da samecniero institutebSi moRvaweobs da ukan dabrunebas kidev didi xnis ganmavlobaSi ar apirebs. Cven rom viyoT singapuri (Tundac Sveicariuli elementebis gareSe), anda romelime evropuli qveyana, arc es procentuli maCvenebeli iqneboda sagangaSo da, `tvinebis gadinebis~ nacvlad, viamayebdiT multinacionaluri korporaciebiT, Ria SromiTi bazriT,

romelsac sazRvrebi da vizebi ar zRudavs, gacemuli inteleqtis danakliss ki sxva qveynebidan `Semodenili~ `tvinebiT~ SevivsebdiT. am SemTxvevaSi Cven ar agvaRelvebda termini _ `tvinis daxarjva~ (rac ucxoeTSi nebismieri samsaxuris povnis imediT maRalkvalificiuri specialistebis wasvlas niSnavs) da bolomde gavacnobierebdiT Tanamedrove samyaros yvelaze xelSesaxeb fenomens _ multinacionaluri SromiTi bazris sikeTeebsa da riskebs. Tumca, Cven varT saqarTvelo, sadac `tvinebi gaedinebian da ukan TiTqmis aRar brundebian~. Cven varT saqarTvelo, romelic 2010 wlis monacemebiT isev `yofna-aryofnis zRvarze~ dgas da dakarguli tvinebis ukan dasabruneblad jer ar scalia. amitom maqvs aseTi gaorebuli damokidebuleba yvela im adamianis arCevanis mimarT, romelic ucxo qveyanaSi darCenas gadawyvets da zustad icis, rom es misi cxovrebis yvelaze swori gadawyvetileba iyo.

Tamar babuaZe, sazogadoebis ganyofilebis redaqtori tamar.babuadze@liberali.ge

www.liberali.ge 2

redaqtorebi: mTavari redaqtori Sorena SaverdaSvili /aRmasrulebeli redaqtori nino jafiaSvili / politika da saerTaSoriso ambebi sofo Waava / kavkasia da konfliqtebi sofo bukia / Jurnalisturi gamoZieba beso kurtaniZe / sazogadoeba Tamar babuaZe / adamianis uflebebi da samarTali nino beqiSvili / axali ambebi naTia axalaSvili redaqcia: foto-redaqtori levan xerxeuliZe / grafikuli dizaini Tornike lorTqifaniZe / redaqtor-stilisti nino svaniZe / koreqtori nino saiTiZe gamomcemloba: proeqtis menejeri qeTi babunaSvili / proeqtis menejeris asistenti lela SubiTiZe / reklamis da gayidvebis direqtori Salva CubiniZe / marketingi da sazogadoebasTan urTierToba naTia rusaZe / distributori zviad Sengelia gamomcemeli: Sps `liberali~. misamarTi: Tbilisi 0162, faliaSvilis q. 108. tel.: (995 32) 232235, 233731, 912326. el-fosta: info@liberali.ge sxva gamocemebi: `cxeli Sokoladi~, `cxeli Sokoladi _ literatura~, `biznesi: adamianebi, meTodebi, strategiebi~. `liberalis~ saavtoro uflebebi daculia. JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi da/an mTliani gamoyeneba redaqciis Tanxmobis gareSe akrZalulia. beWdva: stamba `favoriti~. misamarTi: Tbilisi, CubinaSvilis q. 50. tel.: (995 32) 95 19 52. www.phfavorite.ge gamodis kviraSi erTxel, yovel orSabaTs. pirveli nomeri gamocemulia 2009 wlis maisSi. rekomendebuli sacalo fasi 2 lari. ISSN 1987-7528

liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

axali wigni
Tanamedrove qarTuli proza
literaturuli eqspresi e eqsperimentuli matarebelia, l lia, romelic evropis sxvadasxva xva qalaqs stumrobs, mgzavrebi ki li evropeli, maT Soris, qarTveli mwerlebic arian. mogzaurobis organizatorebis azriT, literaturuli eqspresis TiToeul mgzavrs qalaqidan qalaqSi uTavbolo xetiali STagonebas moutans. asecaa: zogisTvis es matarebeli axali wignis dasaweri impulsi an ukve dawerilis popularizaciis saSualeba xdeba, zogisTvis ki sakuTari cxovrebis gadafaseba an ubralod, mSvenieri qalis devna ...

fasi 19.00

mis: aRmaSeneblis 150 tel: 910 954, 911 165 www.sulakauri.ge

fasi 12.00

mokled

genocidis aRiarebis moTxovna

somxurma saTvistomom saqarTvelos prezidentsa da parlaments osmaleTis imperiaSi somxebis genocidis aRiarebis sakiTxis ganxilvis moTxovniT mimarTa. mimarTvis inicia-

sahaero qaosi
islandiis samxreTSi, myinvar eiafialaiekiulTan mdebare vulkanis amofrqvevisas gaCenilma ferflma evropis mraval qveyanaSi frena Seaferxa. daixura didi britaneTis, safrangeTisa da germaniis umsxvilesi aeroportebi. frena Seferxda irlandiaSi, daniaSi, norvegiaSi, SvedeTSi, fineTsa da belgiaSi. frenis Seferxebis mTavari mizezi ara dabali xilvadoba, aramed ferflSi arsebuli patara vulkanuri nawilebia, romlebmac, SesaZloa, ZravaSi moxvedris Semdeg is mwyobridan gamoiyvanos. vulkanis amofrqvevam nawilobriv gaadno myinvari, rasac wyaldidobac mohyva. specialistebi ver gansazRvraven, ramden xans gagrZeldeba vulkanis moqmedeba, Tumca, maTi TqmiT, pirveli amofrqvevis Semdeg gaCenili ferfli male unda gaifantos.

torebi arian arasamTavrobo organizaciebi: saqarTvelos somxuri saTvistomo, saqarTvelos TanamSromlobis somxuri centri da saqarTveloSi somexi studentebis asociacia. somxuri organizaciebi parlamentarebs sTxoven, sakiTxi 24 aprilamde ganixilon sesiaze. somxeTis genocidi aqamde 18-ma qveyanam, aSS-s 42-ma Statma, vatikanma, evroparlamentma da eklesiebis msoflio sabWom aRiara. pirveli aseTi qveyana urugvai iyo 1965 wels, bolo ki SvedeTi _ 2010 wels.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

9 047 027 lari

sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis saxelmwifo davalianeba 9 047 027 (cxra milion ormocdaSvidi aTas ocdaSvidi) laria. sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis informaciiT, mas 2004 wlamde 8 877 008 laris restruqturizebuli sagadasaxado davalianeba ericxeba, mimdinare vali ki 1 700 019 lars Seadgens, rac saerTo jamSi _ 9 047 027.00 laria. finansTa saministros mier parlamentSi wardgenili kanonproeqtis mixedviT, saerTo Tanxa, romelic televiziebs CamoewerebaT, daaxloebiT 36 milioni laria. sagadasaxado davalianebis mqone regionuli televiziebis saerTo vali 5 milion lars ar aRemateba. teleamnistiis iniciativis Sesaxeb prezidentma mixeil saakaSvilma saparlamento gamosvlisas, 2010 wlis 26 Tebervals ganacxada. 4

qarTveli mocigavis daRupvis SesaZlo mizezi

nodar qumaritaSvilis tragikulad daRupvis Semdeg misi kolegebi uistleris trasis usafrTxoebis problemebze `bi bi si-sTan~ saubroben. sportsmenebs ar sjeraT oficialuri versiis, sadac qumaritaSvilis daRupvis mizezad misi Secdoma saxeldeba. 2008 wels uistlerSi trasis Sesamowmeblad da konsultaciisTvis gamocdili mocigaveebi miiwvies. maSin yvela maTgani acxadebda, rom trasa ar aris usafrTxo, Zalian swrafia da saTanado zomebis miRebas saWiroebs. Tumca sportsmenebi amboben, rom TamaSebis organizatorebma maTi SeniSvnebi ar gaiTvaliswines. `Secdomis daSvebis SemTxvevaSi, aseT swraf trasaze SeuZlebelia droulad reagireba~, _ ambobs amerikeli mocigave toni bensxufi.

mokled

euTo-s damkvirveblebi TbilisSi

citatebi

euTo-s adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da demokratiuli institutebis ofisis sadamkvirveblo misia saqarTveloSi muSaobas Seudga. jerjerobiT TbilisSi 16-kaciani jgufia Camosuli, aprilis bolos maT kidev SeuerTdeba euTo-s 30 meTvalyure, xolo arCevnebamde ramdenime dRiT adre _ kidev 350. misia saqarTveloSi saarCevno kanonmdeblobas, politikur kampanias, mediis rols, saarCevno administraciis muSaobasa da darRvevaTa gasaCivrebis procedurebs Seafasebs. damkvirvebelTa erT-erTi funqcia mediis monitoringsac moicavs, imis dasadgenad, Tu rogor Suqdeba sazogadoebrivi da kerZo ZiriTadi mauwyeblebis mier arCevnebi.

megobrobis ordeni nikaraguas

nikaraguis sagareo saqmeTa ministri samuel santos lopesi da nikaraguis delegacia jer cxinvals estumra, Semdeg _ soxums. kokoiTis xelisuflebis vebgverdis cnobiT, vizitis farglebSi SeTanxmeba gaformda diplomatiuri urTierTobebis damyarebis Sesaxeb, romelsac nikaraguis sagareo uwyebis xelmZRvanelma da samxreTi oseTis de faqto sagareo saqmeTa ministrma murat jioevma moaweres xeli. amis Semdeg lopesi kokoiTim megobrobis ordeniT daajildova. male lopesi soxumSi Cavida, sadac kidev erTi _ Rirsebis da didebis meore xarisxis ordeni miiRo. lopess sergei baRafSma kidev erTi ordeni nikaraguis prezident ortegasaTvisac gaatana, oRond _ pirveli xarisxis. nikaraguis delegacia soxums sam dRes stumrobda.

`piradad var amaze [2008 wlis agvistos omSi CarTva] pasuxismgebeli da me ar mrcxvenia am gadawyvetilebis gamo~. dmitri medvedevi 11 aprili, telekompania ABC News

`Tu ityvian, rom Cven borotad viyenebT [administraciul resurss], kargiT, Cven borotad viyenebT, magram amas isev gavakeTebT. mimaCnia, rom es kanonieria~. mixeil saakaSvili 15 aprili, vaSingtoni

`saqarTvelos mTavroba iseTia, iaraRiT an ginebiT unda Camoagdo. iaraRis gamoyenebis kategoriuli winaaRmdegi var, magram ginebaze ukan ar davixev~. nika ivaniSvili 13 aprili, Tbilisi

ricxvebi

802 100

evros gadauxdis saz. mauwyebeli Turqul kompania Cosmo Organizasyon Tic. Ltd-s `evroviziis~ konkursSi sofio niJaraZisa da saqarTvelos popularizaciisa da promouSenisTvis. milioni aSS dolari Seadgina barak obamasa da misi meuRlis Semosavalma, mas Semdeg, rac obama prezidenti gaxda. laria gaTvaliswinebuli Tbilisis biujetidan metrosadgur `didubis~ rekonstruqciisTvis.

`samwuxaroa, rom frangebma am saxis [ruseTisTvis `mistralis~ miyidvis] savaWro SeTanxmebas moaweres xeli. amiT SesaZlebelia regionze ruseTis gavlenis gazrda~. jon makeini _ amerikeli senatori 14 aprili, radio `amerikis xma~

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`vacnobiereb sakuTar pasuxismgeblobas yirgizi xalxis winaSe da qveynis erTianobis SenarCunebis mizniT konstituciis safuZvelze vtoveb Tanamdebobas~. yurmanbek bakievi 16 aprili, gancxadeba gadadgomis Sesaxeb
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liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

vrclad

bakievi gaiqca, yirgizeTi Tavisufalia!

yirgizeTi bakievis gareSe axal cxovrebas iwyebs.
almaz kaleti
gadakeTda. qveynis teritoriaze am centris funqcionirebisTvis yirgizeTis respublikis saxelmwifo biujetSi yovelwliurad 60 milioni amerikuli dolari iricxeba. aviabaza `manasis~ mTavari amocanaa _ mgzavrebisa da tvirTebis sahaero gadaadgileba avRaneTSi da ukan, sawvavmomaragebis uzrunvelyofa avRaneTis Tavze caSi. aviabaza `manasi~ mTavar aeromobilur centrs warmoadgenda operacia `uryevi Tavisuflebis~ dros. amerikuli aviabazis statusis Secvla 2009 wels moxda, prezident bakievis moskovSi vizitis Semdeg. im vizitis Semdeg yirgizeTis xelisuflebam amerikuli bazis gayvana moiTxova, Tumca amerikul mxaresTan molaparakebebis Semdeg azri Seicvala. vaSingtoni biSkeks ufro maRali saijaro gadasaxadis gadaxdasa da adgilobriv ekonomikaSi didi investiciebis Cadebas dahpirda. yirgizul gadatrialebamde cota xniT adre, mimdinare wlis TebervalSi yirgizeTma da aSS-m xeli moaweres SeTanxmebas, romlis Tanaxmadac, batkenis olqSi, ferganas velze, sami saxelmwifos _ yirgizeTis, tajikeTis da uzbekeTis gzagasayarze axali sawvrTneli antiteroristuli centris gaxsna igegmeboda. uzbekeTisa da ruseTis mTavrobebs am faqtze sakmaod mwvave reaqcia hqondaT. xelisuflebaSi axali mTavrobis mosvlis Semdeg gaCnda varaudebi, rom yirgizeTi prorusuli qveyana gaxdeba. sxvebi piriqiT, amboben, rom Tu xelisuflebaSi darCebian prodasavluri RirebulebebiT gamorCeuli roza otunbaeva an omurbek tekebaevi, maSin es naklebad savaraudoa. ase iqneba Tu ise, yirgizeTis sagareo politikaSi radikaluri cvlilebebis ganxorcieleba qveynis saTaveSi mosul nebismier Zalas gauWirdeba. Znelia konkretuli arCevanis gakeTeba, roca qveyanaSi ori super-saxelmwifos samxedro bazebi TiTqmis samudamodaa damkvidrebuli.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

yirgizeTis Camogdebulma prezidentma kurmanbek bakievma xeli moawera dokuments, sadac uars ambobs saprezidento uflebamosilebebze. man ukve datova qveyana da Tavi mezobel yazaxeTs Seafara. rogorc yazaxeTis sagareo saqmeTa saministros warmomadgeneli ilias omarovi ambobs, bakievis yazaxeTSi gamgzavrebis gadawyvetileba yazaxeTis prezidentma nursulTan nazarbaevma, dmitri medvedevma da barak obamam erToblivad miiRes. biSkekSi areuloba da marodioroba Sewyda. qalaqs saxalxo razmebi da milicia akontrolebs. axalma mTavrobam, romelsac roza otunbaeva xelmZRvanelobs, ukve daiTxova xelisuflebis yvela organo, maT Soris parlamenti. droebiTi mTavroba politikur da iuridiul CixSi imyofeba. euTo-s specialurma warmomadgenelma droebiT administracias ukve mouwoda, `daadasturos legitimuroba~. yirgizeTis axali xelisuflebis legitimacias elis danarCeni msoflioc. SeerTebuli Statebis da ruseTis mTavrobebma iribad, magram mainc dauWires mxari axal droebiT mTavrobas. ruseTis xelisuflebam yirgizeTisTvis 20 milioni aSS dolaris granti da aseve _ 30-milioniani SeRavaTiani krediti gamoyo. kremlma aseve
6

piroba dado, rom qveyanas, romelmac sisxliani politikuri gadatrialeba gadaitana, kidev gamouyofs fuls. garda amisa, rusuli navTobkompaniebi mzad arian, yirgizeTSi, sagazafxulosavele samuSaoebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT, qveyanas 25 aTasi tona navTobi miawodon. aSS-s xelisuflebac mzadaa daexmaros yirgizeTs, Tumca ruseTis konkretuli daxmarebisgan gansxvavebiT, TeTri saxlis mxardaWera jerjerobiT mxolod deklaraciuli xasiaTisaa. swored amitom, ucxoeli politologebi da eqspertebi axali droebiTi mTavrobis TiTqos prorusul orientaciaze alaparakdnen. yirgizeTis politikur cxovrebas mniSvnelovnad gansazRvravs biSkekTan ganlagebuli ori ucxouri samxedro baza. kantSi (biSkekidan 20 wuTis savalze) 999-e rusuli aviabazaa dislocirebuli. am bazis ganTavsebasTan dakavSirebiT 15-wliani xelSekruleba 2003 wels daido. 2009 wels SeTanxmeba 49 wliT gaxangrZlivda, kidev 25 wliT gagrZelebis SesaZleblobiT. biSkekis gareubanSi, saerTaSoriso aeroport `manasis~ perimetrze amerikuli samxedro baza `manasia~ ganlagebuli. 2009 wels am bazam profili Seicvala da saerTaSoriso satranzito gadazidvebis saerTaSoriso centrad

vrclad

kaSkaSa wertili dedamiwaze

saqarTvelos, rogorc `biznes investiciebisTvis erT-erT yvelaze xelsayrel garemos~, momavali kviridan saerTaSoriso auditoria CNN-is axali programiT _ iList-iTac gaicnobs.
marika qoCiaSvili
is vice-prezidenti maik makarti. misi TqmiT, saqarTvelo iList-is erT-erTi yvelaze momxibvleli qveyana iqneba. iList-i iseve, rogorc CNN-is apolitikuri gadacemebis didi nawili, TanadafinansebiTaa Seqmnili. gadacemis momzadebis xarjebis nawils is qveyana afinansebs, romelsac gadacema eZRvneba, Tumca, CNN-Si xazgasmiT aRniSnaven imas, rom es gadacemis saredaqcio damoukideblobaSi Carevis uflebas aravis aZlevs. iList-Si saqarTvelo mas Semdeg moxvda, rac CNN-s qarTuli mxare reklamis ganTavsebis mizniT daukavSirda. CNN-ma ki maT, rogorc gacilebiT ufro efeqturi sareklamo saSualeba, gadacema iList-i SesTavaza. qarTvelebic daTanxmdnen. `es erTkviriani programaa da maSin, roca Cveni sareklamo kampania ZiriTadad investiciebis mozidvas da biznes segments exmianeba, iList ufro farTo areals faravs. aqcenti keTdeba, rogorc biznes garemoze da investiciebze, aseve, magaliTad _ Rvinoze, turizmze, kulturasa da istoriaze~, _ acxadebs `liberalTan~ saubarSi premier-ministris mTavari mrCeveli Tamar kovziriZe. kovziriZe dawvrilebiT ganixilavs iList-is Sinaarss, Tumca, ar asaxelebs Tanxas, romelic saqarTvelom iList-is saSualebiT sakuTari Tavis piarSi gadaixada. `zust cifrebs ver getyviT, Tanxa yovel wels gansxvavebulia. rac ufro adre daijavSneba saeTero dro, ufro iafi jdeba. gaaCnia imasac, Tu rogor moelaparakebi arxs. magaliTad, iList Cveni sareklamo paketis nawilia. Sesabamisad, ufro momgebiania finansurad, rom am gadacemis paralelurad CNN-ze Cveni sareklamo rgolebic gavides.

saqarTvelo CNN-is kamerebis obieqtivSi erTi Tvis win moeqca. gadamRebi jgufi erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi mogzaurobda saqarTveloSi da amzadebda masalas, romelic orSabaTidan CNN-is eTerSi mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi itrialebs. specialurad pirdapiri CarTvebisTvis ki saqarTveloSi CNN-is veterani Jurnalisti jim qlansi Camova. yovelTviuri gadacema iList-i CNN-ze cota xnis win gamoCnda. misi mizani mayureblebisTvis im qveynebis gacnobaa, romlebic msoflioSi axal gzas kvalaven da inovaciebiT gamoirCevian. gadacemis saTaurSi aso i _ niSnavs inovacias, industriasa da inteleqts. am sami niSniT gadacemis avtorebma saqarTvelomde bahreini da safrangeTi gamoarCies. `iList-i cdis Tqvens warmodgenebs im qveynebis Sesaxeb, romlebic, Tqven ggoniaT, rom iciT da gacnobT adgilebs, romelTa Sesaxebac araferi gsmeniaT~, _ acxadebs CNN Internationalliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

calke es ufro Zviri dajdeboda~, _ dasZens kovziriZe da acxadebs, rom zusti monacemebi iList-Si gadaxdili Tanxis Sesaxeb ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministroSi unda veZioT. Tumca, am saministros pressamsaxuris xelmZRvanels piriqiT hgonia da ukan, premier-ministris kabinetisken migviTiTebs. saboloo jamSi, gamodis, rom xelisufleba aWianurebs im informaciis gacemas, romelic saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis mixedviT sajaroa da TiToeul moqalaqes aqvs ufleba, icodes, ras ixdis misi qveyana sakuTari popularizaciisTvis ucxour telearxebze. saqarTvelom piar-kampania jer kidev 2007 wlidan daiwyo, roca sareklamo rgolebi CNN-ze, BBC-ze da CNBC-ze gamoCnda. Hate to be second! (ver veguebiT, viyoT meore!) _ am saTqmeliT saqarTvelo msoflios winaSe wamyvan ucxour arxebze ukve wels wardga. 30-wamian sareklamo rgolSi, romelic TebervalSi CNN-sa da BBC-ze gamoCnda, naCvenebi iyo ekonomikuri krizisis gamo `Cabnelebuli~ dedamiwa, romelzec erTaderTi wertili kaSkaSebda _ saqarTvelo. reklama TebervalSi daiwyo da aprilamde gagrZeldeba. `omis periodSi da Semdegac axal ambebSi sakmaod negatiuri da dramatuli Temebi dominirebda saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. gvindoda, raRac pozitiuri gasuliyo. reklamebi qveynis dadebiTad warmoCinebas emsaxureba. CvenTvis mniSvnelovania, rom gavrceldes mesiji _ saqarTvelo isev arsebobs da ganviTarebas da reformebs ganagrZobs~, _ acxadebs Tamar kovziriZe. im fonze, rom am reklamebs erTkviriani iList-ic daemateba, SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso piar-kampania sul ufro agresiul xasiaTs iRebs. erTi kviris ganmavlobaSi CNN-is mayurebeli saqarTvelos `suxiSvilebis~ ansamblis, kalaTburTel zaza faCulias, patriarq ilia meores, baletis varskvlavis nino ananiaSvilis, premier-ministr nika gilaurisa da prezident saakaSvilis saSualebiT gaicnobs.
7

fotoreportaJi

poloneTi emSvidobeba prezident lex kaCinskis

8
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

mediamonitoringi

vin qmnis axal ambavs?

medias ar Seswevs unari, TviTon wamoswios amomrCevlisTvis aqtualuri Temebi. winasaarCevnod politikosebi gansazRvraven sazogadoebis dRis wesrigs.
rusudan ruxaZe
`sainformacio subsidia~, romelsac politikosebi winasaarCevnod medias aZleven, xSirad iseT movlenebzea agebuli, rogoricaa ezoebis Camovla da sadarbazosTan Sekrebil macxovreblebTan Sexvedra, mTavar gamzirebze msvlelobebi, preskonferenciebi da a.S. politikosebis aseTi `saCvenebeli~ aqtiurobis fonze media ver axerxebs, Tavad dasvas aqcenti, gamohyos mniSvnelovani Tema da ar gaimeoros politikosis fokusi. partiis logos fonze damwkrivebuli politikosebi da `mosaubre Tavebis~ monacvleoba ekranze _ es winasaarCevno axali ambebis standartuli kadria. nika ivaniSvili mTavrobis gadadgomas moiTxovs; gia Wanturiam da inga grigoliam `deda enis~ Zegli yvavilebiT Seamkes; zviad ZiZigurma da koba daviTaSvilma rusTavelze Caiares da maRaziebis inglisurenovani warwerebi gaaprotestes; leiboristebi amtkiceben, rom antierovnuli xelisufleba saxelmwifo enad inglisurs gamoacxadebs... amiT avsebs trivialuri winasaarCevno qronika saRamos sainformacio eTerSi im mniSvnelovani sakiTxebisTvis gankuTvnil niSas, romlebic zogadad arCevnebis process ukavSirdeba, magram swored mediis araswori aqcentebis gamo, teleeTerisa da yuradRebis miRma rCeba. magaliTad saarCevno kampaniebis dafinanseba is sakiTxia, romelsac kandidatebi jer ar exebian da arc medias axsendeba. marTalia, zurab noRaidelis `rusul fulze~ xSirad miuTiTebs `imedi~, Tumca amis damadastureblad noRaidelis moskovSi vizitebis Sexseneba arasakmarisia. amomrCevlisTvis gadawyvetileliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

bis misaRebad mniSvnelovani Temebi sainformacio gamoSvebebSi iSviaTad gvxvdeba. aseTi gamonaklisi iyo `maestros~ siuJeti qalaqSi ganTavsebuli bilbordebis Sesaxeb: ra ujdebaT gare reklama nika ivaniSvils, giorgi Wanturias da daviT iakobiZes? Jurnalistis TqmiT, TiToeuli maTganis fasi 600 dolaria, rac winasaarCevnod calkeul partias 10-12 aTasi daujdeba. dafinansebis wyaroebi ki siuJetSi bolomde gaurkveveli darCa, kandidatebis bundovani pasuxebis gamo. `qronikam~ siuJeti reklamebisa da sloganebis Sesaxeb, saTauriT `winasaarCevno kreativi~ irakli alasanias sareklamo rgolis kritikiT daiwyo. Jurnalistma aRniSna, rom socialur qsel `feisbukSi~ gamoCenili rgoli umetesobam daiwuna. xazgasmuli iyo sloganis da musikis plagiatobac. alasanias mTavari saarCevno gzavnilis `avtorebad~ misi politikuri konkurentebi daasaxeles. siuJetSi miTiTebuli iyo, rom memarjvene-centristuli qristian-demokratiuli partiis kandidat gia Wanturias memarcxene dapirebebi aqvs. Temis inicirebis mcdeloba hqonda `kuriersac~, rodesac siuJeti merobis kandidatTa dapirebebis mimoxilvas miuZRvna. siuJetSi aRniSnuli iyo, rom opoziciuri kandidatebis winasaarCevno programebi socialuri sakiTxebis mogvarebaze, dasaqmebasa da jandacvis sferos reformazea agebuli da amiT yvela erTmaneTs hgavs. Tumca mxolod oponenti kandidatebi akritikebdnen erTmaneTs da programebis ganuxorcieleblobis dasabuTeba konkretuli sferoebis eqspertTa mxridan ar yofila. zogadad nacionaluri mauwyeblebis TematikisTvis ucxo iyo `moambe-

Si~ regionis maJoritar deputatebze momzadebuli siuJeti. imereTSi, samegreloSi, qvemo qarTlsa da kaxeTSic opoziciuri partiebis warmomadgenlebi erTsa da imave problemebze saubrobdnen: xarvezebi saarCevno siebSi, maT kandidatebze zewola daSinebis da gadabirebis gziT, saxelisuflo kandidatTa mxridan administraciuli resursebis gamoyeneba. esaa swored im Zireuli sakiTxebis CamonaTvali, romelsac mauwyeblebi winasaarCevno periodSi aqtiurad unda aSuqebdnen da Tundac calkeul aseT faqts uZRvnidnen siuJets. mauwyeblebi arc winasaarCevnod iviwyeben informaciis moZiebis nacad xerxs _ Tema siuJetisTvis sxva mediasaSualebidan moipovon. im mokle periodSi, rac winasaarCevno kampania daiwyo, presidan mauwyeblebma sami aseTi Tema wamowies. ori maTgani rusuli gazeTebidan iyo. kaxi kalaZis SesaZlo gawevrianeba noRaidelis partiaSi `sovetski sportisTvis~ micemuli interviudan iyo, siuJeti `SevardnaZis revanSist~ irakli alasanias Sansebze, gaxdes qveynis prezidenti, Sinagan saqmeTa ministris _ vano merabiSvilis `komersantisTvis~ micemuli interviudan. Temaze _ gaxdeba Tu ara levan gaCeCilaZe irakli oqruaSvilis partiis merobis kandidati _ mauwyeblebi sainformacio saagento `pirvelze~ dayrdnobiT msjelobdnen. maSin, roca jer arc erT siuJetSi safuZvlianad ar ganxilula saarCevno kampaniebi, `kurieris~ mTavar axal ambebSi xvdeba evropis moedanze yvavilebis saaTis damontaJebis faqti. Jurnalistis TqmiT, yvelaze mdidari ferTa palitra mwvane saaTs maisSi eqneba da swored is aiTvlis axali meris pirvel samuSao saaTebs.

statia momzadebulia USAID-is finansuri mxardaWeriT. am publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli Sexedulebebi da mosazrebebi ar aris aucilebeli, gamoxatavdes USAID-is da misi partniorebis Sexedulebebs. 9

ori azri

momxre naTia uznaZe

sazogadoebrivi mauwyebeli, saerTaSoriso proeqtebis prodiuseri

`evrovizia~ qveynis prezentaciis Zalian kargi saSualebaa, radgan saerTaSoriso simReris am konkurss, sxva konkursebTan SedarebiT, yvelaze meti mayurebeli hyavs. konkursis msvlelobisas mayurebelTa raodenoba 100 milions aRemateba. Zalian efeqturi da kargi Sansia, qveyanas reklama maSin gaukeTo, rodesac amdeni adamiani adevnebs Tvals Seni qveynis warmomadgenels. garda amisa, im qveyanaSi, sadac konkursi tardeba, Cadixar 12-14 dRiT adre. am xnis ganmavlobaSi gaqvs ramdenime preskonferencia, cnobil gamomcemlobebSi, gazeTebSi da televiziiT Suqdeba Seni qveynis warmomadgenlis iq yofna. wels `evroviziaSi~ 39 evropuli qveyana monawileobs. Tu saqarTvelom gaimarjva, Semdegi `evroviziis~ konkursi saqarTveloSi gaimarTeba. minimum 39 qveynis delegacia Camova, TiTos ki 50 wevri mainc hyavs. garda amisa, `evroviziaze~ Cadian sxvadasxva qveynis fanebi, rac qveyanaSi turistebis raodenobasac didad zrdis. saqarTvelos gamarjveba niSnavs imasac, rom Semdegi `evroviziisTvis~ evropis mauwyebelTa kavSiris mxridan im sakoncerto darbazs, sadac gaimarTeba konkursi, sruli uzrunvelyofa eqneba. `evrovizias~ is Taviseburebac axasiaTebs, rom sami koncerti Tu aris dagegmili, bileTebi iyideba eqvsi koncertisTvis, radgan mayurebeli generalur repeticiebsac eswreba. mTlianobaSi ki es aris didi investicia qveynisTvis. `evroviziaSi~ monawileoba finansurad Zalian momgebian proeqtSi fulis Cadebas niSnavs da, am yvelafers Tavi rom davaneboT, qveynis prestiJs zrdis. garda amisa, wina wlebSi Cvenma warmomadgenlebma sainteresi winadadebebi miiRes. diana Rurwkaias goran bregoviCma SesTavaza ramdenime simReris dawera. `evrovizia~ aris yvelaze gamoucnobi konkursi, radgan bevr faqtorzea damokidebuli: rogor warvadgenT, rogor miiRebs mayurebeli, da rogori mxardaWera gveqneba ucxoelebisgan. pirvel wels saqarTvelom aiRo me-12 adgili, meore wels _ me-11. axla Seicvala `evroviziis~ wesebi. gadawyvetilebis miRebaSi mayurebelTan erTad Jiuric monawileobs. anu, Cven Zalian didi Sansi gvaqvs, wels kargi Sedegi vaCvenoT. wlidan wlamde vviTardebiT da albaT ufro daxvewil da karg Sous warvadgenT. damdgmeli reJisori safrangeTidan moviwvieT. sasceno versia, riTac sofo niJaraZe `evroviziaze~ wardgeba, swored man dadga. sofosTan erTad icekvebs sami frangi mocekvave, romlebsac Zalian didi gamocdileba aqvT; sofosTan erTad scenaze idgeba ori qarTveli
10

uRirs Tu ara "evrovizia" 80

beqvokalisti. sofos TiTqmis yoveldRiuri CarTvebi aqvs ucxoeTis sxvadasxva radioSi, urTierToba aqvs JurnalistebTan da `evroviziaze~ gamgzavrebamdec Zalian gadatvirTuli grafiki gvaqvs. `evrovizia~ qveynis SigniTac exmareba Soubiznesis ganviTarebas. magaliTad, SarSan da SarSanwin gaimarTa masStaburi koncertebi filarmoniasa da sportis sasaxleSi. am periodSi yovelTvis iwereba axali simRerebi da idgmeba Souebi, rac qarTuli SoubiznesisTvisac garkveuli stimulia. darwmunebiT SemiZlia giTxraT, am Tanxis gamoyofa `evroviziaze~ qarTveli momRerlis da qveynis popularizaciisTvis gamarTlebulia. konkursSi monawile yvela qveynis mTavroba garkveul investicias debs `evroviziaze~ sakuTar warmomadgenelSi. CvenTvis faseulia ara mxolod gamarjveba, aramed monawileobac, xolo Tu `evrovizia~ movigeT, garwmunebT, rom es Tanxa Zalian didi investiciiT dagvibrundeba ukan.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

ori azri

a saqarTvelos 02 100 evrod?

mowinaaRmdege lado burduli
kompozitori, momRerali

800 aTasi evro, Tu ar vcdebi, or milion larze metia. Cemi azriT, Zalian didi Tanxaa iseTi qveynisTvis, rogoric saqarTveloa. aralogikuria amxela Tanxis daxarjva Tavis warmosaCenad `evroviziaze~, sadac aTeulSic ki ver vaxerxebT moxvedras. sxva ufro kargi proeqtebic arsebobs, magram imaSi kapiks ar ixdian. gasagebia, rom qveynis imijsa da prestiJSi ixdian fuls, magram prestiJi ar aris, roca amxela fuls xarjav da sameulSic ver xvdebi? mesame welia, vmonawileobT, da raRac gakveTili xom unda gamovitanoT. kidev erTi ram aris CemTvis gaugebari _ rogor SeiZleba jer amxela Tanxebi daxarjo `evrovizialiberali . aprili 2010 . 27

Si~, da amaze orjer meti TanxiT afinansebde antievrovizias. SarSan `alter vizia~ xom saxelmwifom daafinansa. faqtia, rom verc `evroviziam~ da verc `alter viziam~ ver Seuwyo xeli qarTvel Semsruleblebs verc saqarTveloSi da verc mis farglebs gareT. Cemi azriT, `evroviziaSi~ amxela fulis xarjvas, jobs xelisuflebam progresulad moazrovne axalgazrdebis emigraciis SeCerebaze izrunos. ukve meoTxe Tu mexuTe Taoba gadis qveynidan samuSaos ZiebaSi. ukeTesi iqneba, Tu saxelmwifo gonieri axalgazrdebis dasaqmebisTvis Sesabamisi infrastruqturis Seqmnaze izrunebs; Tundac, Soubiznesis arsebobisTvis Seqmnas infrastruqtura, rom Soubiznesis warmomadgenlebi dasaqmdnen da Seiqmnas sistema, romelic niWier adamians gamoavlens. isini, vinc `evroviziaze~ imarjvebdnen, magaliTad `abba~ da `mumitroli~, garkveul garemoSi izrdebodnen da qmnidnen musikas. am xalxs raRac struqtura avlens, da Tu aseTi struqtura ar arsebobs, SeuZlebelia aseT sivrceSi niWieri adamiani gamovlindes. isic xom viciT, rom dRes `evroviziaze~, ara profesiuli niSniT, aramed partiuli niSniT _ nacionaluri partiis kandidatebi midian. kargia, rom `evrovizia~ gamarjvebuli momRerlis qveyanaSi gaimarTeba, magram imdenad dabalia Cveni Sansebi, rom ar Rirs amxela Tanxebis daxarjva. kerZo pirs SeuZlia iTamaSos da milioni waagos, magram qveyana rom debs amxela fsons, ise rom Signidan absoluturad auwyobelia, maSin es xarji gaugebari xdeba. axalgazrdebi sxva qveyanaSi midian sacxovreblad, samsaxurs ver pouloben da Sen erT momReralSi ixdi or milion lars _ amaSi aranairi logika ar aris. Tanac risi imedi gvaqvs, rodesac Soubiznesis meqaSi Cagvaqvs meoce saukunis uxarisxo produqti, ar mesmis. xmis CuqurTmebiT vcdilobT xalxis `dabolebas~? saxelmwifos mier organizebulma RonisZiebebma komunistebis dros ver gamoiRo Sedegi da ara mgonia, rom xelovnuri kvebiT Seqmnil produqts raime perspeqtiva hqondes momavalSi. erTaderTi, rac saxelmwifos SeuZlia gaakeTos am sferos ganviTarebisTvis da misi xelSewyobisTvis, aris biznesis gaTavisufleba politikuri gavlenisgan. yvelaferi damoukidebel bizneszea awyobili. Tu damoukidebeli fuli ar itrialebs qveyanaSi, da yvelaferi politizirebuli iqneba, TavisTavad musikac politizirebuli gaxdeba. dRes politikosebs TavianTi musikosebi hyavT da maT uxdian fuls. vinc am politikaSi ar Sedis, imas ar uxdian. me ramdenjerme Sevecade biznesis mozidvas, magram did problemebs wavawydi da mivxvdi, rom Tu ar Seicvala mTavrobis damokidebuleba xelovnebisa da SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebisadmi, ufro gagviWirdeba ganviTareba.
11

Tvalsazrisi

auRelveblad darCena
tragikuli SemTxvevis Semdeg gamarTuli pirveli diskusiebi saqarTveloSi ufro meti panikiT iyo moculi, vidre poloneTSi. ratom? ra aris is, rac saqarTvelos panikaSi agdebs, an ra aris is, ramac polonelebi ar aaRelva katastrofis pirvelive Sefasebebisas?
mark maleni tragikuli aviakatastrofa, romelSic katinis trage- bas niSnavs. msoflios amgvar aRqmas saqarTvelosTvis diis aRsaniSnad gamgzavrebuli poloneTis prezidenti kargi araferi moaqvs. polonur aviakatastrofaze saqarTveloSi gakeTeda 96 mgzavri daiRupa, mTel msoflioSi igloves. sabWoTa (da Semdeg ruseTis) oficialuri pirebis mier buli pirveli komentarebiT, garkveulwilad, swored katinis tragediis araRiareba ruseTsa da poloneTs amgvari xedva gamoixata. rusuli SeTqmulebis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi ufro meti braldeba gamoTqves, vidre _ Soris urTierTobaze uaryofiTad aisaxeboda. poloneTi da polonelebi kremlis mimarT skepti- poloneTSi. polonelebma gamoZieba swrafad Caatares, kurad arian ganwyobilni da Seupovrad, Tumca ara ruseTis oficialuri pirebic uCveulod gaxsnilebi agresiulad cdiloben sakuTari interesebis dacvas. iyvnen, rac maTi muSaobis Cveulebrivi stili namdvierT-erTi problema, rac polonelebs ruseTTan ur- lad ar aris. polonelebi darwmundnen, rom es iyo ubeTierTobaSi gauCndaT, ekonomikuri xasiaTis gaxldaT duri SemTxveva da aSkarad didi sifrTxiliT moekidnen da poloneTma Tavisi pozicia evrokavSirSi am kuTxiT am sakiTxs. arsebobs ramdenime kiTxva, romlebic sakuTar Tavs warmatebiT gamoiyena. ruseTma sapasuxo Seteva scada, magram unda iTqvas, rom poloneTs, rogorc evrokavSi- unda davusvaT _ gvinda, rom es ruseTs gaekeTebina? daadasturebda es Cveni daris wevrs, meti SesaZlebloba aqvs ruseTisTvis saziano radgan saqarTvelo da ruseTi mokidebulebis siswores? Tu ase vfiqrobT, maSin ukve adnabijebis gadadgmis TvalerTmaneTis winaaRmdeg arian, vilia, rom Cveni mikerZoebusazrisiT, vidre _ piriqiT. sxvaTa Soris, am dapirispipoloneTis ruseTTan daaxloeba loba gavaanalizoT. tragikuli SemTxvevis Serebis detalebis codna sapoloneTis saqarTvelosgan mdeg gamarTuli pirveli qarTvelosTvisac gamosadesaqarTveloSi gi iqneba. daSorebas niSnavs _ msoflios diskusiebi ufro meti panikiT iyo mobolos, poloneTis mier amgvar aRqmas saqarTvelosTvis culi, vidre _ poloneTSi. evrokavSiris prezidentobis kargi araferi moaqvs. ratom? ra aris is, rac sapostis dakavebamde kremlma qarTvelos panikaSi agdebs, brZnuli nabiji gadadga da an ra aris is, ramac polokatinis tyeSi ganxorcielebul masobriv mkvlelobaze sabWoTa pasuxismgebloba nelebi ar aaRelva katastrofis pirvelive SefasebebaRiara. aseve, rusuli televiziiT gadaica saukeTeso Si? Tu igive ram saqarTveloSi moxdeboda, rogor upapolonuri filmi katinis tragediaze, romelmac mTeli suxebda xalxi da saxelmwifo? ramdenad ganvixilavT msoflio warmatebiT Semoiara. es iyo ndobis aRdge- movlenebs, maT Soris _ did tragediebsac ki, rogorc nisken gadadgmuli nabiji, romelic ruseTs evropasTan Cveni winaswari ganwyobebis da damokidebulebebis damamtkicebel sabuTebs? pasuxebSi darwmunebuli ar var, urTierTobaSi daexmareba. rogor ganixilaven poloneTsa da ruseTs Soris magram mgonia, rom am kiTxvebis ganxilva Rirs. imasTan erTad, rom did mwuxarebas ganvicdi poloneufro axlo da urTierTpativsacem urTierTobebs qarTvelebi? iseTi STabeWdileba mrCeba, rom qarTvelebs li xalxis mimarT, aseve gancvifrebuli var polonelees ar moswonT. saqarTveloSi iseTi ganwyobaa, rom ar- bis da maTi saxelmwifos auRelvebeli, mtkice pozisebobs ori mxare: rusuli mxare da masTan daaxloebuli ciiT. es CvenTvis, yvelasTvis magaliTia, gansakuTrebiT ramdenime evropuli qveyana, da saqarTvelos, amerikis, ki _ saqarTvelosTvis. baltiis qveynebis, poloneTis da, albaT, didi britaneTis mxare. ase Tu ganvixilavT, radgan saqarTvelo da ruseTi erTmaneTis winaaRmdeg arian, poloneTis ruseTTan daaxloeba poloneTis saqarTvelosgan daSoreinglisuridan Targmna giorgi cxadaiam
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liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

mimoxilva

gadaudebeli investiciebi
iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa kotejebSi situaciis ucvlelad datoveba imas niSnavs, rom maT uzarmazari energogadasaxadebi daugrovdeT, rac devnilebs siRaribidan Tavis daxsnis saSualebas ar miscems.
`saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelo~

devnilebis dasaxleba werovanSi

gasul Tves, `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelom~ gamoaqveyna statia, romelic mimoixilavda iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebisTvis bunebrivi airisa da eleqtroenergiis miwodebasTan dakavSirebul problemebs. Cven mivediT im daskvnamde, rom xelisuflebis mier SemuSavebuli energosubsidirebis axali sqema, xSir SemTxvevaSi, araadekvaturia (gansakuTrebiT es exeba patara ojaxebs, romlebic metad mcire subsidias iReben maT mier moxmarebuli eleqtroenergiis realur danaxarjebTan SedarebiT). devnilTa kotejebSi energomoxmarebis maRali maCvenebeli yovelTvis uyairaTobis Sedegi ar aris. xSirad amis mizezi 2008 wels aSenebuli koliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

tejebis da maTSi damontaJebuli gasaTbobi sistemebis uxarisxobaa. `saerTaSoriso gamWvirvaloba _ saqarTvelos~ rekomendaciaa, ara marto kotejebis infrastruqturis gaumjobeseba maTi energoefeqturobis gazrdis mizniT, aramed energo subsidirebis sistemis gadaxedvac, gansxvavebuli dasaxlebebisa da ojaxebis tipebis specifikuri energosaWiroebis gaTvaliswinebiT. devnilTa pirobebis gaumjobesebis erT-erT gzas warmoadgens maTi gaTbobis sistemis eleqtroenergiaze damokidebulebis SezRudva. eleqtroenergia gaTbobis ZviradRirebuli saSualebaa (eleqtroenergiaze damokidebuli gamaTboblebi odnav ufro efeqturia, vidre bunebriv

airze damokidebuli gamaTboblebi. Tumca, 1 kv.sT eleqtroenergiis Rirebuleba 12 TeTrze metia maSin, rodesac 1 kv.sT bunebrivi airis Rirebuleba 5-6 TeTria). 2008 wlis agvistos omis Sedegad devnilTaTvis aSenebuli 13 dasaxlebidan 6 dasaxlebis energiis wyaros SeSisa da eleqtroenergiis kombinacia warmoadgens (Teliani, metexi, moxisi, axalsofeli, xurvaleTi, skra), xolo 7 dasaxleba bunebrivi airiTa da eleqtroenergiiT sargeblobs (wilkani, SavSvebi, karaleTi, wmindawyali, werovani, CumaleTi da frezeTi). eleqtrosubsidiebis axali sqemis SemoRebamde devnilebi xSirad erTdroulad moixmardnen bunebriv airsa da eleqtroenergias.
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foto Temo barZimaSvili

mimoxilva

subsidiebis sqemis SemoRebis Semdeg aseTi praqtika Semcirda, Tumca jerac arsebobs. magaliTad, miuxedavad imisa, rom karaleTis da wilkanis dasaxlebebi bunebrivi airiT maragdebian, isini gaTbobisaTvis isev eleqtroenergias moixmaren. im dasaxlebebisTvisac ki, romlebic SeSis RumelebiTaa aRWurvili, eleqtroenergiaze damokidebulebis safrTxe TandaTan izrdeba. `energoefeqturobis centri _ saqarTvelos~ mier Catarebuli energo auditis mixedviT, iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa dasaxlebebSi damontaJebuli SeSis gamaTboblebi Zalian dabali xarisxisaa da dRes bevri maTgani mwyobridanaa gamosuli. amis mizezi is aris, rom devnilTa kotejebSi damontaJebuli Rumelebi, naxerxze iyo gaTvlili. miuxedavad amisa, iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi gasaTbobad umetesad SeSas iyeneben, rac iwvevs Rumelebis mwyobridan gamosvlas. problemaa isic, rom

RumelebiT SeuZlia devnilTa energodazogvis imdenad farTo masStabiT gaumjobeseba, rom axal Rumelebze gaweuli danaxarjebi amonagebs ukve erT weliwadSi mogvcems. kidev erTi efeqturi RonisZieba iqneboda devnilTa dasaxlebebSi energodamzogi naTurebis damontaJeba (100-vatiani varvara naTurebis Canacvleba 20-vatiani energodamzogi naTurebiT). `energoefeqturobis centri _ saqarTvelos~ monacemebiT, 242 500 laris investireba am RonisZiebaSi SesaZlebels gaxdis wliurad 428 295 laris dazogvas. aqedan gamomdinare, amonagebis miRebis periodi 7 Tveze naklebi iqneba. SeSis Rumelebis gamocvla da energodamzogi naTurebis dayeneba xelisuflebisTvis rTuli ar unda iyos, xolo devnilTa yovelTviur gadasaxadebs sagrZnoblad Seamcirebs. ra Tqma unda, energoefeqturobis gaumjobesebisken mimarTuli yvela investiciis ganxorcieleba ase

devnilTa dasaxlebebSi varvara eleqtronaTurebis da uxarisxo Rumelebis Secvla sakmaod iafi da efeqturi RonisZieba iqneboda.
SeSis Tviuri subsidiebi 1-2 kuburi metris odenobiT, zamTarSi sakmarisi ar aris. Tanac, SeSa devnilebs zogjer araregularulad miewodebaT, amitom, maT uwevT an SeSis damatebiTi Sesyidva, an misi mogroveba dasaxlebis mimdebare tyeebSi. `energoefeqturobis centri _ saqarTvelos~ mier Catarebuli kvlevebis Sedegad gamoirkva, rom iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa kotejebis axali SeSis RumelebiT aRWurva ekonomikur Sedegs sul raRac 15 TveSi mogvcems. Tuki saqarTvelos xelisufleba gamoyofs 125 400 lars (428 koteji, axali Rumelis saSualo Rirebulebaa 300 lari) energodamzogi SeSis Rumelebis gadasacemad, es wliurad dazogavs 1 113 920 kv.sT eleqtroenergias, rac 99 120 laris tolia. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, mwyobridan gamosuli Rumelebis Secvlas xarisxiani SeSis
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sworxazovnad ver moxdeba. energia daizogeba iseTi zomebis miRebiT, rogoricaa iatakis Tboizolacia (linoliumiT an mineraluri bambiT, napralebis amovseba), kedlebis, Weris, da sxvenis Tboizolacia. amas (linoliumis dagebis gamoklebiT) sWirdeba mniSvnelovani samSeneblo samuSaoebis Catareba, rac amonagebs mxolod, daaxloebiT, 5-13 wlis ganmavlobaSi moitans (gamonaklisi SeiZleba iyos frezeTis dasaxleba, sadac iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa kotejebis dasaxlebebs Soris yvelaze civi klimatia da sadac Weris Tboizolacia ekonomikur Sedegs ukve ramdenime weliwadSi gamoiRebs). `energoefeqturobis centri _ saqarTvelos~ saboloo angariSi, romlis gamoqveynebac 2010 wlis aprilis bolos/maisis dasawyisisTvisaa dagegmili, moicavs devnilTa kotejebisa da mravalsarTulia-

ni Senobebis situaciur analizs, energiis miwodebisa da moTxovnis mdgomareobis aRweras, sxvadasxva ganaxlebadi energetikuli wyaros adgilze danergvis potencialis ganxilvas, energetikuli auditebis Sedegebs da am SenobebSi energodamzogi RonisZiebebis gatarebis rekomendaciebs, xarjebisa da sargeblis analizs sxvadasxva wminda energetikuli alternativisTvis da sxva. iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa kotejebis mSeneblobis da damontaJebuli gamaTboblebis (rogorc bunebrivi airis, ise SeSis Rumelebis) dabali xarisxi zedmet danaxarjebs iwvevs. devnilebs kotejebi usasyidlod gadaecaT maSin, rodesac es Zalian sWirdebodaT, magram iq sacxovreblad saWiro energiis safasuris gadaxda Zalian bevr ojaxs mZime tvirTad awveba. varvara eleqtronaTurebis da uxarisxo Rumelebis Secvla sakmaod iafi da gansaxorcieleblad advili RonisZiebebia (da maleve moaqvs amonagebi). sxva energodamzogi RonisZiebebi (iatakis, Weris, kedlebis da sxvenis Tboizolacia) moicavs samSeneblo samuSaoebs da warmoadgens grZelvadian investicias. Tumca, es investiciebi aucilebelia. marTebuli ar iqneba iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa grZelvadiani sacxovrebeli pirobebiT uzrunvelyofaze saubari, Tuki iatakidan civi haeri da mwerebi Semodis, gamaTbobeli energia iflangeba cudad izolirebuli sxvenidan da adamianebs uwevT damatebiTi odenobis energiis moxmareba kedlebis simSralis SesanarCuneblad. iatakebis, kedlebis da sxvenis Tboizolacia frTxil dagegmvas moiTxovs da, idealur SemTxvevaSi, kotejebis sxva xarvezebis gamosworebis paralelurad unda moxdes. Tuki devnilTa Casaxlebebis energoefeqturobis problemas axlave ar daeTmo saTanado yuradReba, igi 2010 wlis Semdeg periodSi gadainacvlebs, rodesac saerTaSoriso donorebis mier devnilTa xelSewyoba, 2008-2010 wlebis donesTan SedarebiT, sagrZnoblad Semcirdeba.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

fokusi: poloneTi

poloneTi lex kaCinskis Semdeg

poloneTSi lex kaCinskis romantizmis dro dasrulda.
sofo bukia

iaroslav kaCinskis gamoTxoveba ZmasTan, varSava, 11 parili 2010

10 aprils, SuadRes varSava sirenis damayruebelma xmam gaaSeSa. meore msoflio omis dros es xma xalxs sahaero Tavdasxmebis Sesaxeb afrTxilebda. Tumca, amjerad samalavSi aravin gaqceula. erTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi varSavaSi yvelaferi gaCerda _ aRar moZraobdnen manqanebi, avtobusebi. xalxi TavCaRunuli idga. smolenskTan, aviakatastrofaSi daRupulTa Soris poloneTis merve prezidentis lex kaCinskis cxedari ramdenime saaTSi amoicnes. meore dRes varSavaSi, prezidentis sasaxlesTan kaCinskis neSts asobiT aTasi adamiani eloda. xmas aravin iRebda. `pan prezident, Seni xalxi tiris!~ _ ewera gazeT `viborCas~ pirliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

vel gverdze. axali gazeTebi im dRes ufasod darigda. xalxiT gadaWedil moedanze siCume ar darRveula maSinac, roca varSavis droiT zustad 17.00 saaTze prezidentis korteJi gamoCnda. am dros Camohkres kaTolikuri eklesiis zarebma. samarisebuli siCume idga maSinac, roca sapatio yaraulis jariskacebma prezidentis cxedari sasaxleSi Seasvenes. mxolod amis Semdeg, sadRac xalxSi gaisma mamakacis xma, romelic xmadabla poloneTis himns RiRinebda. am xmas sxvebic ahyvnen, magram Cumad, naxevar xmaSi. gasul kviras varSava wiTeli da Te-

Tri yvavilebis, sanTlebisa da daSvebuli droSebis mdumare qalaqad iqca. lex kaCinskis ukanaskneli reisi

jerjerobiT oficialuri versia, Tu ratom Camovarda prezidentis TviTmfrinavi, ar arsebobs. 10 aprils, moskovis droiT 10.56
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fokusi: poloneTi

saaTze, smolenskTan aviakatastrofa ganicada poloneTis prezidentis TviTmfrinavma _ tu-154-ma. daiRupa 96 adamiani. polonuri delegacia katinSi miemgzavreboda, 1940 wels daxvretili poloneli oficrebis xsovnisadmi miZRvnil ceremonialze dasaswrebad. am etapze ramdenime versia ganixileba: uamindobis gamo polonuri ekipaJis mier daSvebuli Secdoma, smolenskis aerodromze momuSave dispeCerebis Secdoma da TviTmfrinavis teqnikuri gaumarTaoba. winaswari monacemebiT, prezidentis TviTmfrinavi smolenskSi samxedro aerodrom `severnize~ daSvebisas xeebs wamoedo, ris Sedegadac moZvra frTa, cecxli waekida korpuss da TviTmfrinavi wamebSi daenarcxa miwaze. saerTaSoriso meteorologiur vebgverdebze aRniSnulia, rom 10 aprils, dilis 10 saaTisTvis smolenskSi 1 gradusi siTbo da Zlieri nisli idga. `severni~ erTaderTi aerodromia smolenskis raionSi, romelsac tu-154-is miReba SeuZlia. Tumca, es aerodromi ar aris aRWurvili Tanamedrove sanavigacio sistemiT brmad daSvebisTvis, rac aqvs yvela saerTaSoriso aeroports. tragediamde ramdenime dRiT adre _ roca smolenskis aerodromze poloneTisa da ruseTis premier-ministrebis TviTmfrinavebi daeSva, aerodromi damatebiTi danadgarebiT aRWurves da maTi gafrenis Semdeg gaitanes. ori qveynis premierebma ramdenime dRiT adre aRniSnes katinis movlenebidan 70 wlisTavi. kaCinski am RonisZiebebze ar miiwvies. uvnebladaa napovni Savi yuTebi. irkveva, rom prezidentis pilotebi katastrofamde 3-5 wamiT adre mixvdnen, rom iRupebodnen. aravin ambobs, icodnen Tu ara amis Sesaxeb mgzavrebma. poloneTis samxedro prokurorma zbignev Jepem ganacxada, rom Savi yuTis firze Cawerili pilotebis bolo frazebi `Zalze dramatulia~. rusi dispetCerebi, romlebic im diliT `severniSi~ morigeobdnen, amboben, rom saprezidento bortis
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kapitans ramdenjerme SesTavazes sarezervo aerodromebze _ vitebskSi, minskSi an moskovSi dajdoma. gamocdili mfrinavi arkadiuS protasiuki ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi muSaobda prezidentTan. haerSi mas 1950-ze meti saaTi hqonda gatarebuli. arsebobs versia, rom, SesaZloa, pilotebma prezidentis brZaneba Seasrules da amitomac ar gaiTvaliswines saxmeleTo dispetCerebis gafrTxileba. prezidenti lex kaCinski erTxel marTlac Seecada Tavisi tu-154is ekipaJis saqmianobaSi Carevas. es iyo 2008 wlis agvistoSi, ruseTsaqarTvelos omis dros, roca misi TviTmfrinavi TbilisSi mofrinavda. maSin piloti ar daemorCila kaCinskis moTxovnas da TviTmfrinavi, saomar mdgomareobaSi myofi Tbilisis nacvlad, baqos aeroportSi dasva. es am pilotis ukanaskneli reisi iyo prezidentis bortze. igi, kaCinskis brZanebiT, gaaTavisufles. SeuZlebelia es istoria ar scodnoda arkadiuS protasiuksac. poloneTSi, ukve ramdenime welia, maRalCinosnebis TviTmfrinavebs `mfrinav kuboebs~ eZaxdnen. ramdenime wlis win poloneTis yofili premieris _ leSek milleris TviTmfrinavs berlinis aeroportSi cecxli gauCnda. sxva incidentebic iyo. Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, politikosebs arasodes ucdiaT aviaparkis ganaxleba, radgan ufrTxodnen sazogadoebriv reaqcias _ axali TviTmfrinavebis SeZena poloneTisTvis Zviri siamovnebaa. smolenskis aviakatastrofasTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs kidev erTi, araoficialuri da yvelaze skandaluri versia. im faqtma, rom kremlis dau-

prezidentis pilotebi katastrofamde 3-5 wamiT adre mixvdnen, rom iRupebodnen. aravin ambobs, icodnen Tu ara amis Sesaxeb mgzavrebma.

Zinebeli oponenti da putinis yvelaze mkacri evropeli kritikosi _ lex kaCinski swored rusul miwaze daiRupa, gaaCina eWvebi, rom aviakatastrofa SemTxveviTi ar yofila. am eWvebis safuZveli ruseTis xelisuflebis Selaxuli reputaciaa. Tundac ruseT-saqarTvelos omi an litvinenkos mkvleloba aris imis magaliTi, rom kremlis liderebi araferze ixeven ukan, roca saqme politikuri oponentebis ganadgurebas exeba. Tumca, es ufro emociuri argumentebia konspiraciuli Teoriebis sasargeblod. am versias araviTari konkretuli faqti Tu garemoeba ar amyarebs. da, savaraudod, arc arasdros gaamyarebs. am tragikul istoriaSi gaurkveveli rCeba kidev erTi ram _ ratom ar daxures aerodromi `severni~ im avbediT dilas, maSin, roca Zlieri nislis gamo, xilvadoba Zalian susti iyo da ratom hqonda rusi dispetCerebis gafrTxilebebs mxolod sarekomendacio xasiaTi? rogorc rusi eqspertebi amboben, aqac politika da daZabuli rusul-polonuri urTierTobebia damnaSave _ ar aris gamoricxuli, kaCinskisTvis smolenskis aerodromis Caketva politikur nabijad aRqmuliyo, rasac saerTaSoriso skandali mohyveboda. tu-154-is Camovardnas 96 adamianis sicocxle emsxverpla. maT Sorisaa ekipaJis 8 wevri. am sabediswero aviareisze imyofebodnen poloneTis politikuri elitis wevrebi, umaRlesi samxedro sardloba sruli SemadgenlobiT, samecniero, sazogadoebrivi da religiuri wreebis warmomadgenlebi, katinSi daxvretili oficrebis naTesavebi. gardacvlilTa didi nawilis identificireba Zalian gaWirda. prezidentis meuRlis _ maria kaCinskas cxedari axloblebma misi saqorwino beWdiT amoicnes. katinSi poloneTis ukanaskneli prezidenti devnilobaSi, riSard kaCorovskic mifrinavda. TviTmfrinavSi iyo polonelebisTvis legendad qceuli anna valentinoviCi, polonuri `solidarnostis~ simbolo da am organizaciis erT-erTi damfuZnebeli.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

fokusi: poloneTi

poloneTi katastrofis Semdeg

smolenskis tragedia momdevno saprezidento arCevnebamde naxevari wliT adre moxda. arCevnebi 2010 wlis Semodgomaze unda gamarTuliyo. konstituciis Tanaxmad, prezidentis movaleobis Semsrulebelma _ seimis (poloneTis umaRlesi sakanonmdeblo organo) marSalma bronislav komorovskim prezidentis gardacvalebidan 14 dReSi vadamdeli saprezidento arCevnebi unda daniSnos. amasTan, arCevnebi unda gaimarTos ara ugvianes 24 ivnisisa. miuxedavad imisa, rom katinis Tavze prezidentobis ori kandidati daiRupa, eqspertebi miiCneven, rom poloneTis saSinao politikaSi momxdars revoluciuri mniSvneloba ar eqneba. tragediis dReebSi uprezidentod da politelitis gareSe darCenilma qveyanam daamtkica, rom Semdgari saxelmwifoa, myari demokratiiTa da gamarTuli saxelmwifo institutebiT. SabaTis katastrofamde poloneTis prezidentis postze mxolod erTi kandidatis vinaoba iyo cnobili. poloneTis wamyvanma politikurma partiam _ `samoqalaqo platformam~, romelsac premier-ministri donald tuski xelmZRvanelobs, mTavar kandidatad seimis marSali bronislav komorovski daasaxela. demokratiuli memarcxene aliansi gegmavda Tavis kandidatad seimis vice-spikeris eJi SmaiZinskis dasaxelebas. SmaiZinski prezident kaCinskis TviTmfrinavSi ijda. miuxedavad arapopularobisa, prezidenti lex kaCinskic gegmavda meore vadiT kenWisyras. aprilis dasawyisSi Catarebuli gamokiTxvebis mixedviT, komorovskis saprezidento arCevnebSi gamarjvebis masze bevrad ukeTesi Sansi hqonda.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

Tavad premier-ministr donald tusks prezidentobis survili arasodes gamouTqvams. konstituciis Tanaxmad, poloneTis prezidents ZiriTadad warmomadgenlobiTi funqciebi aqvs. qveynis realuri mmarTveli ki mTavroba da misi xelmZRvanelia. komorovskis prezidentad arCevis SemTxvevaSi, tuski, savaraudod, SeinarCunebs Tavis posts. prezidentis tyupiscali iaroslav kaCinski, poloneTis yofili premierministri, romelic partia `samarTali da samarTlianobas~ liderobs, premier tuskis dauZinebeli oponentia, iseve rogorc misi prezidenti Zma iyo. gavrcelebuli informaciiT, iaroslav kaCinski Zmis adgilis dakavebas Seecdeba. aviakatastrofis Semdegac mas gaprezidentebis Zalian dabali Sansi aqvs. `saeWvoa, rom am udidesma tragediam `samarTlisa da samarTlianobis~ partiis (Zmebi kaCinskebis partia) reitingis zrda gamoiwvios. savaraudod, es tragedia ufro mSvids da zomiers gaxdis saprezidento kampanias~, _ ambobs bi-bi-si-s eTerSi poloneli eqsperti kSiStof bobinski. savaraudod, lex kaCinskis da mis meuRles krakovSi, vavelis sasaxleSi dakrZalaven. iq, sadac poloneTis saukeTeso Svilebi _ gmirebi da mefeebi ganisveneben. es gadawyvetileba polonelebis didma nawilma ar moiwona. tragediisgan Sokirebuli, magram pragmatuli polonelebi amboben, rom kaCinski ar iyo im rangis sazogado moRvawe, romelic vavelSi dakrZalvas imsaxurebs. konservatori kaTolike

politikuri kariera kaCinskim 1977 wels, iatakqveSa antikomunis-

turi organizaciidan daiwyo da mas Semdeg mTeli cxovreba ebrZoda komunistebsa da rusul imperiul politikas. 1980 wels kaCinski polonuri profkavSiris, `solidarnostis~ wevri xdeba, 2005 wels ki _ poloneTis prezidenti. poloneTSi kaCinskis populistad miiCnevdnen. varSavis merad yofnis periodSi man ramdenjerme akrZala gei-aRlumis Catareba da araerTxel gamovida sikvdiliT dasjis mxardasaWerad. igi Tavs aridebda radikalur sabazro reformebs da ufro socialur programebs atarebda. politikuri elita da sazogadoebis nawili gaaRiziana lex kaCinskis saxifaTo vizitma axalgorSi, ruseT-saqarTvelos omis Semdeg, roca saqarTvelosa da poloneTis prezidentebis korteJs cecxli gauxsnes. oponentebi kaCinskis konservator kaToliked miiCnevdnen, romelic aferxebda poloneTis evrokavSirTan integracias. aseve mas akritikebdnen ruseTTan istoriulad cudi urTierTobebis kidev ufro daZabvis gamo. saqarTveloSi prezident kaCinskis gulmxurvale megobrobas umniSvnelovanes mxardaWerad afasebdnen, poloneTSi ki misi oponentebi amas arapragmatul gadawyvetilebad miiCnevdnen. Tumca, kaCinskis mtrebic ki aRiarebdnen, rom igi iyo principuli, patiosani adamiani da sakuTari qveynis didi patrioti. kaCinskis Ria brZola saqarTvelosa da ukrainis suverenitetis dasacavad gansakuTrebiT aRizianebda kremls. poloneTis prezidenti mourideblad akritikebda putins da mis daufarav survils yofili ssrk-s teritoriebi kvlav rusuli imperiis gavlenis qveS moeqcia. kaCinskis sikvdilsa da kremlis winaaRmdeg mis brZolas Soris albaT marTlac arsebobs simboluri kavSiri. kaCinski mTeli cxovreba ibrZoda im qveynis xelisuflebis winaaRmdeg, romelic pativs arc mas scemda da arc mis qveyanas. am brZolaSi gamarjvebas misTvis imdenad
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fokusi: poloneTi

principuli mniSvneloba hqonda, rom igi sakuTari sicocxlis safrTxeSi Cagdebasac ar erideboda. ruseTis mier okupirebul axalgorSi Casvla am brZolis nawili iyo, da SesaZloa, smolenskTan momxdari aviakatastrofac. putins gansakuTrebiT aRizianebda nato-sa da evrokavSiris frTis qveS amofarebuli, ruseTis yofili vasalis Careva misi gavlenis sferoSi. es patara qveyana, romelic cdilobs evropuli ojaxis srulfasovani wevri gaxdes, vera da ver iqca ruseTisTvis Tanaswor saxelmwifod. moskovisTvis varSavas dResac mxolod usiamovnebebi moaqvs. polonelebisTvis ruseTi yofili kolonizatoria, poloneTis tragikuli istoriis ganuyofeli nawili, romelmac qveyanas bevri ubedureba moutana. am istoriaSi mTavari katinia. katini

tye katinis garSemo uRrani da gauvalia. naZvebi aq ise mWidrod Camwkrivebulan, rom maTi totebi samudamod gadaejaWvnen erTmaneTs. amboben, rom es xeebi 70 wlisaa. 1940 wels, katinis tyeSi 4 aTas 421 poloneli oficeri stalinisa da `nkvd~-s xelmZRvanelis lavrenti berias piradi brZanebiT daxvrites. sul im wels sxvadasxva banakSi sabWoTa xelmZRvanelobam 21 aTas 857 poloneli daxvrita _ oficrebi, eqimebi, advokatebi, Jurnalistebi, maswavleblebi, profesorebi. es masobrivi sasaflao 1943 wels germanelebma aRmoaCines, rodesac sabWoTa kavSiris es teritoriebi daikaves.
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1990 wlamde sabWoTa kavSiri ar aRiarebda poloneli oficrebis daxvretis faqts da acxadebda, rom es hitlerma Caidina. wlebis ganmavlobaSi mTeli evropa da msoflio Tvals xuWavda sabWoTa kavSiris am tyuilze. dRes daRupul polonelTa ojaxebs ar undaT ruseTisgan materialuri kompensacia. maT ojaxebs undaT simarTle. katinSi sabWoTa moqalaqeebic daxvrites da maTi memoriali poloneli oficrebis gverdiTaa. memorialebs Soris gansxvaveba bevria: polonuri movlilia, sabWoTa _ ara. sabWoTas aweria: `politikuri represiebis msxverplni~, polonurs _ ara. polonur memorialTan naZvebi gansakuTrebiT xSiria. amboben, rom isini mas Semdeg darges, rac aq oficrebis gvamebi damarxes. es imisTvis gakeTda, rom am saflavebis adgilsamyofeli aravis arasdros scodnoda. lex kaCinski iq yovel wels araoficialuri vizitiT Cadioda, raTa pativi miego daRupulebisTvis. arada, ruseTSi oficialuri vizitiT igi arasdros Casula. tragediamde oriode dRis win katinis tyeSi vladimir putini da donald tuski Sexvdnen erTmaneTs da poloneli oficrebis memorialTan daiCoqes. putinisgan amas aravin eloda. ruseTis premierma aRiara: `aq dakrZalulni arian poloneli

raoden paradoqsulic unda iyos, SesaZlebelia, kaCinskis sikvdili iyos is fasi, rac poloneTs katinis iaris Sexorcebasa da ruseTTan urTierTobis aRdgenaSi daexmareba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, dRes poloneTSi undaT, rom amis sjerodeT.

oficrebi, romlebic `nkvd~-s brZanebiT daxvrites~, Tumca bodiSi mainc ver moixada. putinma ufro meti isaubra sabWoTa xalxze, romelic aseve represiebis msxverpli iyo. man ufleba ar misca polonelebs, es dRe mxolod maTi oficrebis xsovnis dRe yofiliyo. saerTaSoriso mediam putinis es nabiji sensaciad Seafasa, magram `kgb~-s yofili oficris transformacia ar daijera. rusuli sazogadoebisTvis ki igi SeumCneveli darCa. televiziebma katinis Sexvedra zedapirulad gaaSuqes. 1992 wels, roca moskovma varSavas katinis saqmeSi `nkvd~-s danaSaulis damamtkicebeli dokumentebis nawili gadasca, rusebma CaTvales, rom amiT sabolood daxures es usiamovno Tema. Tumca, rusebi cdebodnen _ piriqiT, am aRiarebiT poloneTisTvis yvelaferi mxolod daiwyo. sociologiuri gamokiTxvebis mixedviT, ruseTis sazogadoebrivi azri ambobs, rom ruseTi ar grZnobs danaSauls polonelebis winaSe warsulis gamo. swored am sazogadoebriv azrs da ruseTis am imperialistur damokidebulebas ebrZoda lex kaCinski, romelic ukve ara marto sicocxliT, sakuTari sikvdiliTac sabolood daukavSirda am dawyevlil adgils. 1940 da 2010 wlis tragediebs Soris polonelebi dRes paralelebs avleben. maT Soris bevri saerTo da bevri gansxvavebaa. 70 wlis win poloneTma ver SeZlo Rirseuli pativi miego Tavisi daRupuli elitisTvis. dRes poloneTi locviT glovobs gardacvlilebs. 70 wlis win stalinisa da hitleris gadawyvetilebiT, poloneTi gamqrali iyo evropis rukidan. dRes demokratiuli poloneTi konstituciis CarCoebSi, organizebulad da Rirseulad umklavdeba Tavs datexil tragedias. gansxvavebulia msoflios reaqciac. amjerad msoflios yvela lideri erTimeores aswrebs Tanaliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

grZnobis gamoxatvas. katinis pirveli tragedia ki wlebis ganmavlobaSi totalitaruli tyuiliT iyo dafaruli da mis aRiarebasac ki veravin bedavda. rogorc polonuri presa wers, polonelebisTvis yvelaze uCveulo `kgb~-s yofili oficris _ vladimir putinis reaqcia iyo. putini ramdenjerme mivida katastrofis adgilas, 12 aprili ruseTSi glovis dRed gamoacxada da saxelmwifo telearxze anjei vaidas aqamde mis mierve akrZaluli filmis _ `katinis~ Cveneba brZana. am filmSi aRwerilia rusuli `kgb~-s sisastike poloneli oficrebis mimarT. 1943 wels, poloneTis imdroindeli sagareo saqmeTa ministri Tavis ubis wignakSi werda: `Tu damtkicda ruseTis brali katinis movlenebSi, rogor moviTxovoT momavali Taobebisgan rusebTan keTilmezobluri urTierTobebis awyoba? mgoni, am kiTxvaze pasuxi dRes ar arsebobs~. am Canaweris Semdeg 63 weli gavida. meore katinma, romelic poloneTis Tavze datrialda, SeiZleba am kiTxvas yvelaze moulodneli pasuxi gasces. raoden paradoqsulic unda iyos, SesaZlebelia, kaCinskis sikvdili iyos is fasi, rac poloneTs katinis iaris Sexorcebasa da ruseTTan urTierTobis aRdgenaSi daexmareba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, dRes poloneTSi undaT, rom amis sjerodeT. polonurma gazeTma Rzeczpospolita-m gamoaqveyna sityva, romelic lex kaCinskis katinis memorialTan unda warmoeTqva. `katini polonuri istoriis mtkivneul iarad iqca da mravali aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi gaafuWa urTierTobebi polonelebsa da rusebs Soris. modiT, gavakeToT ise, rom es iara sabolood Sexorcdes da morCes. Cven swor gzaze varT. Cven, polonelebi vafasebT imas, rac bolo dros rusebma gaakeTes. da am gziT, romelic aaxloebs Cvens xalxebs, momavalSic unda viaroT. ar unda gavCerdeT da ukan ar davixioT~.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

politika

opozicia gaCeCilaZis gareSe

levan gaCeCilaZe arCevnebs gamoeTiSa. opozicia gaerTianebaze aRar fiqrobs da saarCevno siebis daxvewisTvis ibrZvis.
maia wiklauri

levan gaCeCilaZe `maestros~ studiaSi, 16 aprili 2010

gasuli kvira 12 aprils centralur saarCevno komisiaSi siebis monitoringis Sedegebis prezentaciiT daiwyo da 16 aprils levan gaCeCilaZis gancxadebiT dasrulda. opoziciis erT-erTma mniSvnelovanma figuram sabolood dausva wertili kiTxvas, miiRebs Tu ara arCevnebSi monawileobas. `me mTeli Cemi energia Cavde gaerTianebis da erToblivi brZolis saqmeSi, magram ar gamovida! amitom miviRe gadawyvetileba, rom ar davayeno kandidatura Tbilisis meris arCevnebSi!~ _ ganacxada gaCeCilaZem. gaCeCilaZis TqmiT, mas ar surda arCevnebSi monawileobiT kidev ufro gaexliCa opozicia. Tuki

opoziciis erTerTma mniSvnelovanma figuram, levan gaCeCilaZem gasul kviras sabolood dausva wertili kiTxvas, miiRebs Tu ara arCevnebSi monawileobas.

opozicia merobis kandidatze, an maJoritarobis kandidatebze mainc ver SeTanxmda, gaCeCilaZe aravis mxardaWeras ar apirebs. miuxedavad miRebuli gadawyvetilebisa,
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foto levan xerxeuliZe

politika

`daicavi saqarTvelos~ lideri ambobs, rom xelisuflebis Sesacvlelad brZolas nebismieri formiT gaagrZelebs. arCevnebSi monawileobaze uaris Semdeg saprotesto aqciebis ganaxleba realisturi suraTia, miT umetes, rom gaCeCilaZisTvis opoziciis gaerTianebis idea gakotrebulia, arCevnebis mogebis Sansi ki _ uperspeqtivo. `roca Sinagan saqmeTa ministri winaswar acxadebs, rom arCevnebs mmarTveli Zala moigebs, yvelaferi garkveulia, _ Tqva gaCeCilaZem `maestros~ eTerSi, _ is, rac moxda yirgizeTSi, Zalian cudia. Tu Cvens qveyanaSic igive ganmeorda, vfiqrob, rom amaSi saakaSvilis, ugulavas da merabiSvilis wvlili Zalian didi iqneba. xalxs yelSi amouva situacia da gareT gamova~. im politikuri ZalebisTvis, vinc TamaSSi rCeba, gaerTianeba aqtualuri aRar aris. maTi erT-erTi

hqondeT, roca ubnebSi kedlis siebis gakvras daiwyeben. cesko-s monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi 3 580 000 amomrCevelia. statistikis erovnuli samsaxuris monacemebTan SedarebiT ki, es cifri 157 000 amomrCevliT naklebia. rogorc centraluri saarCevno komisiis Tavmjdomare zurab xaratiSvili monitoringis dawyebamde acxadebda, siaSi uzustoba saerTo raodenobis 1%-ze meti ar unda yofiliyo, rac 35 800 amomrCevelia. Tumca ukve damuSavebul monacemebSi mxolod cesko-m 80 000-mde xarveziani Canaweri aRmoaCina. am cifrSi partiebis mier aRmoCenili 2 000 Secdomacaa gaTvaliswinebuli. Sesamowmebeli darCa dokumentebis didi nawili, ris Semdegac, savaraudod, uzusto Canawerebis ricxvic gaizrdeba. partiebma cesko-s Semdegi tipis darRvevebi warudgines: gardacvlilebi siaSi, binaze miwe-

`mrewvelebma~ waradgines. maT mxolod TbilisSi daaxloebiT 6000 uzustoba aRmoaCines. 10 000-mde uzustoba daafiqsira partia `saqarTvelos gzamac~. zurab xaratiSvilis gancxadebiT, siebSi ukve gasworda iseTi xarvezebi, rogoricaa erT binaSi registrirebuli 20 da meti amomrCeveli. Tumca gamovlinda 3 iseTi korpusi, sadac msgavs SemTxvevebSi mosaxleebi miwerilTa siidan amoweraze uars amboben. erT SemTxvevaSi, korpusSi 70 adamianiT metia Cawerili, vidre realurad iq cxovrobs, or SemTxvevaSi ki _ 40-iT meti. binaze miwerilTa saqmis garkvevaze yuradReba USAID-is warmomadgenelma xaTuna xviCiam gaamaxvila. man Sexvedrisas ganacxada, rom unda gairkves, Tu vin agebs SecdomiT miweril pirebze pasuxs. es sakiTxi politikurma partiebma da sxva arasamTavroboebmac dasves.

cesko-sa da siebis monitoringis monawile subieqtebs Soris erT-erTi yvelaze sakamaTo Tema sazRvargareT myofi amomrCevelia, romelTa daTvla da monacemebis dazustebac ver xerxdeba.

Tavsatexi saarCevno siebis mowesrigebis sakiTxia. amomrCevelTa siebis monitoringSi sul 14 politikuri subieqti monawileobda. maTgan TerTmets cesko-m 1,2 milioni lari gamouyo. TiTo partias 100 000 lari gadasces. imis gamo, rom irakli oqruaSvilis partiam _ `moZraoba erTiani saqarTvelosTvis~ monitoringze uari ganacxada, misTvis gankuTvnili Tanxa yvelas gaunawiles. finansuri xarjTaRricxva, cesko-s informaciiT, orma partiam `qristian demokratiulma moZraobam~ da `nacionalurma moZraobam~ ukve waradgina. sxvebi amis gakeTebas uaxloes momavalSi apireben. cesko-Si ki partiebis monacemebs amuSaveben da aRmoCenil xarvezebs asworeben. maT TiTqmis dasrulebuli suraTi 19 aprilisTvis unda
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rilebi, sazRvargareT wasulebi, siaSi gamotovebuli amomrCeveli, gaorebuli amomrCeveli, gansxvaveba faqtobriv da registrirebul sacxovrebels Soris, ararsebuli misamarTebi da arazusti piradi monacemebi. rogorc prezentaciaze aRiniSna, erT-erTi yvelaze mowesrigebuli monacemebi `aliansma~ warmoadgina. maT TbilisSi gamokiTxuli 338 796 amomrCevlidan xarvezi 20,6%is (70 018) monacemebSi aRmoaCines. regionebSi `aliansma~ mxolod 46 ubani Seamowma. aq maT10 000-mde darRveva daafiqsires. `aliansis~ informaciiT, procentulad yvelaze didi maCvenebeli sazRvargareT mcxovrebma mosaxleobam da binebSi miwerilebma daikaves. erT-erTma pirvelma saarCevno komisiaSi monitoringis Sedegebi

xaratiSvilma ki ganacxada, rom am mimarTulebiT saqmis warmoebas cesko siebis Camoyalibebis Semdeg gegmavs. Tavis mxriv, cesko-s mier Catarebul saqmianobas axalgazrda iuristebi gauweven monitorings. cesko-sa da siebis monitoringis monawile subieqtebs Soris erTerTi yvelaze sakamaTo Tema sazRvargareT myofi amomrCevelia, romelTa daTvla da monacemebis dazustebac ver xerxdeba. prezentaciaze xaratiSvilma ganacxada, rom wels pirveli SemTxveva iqneba, roca komisias sazRvargareT myofi amomrCevlebis sias Sinagan saqmeTa saministro miawvdis. rogorc cesko-Si acxadeben, siebSi cvlilebebis Setana 24 aprilamde unda dasruldes. swored am dRes mTavrdeba saarCevno ubnebSi kedlis siebis gakvra.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

politika

Tvalsazrisi

WeSmaritebis momenti,
anu modelirebuli "qronika", rogorc ukangamxedvaris winaswarmetyveleba
2010 wlis TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebis Sedegebzea damokidebuli ara marto is, Tu rogor warimarTeba politikuri procesebi saqarTveloSi, aramed _ saerTod qarTuli saxelmwifos samomavlo ganviTarebis perspeqtiva.
daviT zurabiSvili, respublikuri partia `vardebis revoluciis~ Semdeg saqarTvelos hqonda unikaluri Sansi, moexdina Tvisobrivi garRveva evropuli tipis demokratiul saxelmwifod Camoyalibebis mimarTulebiT. xelisuflebis popularobisa da uprecedento sagareo mxardaWeris pirobebSi amis gakeTeba arc ise rTuli iyo. ar Sevudgebi imis ganxilvas, Tu ratom ver moxerxda amis miRweva. faqtia, rom dRes saqarTvelom TiTqmis dakarga geopolitikuri funqcia da regionuli lideridan regionul autsaiderad gadaiqca. samomavlo perspeqtivis konteqstSi mniSvnelovania imis gacnobiereba, rom mdgomareobidan gamosvlis resursi saakaSvilis xelisuflebas ar gaaCnia; ufro sworad, Teoriulad ki aqvs, magram es mxolod Teoriaa. xelisuflebaSi mosvlis pirveli dRidanve saakaSvili mizanmimarTulad axdenda Zalauflebis koncentracias da centralizacias. dRes mTeli Zalaufleba Tavmoyrilia piradad prezidentis da misi uaxloesi garemocvis xelSi. qveyana faqtobrivad imarTeba ara saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi institutebis, aramed prezidentis qolgis qveS myofi xuTkaciani jgufis mier. uklebliv yvela politikuri gadawyvetileba am viwro, araformalur wreSi miiReba. am jgufis strategia emyareboda
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

jorj buSis administraciis mZlavr mxardaWeras da gulisxmobda proamerikuli avtoritaruli reJimis formirebas, romelic unda gamxdariyo ruseTis sawinaaRmdego samxedro-politikuri bastioni kavkasiis regionSi. obamas mosvlis Semdeg aseTi strategia sruliad amovarda saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis konteqstidan, magram sxva strategia saakaSvilis xelisuflebas ar aqvs da arc unda, rom hqondes. Zalauflebis ganmtkicebis procesSi xelisufleba sakmaod agdebulad ekideboda elementarul samarTlebriv Tu moralur normebs. isini darwmunebulebi iyvnen, rom

Zalauflebis SenarCunebis jiut mcdelobas mxolod erTi Sedegi SeiZleba mohyves _ saqarTvelos sruli dabruneba rusuli politikuri gavlenis sivrceSi.

Zalian didxans iqnebian xelisuflebaSi (`es xelisufleba movida Zalian didi xniT~ _ jer kidev xuTi wlis
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ilustracia sofo kirTaZe / wignis saxelosno

politika

win sruliad daufaravad ganacxada am xelisuflebis gavlenianma wevrma, giga bokeriam televiziiT), amitom bevris uflebas aZlevdnen sakuTar Tavs da naklebad fiqrobdnen namoqmedaris dafarvaze. saboloo jamSi xelisufleba sakuTari Secdomebisa da danaSaulebis mZevali gaxda. Zalauflebis decentralizacia da dekoncentracia garduvals xdis saakaSvilisa da misi gundis xelisuflebidan wasvlas. am SemTxvevaSi ki, Zalian maRalia imis albaToba, rom mmarTveli gundi sabraldebo skamze aRmoCndes. xelisuflebis kidev erTi problema is aris, rom am sistemaSi principulad SeuZlebelia putinimedvedevis variantis gaTamaSeba, anu saakaSvilis droebiT ukana planze gadasvla da misi garemocvis sxva figuris wamoweva. im tipis lideri, romelic saxelisuflo memkvidreobas legitimurad gadaibarebs, prezidentis garemocvidan ver SeirCeva erTi elementaruli mizezis gamo: vinc unda movides xelisuflebaSi, mas mouwevs viRacas mainc daakisros pasuxismgebloba im danaSaulebze, rac saakaSvilis mmarTvelobis drosaa Cadenili. axal liders legitimaciisTvis dasWirdeba msxverpli, visac gadabraldeba warsulis codvebi. savsebiT bunebrivia, rom es msxverpli iyos TviTon saakaSvili. sxva variantis arseboba, amJamindeli xelisuflebis wevris gaprezidentebis SemTxvevaSi, ubralod gamoricxulia. raoden paradoqsuladac unda JRerdes, saakaSvilis gadarCenis Sansi mxolod misi garemocvis gareTaa. Tuki prezidenti Seecdeba, gaurigdes opoziciis romelime warmomadgenels (an, rogorc minimum im pirs, vinc dRes xelisuflebaSi ar aris) da masTan SeTanxmebiT daiwyos Zalauflebis gadabarebis procesi, SesaZlebelia, piradad man miiRos usafrTxoebis garantiebi da gantevebis vacad misi garemocvis gavleniani wevrebi iqcnen. Tumca misi politikuri kursi, misi strategia da taqtika mxolod
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erT rameze miuTiTebs: es kaci SesaSuri sijiutiT cdilobs, dabrundes im mdgomareobaSi, rogorSic imyofeboda 2007 wlis noembramde, dabrundes iq, sadac kvlav iqneba msoflio aRiarebis mqone maRalreitinguli lideri. arada, saakaSvilis politikuri reanimacia principulad SeuZlebelia. misi mcdelobebi, SeinarCunos Zalaufleba, ukve wminda TviTmiznur xasiaTs atarebs da ar ewereba arc saerTaSoriso koniunqturaSi da arc saerTod politikuri mizanSewonilobis logikaSi. Zalauflebis SenarCunebis jiut mcdelobas ki mxolod erTi Sedegi SeiZleba mohyves _ saqarTvelos sruli dabruneba rusuli politikuri gavlenis sivrceSi, rac aucileblad gulisxmobs arsebuli xelisuflebis Secvlas ruseTisadmi loialuri reJimiT. es varianti aris sruliad realuri, ar vici, rogor gaTamaSdeba igi: ukrainuli scenariT, yirgizuliT Tu kidev ufro uaresiT _ pirdapiri samxedro agresiis gziT, magram arastabilur, gauwonasworebel liders, romelic geostrategiulad mniSvnelovan regionSi mudmivi Tavis tkivilia yvelasTvis, didxans aravin moiTmens, da misi gulisTvis arc mesame msoflio oms aravin daiwyebs. swored amitomaa TviTmmarTvelobis arCevnebi TbilisSi WeSmaritebis momentis tolfasi. zomieri, prodasavluri Zalis gamarjvebis SemTxvevaSi, jer kidev rCeba realuri Sansi, raTa saakaSvilis xelisuflebis etapobrivi Secvla daiwyos. am SemTxvevaSi, Zalian mniSvnelovania Tavad xelisuflebis marcxis dafiqsirebis precedenti _ xelisuflebis monoliTuroba mTlianad imaze dgas, rom am xalxs absoluturad yvelaferi gasdis, da rogorc erTxel prezidentma Tavad ganacxada, rasac gadawyveten, sisulelec rom iyos, bolomde miiyvanen. prodasavluri opoziciis gamarjveba iqneboda mkafio gzavnili qveynis gareTac: saqarTveloSi ar-

sebobs saakaSvilis gundis Semcvleli politikuri resursi, romelic qveynis evro-atlantur orientacias ar Secvlis CrdiloeTze sworebiT, rac geometriuli progresiiT gazrdida xelisuflebaze zewolas dasavleTis mxridan. Sida da gare zewolis qveS moqceuli saakaSvili ubralod iZulebuli iqneba seriozul daTmobebze wavides da faqtobrivad daTanxmdes xelisuflebis gadabarebis procesis dawyebas. sxvanairad is ver moiqceva, radgan dasavleTis winaaRmdeg wasvla niSnavs ruseTis pirispir marto darCenas, aqedan gamomdinare SedegebiT. im SemTxvevaSic ki, Tuki arCevnebSi imarjvebs xelisufleba, gigi ugulava xdeba qalaqis arCeuli meri, magram sakrebuloSi prodasavluri opozicia soliduradaa warmodgenili, politikuri procesebis ganviTareba igive scenariT moxdeba, oRond naklebad forsirebulad. saakaSvils mainc mouwevs Zalauflebis wilis daTmoba, radgan realuri prodasavluri alternativa qarTul politikaSi ukve realuri faqtori xdeba. erTaderTi varianti, rac xelisuflebas SeunarCenebs dRevandel status-kvos, aris didi upiratesobiT gamarjveba, Tan im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki saerTaSoriso damkvirveblebi aRiareben, rom es arCevnebi wingadadgmuli nabiji iyo winasTan SedarebiT. es Zalian Zneli amocanaa arsebuli ganwyobebis gaTvaliswinebiT. amgvari variantis uzrunvelyofa xelisuflebam romc moaxerxos, es faqtobrivad moklavs prodasavlur diskurss saqarTveloSi da opoziciur flangze ukiduresad gaaZlierebs prorusuli orientaciis gaerTianebebs. saakaSvilis gakotrebuli xelisufleba amiT dasavleTis TvalSic bevrs verafers moigebs da stabilurobas ver uzrunvelyofs. am situaciaSi Zalian realuri xdeba modelirebuli `qronikis~ msgavsi scenari, romelic namdvilad SeiZleba gamodges ukangamxedvari xelisuflebis sabediswero winaswarmetyveleba.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

politika

diskusia saqarTvelo-ruseTis omze

saqarTvelos saSinao davaleba

`saqarTvelo ruseTTan omSi damarcxda! _ SeTanxmdnen hainrix biolis fondSi gamarTuli diskusiis monawileebi. germanul fondSi gamarTul sajaro debatebze ruseT-saqarTvelos omsa da mis Sedegebze imsjeles.
nino robaqiZe

diskusia biolis fondSi, 15 aprili 2010

marSalis fondis transatlantikuri centris aRmasrulebeli direqtoris, ronald asmusis wigni _ `patara omi, romelmac SeZra msoflio Sexvedris mTavari Tema unda yofiliyo, Tumca stumarTa umravlesobas es wigni wakiTxuli ar hqonda, amitom Sexvedra wignis wardgenas ufro hgavda, vidre mis ganxilvas. es wigni gamosvlis dRidan qarTuli mediisTvis mTavar axali ambad iqca. telekompania `imedma mas `specialuri reportaJi da wignis monakveTebis mixedviT momzadebuli inscenirebuli siuJetebic miuZRvna. ronald asmusis mier ucxour presaSi gamoqveynebuli werilebis
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

gaSuqeba qarTulma nacionalurma mauwyeblebma taliavinis komisiis daskvnis gamoqveynebis Semdeg daiwyes. oqtomberSi ronald asmusi The New Republic-is furclebidan evropas umoqmedobisTvis akritikebda da svamda kiTxvas _ ra gakveTili miiRo am omiT evropam da ramdenad mzadaa igi, axali omis prevenciisTvis saqarTveloSi? swored am sakiTxiT daiwyo asmusma saubari biolis fondSic da aRniSna, rom misi wignis mTavari mizani am patara omis irgvliv debatebis gacocxleba iyo. `albaT 90-ian wlebSi dasavleTi bevrad Zlieri iyo. SemdgomSi misi konsensusi gaixliCa.

`ras izamda evropa maSin, Tu saqarTvelos demokratias marTlac wuni ar eqneboda?~ _ es hainrix biolis fondSi gamarTul diskusiaze mTavari kiTxva iyo.

Cemi survilia, dasavleTma dainaxos sakuTari problemebi da sworad Seafasos, Tu ras niSnavda ruseTis mier saqarTvelos sazRvris
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foto levan xerxeuliZe

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gamoiwereT Jurnali liberali

beWduri versia 12 nomeri _ 3 Tve 22 lari 24 nomeri _ 6 Tve 45 lari 48 nomeri _ 1 weli 90 lari

PDF versia 12 nomeri _ 3 Tve 13 lari 24 nomeri _ 6 Tve 25 lari 48 nomeri _ 1 weli 50 lari

Jurnalis gamosawerad dagvikavSirdiT telefonebze: 23 37 31, (899) 48 62 41 an mogvawodeT Tqveni sakontaqto informacia el-fostiT: info@liberali.ge

darRveva ara marto am patara qveynisTvis. es iyo mcdeloba xelaxla daweriliyo saerTaSoriso TamaSis wesebi, _ ganacxada ronald asmusma diskusiis dros da ganmarta, rom ufro didi evropa ufro advilad SeZlebs Tavis problemebis mogvarebas da amitom saqarTvelos misma problemebma xeli ar unda SeuSalos nato-sken moZraobaSi. `am wignSi ramdenjerme Semxvda gzavnili, rom yvelam unda Caixedos sarkeSi da, ra Tqma unda, me amas veTanxmebi, magram vidre evropisken xels gaviSverdeT, xom ar jobs saqarTvelos Secdomebze visaubroT?! vTvli, rom Cveni qveynis yvela megobarma pirvel rigSi swored Secdomebze unda migviTiTos, raTa gavxdeT iseTi qveyana, romelsac ver etyodnen buqarestSi uars MAPis miRebaze, _ ganacxada saerTaSoriso samarTlis eqspertma TinaTin xidaSelma da ganmarta, rom asmusis wignSi Zalian zedapiruladaa ganxiluli qarTuli saxelmwifos saSinao problemebi _ `nawilobrivi simarTle ar uwyobs xels Cveni mdgomareobis gaumjobesebas. iqneb swored imitom ar idga dasavleTi mowodebis simaRleze, rom ruseTis da saqarTvelos saxiT erTmaneTs ori principulad erTnairi reJimi ebrZoda da am brZolaSi, ubralod, Zlierma moigo. Tumca, ronald asmusis azriT, am omSi damarcxda ara marto saqarTvelo, aramed evropac, radgan ruseTma daarRvia civi omis Semdgomi evropis usafrTxoebis umTavresi principi, rom sazRvrebi evropaSi Zalis gamoyenebiT aRarasdros Seicvleboda. `ras izamda evropa maSin, Tu saqarTvelos demokratias marTlac wuni ar eqneboda?~ _ es kiTxva diskusiaze hainrix biolis fondis samxreT kavkasiis regionuli biuros direqtorma iris kempem dasva. misive ganmartebiT, es iyo ruseTis dapirispireba dasavleTTan, romelic saqarTveloSi sustad iyo warmodgenili da swored es gaxda rogorc saqarTvelos, ise dasavleTis marcxis mizezi.

mSvidobis, demokratiisa da ganviTarebis kavkasiuri institutis eqspertis gia nodias gancxadebiT, es omi jer ar dasrulebula, radgan ar Secvlila Casus belli anu omis dawyebis formaluri mizezi da saqarTvelo, marTalia, dRes ufro Sors aris evro-atlantikur struqturebSi integraciisgan, magram mainc dasavleTisken aqvs gezi: `Cven ukan davixieT, Cven omi ar mogvigia. Cven davkargeT iluzia, rom afxazeTisa da samxreTi oseTis problemebis gadawyveta axlo momavalSi SeiZleba. magram Cven ar unda miveceT TviTgvemas _ TiTqos yvelaferi mxolod Cveni bralia. ruseTi orientirebulia mowinaaRmdegis, anu Cvens sisusteze. amitom Cveni brZolis velia, davrCeT demokratiul saxelmwifod da, SeiZleba bevri dascinis buSs am sityvebisTvis, magram unda SevecadoT da gavamarTloT saxeli `demokratiis Suqura, _ ganacxada gia nodiam. diskusiis bolos Semajamebeli sityviT ronald asmusma saqarTvelos politikur momavalzec isaubra, Tumca misi prognozebi arcTu ise damaimedeblad JRerda: `dRes saqarTvelo ar aris politikis centrSi. uaxloesi ori-sami wlis ganmavlobaSi Tqvens dRis wesrigSi swori orientirebis SenarCuneba dgas. am droSi amerikis axali administraciis poziciebic ufro naTeli gaxdeba da maTi moqmedebac ufro adekvaturi. ronald asmusis am prognozis Semdeg kidev ufro saintereso xdeba _ ra daanaxa am patara omma dasavleTs? ronald asmusis TqmiT, swored am omis mniSvnelobis warmoCenaa misi wignis mTavari mizani. `interneiSnl herald tribunis~ mimomxilveli jon vinokuri werda, _ `es aris ruseTis saqarTveloSi SeWris Sesaxeb kargi axali wigni, romlisTvisac SegveZlo dagverqmia `patara omi, romelsac SeeZlo, magram ver SeZra msoflio. ivlisSi ki gamoicema ukve wignis qarTuli Targmani, romelic saqarTveloSi agvistos omze sajaro diskusiis dawyebas kidev erTxel miscems starts.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

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Tvalsazrisi

konfliqtis fa qtobrivi mxare

taliavinis daskvna nakleb mizezs gvaZlevs, vamtkicoT qarTuli mxaris braleuloba Zalis gamoyenebis normaTa darRvevaSi.

vaxtang janezaSvili, erasmusis universiteti, roterdami dRes msoflio sainformacio saagentoebi, simoklis mizniT, erT winadadebaSi ateven agvistos konfliqtis arss: ruseTma SeaCera saqarTvelos Tavdasxma samxreT oseTze. TavisTavad es diplomatiur da uwyinar frazad moCans. misi ukeTesi mxare ki isaa, rom mas ar aqvs pretenzia samarTlebrivad koreqtuli terminebis gamoyenebaze. evrokavSirma 2008 wlis 2 dekembers Seqmna damoukidebeli saerTaSoriso faqtebis Semswavleli misia saqarTveloSi konfliqtze. misiis mandats warmoadgenda konfliqtis warmoSobisa da mimdinareobis faqtobrivi mxaris gamoZieba. daskvnis Sesaval nawilSi xazgasmiT naTqvamia, rom misia mowodebuli iyo, Seeswavla faqtebi da samarTlebrivi Sefasebis kompetencia mas ar hqonda. Tumca, es daskvna msoflio presaSi popularuli umTavresad misi im nawilis gamo gaxda, sadac misia saerTaSoriso samarTalSi Zalis gamoyenebis normebs samarTlebriv Sefasebas aZlevs. saerTaSoriso samarTlis eqspertebma araerTi statia gamoaqveynes taliavinis daskvnis iuridiuli Sefasebebis uzustobebze. magaliTad, gaero-s qartiis 2.4-e muxli exeba Zalis gamoyenebis akrZalvas saxelmwifoTa Soris. taliavinis daskvnis mignebad unda CaiTvalos am muxlis gavrceleba samxreT oseTze, romelic saerTaSoriso samarTlis subieqti ar aris. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT msgavs
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

rusi samxedroebi da qarTveli policielebi goris misadgomebTan, agvisto 2008

araerT sakamaTo Sejamebas, misiis daskvna CvenTvis mniSvnelovanad rCeba kvlavac misi erTaderTi mandatidan gamomdinare _ konfliqtis faqtobrivi mxaris garkveva. Zalis gamoyeneba sakamaTod rCeba, marTlac vis hqonda Zalis gamoyenebis ufleba da vis _ ara. gaero-s qartiis 2.4-e muxlis mixedviT, Zalis gamoyeneba ikrZaleba sxva saxelmwifos teritoriuli mTlianobisa da politikuri damoukideblobis winaaRmdeg. 2008 wlis agvistoSi gaero-s yvela wevri saxelmwifo samxreT oseTs saqarTvelos nawilad aRiarebda. saqarTvelos samxedro moqmedebebi

sakamaTod rCeba, marTlac vis hqonda Zalis gamoyenebis ufleba da vis _ ara. 2008 wlis agvistoSi gaero-s yvela wevri saxelmwifo samxreT oseTs saqarTvelos nawilad aRiarebda.

samxreT oseTSi ar warmoadgenda ruseTis winaaRmdeg qartiis 2.4-e muxlis darRvevas.

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taliavinis daskvnis faqtobrivi informaciiT (Volume I, abzaci 16) misia adasturebs, rom daqiravebulTa da moxaliseTa Semosvla rokis gvirabiT agvistos dasawyisSi daiwyo da aseve am droisTvis regionSi ukve iyo mciredi rusuli jari (`some Russian forces, Volume I, abzaci16), romelic ar warmoadgenda samSvidobo jars. es faqti ukve warmoadgens gaero-s qartiis 2.4-e muxlis darRvevas ruseTis mier da utovebs saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ganusxvisebel uflebas (gaero-s qartia, muxli 51). samSvidobo xelSekrulebebi Zalis gamoyenebis akrZalvaze, saerTaSoriso samarTlis zogadi normis garda, sagulisxmoa, dairRva Tu ara saqarTvelos an ruseTis mxridan im droisTvis arsebuli samSvidobo xelSekrulebebi. rusuli samSvidobo Zalebi saqarTvelos teritoriaze imyofebodnen ori saerTaSoriso samSvidobo xelSekrulebis safuZvelze: 1992 wlis e.w. soWis SeTanxmeba, romelic samxreTi oseTis konfliqtis mogvarebas exeba da 994 wlis e.w. moskovis SeTanxmeba, romelic dsT-s mandatiT afxazeTSi samSvidoboebs agzavnida. sxva samxedro Zalis Seyvana konfliqtis zonebSi, romelic am xelSekrulebebiT gaTvaliswinebul samxedro Zalebs ar warmoadgens, dasaSvebia mxolod saqarTvelos TanxmobiT. soWis SeTanxmeba, romelic cecxlis Sewyvetis SeTanxmebaa, erTerTi mxaris mier misi darRvevis SemTxvevaSi, iTvaliswinebs Sereuli sakontrolo komisiis mier gamoZiebis Catarebas da sxva zomebis miRebas mSvidobis aRsadgenad. igive xelSekruleba preambulaSi ganamtkicebs gaero-s qartiis mniSvnelobas konfliqtis mogvarebaSi. rogorc aRvniSneT, ruseTs ukve hyavda regionSi damatebiTi jari Seyvanili, garda samSvidobo nawilebisa. Sereuli sakontrolo komisia uZluri aRmoCnda, SeeCerebina samSvidobo xelSekrulebis es saSiSi darRveva. aRsaniSnavia,
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rom saqarTvelos soWis xelSekrulebiT ar Seucvlia arc gaero-s qartiis Zalis gamoyenebis normebis moqmedeba regionSi, da arc samxreTi oseTi uRiarebia calke erTeulad misi suverenitetis gareT. Sesabamisad, SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom saqarTvelo ukve iyo kanonieri Zalis gamoyenebis mdgomareobaSi ruseTis srulmasStabian SemoWramde 2008 wlis 8 agvistos. miuxedavad zemoT Tqmulisa, CavTvaloT, rom saqarTvelom ukanonod daiwyo cxinvalze ieriSi. sainteresoa, hqonda Tu ara ruseTs am SemTxvevaSic ki SemoWris ufleba. moqalaqeTa dacva ruseTis mier moqalaqeTa dacvis mizniT Zalis gamoyeneba ar Seesabameba gaero-s qartiis 2.4-e muxls. gaero-s Seqmnis Semdeg es argumenti ar xvdeba Zalis gamoyenebis gamarTlebaTa Soris. meore msoflio omis Semdeg saerTaSoriso Tanamegobrobam mravaljer dagmo am mizeziT Zalis gamoyenebis gamarTleba, da miuTiTa, rom moqalaqeTa dacva SesaZlebelia mxolod diplomatiuri da sakonsulo saSualebebiT _ molaparakebebis an saerTaSoriso sasamarTloebis gziT. ruseTs SeeZlo moexdina Tavisi moqalaqeebis evakuacia, maT Soris _ Tavisi samSvidobo jaris. ruseTis ukanono nawilebi legitimur samiznes warmoadgenda qarTuli jarisTvis. maTTan erTad an siaxloves myofi samSvidoboebis daRupva mxolod humanitaruli samarTlis normebis Sesabamisad SeiZleba Sefasdes, rasac kavSiri ar aqvs Zalis gamoyenebis samarTalTan. aseve, taliavinis daskvna ambobs, rom orive regionSi mcxovrebi mosaxleoba, romlebmac rusuli moqalaqeoba pasportizaciis (Volume I, abzaci 12) gziT SeiZines, saqarTvelos moqalaqeebad rCebian. Tumca, SeTanxmebisamebr, SegviZlia uari vTqvaT daskvnis am argumentze, rogorc samarTlebriv Sefasebaze.

genocidi da humanitaruli intervencia ruseTma saqarTvelos SemoWris erT-erT gamarTlebad mimdinare genocidis danaSauli daasaxela. ruseTis xelisuflebam ganacxada, rom 7 agvistos Semdeg qarTvelma samxedroebma 2000 adamiani mokles. ruseTis xelisuflebam es cifri SemdgomSi 162 adamianamde Seamcira (Volume I, abzaci 27). mniSvnelovania, rom genocidis danaSaulis Semadgenlobis umTavresi elementia _ konkretuli religiuri, eTnikuri Tu sxva jgufis sruli an nawilobrivi ganadgurebis ganzraxva. Tu kvlavac taliavnis daskvnis mxolod faqtobriv mxares vendobiT, genocidis ganzraxva qarTuli jaris mxridan ar dadasturda aranairi SesaZlo gziT (Volume I, abzaci 27). meore mizezi, aseve adamianis uflebaTa dacvis konteqstSi, iyo humanitaruli intervenciis ufleba. ruseTis xelisufleba, humanitaruli intervenciis motiviT, kosovoSi nato-s jaris SeWris dros im saxelmwifoTa gverdiT dadga, romlebmac uaryves aseTi uflebis arseboba. radgan gaeros wevr qveyanaTa umravlesobam uari Tqva humanitaruli intervenciis uflebis aRiarebaze, es ufleba ver Camoyalibda saerTaSoriso CveulebiT samarTlad da ar warmoadgens samarTlebrivi Zalis mqone normas. Sesabamisad, ruseTma agvistos omi gaamarTla mis mierve dagmobili ararsebuli uflebiT. taliavinis daskvna nakleb mizezs gvaZlevs, vamtkicoT qarTuli mxaris braleuloba Zalis gamoyenebis normaTa darRvevaSi. sainteresoa, rom swored es aspeqti gaxda, da ara konfliqtis orive mxaris mier omis warmoebis samarTlis (saerTaSoriso humanitaruli samarTali) darRveva, im argumentebis mTavari wyaro, romlebiTac saqarTvelos xelisuflebas adanaSauleben msoflio presasa Tu politikur diskusiebSi.
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Tvalsazrisi

miSas msoflio TamaSebi

prezidenti mixeil saakaSvili amerikis SeerTebul Statebsa da saqarTveloSi urTierTgamomricxav mosazrebebs warmoadgens.
martin nogtoni, mkvlevari da analitikosi prezidentma saakaSvilma axlaxan amerikis nacionalur radios misca interviu, romelSic aRniSna, rom farisevlobasa da demagogias aq, am regionSi xangrZlivi warsuli aqvs~. regionSi~, savaraudod, postsabWoTa sivrces gulisxmobda. gana ironia ar aris, rom imave interviuSi igi saubrobda iseT sakiTxebze, romelSic gauTviTcnobierebeli amerikuli publika Znelad Tu gaarkvevda, tyuilsa da marTals Tu ara, sul mcire, farisevlobas mainc? es yvelaferi reklamebis mozidvis mizniT moxda~, _ ganacxada prezidentma, romelic amtkicebda, rom `imedis~ modelirebuli `qronikis~ gaSvebas wminda komerciuli mizezi hqonda. amerikeli msmenelisTvis, romelic miCveulia mediasaSualebebs Soris arCevans da mediis sferoSi gajerebul komercializacias, es, ra Tqma unda, damajereblad JRerda. arada, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT im maRal albaTobas, rom saqarTvelos mTavari satelevizio arxebi politikurad kontroldeba (mflobeloba mkacrad gasaidumloebulia, da gadasaxadebisgan Tavisufal bundovanebasa da burusSia gaxveuli), komerciuli miznebiT motivirebuloba Znelad dasajerebelia. saqarTvelos mediis komerciul mogebaze, reitingebiTa da reklamebiT miRebul Semosavalze orientirebul, politikuri gavlenisgan Tavisufal sivrced warmodgenas tyuilis suni asdis. ZiriTadad prosamTavrobo mediis 36-milioniani valisgan gaTavisuflebis gadawyvetileba, iseve rogorc sagareo saqmeTa ministris aRiareba, rom medias saxelmwifo mxardaWera aqvs (Tumca kvlav saidumloebiT moculi), swored am tyuils aSiSvlebs. rodesac saakaSvils hkiTxes, icoda Tu ara modelirebuli Sous Sesaxeb, man upasuxa, rom es yvelam icoda, radgan amis Sesaxeb mTeli kviris ganmavlobaSi gadioda reklamebi~, vidre Tavad gadacemas gauSvebdnen eTerSi. es simarTles ar Seesabameba, Tu, ra Tqma unda, ar CavTvliT, rom reklamireba niSnavs televiziis prodiuserebsa da politikosebs Soris ramdenime imeilis gacvlaliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

gamocvlas, da yvela danarCeni moqalaqis informaciul vakuumSi datovebas. Semdeg batonma saakaSvilma warmoadgina sagareo politikis racionaluri da realisturi xedva. rusul-qarTul urTierTobebze man Tqva, rom es ar aris TamaSi, romelic damTavrda fred: nuliT-nuli~. qarTul sazogadoebas ki prezidenti, rogorc wesi, movlenebis sul sxva xedvas sTavazobs. qveynis SigniT saakaSvili ruseTTan konfliqts daviTisa da goliaTis stilSi warmoadgens. misi am versiis mixedviT, patara, mamaci saqarTvelo sikeTea, romelic putinistur borotebas ebrZvis. batoni saakaSvilis am saSinao ritorikaSi kompromisisTvis adgili ar rCeba. da radgan putini saakaSvils kvercxebiT dakidebiT emuqreba, saqarTvelos prezidentis aseTi pozicia gasakviri arc aris. amis miuxedavad, es ar aris is Sexeduleba, romelsac igi SeerTebul StatebSi warmoadgens. da, ra Tqma unda, prezidenti amtkicebda, rom modelirebuli Sou politikuri opoziciis winaaRmdeg ar iyo mimarTuli: adamianebi, romlebic modelirebul SouSi moxvdnen, arCevnebSi monawileobas ar iReben~. arada, isini arCevnebSi monawileobas iReben. im Svidi politikosidan, romlebic telegadacemam modelirebuli rusuli agresiis ZalebTan TanamSromlobaSi daadanaSaula, oTxi momavali municipaluri arCevnebis kandidatia. amerikuli radios msmenelma amis Sesaxeb araferi icis, da saqarTvelSi arsebul realur situacias cudad icnobs, amitom, saakaSvilis sityvebsac advilad daijerebdnen. vebsteris leqsikoni `demagogias~ ganmartavs _ rogorc simarTlis damalvas an araswor interpretacias~. vikipediis mixedviT ki, sakuTar TavTan winaaRmdegobaSi mosvla aris ori urTierTgamomricxavi azris simarTled miReba~. erTaderTi, rac prezident saakaSvilis intervium gamoamJRavna, swored is aris, rom es ori ram jer kidev aqtualuri da cocxalia. istoria grZeldeba.
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saubrebi liberalizmze
siZulvilis ena

SiSis, mglisa da cxvrebis Sesaxeb

`rodesac mcdari mosazrebis gamoxatva ikrZaleba, sazogadoeba kargavs yvelaze mniSvnelovan sargebels _ simarTlis mkafio aRqmas, rac (simarTlis) SecdomasTan SejaxebiT warmoiSveba.1
vaxuSti menabde
Saulis dros siZulvilis motivi damamZimebel garemoebad miiCneva (mag: 109-e muxli,117-e, 126-e, 258-e da a.S.). kodeqsi aseve iTvaliswinebs specialur pasuxismgeblobas im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac adamiani sityvis, azris, sindisis, aRmsareblobis, rwmenis an mrwamsis gamo idevneba (muxli: 156-e). ra Tqma unda, kodeqss garkveuli xarvezebi aqvs, magram imis Tqma, rom `saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba siZulviliT motivirebul danaSaulis koncefcias ar icnobs, mcdaria. yvela is safrTxe, razec giorgi cxadaia Tavis statiaSi miuTiTebs, realuria. es sadavo ar aris. Tumca, sakamaToa gza, romelsac igi problemebis gadasaWrelad gvTavazobs. misi azriT, imisTvis, rom liberaluri demokratia davicvaT im safrTxeebisgan, romelic, SesaZloa, gamoxatvis Tavisuflebam warmoSvas, gamoxatva unda CavaxSoT. gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis mniSvneloba liberaluri demokratiisTvis naTelia. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT imas, rom adamianis uflebebi urTierTdamokidebuli da urTierTganpirobebulia, martiv daskvnasac gamovitanT: nebismieri uflebis araproporciuli SezRudva sxva uflebebis efeqturobaze axdens gavlenas. es gavlena ormagia _ erTi mxriv, igi im konkretul pirs miemarTeba, visi uflebac Seilaxa, xolo meore mxriv _ mTel sazogadoebas. Cven yvelas erTmaneTTan
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

evropasa da amerikaSi siZulvilis enasTan ori, erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli midgoma arsebobs. Tavis statiaSi `siZulvilis ena unda isjebodes~ giorgi cxadaiam am sakiTxisadmi sakuTari damokidebuleba aRwera, romelic saTauris identuria. sityva `sasjeli~ da statiis suliskveTeba mkiTxvels afiqrebinebs, rom avtori siZulvilis enis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis momxrea.
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giorgi cxadaia statiis pirvelive abzacSi or Teziss gvTavazobs, romelzec Semdeg mTeli teqstis koncefcias agebs. pirveli: `saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba siZulviliT motivirebul danaSaulis koncefcias ar icnobs da meore: `saqarTveloSi siZulvilis ena ar isjeba~. meore Tezisi sruli simarTlea. rac Seexeba pirvels: saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsSi dana-

uflebebi gvakavSirebs da TiToeuli Cvenganis uflebis SezRudva sxvis uflebebzec axdens gavlenas. imisTvis, rom es yvelaferi Tavidan aviciloT, aqcenti konkurenciaze unda gadavitanoT, romelic Tavad daamkvidrebs balanss `marTal da `mcdar azrebs Soris. amas `ideaTa Tavisufali bazris Teorias uwodeben. am mosazrebas fesvebi Soreul warsulSi aqvs. me-17 saukuneSi jon miltonma inglisis parlamentSi waikiTxa Tavisi cnobili sityva, `areopagitika, sadac ambobda, rom simarTles ideebis SeuzRudavi moZraoba warmoSobs. mogvianebiT, meoce saukunis dasawyisSi ki amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi mosamarTle oliver vendal holmsma saqmeze, `abramsi SeerTebuli Statebis winaaRmdeg, ganavrco es idea da ganacxada, rom saxelmwifos mier nebismieri SezRudva, romelic miznad isaxavs Seaferxos ideebis Tavisufali moZraoba, dauSvebelia (amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis uzenaesi sasamarTlo am midgomas iyenebs). amave midgomis Sesabamisad, Camoyalibda `myisieri safrTxis doqtrina, romlis mixedviTac, gamoxatva mxolod maSin unda iyos dasjadi, rodesac saxezea zianis miyenebis naTeli da myisieri safrTxe. am midgomis mixedviT, gamoxatvis Sinaarsis regulireba ki ar xdeba, aramed imis

suflebas ziani ar moaqvs, aramed imas, rom liberaluri demokratiisTvis gamoxatvis Tavisuflebas gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aqvs. adamianis uflebebis dacva, rac saxelmwifos valdebulebaa, cxadia, rom SezRudvis gareSec aris SesaZlebeli. Tanamedrove mediis regulireba SeuZlebelia da gamoxatvis marTva utopiaa. `cudi ideebis CasaxSobad es ubralod gamousadegari xerxia. cvlilebebma komunikaciebis industriaSi ideaTa bazris mowinaaRmdegeTa argumentebi daangria. gza, romelsac giorgi cxadaia gvTavazobs, gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis daTrgunvaze gadis. igi aRiarebs, rom adamianis uflebebs ar SeuZlia iyos TviTkmari da sakuTari tyavis gadasarCenad unda mimarTos iseT qmedebebs, romelic missave koncefcias ewinaaRmdegeba. amgvari pozicia imis uaryofaa, rasac adamianis uflebebisadmi rwmenas vuwodebT, rac Cveni konstituciis safuZvelia da rac WeSmaritebad migvaCnia; simarTled, romelic ideaTa bazarze Tavisufal konkurenciaSi yovelTvis gaimarjvebs. mTavari argumenti mainc is aris, rom gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis SezRudvis gza adamianis uflebebis koncefciis uunarobis aRiarebaze gadis. adamianis uflebebis swavlebisas erTi savarjiSo-TamaSi gamoiyene-

Tanamedrove mediis regulireba SeuZlebelia da gamoxatvis marTva utopiaa. `cudi ideebis CasaxSobad es ubralod gamousadegari xerxia.
garkveva, ramdenad gamoiwvevs igi realur, myisier da adamianis uflebebis Semlaxav Sedegebs. gamoxatvis Tavisufleba mxolod maSin SeiZleba daisajos, Tu is gadaabijebs zRvars gamoxatvasa da Zaladobas Soris. siZulvilis enis kriminalizaciis sawinaaRmdego, ideaTa Tavisufali bazris koncefcia im arguments ki ar emyareba, rom sityvis Tavi1

ba. TamaSis wesebis mixedviT, auditoria ramdenime mcire jgufad iyofa. TiToeul jgufs adamianis uflebaTa deklaraciaSi mocemuli uflebebis sruli paketi urigdeba da maT am uflebebiT sargebloba SeuZliaT. TamaSis pirvel etapze trenerebi jgufebs sTxoven, daTmon uflebebis is nawili, romelsac sxvebTan SedarebiT nakleb

mniSvnelovnad Tvlian, samagierod, mSvidobas hpirdebian. mas Semdeg, rac jgufebi diskusiis Semdeg uflebebs daTmoben, trenerebi axal ultimatums wamoayeneben da darCenili uflebebidan kvlav sTxoven nawilis daTmobas. ase grZeldeba, vidre TiToeul jgufs erTi ufleba ar darCeba. es ufleba ukanaskneli berketia maT winaaRmdeg, vinc jgufis wevrTa adamianuri Rirsebis Selaxvas moindomebs. TamaSis dasasruls trenerebi, mSvidobis sanacvlod, ukanasknel uflebasac iTxoven. imedgacruebul moTamaSeebs sxva araferi rCebaT, garda imisa, rom es pirobac Seasrulon. TamaSis mimdinareobis zogadi suraTi yvela jgufSi erTnairia. yvela jgufi asrulebs treneris miTiTebas da morigeobiT Tmobs uflebebs, sabolood ki uflebebis gareSe rCeba, radgan masze iurisdiqcias hipoTeturad trenerebs gadascems. erTxel, rodesac am TamaSs erT-erT bavSvTa saxlSi vatarebdi, Cem mier uflebebis daTmobis meore moTxovnaze erTi moTamaSe adga da sxvebs am sityvebiT mimarTa: `Cven, mSvidobis sanacvlod, yvelaze naklebmniSvnelovani uflebebis daTmoba SemogvTavazes, SegveSinda, mec SemeSinda, da amitom daveTanxmeT maT. mjera, rom SevcdiT, radgan gvegona, mxolod es iqneboda mSvidobis sazRauri. magram axla kvlav gvTxoven darCenili uflebebidan kidev erTi nawilis daTmobas. darwmunebuli var, am pirobis Sesrulebis Semdegac igive moTxovnas wagviyeneben. me uars vambob amgvar safasurze. mogiwodebT, Tqvenc uari TqvaT SeTavazebaze, radgan ara uflebebis SezRudva, aramed swored uflebebis sruli realizaciaa Cveni mSvidobiani Tanacxovrebis garanti. ra Tqma unda, mis mowodebas aravin gamoxmaurebia. gogonam ki TamaSze uari Tqva. TamaSi tradiciulad damTavrda.

jon stiuart mili, `fiqrisa da debatebis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb

liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

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ekonomika

2010 wlis starti

naxevrad savse Tu naxevrad carieli Wiqa?
im dros, rodesac savaluto fondi saxelmwifo biujetis dasafinanseblad 400 milioni dolaris gamoyofas apirebs, saqarTvelos mTavroba morigi finansuri amnistiis iniciativiT gamodis.
revaz sayevariSvili
saqarTvelos suverenuli, grZelvadiani sakredito reitingi B-dan B+-mde gaizarda prognoziT `stabiluri~. saerTaSoriso sareitingo saagento Standard and Poors-is es Sefaseba optimistebSi recesiis dasrulebis kidev erT dasturad, pesimistebSi ki saerTaSoriso saagentoebis tradiciul zedapirul midgomad Sefasda. SefasebaTa aseTi diapazoni gasakviri ar aris; miT ufro, rom saerTaSoriso organizaciebis Sefasebebi xSirad urTierTgamomricxavi da radikalurad winaaRmdegobrivia, rasac didwilad organizaciebis SefasebaTa meTodologiuri sxvaoba ganapirobebs. magaliTad, msoflio bankis SefasebiT, saqarTveloSi cxovreba gaumjobesda, metic _ saqarTvelo msoflio bankis kvlevaSi `evropasa da centralur aziaSi cxovrebis gaumjobeseba~ erT-erTi lideri aRmoCnda. msoflio banki miiCnevs, rom qveyanam miaRwia mniSvnelovan progress dasaqmebis zrdaSi, mcire sawarmoebis Seqmnasa da finansuri xelmisawvdomobis gaumjobesebaSi, sasmeli da sarwyavi wylis sistemebis aRdgenaSi, jandacvis sferos gaumjobesebasa da sxva sakvanZo sferoebSi. anu dasaqmeba gazrdilia maSin, roca oficialuradac ki aRiarebulia, rom umuSevrobam imata; mcire sawarmoebis bumi yofila, arada mcire sawarmoebi pantapuntiT ixureba; sarwyavi da
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sasmeli wylis sistemebi gaumjobesebula, damuSavebuli sasoflosameurneo miwebis raodenoba ki mcirdeba, da finansuri xelmisawvdomoba gazrdila maSin, roca bankebs kredits ver gaaRebineb. Tumca, amas ra mniSvneloba aqvs _ msoflio bankis kvleva ukve gamoqveynda da, vinc saqarTvelos am daskvnis mixedviT gaicnobs, qveynis mdgomareobaze swored am daskvnaSi aRwerili suraTis mixedviT imsjelebs. sul sxva warmodgena Seeqmneba qveyanaze mas, vinc saqarTvelos gacnobas gaero-s ganviTarebis programis SefasebebiT daapirebs. UNDP-s reitingSi saqarTvelo mxolod 89-e adgilzea, uRaribesi qveynebis siaSi imyofeba da cxovrebis doniT mezobel somxeTsa da azerbaijans CamorCeba. am samwuxaro Sefasebisgan didad Sors ar aris jandacvis saministros socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos monacemebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac, saqarTveloSi mosaxleobis 40% siRaribis zRvars miRmaa: Tu 2008 wlis dekembrisTvis umweo mdgomareobaSi myofi ojaxebis monacemTa erTian bazaSi sul milion 636 aTasi adamiani iyo aRricxuli, erT weliwadSi _ 2009 wlis dekembrisTvis, es ricxvi mTeli 125 aTasiT gaizarda da milion 761 aTas adamians gadaaWarba. Tu ojaxobrivi odenobiT SevafasebT, gamodis, rom siRaribis zRvars qvemoT sa-

qarTveloSi 540 aTasi ojaxi cxovrobs. ase rom, cxovrebis gaumjobesebamde jer kidev Zalian Soria. Tumca, cxadia, nebismieri pozitiuri Sefaseba Zalian sasiamovnoa da is faqti, rom Standard and Poors-ma saqarTvelos grZelvadiani suverenuli sakredito reitingi omis win arsebul niSnulze daabruna, aSkarad dadebiTi movlenaa. saagentos gancxadebaSi naTqvamia, rom 2006 wlidan ruseTTan xanmokle, magram intensiur omamde saqarTvelom mniSvnelovani ucxouri investiciebis mozidva SeZlo. `gvjera, rom saqarTveloSi arsebuli dabali gadasaxadebi da biznesisaTvis xelsayreli garemo qveyanas xels Seuwyobs imaSi, rom man kvlavac moizidos investicia da kidev ufro gaaZlieros misi, rogorc evropasa da azias Soris satranzito derefnis, mniSvneloba. moveliT, rom erT sul mosaxleze mTliani Sida produqtis zrdis tempi ufro swrafi iqneba, vidre analogiuri reitingis mqone sxva qveynebSi~, naTqvamia sareitingo saagentos gancxadebaSi. saqarTvelos mTavrobas am Sefasebam `meore sunTqva~ gauxsna. premier gilauris SefasebiT, suverenuli sakredito reitingis zrda mniSvnelovani movlenaa, romelic qveynis momavlisadmi mewarmeebisa da investorebis ndobas gazrdis. `es faqti adasturebs,
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

rom Cveni ekonomikuri politikis kursi da sabazro reformebisadmi erTguleba, aseve biznes-garemos gaumjobesebisken mimarTuli Zalisxmeva Tavis Sedegs aRwevs, _ miiCnevs gilauri. maJoruli notebi ukve prognozebSic aisaxa: mTavroba ekonomikis zrdis sakuTar prognozs ukve pirveli kvartlis dasrulebisTanave aumjobesebs. finansTa ministris gancxadebiT, marTalia, 2010 wlis biujeti 2%-iani zrdiT iyo dagegmili, magram ianvar-TebervalSi mTavroba mixvda, rom ekonomikuri zrda 3%-ze naklebi ar iqneba. bainduraSvilis ganmartebiT, optimizmis safuZvels saerTaSoriso organizaciebis prognozebic iZleva _ magaliTad, savaluto fondis bolo gaTvlebiT, zrdis maCvenebeli minimum 4% iqneba. wels 3,5% zrdas varaudobs Standard and Poors-ic. mTavrobaSi, wlis pirveli ori Tvis maCveneblebidan gamomdinare, miiCneven, rom ekonomikaSi recesia dasrulda da amis dasturad ianvar-TebervalSi eqsportis zrda, importis kleba, uZravi qonebis bazarze tranzaqciebis mateba da akrefili gadasaxadebis momatebuli odenoba mohyavT. ramdenad damaimedebelia zemoT moyvanili parametrebi da safuZvliania xelisuflebis optimizmi? miT ufro im fonze, roca qveyanaSi umuSevroba da siRaribe jer kidev izrdeba? wlis pirveli ori Tvis pozitiuri monacemebi ar aris sakmarisi. mTavaria, am or TveSi gamokveTili dadebiTi maCveneblebi garkveul periodSi stabilurad SenarCundes. Tanac, roca konkretuli Tveebis monacemebis Sedareba xdeba, Sesabamis periodebSi arsebuli inflaciis done, samomxmareblo fasebi da sxva maCveneblebic unda gaviTvaliswinoT. magaliTad, roca 2010 wlis sawyis Tveebs SarSandel analogiur periods vadarebT, unda gaviTvaliswinoT, rom SarSan fasebi da inflacia gacilebiT dabali iyo,
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

www.geostat.ge

vidre wels. magaliTad, `saqstatis~ informaciiT, wels martSi inflaciis maCvenebeli, SarSandel martTan SedarebiT, 5,8%-iT aris gazrdili. imave saerTaSoriso savaluto fondSi miiCneven, rom wels saqarTvelos saxelmwifo biujetis Sevseba urTulesi saqme iqneba da marto fondma misi deficitis dasafinanseblad 400 milioni dolari unda gamoyos. fondis mosazrebiT, 2010 weli gadasaxadebis mobilizebis mxrivac urTulesi iqneba. es ukve kargad Cans gadasaxadebis administrirebis im praqtikis gaaqtiurebaSi, rasac saxelmwifo ukve permanentulad mimarTavs. sagadasaxado samsaxuris bolo `monadirebuli aqtivi~ TbilisSi, vaJa-fSavelas gamzirze mdebare `filipsis~ centria, romelic inventarizaciis motiviT daixura. am nabijs win uZRoda TbilisSi, WavWavaZis gamzirze mdebare 15-mde maRaziis inventarizaciis motiviT daxurva (maT Soris, `zara, `naf nafi~ da sxvebi). msgavsi egzekuciiT saxelmwifo cdilobs dagegmili sagadasaxado Semosavlebis parametrebis ganuxrel Sesrulebas. sagulisxmoa, rom biujetis Sesrulebis problema ara mxolod wminda ekonomikuri, aramed ufro metad politikurad motivirebuli

umweo mdgomareobaSi myof adamianTa ricxvi saqarTveloSi 2008-2009 wlebSi

aTasi adamiani

dekemberi 2008

dekemberi 2009

gadawyvetilebebis gamo mZafrdeba. saarCevno maraToni Zalebs ikrebs da ekonomikur sakiTxebsac nelnela sul ufro da ufro aqtiurad moicavs. magaliTad, saqarTvelos mTavroba morigi finansuri amnistiis iniciativiT gamodis. amnistia 2009 wlis 15 ivnisamde Cadenili administraciuli samarTaldarRvevebisTvis dakisrebul gadauxdel jarimebsa da daricxul sauravebs, aseve sagzao wesebis darRvevas, zogierT garemosdacviT kanondarRvevasa da msgavsi saxis danaSaulebs Seexeba. mTavroba amnistiis ZiriTad mizezad mZime socialur fons asaxelebs da amnistias misi Semsubuqebis meqanizmad miiCnevs. amasTanave, xazi esmeba imas, rom amJamindeli amnistia erTjeradi iqneba, Sesabamisi
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ekonomika

kanoni ki parlamentSi sul ramdenime dReSi Seva da damtkicdeba. ra odenobis Semosavals dakargavs biujeti winasaarCevno amnistiis gamo, jerjerobiT ar saxeldeba. aranakleb popularuli Temaa televiziebisTvis sagadasaxado amnistiis gamocxadeba. Tu opozicia telekompaniebisTvis 2010 wlamde dagrovili gadauxdeli gadasaxadebis Camoweras iTxovs, xelisuflebam vada kanonproeqtis miRebis TariRamde gazarda. parlamentSi wliuri angariSiT gamosvlisas prezidentma ganacxada, rom sagadasaxado amnistia regionuli telekompaniebisTvis gamocxaddeboda. Tumca, mogvianebiT mis oficialur vebgverdze daiwera, rom amnistia ara mxolod regionul, aramed yvela telekompanias Seexeboda. saboloo

Semosavlebis samsaxurSi ki am faqtors kategoriulad uaryofen da amtkiceben, rom samsaxuri sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad imitom gardaiqmna, rom gadamxdelisTvis axali servisebis SeTavazeba SeZlos da ufro mobiluri da gamWvirvale gaxdes. ramdenad iqneba marTlac ase, dro gamoaCens. manamde ki bizness kidev erTi mZime fsiqologiuri molodini aqvs. arada, problemebi mas arc uamisod aklia. magaliTad, biznesi, romelic krizisis Semdgom periodSi nel-nela fexze dadgomas cdilobs, axali sabrunavi saxsrebis mopovebas amaod elis. sabanko seqtori dakreditebis pirobebis Semsubuqebas ar apirebs. am Sefasebas ukve meramdened evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis banki akeTebs, romelmac saTanado kvle-

gareSec ekonomikis zrda Znelad warmosadgenia. biznesis dakreditebis mxriv problemebi arc erTi mimarTulebebiT ar ileva. magaliTad imave evrobankis monawileobiT anonsirebuli proeqtis bedi SeiZleba moviyvanoT. msoflioSi sastumroebis erT-erTi yvelaze cnobili brendis _ `haiaTis~ Tbilisuri sastumros mSenebloba am dromde ar dawyebula. sastumros mSenebel kompania loial isTeiTs proeqtis dafinansebis problema amerikuli OPIC-is Semdeg amjerad evrobankTanac Seeqmna. evrobankma loial isTeiTs proeqtis biujetis Semcireba da 35%-iani dafinanseba SesTavaza, Tumca, kompania proeqtis mkveTrad Semcirebaze uars acxadebs. Sedegad, proeqtic gayinulia.

saarCevno maraToni Zalebs ikrebs da ekonomikur sakiTxebsac nel-nela sul ufro da ufro aqtiurad moicavs. magaliTad, saqarTvelos mTavroba morigi finansuri amnistiis iniciativiT gamodis.

angariSiT, biujetis Semosavlebis `telesekvestri~ 36 milioni lari dajdeba. mTavrobis iniciativiT, sagadasaxado organoebma aRniSnuli davalianebaTa Camowera unda ganaxorcielon gadamxdelis pirad angariSze asaxviT, xolo davalianebis Camoweris wesi finansTa ministris individualuri administraciuli aqtiT ganisazRvreba. es saqme Semosavlebis samsaxurs daevaleba, romelic 1 aprilidan axali statusiT moqmedebs. kerZod, is ukve sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirad gardaiqmna da nawilobriv TviTdafinansebaze gadavida. biznesmenTa nawils swored samsaxuris TviTdafinansebaze gadasvla aSfoTebs. isini varaudoben, rom amiT sagadasaxado inspeqtorebs dajarimebisTvis damatebiTi motivacia gauCndebaT, rac biznesisTvis kidev erTi damatebiTi sasjeli iqneba.
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va Caatara da daadgina, rom qarTuli bankebi sakredito resursze moTxovnis gazrdas elian, magram pirobebis Serbilebas ar apireben. Sesabamisad, mankieri wre kvlavac Caketili rCeba. mis gasarRvevad anu dakreditebis gasaaqtiureblad evrobanki sabanko seqtors vadagadacilebul sesxebze zewolis Serbilebas da mcire da saSualo sawarmoebis dakreditebis gazrdas urCevs. bankebisadmi SeniSvnebi savaluto fondmac gamoTqva. fondic ZiriTad ukmayofilebas dakreditebis simciris gamo gamoTqvams. erovnuli bankic acxadebs, rom wlis mTavari gamowveva dakreditebis masStabebis gazrdaa, ris

loial isTeiTma haiaTis mSeneblobisTvis saWiro samuSaoebi 2007 wels daiwyo, Tumca, 2008 wels krizisis gamo gaCerda. mSeneblobis dasruleba 2010 wels igegmeboda. Tumca, am droisaTvis mxolod miwis samuSaoebia Catarebuli. proeqtis saerTo Rirebuleba Tavdapirvelad 150 milioni dolari iyo, krizisis mizeziT is jer 100, xolo Semdeg 70 milion dolaramde Semcirda da axla evrobanki morig Semcirebas iTxovs. msgavs viTarebaSia, praqtikulad, yvela msxvili samSeneblo proeqti, romelTa gacocxlebis gareSec qveynis ekonomikis ganviTarebisTvis morigi Zlieri biZgis micema Zalian garTuldeba.

statia momzadda evrokavSiris finansuri daxmarebiT, britanul-qarTuli profesiuli qselis mier ganxorcielebuli CSEPFM proeqtis farglebSi. statiis Sinaarsze pasuxismgebelia Jurnali `liberali~. statia ar warmoadgens evrokavSiris an britanul-qarTuli profesiuli qselis pozicias. liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

Jurnalisturi gamoZieba

nivTmtkiceba anabeWdebis gareSe

ruseTis moqalaqe pavle bliaZe ambobs, rom qarTulma mxarem mas ruseTis winaaRmdeg TanamSromloba SesTavaza.
nino gogua
statia dafinansebulia amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis German Marshal Fund-is proeqtis The Black Sea Trust-is mier. am publikaciaSi gamoTqmuli Sexedulebebi da mosazrebebi ar aris aucilebeli, gamoxatavdes German Marshal Fund-is, The Black Sea Trust-is da misi partniorebis Sexedulebebs.

ruseTis moqalaqe, 47 wlis pavle bliaZe, ukve meaTe Tvea, orTaWalis izolatorSi ixdis sasjels. podpolkovniki bliaZe 2006 wlis 25 dekembridan moskovSi CrdiloeTi kavkasiis olqis samxedro gadazidvebis sammarTvelos kadrebis ufrosad muSaobda. 2009 wlis zafxulSi, ruseTis armiidan ukve pensiaSi gasuli bliaZe Sss-m TbilisSi daakava cecxlsasroli iaraRis ukanonod SeZenisa da tarebis sababiT. igive braldebiT sasamarTlom mas 5-wliani patimroba miusaja. pistoleti `baikali~, romelic gamoZiebis mtkicebiT bliaZes dakavebisas upoves, am saqmeSi warmodgenili erTaderTi nivTmtkicebaa. miuxedavad imisa, rom sasamarTlo eqspertizam iaraRze braldebulis TiTis anabeWdebi ver ipova, mosamarTle badri koWlamazaSvili, saqmis
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

ganxilvisas prokuraturis mtkicebas daeyrdno. `pistoleti damuSavda specialuri daqtiloskopiuri fxvniliT, misi vizualuri da mikroskopuli daTvalierebisas zedapirze xelis kvali ar gamovlinda~, _ wers daskvnaSi sasamarTlo eqsperti yolbaia. `pavle bliaZem daudgenel drosa da viTarebaSi daudgeneli pirisgan daudgeneli motiviT SeiZina 1974 wlis nimuSis sabWoTa warmoebis pistoleti da ori cali vazna, _ weria sabraldebo daskvnaSi. saqmeSi ar arsebobs dakavebis monawile Sss-s TanamSromlebis garda arc erTi sxva samoqalaqo piris Cveneba, romelic daadasturebda, rom bliaZes dakavebisas marTlac hqonda iaraRi. kontrdazvervis departamentis operatiuli samsaxuris TanamSromeli sandro kotoraSvili erT-er-

Tia Sss-s im TanamSromelTa Soris, romlebmac eWvmitanili yazbegis gamzirze daakaves. `mas winaaRmdegoba ar gauwevia. gamomZiebelma Cautara piradi Cxreka, ra drosac qamridan amoRebuli iqna Savi feris `baikali, _ ambobs igi CvenebaSi. swored am epizodidan, pavle bliaZis ayvanidan Cndeba gamoZiebis obieqturobasTan dakavSirebiT yvelaze mniSvnelovani kiTxvebi. Cxrekis oqmSic weria, rom pavle bliaZes iaraRi dakavebis adgilzeve upoves, rasac SSs-s Tanamromlebidan mxolod erTi, giorgi abuTiZe adasturebs. meore mowme _ sandro kotoraSvili ki dakiTxvisas ver ixsenebs, sad Catarda Cxreka. braldebuli pavle bliaZe amtkicebs, rom piradi iaraRi arasdros hqonia. sasamarTlo sxdomaze man ganacxada, rom pistoleti `baikali~ pirvelad Sinagan saqmeTa saministros SenobaSi naxa. `modulis~ SenobaSi gamomZiebelma iaraRi magidis ukana mxridan gamoiRo da win damido. mTxova, seriis nomeri menaxa. mivxvdi, rom undoda zed Cemi TiTis anabeWdebi darCeniliyo da iaraRs xeli ar movkide~. mowmeebisgan arc erTs ar axsovs, konkretulad saidan, welis ra nawilidan amouRo gamomZiebelma dakavebuls iaraRi. mogvianebiT ojaxisTvis gamogzavnil werilSi braldebuli pavle bliaZe wers: `Sss-s TanamSromelma giorgi abuTiZem sasamarTlos ganucxada, rom me iaraRi mqonda qamarSi, marjvena ukana mxares, kotoraSvilis versiiT
33

Jurnalisturi gamoZieba

ki _ SarvalSi. amoRebul nivTebSi ki qamari ar figurirebs, imitom, rom ar mkeTebia~. marTlac, Cxrekis oqmis mixedviT, dakavebuls Tan mxolod fuli da mobiluri hqonda. qamari am CamonaTvalSi ar aris. braldebulis da misi ojaxis wevrebis gancxadebiT ki, pavle bliaZe caciaa da Sarvlis marjvena mxares iaraRs ar Caidebda. braldebulma 27 oqtombers sajarod, sasamarTlo sxdomaze ganacxada, rom mas cixeSi paemnebisTvis akrZalul saaTebSi ramdenjerme miakiTxes ucnobma pirebma: `Cemgan moiTxovdnen, meTqva, TiTqos var ruseTis jaSuSi da ruseTis specrazmis TanamSromlebis davalebiT vmuSaob, sanacvlod gaTavisuflebas mpirdebodnen, _ ganacxada pavle bliaZem . pavle bliaZis TqmiT, aseTi ram mas erTi TviT adrec, saqarTveloSi

ajanyebasa da samSoblos RalatSi dasdo brali. sabraldebo daskvnaSi araferia naTqvami maT ruseTTan kavSirze. rogorc pavle bliaZe hyveba, ruseTis jaSuSobis aRiarebaze uaris Tqmis Semdeg ramdenime dReSi mis saxlTan ucnobi manqanebis morigeoba daiwyo. braldebulis mezobeli sofio andRulaZe hyveba, rom 20 ivniss, bliaZis dakavebis dRes, man me-8 sarTulidan dainaxa, rom pavle bliaZisa da misi Svilis manqanas daburulSuSebiani manqanebi gahyvnen ukan. amis Sesaxeb mezobelma pavles meuRles acnoba, romelmac qmars da Svils ramdenjerme daureka da mezoblis monayoli gadasca. 26 maisis satelefono zarebis amonaweriT, gamoZiebas SeeZlo gaerkvia, moityua Tu ara pavle bliaZem, roca

`pavle bliaZem daudgenel drosa da viTarebaSi daudgeneli pirisgan daudgeneli motiviT SeiZina pistoleti, _ weria sabraldebo daskvnaSi.
CamosvlisTanave SesTavazes: `SarSan, 25 maiss sadaxloSi saqarTvelos sazRvarze ruseTidan Camosuli damakaves da wamiyvanes `modulis~ SenobaSi, sadac viyavi 26 maisis 14 sT-mde. SemomTavazes, `meRiarebina~, rom viTom var ruseTis specsamsaxuris TanamSromeli, rom vTanamSromlobdi e.w. `muxrovanis amboxebulebTan~ da ruseTis specsamsaxurebi Cemi meSveobiT axorcielebdnen kavSirs maTTan. me mxolod mevaleboda, gamovsuliyavi mowmed. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu uars vityodi, `gamafuWebdnen~. `muxrovanis ajanyeba Sinagan saqmeTa saministrom 5 maiss CaaxSo. amboxebaSi eWvmitanil jariskacebTan misulma prezidentma ajanyebas `rusi maRalCinosnebis dagegmili uwoda. organizatorebi 21 maiss daakaves _ 4 dRiT adre pavle bliaZis Sss-Si pirvelad miyvanamde. `muxrovanis ajanyebulebis~ ruseTTan kavSiris gamoZieba erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda. sabolood, sasamarTlom eWvmitanilebs
34

ganacxada, rom dakavebamde ramdenime wuTiT adre esaubra meuRles. advokatebis mier mogvianebiT mopovebuli mobiluri operatorebis amonaweri adasturebs, rom braldebulis mier miTiTebul dros marTlac daureka colma, magram sasamarTlo gamoZiebas am garemoebisTvis procesis ganmavlobaSi yuradReba ar miuqcevia. sasamarTlo darbazSi pavle bliaZem sajarod gamoacxada manqanebis seriuli nomrebi, romlebic, misi TqmiT, sacxovrebeli adgilidan axlosve meuRlesTan saubris Semdeg SeamCnia, Tumca gamoZieba am manqanebis mflobelebis vinaobiT ar dainteresebula. Sss-s TanamSromlebis CvenebiT, isini braldebulis saxlTan arasdros yofilan da mis dasakaveblad `operatiuli informaciis miRebis~ Semdeg `modulis~ Senobidan gavidnen. `Sss-s TanamSromlebis CvenebebSi eWvis Setanis safuZveli sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia~, _ ganmartavs mosamarTle.

sasamarTlom mTlianad auara gverdi dacvis mxaris varauds, rom Sss-s warmomadgenlebs iaraRi pavle bliaZis dakavebis sababad SeiZleba gamoeyenebinaT. sagamoZiebo masalebSi araa Setanili manqanis Cxrekis oqmi, sadac braldebuli dakavebamde ijda. `es Cxreka imitom ar Caatares, rom winaswar icodnen, pavle bliaZes iaraRi ar hqonda da amitom ar dainteresebulan, manqanaSi ido Tu ara sxva iaraRi, amave mizeziT ar gaCxrikes bliaZis Svili, romelic manqanas marTavda~, _ acxadebs advokati gela nikoleiSvili. braldebulis advokatebis TqmiT, bliaZisgan TanamSromlobaze uaris miRebis Semdeg saministros warmomadgenlebs cixeSi misi gadabirebis imedi hqondaT. konkretulad romel samxedro pirze an politikosze sTxovdnen xelis dadebas, rogorc pavle bliaZe hyveba, misTvis aRar ganumartavT. hqonda Tu ara dakavebisas pavle bliaZes iaraRi, misi dakavebis dros gakeTebuli videoCanaweri gamoaaSkaravebda. braldebulis Svili, romelic dakavebisas mamasTan erTad iyo, ambobs: `dakavebas Sss TanamSromlebi 2 kameriT iRebdnen, mamaCemma perangi aiwia da kamerebis win specialurad datrialda, imis dasafiqsireblad, rom SeiaraRebuli ar iyo~. sasamarTloze mowmeebad dakiTxulma Sss-s warmomadgenlebma aseTi videoCanaweris arseboba uaryves. pavle bliaZisTvis braldebis moxsnas da gaTavisuflebas moiTxovs ruseTis sagareo saqmeTa saministro. oficialur vebgverdze specialur gancxadebaSi ruseTis mxare wers, rom ruseTis moqalaqeobis mqone patimris monaxuleba mxolod erTxel SeZlo, CexeTis saelCos daxmarebiT. braldebulis ruseTSi eqstradirebaze molaparakeba qarTul da rusul mxares Soris ar dawyebula. pavle bliaZis ojaxi, advokatebis daxmarebiT, saapelacio sasamarTloSi cdilobs misTvis wayenebuli bralis moxsnas. sarCelis gansaxilveli sxdoma 20 aprilsaa dagegmili.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

adamianis uflebebi da samarTali

mandaturebi skolaSi pirveli dRe

ganaTlebis saministros mier skolebSi wargzavnilma usafrTxoebis damcvelebma muSaoba daiwyes.
rusudan fanoziSvili
15 aprils, dilis 11 saaTze Tbilisis 117-e skolis ezoSi erTdroulad ganaTlebis ministri, policiis akademiis reqtori da policielis formis msgavs lurj formaSi gamowyobili sami adamiani gamoCnda. amieridan es sami adamiani yoveldRe yuradRebas miaqcevs, rom skolaSi raime danaSauli ar moxdes. ganaTlebis saministros axali proeqti _ mandaturebi skolebSi _ ukve daiwyo. ori kacisa da erTi qalisagan Semdgari mandaturTa jgufebi Tbilisis 7 sapilote skolaSi Sevida. policiis akademiaSi 3 kviraSi gadamzadebul mandaturebs rTuli misia aqvT: skolaSi wesrigi unda daicvan. garda amisa, moswavleebs kanonze, arasrulwlovanTa danaSaulebebsa da maT kanonier dasjaze esaubron; sagzao moZraobis wesebze, kanonis aRsrulebaze, usafrTxoebasa da samoqalaqo Tavdacvaze ki damatebiTi gakveTilebi Cautaron. Tumca, pirvel rigSi, maT ndoba aqvT mosapovebeli. `amiT [mandaturebis yofna] skola daemsgavseba cixes~, _ ambobs 51-e skolis meTerTmete klaseli irakli. mis megobar giorgis ki miaCnia, _ `mandturebis instituti erTi mxriv cudi ar aris, magram Cvens Taobaze gavlenas veRar moipovebeno~ . mandaturebisa da bavSvebis damegobreba ganaTlebis ministrma Tavad scada: `Cven gvinda, rom mandaturi iyos bavSvis amxanagi, _ ase daiwyo man saubari, magram
35

foto levan xerxeuliZe

policiis akademiis reqtori xatia dekanoiZe mandaturebs bolo rCevebs aZlevs, Tbilisi, 15 aprili 2010

liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

adamianis uflebebi da samarTali

amave tonSi veRar daasrula: me aravis ar vurCev, marTla guliT, rom ramenairi Seuracxyofa miayenos mandaturs, yovelTvis gaxsovdeT, rom mandaturebi daculni arian kanoniT, iseve rogorc _ patrulis TanamSromlebi da Sinagan saqmeTa saministros TanamSromlebi~, _ uTxra SaSkinma bavSvebs, romlebic maT saklaso oTaxSi moxvedril ministrs daZabulebi usmendnen. arc moswavleebs da arc maswavleblebs ministrisTvis SekiTxva ar dausvamT, miuxedavad imisa, rom amis SesaZlebloba yvelas hqonda. specialur formebSi, cisfer perangsa da muq lurj JiletSi gamowyobil mandaturebs gulze gvari aqvT amoqarguli, mxarze ki _ ganaTlebis saministros logo.

specialur formebSi, cisfer perangsa da muq lurj JiletSi gamowyobil mandaturebs gulze gvari aqvT amoqarguli, mxarze ki _ ganaTlebis saministros logo. maT moswavleebis dasjis ufleba ar aqvT. Tumca yovelTvis Tan eqnebaT deteqtorebi, romlebiTac Seamowmeben, bavSvebs iaraRi aqvT Tu ara.

maT moswavleebis dasjis ufleba ar aqvT. Tumca yovelTvis Tan eqnebaT deteqtorebi, romlebiTac Seamowmeben, bavSvebs iaraRi aqvT Tu ara. disciplinis darRvevas, an bavSvebis saqcielSi rame saeWvos Tu SeamCneven, mandaturebi dauyovnebliv acnobeben: mSoblebs, damrigebels, direqtors da ganaTlebis saministros; danaSaulis niSnebis, iaraRis aRmoCenis, an uSualod danaSaulis SemTxvevaSi ki, patruls mimarTaven. 117-e skolaSi pirvel dRes yuradRebis centrSi yvelaze metad moeqca 35 wlis TinaTin nasiZe. igi patrulis yofili TanamSromeli iyo. `gadamzadebisas bevri fsiqologiuri treningi gaviare, mgonia, rom bavSvebis ndobis mopovebas SevZleb~, _ ambobs TinaTini. misive TqmiT, mandaturebis umravlesoba masaviT samarTalmcodnea. mandaturoba pirveli samsaxuri aRmoCnda 24 wlis irakli xatiaSvilisTvis, romelmac samarTalmcodneobis fakulteti axlaxan daamTavra. misi xelfasi 400-dan 500 laramdea. Sexvedris pirvel dRes 117e skolaSi mandaturebs bavSvebisTvis ar miumarTavT, radgan wardgenaze ZiriTadad ministri da policiis akademiis reqtori saubrobdnen da maTi uflebamovaleobebic moswavleebs maT gaacnes. Tu rogor Caiara mandaturebis muSaobis pirvelma dRem, 16-ma aprilma, amis gageba rTuli aRmoCnda: ganaTlebis saministro

mandaturebs JurnalistebTan komentaris gakeTebis nebarTvas jerjerobiT aRar rTavs. `dRes gareT imdenad aRar davrbodiT, albaT bavSvebs mandaturebis moeridaT~, _ SeniSnes 51-e skolis meSvideklaselebma maTi muSaobis pirvel dRes. 51-e skolaSi im dRes marTlac simSvide iyo. mandaturebi skolis sxvadasxva sarTulze gamoCndebodnen xolme da ZiriTadad imas arkvevdnen, Tu ratom ar iyo romelime moswavle gakveTilze Sesuli. `albaT imdeni Cxubi aRar iqneba~, _ imediT Sexvda misi skolis axal TanamSromlebs 117-e skoleli Tengo kuWuaSvili. misi megobari ki aRniSnavs, rom `bevri Cxubi~ maT skolaSi arc aqamde yofila. `me mimaCnia, rom mandaturebis institutis SemoReba, yovel SemTxvevaSi Cvens skolaSi, saWiro ar iyo. aq gakontrolebis problemebi ar gvqonia~, _ ambobs 51-e skolis maswavlebeli aza eliava, `Sedegi is iqneba, rom SeiZleba bavSvebs ufro metad SeeSindeT~. Tumca misi kolegebis umravlesoba axal proeqts an mxolod `saukeTeso da saWiro iniciativad~ afasebs, an mis Sefasebas saerTod erideba: dalodeba da Sedegis mixedviT msjeloba gvirCevniao. policiis akademia mandaturebis ukve meore nakadis momzadebas iwyebs. momavali wlidan ganaTlebis saministro maT gagzavnas Tbilisisa da regionebis didi qalaqebis yvela skolaSi gegmavs.

dimitri SaSkini Tbilisis 117-e skolaSi, 15 aprili 2010

dimitri SaSkini Tbilisis 117-e skolaSi mandaturebis wardgenisas, 15 aprili 2010

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liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

fotoebi levan xerxeuliZe

adamianis uflebebi da samarTali

bavSvTa fsiqiatriuli dawesebuleba

gaucnobierebeli mkvleloba
vidre fsiqikuri aSlilobis mqone bavSvebisTvis specialuri dawesebuleba ar Seiqmneba, ubedur SemTxvevebs Tavidan ver avicilebT.
marika qoCiaSvili

`momexmare, gadavdga pirveli nabiji~, _ weria `pirveli nabijis~ ofisSi gakrul plakatze. organizacia, ukve 10 welze metia, SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebs pirveli nabijebis gadadgmaSi, pirveli sityvebis gamoTqmaSi da pirveli emociebis gamoxatvaSi exmareba. gasul kviras, iq pirveli ubeduri SemTxveva moxda. arasrulwlovani g.C. mezobel oTaxSi gamTeniisas Seipara da `pirveli nabijis~ aRsazrdeli gogona gaguda. msubuqi gonebrivi CamorCeniloba, specifikuri qceviTi da emociuri aSlilobis ukiduresi forma _ aseTia g.-s diagnozi. biWi `pirveli nabijis~ diRmis bavSvTa sofelSi kaspis bavSvTa saxlidan danarCen patarebTan erTad gadaiyvanes. iq ki oboli biWi
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

bebiam miabara, roca agresiuli gaxda da 3-4 wlisa saxlidan ramdenjerme gaiqca. fsiqologi rusudan boWoriSvili ixsenebs, rom kaspis bavSvTa saxlSi patarebs yuradRebas ar aqcevdnen da amitom g. xSirad ipareboda da mawanwalobda. `pirvel nabijSi~ mosul g.-s metyvelebac uWirda. Tumca, sruliad sxva samyaroSi aRmoCenilma nel-nela bevri axali Tviseba SeiZina _ gaxda mosiyvarule, gauCnda emociebi da mijaWvuloba aRmzrdelis mimarT, romelsac `pirveli nabijis~ bavSvebi `dedas~ eZaxian. Tumca, rusudanis TqmiT, erTi wlis Semdeg misTvis es garemoc uintereso gaxda da bavSvebis da sakuTari Tavis mimarT faruli agresia daewyo. g.-s daavadeba ganukurnebelia da, rogorc ucxoelma eqspertebma

`pirveli nabijis~ specialistebs uTxres, SesaZlebelia, asakTan erTad ufro metad gamwvavdes kidec. `imdenad sxvadasxvanairi iyo da imdenad araprognozirebadi, mivxvdiT, rom misi agresiisgan ver davicavdiT verc misi da verc sxva bavSvebisa da aRmzrdelebis usafrTxoebas. amitom, mudmivad mivmarTavdiT jer ganaTlebis da Semdeg jandacvis saministros. gulisyuriT gvismendnen, magram gveubnebodnen, rom saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs iseTi dawesebuleba, sadac aseTi diagnozis mqone bavSvs gadaiyvandnen. es Cvenc vicodiT, ubralod, ufleba ar gvqonda, g.-s qcevebis Sesaxeb maTTvis ar Segvetyobinebina~, _ ambobs rusudan boWoriSvili. rogori dawesebuleba sWirdebaT g.C.-snairi diagnozis mqone
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foto marika qoCiaSvili

adamianis uflebebi da samarTali

bavSvebs? _ CvenTan jerjerobiT aseTi dawesebulebis proeqtic ki ar arsebobs. fsiqiatriuli saavadmyofos bavSvTa ganyofileba daketilia. Tumca, is arc iyo aseT bavSvebze zrunvisTvis Sesaferisi adgili. wesiT, g.-s msgavsi patarebi ar unda cxovrobdnen fsiqiatriuli instituciismagvar, gisosebian da didi boqlomiT Carazul dawesebulebaSi, magram _ arc `pirveli nabijis~ ojaxur sacxovrebelSi, romelic Riaa da bavSvebs misi teritoriis datoveba Tavisuflad SeuZliaT. am dawesebulebaSi, wesiT, Tanabrad mniSvnelovani unda iyos rogorc bavSvebis SemoqmedebiT ganviTarebaze zrunva, ise eqimebis mkacri kontroli. imis gamo, rom g.-s tipis bavSvebi socialurad saSiSebi arian da maTi sazogadoebaSi

jerobiT Riaa~. SarSan, jandacvis saministros dafinansebiT, iaSvilis klinikaSi pirvelad gaixsna bavSvTa fsiqiatriuli ganyofileba. Tumca, iq patarebi mxolod gamwvavebuli SemTxvevebis dros gadahyavT, da rogorc ki mdgomareoba gaumjobesdeba, ukan abruneben. Tumca, g.-s diagnozis mqone bavSvebisTvis aseTi saxis mkurnaloba araefeqturia. `pirvel nabijSi~ amboben, rom Znelia, winaswar gansazRvro, Tu rodis garTuldeba bavSvebis mdgomareoba. `pirveli nabijis~ aRmzrdelebi darwmunebulebi iyvnen, rom g.-s qcevebs SeZlebisdagvarad srulyofilad marTavdnen, Tumca misi araprognozirebadobis gamo, mainc sul eSinodaT, biWs raime ar Caedina. jandacvis saministros socialuri dacvis programebis

moxvdes, gavagrZelebT masTan urTierTobas, ar gvinda, igrZnos, rom sul martoa~, _ ambobs rusudan boWoriSvili. gamoZiebis Sedegebisgan damoukideblad, `pirveli nabiji~ sakuTar pasuxismgeblobas acnobierebs da momavali saqmianobis dagegmvas am tragikuli SemTxvevis gaTvaliswinebiT gegmavs. `jandacvis saministromac unda gaiTvaliswinos es faqti. es aris samwuxaro realoba, magram SeiZleba is gamoviyenoT imisTvis, rom msgavsi SemTxveva momavalSi aRar ganmeordes~, _ acxadeben `pirvel nabijSi~. g.C. Cadenili gauazrebeli mkvlelobis Semdeg `pirvel nabijSi~ veRarasodes dabrundeba. Tumca, diRmis bavSvTa sofelSi veRarc danarCeni bavSvebi darCebian. `pirvel nabijs~, romlis biujetis Ziri-

wesiT, g.-s msgavsi patarebi ar unda cxovrobdnen fsiqiatriuli instituciismagvar, gisosebian da didi boqlomiT Carazul dawesebulebaSi, magram _ arc `pirveli nabijis~ ojaxur sacxovrebelSi, romelic Riaa da bavSvebs misi teritoriis datoveba Tavisuflad SeuZliaT.
uyuradRebod gaSveba sariskoa, am dawesebulebaSi art da SromiT Terapias, musikas, eqskursiebs unda axldes mudmivi zedamxedveloba da uwyveti mkurnalobis procesic. `sazRvargareT aseTi tipis dawesebulebebi arsebobs. CvenTan ki isini sabWoTa kavSiris droindeli fsiqiatriuli instituciebis asociaciebs iwvevs. raki deinstitucionalizacia bavSvebis ojaxebSi dabrunebas, anda maT saojaxo tipis saxlebSi gadayvanas niSnavs, SeiZleba es dawesebulebac mcire saojaxo tipis saxli iyos, oRond _ Tanamedrove standartebis Sesabamisi da mxolod am konkretuli saWiroebebis mqone bavSvebisTvis gankuTvnili. aseTi saxlebis gaxsna mogvcems saSualebas, rom momavalSi mainc aviciloT Tavidan msgavsi ubeduri SemTxvevebi~, _ ambobs rusudan boWoriSvili. Tumca, jandacvis saministroSi acxadeben, rom es sakiTxi `jer38

sammarTvelos ufrosi gia kakaCia ambobs, rom `pirveli nabiji~ is organizaciaa, sadac riski, gamocdili aRmzrdelebis wyalobiT, minimumamde hqondaT dayvanili, magram aseTi SemTxveva mainc moxda. `ar arsebobs 100%-iani prevencia, magram Tuki iarsebebs Sesabamisi garemo da sakadro resursi, risks minimumamde marTlac daviyvanT. Tumca, sabolood dazRveuli arc am SemTxvevaSi viqnebiT~, _ dasZens kakaCia. biWma danaSauli aRiara, magram sinanulis SegrZneba ar aqvs. SeiZleba jer verc acnobierebs, ra Caidina. mas orTviani winaswari patimroba Seufardes da 20 dRiT fsiqiatriul dawesebulebaSi gadaiyvanes, sadac eqspertiza Cautardeba da daadgenen, qmeduunaroa, Tu sakuTar qmedebebze pasuxismgeblobis aReba SeuZlia. `nebismier SemTxvevaSi dasWirdeba mkurnaloba. magram, sadac unda

Tad wyarosac ucxouri granti warmoadgenda, dafinanseba umcirdeba. amis gamo, maT bavSvTa saxlSi mcxovrebi patarebi sacxovrebel adgils isev icvlian da zogi _ siRnaRSi, zogi _ kojorSi, zogic senakis bavSvTa saxlSi gadadis. `pirveli nabijis~ teritoriaze rCeba mxolod dRis centri. `pirveli nabijis~ specialistebi apireben, mTeli finansebi da dro im ojaxebis daxmarebas dauTmon, sadac mZime diagnozis mqone bavSvebi cxovroben. isini specialuri treningebiT Seecdebian, daarwmunon mSoblebi, rom Svilebi bavSvTa saxlebSi ar Caabaron, aswavlian patarebTan swor urTierTobasa da maTze sworad zrunvas. dReSi ramdenime saaTis ganmavlobaSi darCebian bavSvebTan erTad da mSoblebs muSaobis saSualebas miscemen. gamodis, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebi pirvel nabijebs axla ukve sakuTar saxlebSi gadadgamen.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

sazogadoeba

tvinebis gadineba
ganviTarebuli qveynebisgan gansxvavebiT, saqarTvelodan inteleqti mxolod gaedineba.
rusudan fanoziSvili

fizikis institutSi, sadac yvelaze axali xelsawyoebi 80-iani wlebiT TariRdeba, birTvuli kvlevebis erovnuli centridan Camosulma gia dvalma fizikasa da samyaros simetriaze waikiTxa leqciebi. Zveli auditoria da samoci wlis winandeli kedlebi ramdenime dRiT axalgazrdebiTac ki gaivso da institutis uzarmazari da carieli Senoba uCveulod gamococxlda. Tumca, fusfusi maleve Sewyda. qarTveli mecnieri ukan gaeliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

mgzavra da fizikis institutis sabWoTa epoqaSi gayinuli cxovrebac Cveul, uxmauro ritms daubrunda. fizikis institutSi 100 mecnieri muSaobs. maTi saSualo asaki 60 welia. amitom ambobs institutis direqtoris moadgile, aleqsandre RonRaZe, rom Tanamedrove teqnikaze metad adamianebi akliaT, ufro zustad ki _ axalgazrdebi. axalgazrda fizikosebis umravlesoba ki, gia dvalis msgavsad, sazRvargareT muSaobs. bolo

oci wlis ganmavlobaSi institutidan sazRvargareT oTxmocamde mecnieri wavida. fizika da sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi _ es is dargebia, romlebSic saqarTvelom yvelaze didi `inteleqtualuri maragi~ `gaasxvisa~. `brein dreini~, sityvasityviT, `tvinebis gadineba~ da igive maRalkvalificiuri specialistebis emigracia is problemaa, romelic postsabWoTa sivrcis ramdenime qveyanaSi, maT Soris
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ilustracia sofo kirTaZe / wignis saxelosno

sazogadoeba

saqarTveloSic, gansakuTrebulad mwvaved dgas. `gia joxaZe, daTo frangiSvili, gigiSa musxeliSvili, avTo kalandaZe ... bevrni arian~, _ saxelebis CamoTvlas ver audis molekuluri biologiis institutis 90 wlis akademikosi malxaz zaaliSvili, romelic 66 welia, molekulur biologiaSi muSaobs da institutic TviTon daaarsa. igi im mecnierebs ixsenebs, romlebmac bolo wlebSi instituti erTmaneTis miyolebiT datoves. `gia joxaZe amerikis 100 saukeTeso mecniers Soris daasaxeles~, _ amayobs zaaliSvili. molekuluri biologiis institutis mecnierebis 50 procentze meti axla ukve amerikis, germaniis, safrangeTis da sxva wamyvan universitetebSi muSaobs. `tvinebis gadinebis~ procesi saqarTveloSi sabWoTa kavSiris rRvevis periodSi, 80-90-ian wlebSi masStaburad daiwyo da standartuli gamomwvevi mizezebi hqonda: xelfasebis simcire, umuSevroba, profesiuli winsvlis ararseboba da, zogadad, mZime socialuri, ekonomikuri da politikuri garemo. konkretuli raodenobrivi an xarisxobrivi kvleva imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenma maRalkvalificiurma specialistma datova samSoblo, CvenTan ar Catarebula. Tumca, aseTi kvleva Catarda 2009 wels somxeTSi, sadac gairkva, rom inteleqtualebis 50 procenti qveynidan wasulia. CRRC-s mkvlevari, aaron erlihi varaudobs, rom saqarTveloSi `inteleqtis gadinebis~ maCvenebeli somxeTisas gadaaWarbebs. `amis erT-erTi mizezi is aris, rom somxeTSi sabWoTa kavSiris dangrevis Semdeg SeZles kvleviTi institutebi da maTi aRWurviloba saqarTveloze metad SeenarCunebinaT~, _ acxadebs erlihi. sabWoTa kavSiris ngrevis periods da 90-iani wlebis movlenebs kvleviTi institutebis krizisi marTlac mohyva. zogi instituti daniSnulebis gareSe darCa. aparatura ki wyobidan gamovida _ `zogi xelsawyo mxolod imitom gagvifuWda, rom laboratoriebSi maTTvis saWiro temperaturas denisa da gaTbobis gareSe ver vinar40

CunebdiT~, _ ixsenebs molekuluri biologiis institutis direqtori nani jafariZe. ilias universitetis reqtori gigi TevzaZe Tavis wignSi `ganjadoeba~ wers, rom 2005 wlidan qarTveli mecnierebis axali kvlevebi sul ufro met saerTaSoriso interess iwvevs. Tumca, iqve Sedgenili cxrilebis mixedviT, saqarTvelo regionis danarCen qveynebsa da ufro mcire mosaxleobis saxelmwifoebs mainc CamorCeba. CvenTan zogierTi samecniero mimarTuleba saerTod ar arsebobs. onise Saria merilendis universitetSi Materials science-is departamentis postdoqtorantia, muSaobs organul kristalebSi qimiuri reaqciebis modelirebaze da acxadebs, rom am mimarTulebas saqarTveloSi TiTqmis aravin misdevs. `saqarTveloSi am ganxriT bevrs verafers SevZlebdi. aq ki weliwadSi ramdenime konferenciaSi vmonawileob, vecnobi siaxleebs. Cemi specialoba moiTxovs mZlavr superkompiuterebs, saqarTveloSi aseT kompiuterebze muSaobis saSualeba namdvilad ar meqneba. aq nebismier universitetSi gacilebiT ukeTesi samecniero garemoa, vidre me maxsovs Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi~, _ acxadebs onise da varaudobs, rom amerikaSi minimum 10 wliT mainc darCeba. umravlesobisTvis migraciis mizezi Semosavalia. biologiis institutis direqtori nani jafariZe ambobs, rom bolo wlebSi maTi institutis sabaziso dafinanseba faqtobrivad aRar gazrdila. kvleviTi institutebis mecnier-TanamSromeli ki xelfasis saxiT TveSi saSualod 200 lars iRebs. ufro maRali anazRaureba mxolod maT ergebaT, visac gaumarTlebs da periodulad proeqtebis sagranto dafinansebas miiRebs. Tumca, gia dvali, romelic 1992 wlidan evropis da amerikis sxvadasxva universitetebSi moRvaweobs, mecnierebis sxva qveynebSi gadasvlas ase mtkivneulad ar aRiqvams. `fizikosebis sxvadasxva qveyanaSi moZraoba da muSaoba Cveulebrivi movlenaa~, _ acxadebs is, Tumca arc imas uaryofs, rom qarTveli mecnierebis

qveynidan gadinebaze sxva faqtorebma imoqmeda. `fizikis erT-erTi yvelaze kargi skola gvqonda saqarTveloSi~, axla ki, sxvadasxva mizezis gamo, `situacia Zalian, Zalian mZimea, nebismierma Tavmoyvare qveyanam mecniereba unda daafinansos~, _ ambobs dvali, msoflioSi erT-erTi yvelaze didi fizikuri eqsperimentis Tanaavtori. maRalkvalificiuri specialistebi qveynis saerTo mosaxleobis mcire nawils Seadgenen, Tumca maTi wasvla qveynis ganviTarebaze mwvaved aisaxeba. migraciis saerTaSoriso organizaciis (IOM) 2006 wlis kvlevaSi yofili sabWoTa kavSiris qveynebidan yvelaze metad IT specialistebis da teqnikuri dargebis specialistebis gadinebas gamohyofen. es tendencia gansakuTrebiT ruseTSi gamovlinda. eqimebis migraciiT gamoirCeoda estoneTi, makedonias ki ufro maswavleblebi da axalgazrda mkvlevrebi tovebdnen. `patara mokvlevis Sedegad Cemma nacnobma, romelic vekuas saxelobis skolaSi swavlobda da axla amerikaSi moRvaweobs, aRmoaCina, rom misi Tanaklaselebidan mxolod erTiRaa saqarTveloSi, danarCeni yvela sazRvargareT muSaobs~, _ ixsenebs mkvlevari aaron erlihi. erlihis varaudiT, romelic bolo ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTveloSi migracias ikvlevda, `saqarTveloSi mecnierebTan erTad, IT personalis, veterinarebis, eqimebis krizisi unda iyos~. mkvlevrebi amboben, rom `dakarguli inteleqtis~ zusti raodenobis dadgena SeuZlebelia. migraciaze CRRC-s 2010 wlis kvlevam ki aCvena, rom amerikasa da dasavleT evropaSi gasuli qarTveli migrantebis umravlesobas _ maT 70%-s umaRlesi ganaTleba aqvs. zogadad, qarTveli migrantebis raodenoba bolo erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi gaizarda. gaero-s monacemebiT, 2008 wels msoflios sxvadasxva qveyanaSi TavSesafari saqarTvelos 545 moqalaqem moiTxova, 2009 wels ki _ 10 994-ma. ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis samiliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

sazogadoeba

nistroSi, romlis vebgverdze erTerT qveTavad `migraciaa~ miTiTebuli, acxadeben, rom am mimarTulebiT programebi ar aqvT. diasporis saministros analitikuri departamentis cnobiT ki, migraciis Sesaxeb programebi aqvT, magram `inteleqtis gadinebis~ kuTxiT _ arc erTi. ganaTlebis ministri dimitri SaSkini ambobs, rom yvela adamiani, maT Soris mecnieri, arCevanSi Tavisufalia. `maT sazRvrebs ver CavuketavT, rom ar wavidnen~. Tumca, eTanxmeba im azrs, rom saWiroa, TviTon qveyanam Seuqmnas mecnierebs saTanado garemo, sakuTari qveynidan wasvla rom ar gadawyviton. amisTvis mas aucileblad miaCnia saxelmwifo universitetebis saTanado teqnikuri bazebiT aRWurva da am procesis dawyebas zafxulidan gegmavs. xolo kvleviTi institutebis sabaziso dafinanseba, misive TqmiT, iqamde ver moimatebs, vidre zogadad qveynis biujeti ar gaizrdeba. klasikuri gagebiT `inteleqtis gadinebas~ ara, magram potenciurad `tvinebis~ dakargvis safrTxes saqarTvelodan yovelwliurad wasuli uamravi studentic qmnis. `liberalTan~ saubarSi zogierTi maTgani ambobs, rom saqarTveloSi dabrunebas sazRvargareT darCena da iq muSaoba urCevnia, mTavar motivad ki miRebuli codnis realizebis met SesaZleblobasa da Sromis adekvatur anazRaurebas asaxelebs. dabrunebas ki isini apireben, visac miRebuli stipendiis sanacvlod amas xelSekrulebiT evaleba. prezidentis yofili fondi sazRvargareT gagzavnil magistrantebs aseT valdebulebas ar akisrebda. msgavsi SeTanxmeba studentebTan arc mas Semdeg gaformebula, rac saprezidento fondis gankargva ganaTlebis saministrom daiwyo. Tumca, saministros warmomadgenlis maia sifraSvilis gancxadebiT, ukve muSaoben xelSekrulebis axal variantze da ramdenime TveSi studentebs swavlis dasrulebis Semdeg erTi wlis saqarTveloSi gatarebas mosTxoven. mxolod msgavsi SezRudvebi saqarTvelos dakargul inteleqts ver
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

daubrunebs. amisTvis calsaxa saxelmwifo programebis Camoyalibebaa saWiro, romlis Canasaxic 2004 wels TiTqos gamoCnda. maSin saakaSvilma ucxoeTSi mcxovreb qarTvelebs ormagi moqalaqeobis miRebis Sansi misca da aRniSna, rom sazRvargareT wasuli qarTvelebis samSobloSi dasabruneblad xelisuflebam yvelaferi unda gaakeTos. qveyanaSi viTareba ise unda Seicvalos, rom maT ukan dabrunebis survili gauCndeT. `2003 wlis revoluciis Semdeg ukan dabrunebis tendencia marTlac SesamCnevi iyo. maSin mTavrobaSi maRal Tanamdebobebze ucxoeTSi momuSave qarTvelebi daniSnes. oRond es `gadenili tvinebis~ Zalian mcire nawili iyo. 2008 wlis agvistos Semdeg ki nebismieri saxis migrantebis dabrunebistendencia kvlav mkveTrad Semcirda~, _ acxadebs erlihi. 2008 wlidan saqarTvelosTvis prioritetuli sul sxva xarisxis

qveynis ganviTarebaSi maRalkvalificiuri specialistebis gamoyeneba rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes, amisTvis `saxelmwifom, pirvel rigSi, Sromis saTanado garemo unda Seqmnas, daxvewos Sromis kanonmdebloba da gaaumjobesos ekonomikuri garemo, _ ambobs aaron erlihi, _ pirvel rigSi ki, mecnierebis dafinansebaze zrunvaa saWiro~. roca singapurSi SeniSnes, rom adgilobrivi kvalificiuri iuristebi samsaxuris saZebnelad sazRvargareT masobrivad midiodnen, am tendencias kreatiuli proeqtebiT daupirispirdnen: axal kursdamTavrebulebs ara mxolod maRali xelfasebi dauniSnes, damatebiTi sargeblobis paketebic SesTavazes, romlebic savarjiSo darbazebs, masaJs, stresTan gamklavebis saSualebebs da kidev sxva SeRavaTebs moicavda. yatarSi ki maRalkvalificiuri specialistebis masStaburi gadinebis Semdeg mecnie-

fizika da sabunebismetyvelo mecnierebebi _ es is dargebia, romlebSic saqarTvelom yvelaze didi `inteleqtualuri maragi~ `gaasxvisa~.
problemebi gaxda. parlamentis evropasTan integraciis komitetis Tavmjdomare daviT darCiaSvili dRes saqarTveloSi arsebul problemebs or nawilad hyofs _ usafrTxoebis problema da sxva danarCeni problemebi. `inteleqtis gadineba~ swored am sxva danarCenSi Sedis. `qveyanas axla yofna-aryofnisTvis uwevs brZola, amitom qveynidan gadenili inteleqtis dabrunebaze zrunvis dro jer ar aris~, _ dasZens darCiaSvili. inteleqtis xangrZlivi gadineba nebismier qveyanas ganviTarebis Seferxebis safrTxes uqmnis. magram, idealur SemTxvevaSi, eqspertebis azriT, `brein dreins~ sasikeTo Sedegic SeiZleba hqondes _ kidev ufro ganaTlebuli migrantis ukan dabruneba. mkvlevrebi da mecnierebi saqarTvelodan wasuli maTi kolegebis ukan dabrunebis zogierT SemTxvevas marTlac ixseneben, oRond _ mxolod sapensio asakSi. rebis ganviTarebisTvis didZali finansebi gamoyves. ganviTarebul qveynebs termini `inteleqtis gadineba~ dRes mwvaved aRar awuxebT. amis mizezi Sromis Ria bazaria, sadac multinacionaluri giganturi kompaniebi iolad pouloben sasurvel maRalkvalificiur kadrebs. im qveynebSi, sadac infrastruqtura, samecniero baza da Sromis bazari ganviTarebulia, sevdiani terminis _ `inteleqtis gadinebis~ nacvlad, ukve `inteleqtis globalizaciaze~, `inteleqtis brunvasa~ da `gacvlaze~ saubroben. saqarTvelosTvis ki `gasxvisebuli inteleqtis~ marags verc Cvens qveyanaSi samuSaod Camosuli ucxoelebi Seavseben. Tavisi sul sxva, `nomer pirveli~ problemiT saqarTvelo jerjerobiT kvlavac im qveynebis rigSi dgas, saidanac `tvinebi~ gaedinebian da ukan TiTqmis aRar brundebian.
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sazogadoeba

subtitrebic da dublirebac
qarTul kinoTeatrebSi ucxo enaze dublirebuli filmebis Cveneba unda aikrZalos.
maia wiklauri
mayurebelma kinodarbazSi filmi, SesaZloa, mxolod original enaze qarTuli subtitrebiT, an qarTulad dublirebuli naxos. es im SemTxvevaSi moxdeba, Tu parlamenti erovnuli kinematografiis saxelmwifo mxardaWeris Sesaxeb kanonSi cvlilebas Seitans. Tu kinoTeatrebi kanons daarRveven, maT pirvelad _ 1500, meored _ 3000, mesamed an metjer ki 10 000 lariT daajarimeben. kanonproeqtis avtoria kulturis saministro, iniciatori ki _ saqarTvelos prezidenti. swored misi TxovniT parlamentis ganaTlebis, mecnierebisa da kulturis komitetma 15 aprils riggareSe sxdoma Caatara. komitetis wevrebma sakanonmdeblo cvlileba zustad 5 wuTSi ganixiles da mTeli SemadgenlobiT dauWires mxari. dRemde filmebi yvela qarTul kinoTeatrSi umetesad rusul enaze gadis. ganaTlebis, mecnierebisa da kulturis komitetis Tavmjdomare giorgi gabaSvilis TqmiT, saqarTvelo damoukidebeli qveyanaa da 70-wliani warsulis kvali droulad unda aRmoifxvras. `kinoTeatrSi filmi yvelam aucileblad erovnul enaze unda naxos, umetesad _ subtitrebiT. Cveni upirvelesi mizania, saxelmwifo ena davicvaT. meore amocana ki evropuli enebis, ZiriTadad, inglisuri enis mxardaWeraa, _ ganacxada gabaSvilma. misi azriT, ase mosaxleoba ucxo enis codnasac gaiRrmavebs. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom filmebi mxolod inglisurenovani ar aris, aseTive warmatebiT qarTvelebma kinoSi franguli, induri, iranuli, italiuri, Cinuri, Sveduri da sxva ucxo enebis Seswavlac unda SeZlon. ramdenad SeiZleba kinoTeatrSi enis Seswavla, es sadavo sakiTxia. sxva
42

Temaa, ramdenad SeZlebs mayurebeli suraTis mxatvruli mxaris aRqmas subtitrebis meSveobiT. giorgi gabaSvili ambobs, rom subtitrebi yvela qveyanaSi aprobirebuli meTodia da filmis mxatvrul aRqmas, piriqiT, aadvilebs. kinomcodne arCil SubaSvilis azriT, filmis subtitrebiT yureba usiamovno SegrZnebas iwvevs. filmi mxatvrulobas kargavs, roca ekranze mis kiTxvas iwyeb! kiTxulob, rom gaigo, ras laparakoben, am dros _ gepareba mniSvnelovani epizodi, _ ambobs SubaSvili. mis azrs kinoTeatrebSi liberalis mier gamokiTxuli 40 mayureblidan 27 iziarebs. Zalian sasiamovnoa, roca ena ici da am enaze filmis originalur versias uyureb. magram Zalian damRlelia titrebiT ucxo enaze filmis yureba. am SemTxvevaSi, gaxmovaneba mirCevnia, oRond _ kargi xarisxis, _ ambobs 25 wlis beqa. subtitrebisgan gansxvavebiT, gaxmovaneba ufro did xarjebTanaa dakavSirebuli. saWiroa kargi teqnikuri aRWurva, teqstis damuSaveba, sityvebis sinqronTan Tanxvedra, profesionali msaxiobebi, originali filmis Rirebulebebis SenarCuneba. Tu aqamde kinoTeatrebi ukve mza produqcias ZiriTadad ruseTSi yidulobdnen, axla ucxour mwarmoebel kinostudiebTan TanamSromloba mouwevT. subtitrebis momzadeba, anda dublireba, romelime adgilobriv studias unda daukveTon, an sakuTari studia aRWurvon. kinoTeatrebs amisTvis 6 Tves miscemen. gabaSvili acxadebs, rom kanonproeqti kulturis saministroSi kinoTeatrebTan konsultaciebisa da SeTanxmebis Semdeg daiwera. Tumca TviTon kinoTeatrebis warmomadgenlebi amas uaryofen. dokumentSi weria, rom

`kanoni moqmedi subieqtebis xarjebze ar imoqmedebs~. Tumca, kinoTeatrebSi amtkiceben, rom kanonis ZalaSi Sesvla maT xarjebs gazrdis da dafinansebis mosapoveblad damatebiTi investiciebis mozidva dasWirdebaT. kinoTeatrebis rusTavelisa da amiranis marketingis menejeri nika afriaSvili fiqrobs, rom kargi iqneba, Tu kanonis damtkicebamde parlamentarebi an kanonis avtorebi maTTan konsultacias gaivlian da gadawyvetilebas ise miiReben. Tu rusulad Cveneba aikrZaleba, isinic, visac rusulad gaxmovanebuli filmebis naxva urCevnia, internets miakiTxaven da ara _ Cven. amitom kargi iqneba saxelmwifo, pirvel rigSi, `kinomekobreobis~ problemis mogvarebaSi dagvexmaros!~ _ ambobs afriaSvili. is ukrainis magaliTs ixsenebs, sadac analogiuri kanonis miRebis paralelurad, adgilobriv kinoTeatrebs filmis gaxmovanebasTan dakavSirebuli yvelanairi gadasaxadi gauuqmes. miuxedavad didi xarjebisa, rusTavelsa da amiranSi kanonproeqts ar ewinaaRmdegebian da, misi damtkicebis SemTxvevaSi, sakuTari studiis mowyobas gegmaven. maTgan gansxvavebiT, ufro didi problema Seeqmneba kinos saxls. aq ZiriTadad arakomerciuli filmebi gadis. seansze daswreba ki mxolod erTi lari Rirs. ZiriTadi auditoria studentebisgan Sedgeba. uamravi filmi gvaqvs, maT Soris _ Zveli filmebis arqivic. umetesoba rusuli gaxmovanebiTaa. Tu yvelaferi qarTulad unda iyos dublirebuli, an subtitrebiT gaformebuli, es Zvirad dagvijdeba da veRarafers gavuSvebT, _ ambobs saqarTvelos kinocentris SemoqmedebiTi kavSiris ufrosi konsultanti liana xoStaria. am iniciativaze saubari jer kidev SarSan zafxulSi daiwyo. Tumca SarSan rusulad dublirebuli filmebi mxolod qarTuli mauwyeblebis saeTero sivrcidan gaqra. kanonmdeblebi amboben, rom wels am sakiTxs kinoTeatrebSic moagvareben. kanonproeqts kidev erTi sakomiteto mosmenis Semdeg plenarul sxdomaze gaitanen dasamtkiceblad.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

kultura

misi Zala gamWvirvale...

`brwyinvale~ mikeles mSvidobis xidi, rogorc axali drois arqiteqturis nimuSi.
daviT buxrikiZe
niiT STagonebuli meamboxe-konstruqtivisti? mikele de luCi 1951 wels feraraSi daibada. arqiteqturuli ganaTleba florenciaSi miiRo, sadac ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi dizainisa da arqiteqturis departamentSi muSaobda. 1978 wels milanSi avejis, dizainisa da ganaTebis xelovnebas andrea branzis da alesandro mendinis cnobil firmebSi eufleboda. 80-ian wlebSi dizainuri jgufebis `memfisisa~ da `olivetis~ mTavari konsultantia. aRsaniSnavia, rom orive ofisebisa da bankebis avejsa da dizainzea specializebuli. 1987 wels jguf `artemidaSi~ axali teqnologiebis aTvisebiTaa dakavebuli _ aluminis konstruqciebs, lampebis dizains da ganaTebis teqnologiebs erTmaneTs uxamebs. 1995 wels de luCi dukis Cinuri savaWro centris dizains qmnis. ramdenime wlis Semdeg ki ganaxlebul frankfurtis sarkinigzo sadguris gadaxurvis konstruqcias xelmZRvanelobs. Tumca misi, rogorc mSenebeli arqiteqtoris debiuti, saqarTveloSi Sedga. jer baTumSi _ sastumro `medeas~ kompleqsi (daumTavrebelia), mere saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros Senoba (xalxSi cnobili `vanos gamWvirvale koSkis~ saxelwodebiT) da bolos, misi arqiteqturuli fantaziis gvirgvini _ neoklasicizmis pretenziiT Seqmnili prezidentis sasaxle avlabarSi. roca mikele de luCis Semoqmedebas internetiT ecnobi, Znelia, funqcionaluri saofise avejis, mokrZalebulad gaformebuli vitrinebisa da Tundac ucnauri dizainis minis lampebis miRma, arqiteqtoris masStabi an vneba dainaxo. amitom, mis mier daproeqtebuli sasaxlec, sami43

foto levan xerxeuliZe

`mSvidobis xidis~ mSenebloba, Tbilisi, aprili 2010

daumTavrebeli, magram prezidentis mier sanaxevrod ukve kurTxeuli, gamWvirvale `mSvidobis xidis~ konstruqcia lamis mTeli saqarTvelos yuradRebis centrSia. cxadia, xidi maisis bolos gaixsneba, raTa adgilobriv arCevnebSi `nacionalur~ aRmSeneblobas meti sicxade daetyos, xolo `saqmian da zrdil~ (simReridanaa!) gigi ugulavas _ damaSvralis lirikuli Sarmi... manamde kidev bevri Selamazebuli `rimeiqi~ iqneba: demokratiis naxevrad miRweul gamarjvebaze, samSvidobo operaciebSi qarTvelTa saamayo internacionalur valze, nato-s karTan atuzuli qarTveli eris naTel momavalze, `bneli da arogantuli~ opoziciis uSedego vnebebze, moRalateebis gamocxadebul qronikasa Tu saxelovani mamuliSvilebis ardaviwyebaze... propagandistul Temebs ra gamolevs. erTi aseTi Tema brwyinvalebis ordenic iyo, romlis verc warmomavloba davadgineT, verc mizani da verc fuladi premiis raodenoba.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

vin aris is, niWieri arqiteqtori, romlis xmauriani debiuti saqarTveloSi Sedga, Tu `gamWvirvaleobis~ kampaniiT STagonebuli meamboxe-konstruqtivisti?
saakaSvilma saprezidento sasaxlis arqiteqtori da ukve saqarTvelos moqalaqe, mikele de luCi, sxva gamoCenil qarTvel sazogado moRvaweebTan da xelovanebTan erTad, swored am ordeniT daajildova. amitom, bunebrivad Cndeba kiTxva: vin aris es odnav morcxvi RimiliT, inteligenturi sekend-hendis samosiTa da liberali neomarqsistis garegnobiT gamorCeuli kaci? niWieri arqiteqtori, romlis xmauriani debiuti swored saqarTveloSi Sedga, Tu adgilobriv reformebs morgebuli da `gamWvirvaleobis~ kampa-

nistroc da ukve `mSvidobis xidic~ saqarTveloSi avantiurul gatacebas da siaxlis survils ufro hgavs, vidre landSafturi arqiteqturis siaxles; an kulturis, tradiciisa da Tanamedrove arqiteqturis postmodernistul Sejvarebas. misi arqiteqturuli proeqtebi saqarTveloSi, iseve rogorc `mSvidobis xidis~ axlebuli gaazreba da konstruqcia, urTierTsawinaaRmdego mosazrebebs ganapirobebs. arqiteqtorebis, dizainerebis da sxva specialistebisgan mravali sayuradRebo mosazreba gamoiTqva, rac CvenTan saubarSi arqiteqtorma koka amirejibma yvelaze ganzogadebulad da lakonurad Camoayaliba: `mSvidobis xidi~ sakuTari masStabiT, zomiT da formiT arRvevs istoriulad Camoyalibebul garemos. jer kidev 80-ian wlebSi, mTavrobis mier miRebuli dadgenilebiT (romelic, sxvaTa Soris, aravis gauuqmebia), istoriul zonaSi mSenebloba ar unda arRvevdes arsebul istoriul masStabs, ar unda akninebdes garemos da Zeglebs. axali xidi, Tavisi erTi SexedviT msubuqi konstruqciiTa da xelovnurad gazrdili masStabiT, yvela am moTxovnas ugulebelyofs. mis fonze sruliad umniSvnelod Cans iseTi istoriuli Zeglebi, rogoricaa metexi, sioni, darejanis sasaxle, an Zveli Tbilisis aivniani saxlebi. xidis aSeneba ratomRac farulad gadawyda. sazogadoebas ar hqonda saSualeba, winaswar ganexila proeqti da Tavisi damokidebuleba gamoeTqva axali mSeneblobis mimarT~. arqiteqtorTa nawili imasac miiCnevs, rom istoriuli Zeglebisadmi amgvari eWviani damokidebulebiT da siaxlis miuReblobiT Tbilisis momavali landSaftur-sivrcobrivi arqiteqtura ver ganviTardeba. magaliTad, ratomRac, eifelis koSks asaxeleben, romelic Tavis droze mopasanma `parizis yvelaze did simaxinjed~ gamoacxada. vnaxoT, iqneb oci wlis Semdeg axal Tbiliss Semoseulma turistebmac swored `brwyinvale~ mikeles `mSvidobis xidze~ aRbeWdon sakuTari Tavi da ara istoriuli metexis taZrisa da nariyalas fonze.
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wignebi

Tavisufali msoflio: amerika, evropa da dasavleTis moulodneli momavali

transatlantikuri urTierTobebisa da demokratiis sakiTxebis kargi Sesavali studentebisTvis, saukeTeso reziume profesionalebisTvis.
levan cucqiriZe
tlantikur urTierTobebSi mTavar rols safrangeTi, germania, didi britaneTi da, ra Tqma unda, SeerTebuli Statebi TamaSoben. eSis azriT, britaneTi orsaxa ianuss mogvagonebs, romelsac Tanabrad ganviTarebuli aqvs rogorc kontinenturi, aseve transatlantikuri identoba, rac mis sagareo politikas unikalurs, Tumca problematurs xdis. amasTan, didi britaneTi is erTaderTi saxelmwifoa, romelsac sworedac rom am dualizmis gamo SeuZlia umTavresi roli iTamaSos evropisa da amerikis mWidrod SekavSirebaSi. kontinenturi evropa, Tavis mxriv, axali identobis Seqmnasa Tu ZiebaSia. misi didi nawili ki imis mtkicebaa, rom evropa ar aris amerika. aRniSnulis safuZveli ramdenimea. pirveli, es aris sabWoTa safrTxis gaqroba. meore faqtoria moklevadiani gaRizianeba _ jorj buSis calmxrivi sagareo politika eraysa da sxva sakiTxebSi, xolo mesame evropuli anti-amerikanizmia (iseve, rogorc anti-evropizmi amerikaSi). evropa or gansxvavebul sagareo politikur xedvas Soris meryeobs: evrogolizmi, romelic amerikisa da nato-sagan ufro izolirebuli sagareo politikis prioritets xedavs da evro-CerCilizmi, roliberali . aprili 2010 . 27

timoTi gaarton eSi Random House, New York. 2004 http://www.timothygartonash.com/

Tavisufali msoflios erTerTi yvelaze sainteresod ganxiluli Tema dasavleTis krizisia. kerZod ki is dapirispireba, rac SeerTebul Statebsa da evropas Soris warmoiSva. amis uSualo mizezi, gaarton eSis azriT, erayis omis wamowyeba iyo, magram evropul-amerikul krizisebs ufro Rrma safuZvlebi aqvs. transa-

melic mWidro transatlantikur TanamSromlobaSi xedavs saukeTeso arCevans. SeerTebuli Statebis sagareo politikaSi didia ryevebi izolacias, unilateralizmsa da multilateralizms Soris. aseTi cvlilebebi arRvevs sagareo politikis strategiul Tanamimdevrobas. amerikis evropasTan mWidro TanamSromlobas strategiul sakiTxebSi isic arTulebs, rom evropas bevri dedaqalaqi aqvs. samxedro TvalsazrisiT, evropa SeerTebuli StatebisaTvis naklebad mniSvnelovania, miT umetes maSin, rodesac saqme mis erovnul interesebs exeba. Tavis mxriv, evropelebi eZeben sakuTari Zalis axal ganzomilebebs, sakuTar uxeS Zalasac, TumcaRa risTvis, an ris winaaRmdeg sWirdebaT es Zliereba, jerjerobiT bundovania. mniSvnelovania evropelebsa da amerikelebs Soris gansxvavebebi religiis, saxelmwifos rolis, uTanasworobis sakiTxebis, garemos dacvis, suverenitetis, iaraRis flobis da sikvdiliT dasjis sakiTxebSi. magaliTad: RmerTi mniSvnelovani an Zalian mniSvnelovania amerikelTa 83%-is cxovrebaSi, xolo evropelTa mxolod 49% miiCnevs ase. federaluri gadasaxadebi amerikaSi 30%-mdea, xolo evropis saSualo gadasaxadi 40%-s utoldeba an sWarbobs. simdidris ganawileba evropaSi ufro Tanabaria, vidre amerikaSi. amerikaSi saSualo fena principSi mcirea, magram Zalian mdidar fenasa da qronikulad Rarib qveda fenas Sorisaa moqceuli. 2001 wlis 9/11-is Semdeg amerikelebis 72% iyo Zalian amayi Tavisi qveyniT. amave kiTxvaze ingliselebis 49%ma da germanelebis 40%-ma upasuxa analogiurad. yovel aT amerikelze cxra iaraRi modis, evropaSi ki aT adamians samze naklebi cecxlsasroli iaraRi aqvs. amerikuli cxovrebis wess bevrad meti energoresursis xarjva esaWiroeba, vidre evropuls. Tuki evropelebma
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

sakuTari suverenitetis mniSvnelovani wili evrokavSirs gadasces, amerikelebisTvis suverenitetis daTmoba miuRebelia. am fonze, gasakviri ar aris, rom 2003 wels evropelTa 79% fiqrobda, rom maT da amerikelebs gansxvavebuli socialuri da kulturuli Rirebulebebi aqvT. am wignSi bevri ramaa saintereso. Tu fiqrobT, rom amerikeli konservatorebi garemosTan mebrZoli kovboebi arian, saintereso iqneba, waikiTxoT, Tu romeli saxelmwifo xarjavs erTi dolars ufro ekologiurad, ratom ewinaaRmdegebian ganviTarebadi saxelmwifoebi karbon dioqsidis gamonabolqvis SezRudvebis dawesebas maTTvis; ratom ar amboben uars evropelebi da amerikelebi subsidiebze sakuTari industriebis mxardasaWerad da ra negatiuri gavlena aqvs amas siRaribis Semcirebis Zalisxmevaze. am saqmeSi evropa Cempionia: 2000 wels evrokavSiri 913 aSS dolar subsidias xarjavda erT evropul Zroxaze, maSin rodesac misi sagareo daxmareba Savi afrikisaTvis 8 aSS dolari iyo erT adamianze. miuxedavad amisa, oficialuri sagareo daxmarebis mxriv evrokavSiri uswrebs SeerTebul Statebs. miuxedavad amerikis upirobo samxedro, teqnologiuri da ekonomikuri Zlierebisa, evropis mizidulobisa (amerikelebi marsidan arian, evropelebi ki veneridan), axali moTamaSeebi da safrTxeebi mniSvnelovnad Seamcireben dasavleTis mier axali msoflio wesrigis formirebis SesaZleblobas. amis istoriuli Sansi aris axla da dRes. amas ki verc evropa da verc SeerTebuli Statebi marto ver SeZlebs. transatlantikuri urTierTobebis SeduRabebaSi wamyvani roli britaneTma unda iTamaSos, sadac toni bleris proeqti britaneTisTvis, rogorc didi transatlantikuri xidisa, jer kidev cocxalia. amerikis samxedro da ekonomikuri Zliereba saSualebas aZlevs Tavisufal

samyaros, xeli Seuwyos rogorc Tavisuflebis gavrcelebas, aseve terorizmis damarcxebas, siRaribis daZlevas da planetis gajansaRebas. amerika, romelic evropis qaliSvili iyo, axla biZia semia da man es roli kargad unda Seasrulos: mxari dauWiros evrokavSiris integracias da kvlav miiRos igi rogorc seriozuli da Tanaswori partniori. evropas, Tavis mxriv, aqvs Sansi daamtkicos, rom semuel hantingtoni cdeboda: man TurqeTi da ukraina (moldovasa da belorusTan erTad) unda miiRos evrokavSirSi da uCvenos, rom marTlmadideblur da muslimanur sazogadoebebSic SesaZlebelia Tavisufali sazogadoebis arseboba (sawinaaRmdego azrs eSi vulgarul hantingtonizms uwodebs). amasTanave, is, rac rTuli gadasaxarSi iqneboda evropisaTvis, SedarebiT advilia NATO-saTvis _ aseTi ruseTia. NATO-s SeuZlia ruseTic Caayenos saerTo ferxulSi da amiT ganamtkicos saerTaSoriso usafrTxoebac. swored amitom, NATO ruseTis integracias unda Seecados. mxolod aseTi, Tamami istoriuli nabijebiT SeiZleba im problemebis gadawyveta, rogoricaa israel-palestinis konfliqti, saerTaSoriso terorizmi, siRaribe, ekologiuri problemebi da birTvuli safrTxeebi. am gzaze savali dro SezRudulia da misi efeqturi gamoyeneba mxolod evropisa da SeerTebuli Statebis mWidro TanamSromlobiTaa SesaZlebeli. swored esaa dasavleTis erTgvarad moulodneli momavalic: Tuki gambedaoba eyofaT, evropasa da amerikas SeuZliaT erTad ajobon lobistebsa da interesis jgufebs, daZlion Sida saojaxo winaaRmdegobebi da gadalaxon istoriuli horizontebi. maT SeuZliaT, Seqmnan axali kavSirebi da iseTi msoflio, sadac SedarebiTi dasustebis SemTxvevaSic ki, isini msoflioSi Tavisuflebis mxardaWeras SeZleben.
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sporti

sania rom Txovdeboda

sania mirza indoeTis mze da mTvare, egeb aRarc aris indoeTis mze da mTvare da saerTod, sania mirzac aRara hqvia, aramed sania maliqi. gasul kviras saniam didi xmauris miuxedavad iqorwina Soaib maliqzed da albaT axla yvela dawynardeba.
gio axvlediani, londoni

mokled rom iTqvas, sania induri CogburTis varmokriketeTa nakrebis yofili kapitanicaa. saxalxo skvlavia da jerac 23 wlisaa. samagierod, is pirveli mniSvneloba am wodebisa imiTac ver fermkrTaldeba, indoeli CogburTelia, romelmac qalTa reitingSi rom Soaib maliqi yofili kapitania da axla saerToormoc saukeTesos Soris SeaRwia da amiT saerToindac erTi wliTaa mokveTili saerTaSoriso krikedur gmirad iqca. mere ra, rom axla adgili daTmo da tisgan. oTxmocdaaTian sias TuRa ukakunebs. rTuli droeba mokriketeTa erovnuli nakrebis kapitanoba Cvens edga, Soaib maliqze qorwineba ubralo ram ar gegosaxalxo mniSvnelobaze rom movTargmnoT, imgvari nos. popularobis nazavs warmoadgens pakistanSi, firosTanac sania daniSnuli iyo sohrab mirzaze, Tavis mans, mixeil mesxsa da arsena oZelaSvils rom hqonobavSvobis amxanagsa da mijnurze, zustad ise, rogorc daT, erT ierSi rom moqceuliyvnen. wesia. anu, es varskvlavTa mijnuroba iyo. aqeT sania, es niSnoba rom dairRva, isic xmauriani ambavi iyo, iqiT maliqi. sania xom haidarabadeoRondac, es pakistani da li muslimia, yoveli indoeTi gaxlavs. ori qveyana saqme imgvari xmauriT samjer eoma erTmaneTs 1947 wesis damcveli, dReSi mimdinareobda, rom masSi wlis cnobili gayofis Semdeg, xuTgzis mlocveli da marxvaTa Semnaxavi. politikuri eqspertebic ki CaerTnen: axlac sadavo aqvT qaSmiri da erTi sawvalebeli aTasi xva ubedureba, xolo `sinamdvileSi es Cveulebrivi 2008 wlis mumbais ambebis SesakiTxi isa hqonda, rom kortebze mokle kabiT ambavia, siyvaruli da qorwili. mdeg, qveyanaTa politikosebi TiTqmis gabutulni arian. iqiT gamomavals mainc gvaubralod, politika iseTi ramea, rom indoeTs aqvs atomuri bombi, rian cecxlqveS gaatarebdnen xolme, ranairi qvabSi wyali sul unda duRdes, cota aqeT pakistans. aris didi gamuslimiao, rogor SeiZcecxli rom Semoakldeba, miumateben wev-gamoweva. leba morwmune gogos ase roca mijnurobis ambavi gada esaa. orma udanaSaulo adamianma xmianda, saniam Tqva, sulac ecvas da amnairi ieriT uRebdnen suraTebso. moki, romelic ubralod ojaxs qmnis, am ar vfiqrob politikosebze, delobis ambavSic hqonda qorwilisTvis Tma ra frad SesimwareSi unda gaiaros~. viRebo, imasa vfiqrobo. Secodili. haidarabadi samxreTpakistanSi, maliqis mSobliur aRmosavleTi indoeTia, oTxmilioniani, margalitebis qalaq sialkotSi xalxma mis saxlis win cekva-TamaSi qalaqad wodebuli adgili. iqauri muslimuri Temi ki gaaCaRa sixarulis gamosaxatad, iqaurma kriketis mZle da didia, magram es indoeTia da aq ki isic unda ufrosobam 28 wlis maliqis arCevani dadebiTad SevTqvaT, rom saniac indoelia. afasa. qorwilic daigegma, aqeT haidarabadSi, iqiT da moxda ase, rom biWi Seuyvarda da im biWsac SeulahorSi da mokled, rogorc unda iyos. oRondac yvarda. saerTod, Semyvarebeli biWi Cans. qorwili agre iolad mainc ar gamovida, imitom rom sad gadaeyara sania mirza Soaib maliqs, amisas axla sanias winaaRmdeg didi kampania gaCaRda sakuTriv ver mogaxsenebT, magram, hai, hai, rom Soaib maliqi indoeTSi. is xom saerToinduri gmiria da, muslipakistanelia. mia Tu ara, amas mniSvneloba ara aqvs. memarjvene da Tan, ara mxolod pakistanelia, aramed pakistanis hinduebma ganTqmul bal Takerais TamadobiT presa
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liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

aiRes. romeli gazeTi ityvis uars pirvel gverdze sanias ambis afeTqebisgan? `eg gogo indoeli veRar iqneba. misi guli rom indurad Zgerdes, pakistanelisTvis ar aZgerdeboda~, _ ai, ase Tqva balma da istoriac gaxurda. isic ki Tqves, _ es indoeli kacis siamayis ambavia, amxela qveyanaSi indoelma qalma mosawoni rom ver naxa da maincdamainc pakistanels gadaekidao. aqa-iq imasac ambobdnen, _ aba sania biWi yofiliyo da pakistaneli qali aerCia, netav Tu vinme xmas amoiRebdao. raxanRa mediis SuqqveS moxvdnen sania da maliqi, iqac kidev erTi ambavi gairkva. maliqi Turme daqorwinebuli yofila gogoze, romelic arasdros enaxa. kriketisgan uqmad myof maliqs dro bevri hqonda, hoda mavan gogos, aeSia sidiqis, misTvis werilebi ugzavnia Tavisi fotoebiT da mTeli ambebiT, raic gamoCenil sportsmenTa xvedri namdvilad aris. maliqi werilebs ahyolia, gogosTan satelefono laparakebic gaubams da agre telefonSive daqorwinebula, ise, rom qali arc unaxavs.

indoelebi imasac ambobdnen, rad unda Cvens gogos aseTi upatiosno kacis colobao: ager telefonSi coli SeirTo da kapitnobidanac intrigebis gamo gadaayeneso. rogorc nacadi indo Jurnalsitebi amboben, bevri indosTvis pakistanelze gaTxoveba sruli kulturuli Sokia, Tumca, Wkviani xalxi imasac getyviT, rom yovel indoelSi aris nawili pakistanelisa da yovel pakistanelSi aris nawili indoelisao, rac metad saintereso naTqvamia da mgoni mxolod indopakelTa CaxlarTul urTierTobebs ar moergeba, aramed sxva aTas amis msgavs ambavsac. saqme imgvari xmauriT mimdinareobda, rom masSi politikuri eqspertebic ki CaerTnen da erTma amaTganma niraj bhuSanma Tqva: `sinamdvileSi es Cveulebrivi ambavia, siyvaruli da qorwili. ubralod, politika iseTi ramea, rom qvabSi wyali sul unda duRdes, cota cecxli rom Semoakldeba, miumateben da esaa. orma udanaSaulo adamianma ki, romelic ubralod ojaxs qmnis, am simwareSi unda gaiaros~. sanam politikosebi ase elaparakebian erTmaneTs,

sania mirza

naxavda ki, oRondac aeSias uTqvams, _ exla wonaSi momatebuli var, Sen TvalTaTvis minda ukeTesi gamovCnde da rom davikleb, mereRa SevxvdeTo. raxanRa amasobaSi sanias gadaeyara, maliqma satelefono coli uarhyo, oRondac policiaSi waCanCalebamac mouwia, radgan qalis mSoblebma iCivles, _ eg ra gamodis, Cveni Svili magis coliao. mokled, saqme maliqisTvis kargi garigebiT mogvarda, Torem, vin icis, ra iqneboda.
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

aseTi ambebi yovelTvis ase warimarTeba. maliqi da sania 15 aprils apirebdnen daqorwinebas, dubaiSi gadaxvewilni ityobinebodnen TariRs. mere gadaTqves, _ arao. sinamdvileSi ki sami dRiT adre iqorwines haidarabadSi. mokled, rogoc CvenSi ityodnen, Znelia indoeloba. mgoni, arc pakistanelobaa ioli. gansakuTrebiT maSin, roca nacnobi saxe gaqvs.

47

qalaqSi moxetiale kacis Canawerebi

gamarjoba, iaraRo?
ratom ar gamovdivarT quCaSi am problemis gadasawyvetad? ratom ar vebmebiT sajaro kamaTSi imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor SevamciroT qalaquri SeiaraReba? ratom ar vTxovT amas xelisuflebas? ratom ar vmoqmedebT?
kaxa Tolordava ...im dros Cemi megobari giorgi roterdamSi cxovrobda. viRac iqauri qarTveli nacnobis nacnobma sTxova, _ biWi Camomivida, inglisuri ar vici da wamomyevi, saCuqari minda vuyidoo. wayva. im kacis Svili daaxloebiT 15-16 wlis iqneboda. danebis maRaziaSi miiyvanes. SesvlisTanave mama-Svili vitrinebSi lamazad gamofenil danebs miawyda da xmamaRla daiwyes msjeloba maT av-kargianobaze. giorgi usityvod dahyveboda SesamCnevad aJitirebul danebis moyvarulebs. mxolod axla mixvda, rom is kaci danis yidvas apirebda SvilisTvis. mokled, rogorc iqna, biWma SearCia erTi mozrdili bebuTi da Tqva, _ albaT es yvelaze normaluriao. mama ar daeTanxma. `aba, amas Sexede, _ upasuxa Svils da erT mokauWebulpirian danaze miuTiTa, _ imas, rasac Sen irCev, kacs Tu daartyam, sisxlic ki ar gamouva, amas ki rom gauyri, nawlavebsac gamouyri gareT!~ giorgim raRac moimizeza da saswrafod gaecala iqaurobas. es namdvili ambavia. mamac da Svilic dRes TbilisSi cxovroben... giorgis es istoria guSin gamaxsenda, qiaCelis quCaze rom mivabijebdi. Cemsaze vfiqrobdi, rodesac iqve axlos, sul ramdenime metrSi manqanam daamuxruWa da erTi axalgazrda, kargad Cacmuli kaci gadmovida gogosTan erTad. kacma gogo win gauSva, Semdeg ki arcTu iseTi sifrTxiliT miixed-moixeda, qamris ukan garWobili uzarmazari, vercxlisferi pistoleti amoacura (etyoba manqanaSi jdomisas zedmetad daawva gavaze), xvanjarSi Caitena da pijaki Seikra. isini mxiaruli laparak-laparakiT Sevidnen sadarbazoSi, me ki gza gavagrZele da mxolod ramdenime wuTSi mivxvdi erT rames, _ bolo dros me Zalian, Zalian xSirad vxedav quCebSi iaraRs da es gadaWarbebuli naTqvami araa. es albaT marto me ar SemimCnevia, radganac, Tu ar vcdebi, erT-erTi qarTuli telearxi gamudmebiT atrialebs, ar maxsovs, vis damzadebul klips mozardebSi danis tarebis safrTxeze. statistikur monacemebze verafers mogaxsenebT, magram rogorc qalaqSi moxetiale adamiani, kidev erTxel davadastureb, _ TbilisSi civi iaraRi dabrunda! dabejiTebiT SemiZlia vTqva, rom es ase ar iyo Tundac sami-oTxi wlis win, an SeiZleba meSleba da im dros daniani biWebi ufro frTxilobdnen quCebSi erTmaneTisTvis Tavisi danebis Cvenebas. dRes ki yvelaferi sxvagvaradaa _ mozardebi yovelgvari sifrTxilis gareSe dganan quCebSi danebiT xelSi da, TiTqmis darwmunebiT SemiZlia vTqva,
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rom Tbilisis quCebSi iaraRs ukve y o v e l d R e vxedav! sxvebic xedaven, magram veravin vbedavT raimes Tqmas, SeniSvnis micemas, protestis gamoxatvas... ufro metic, ramdenime Tvis win viRac Camvlelma mamakacma dana daunaxa iqve mdgar mozards xelSi, sTxova, _ miCveneo, _ gamoarTva, erTi Seatrial-Semoatriala xelSi, daubruna, _ asworebso, _ uTxra da gza gaagrZela... ra vqnaT? ra Tqma unda SeiZleba Cvenc viyidoT danebi da CavigdoT jibeSi quCaSi gasvlisas, yoveli SemTxvevisTvis. es im SemTxvevisTvis, Tu vaRiarebT, rom idiotebi varT, magram xumroba iqiT iyos da, r a R a c xom unda movimoqmedoT? Cven! Tbiliselebma! ratom ar gamovdivarT quCaSi am problemis gadasawyvetad? ratom ar vebmebiT sajaro kamaTSi imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor SevamciroT qalaquri SeiaraReba? ratom ar vTxovT amas xelisuflebas? ratom ar vmoqmedebT? yvela am SekiTxvaze pasuxi ar maqvs, an ufro sworad maqvs varaudi, romlis mosmenac aravis esiamovneba, Cven xom ufro mniSvnelovani sakiTxebiT varT dakavebulebi? mere ki romelime Cvenganis Svils daWrian, an romelime Cvenganis Svili daWris vinmes da mxolod maSin SemovirtyamT TavSi xels. saqarTveloSi yovelTvis ase xdeba xolme, ara? dRemde! mokled, quCaSi moxetiale kaci kidev erTxel adasturebs: TbilisSi iaraRi dabrunda! Cvenzea damokidebuli, gamarjobas vetyviT, Tu davemSvidobebiT mas! rogorc xedavT, dRes xumrobis xasiaTze ar var...
liberali . aprili 2010 . 27

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