CHEMISTRY LAB REPORT : PRACTICAL 3

TITLE: BEHAVIOUR of GASES NAME: RAJASEGARAN S/O MUNIANDY MATRIX NO: CPM69/12C GROUP: D SEMESTER: 1 DATE: 29th AUGUST 2012 LECTURERS NAME: PN.KHALINAH OBJECTIVE: To determine the molar mass of a vapour.

INTRODUCTION: One of the properties that helps characterize a substance is its molar mass. If the substance in question is a volatile liquid, a common method to determine its molar mass is to use the ideal gas law, PV = nRT. Because the liquid is volatile , it can easily be converted to a gas. While the substance is in the gas phase, you can measure its volume, pressure, and temperature. You can then use the ideal gas law to calculate the number of moles of the substance. Finally, you can use the number of moles of the gas to calculate molar mass. APPARATUS & MATERIALS: Volatile unknown liquid, Distilled water, Rubber band, Bunsen burner, 100ml Erlenmeyer flask, 250ml graduated flask, Tripod stand,Wire gauze, Pins(needle/map pins), 2-in. square of aluminium foil, 500ml beaker, Balance, Thermometer. RESULTS: 1. Mass of flask/cap/rubber band = 47.39g 2. Temperature of boiling water = 99 or 372K C

3. Atmosphere pressure = 1 atm 4. Mass of flask/rubber band/cap/condensed vapour = 50.10g 5. Mass of condensed liquid = 2.71g 6. Volume of flask = 149ml or 0.149L 7. Molar mass of vapour (show calculation) = 554.8043gmol-1 DISCUSSIONS: In this experiment, the undefined liquid is evaporated to measure its molar mass. The pressure is kept constant (1atm). The undefined liquid is vapourised in the beaker containing boiling water. As the liquid fully vapourised, it is allowed to cool and the liquid condensed back to the liquid. The volume of flask containing the undefined liquid is measured. Using the ideal gas equation (pV=nRT), the molar mass of the vapour is measured by deriving the ideal gas equation as mR=mRT/pV.The molar mass obtained was 554.8043gmol-1.

CONCLUSION:The unknown liquid is ethanol which is volatile and evaporate easily. The molar mass of the vapour is measured using the ideal gas equation and the value was 554.8043gmol-1. QUESTION: 1.) If an insufficient amount liquid had been used, how would this have affected the value of the value of the experimental molar mass? = It will cause the mass of the condensed liquid to decrease and hence the molar mass will not be accurate. 2.) What are the major sources of error in your determination of the molar mass? = Systematic error on the accuracy of the weighinh balance. 3.) If the flask was not throughly wiped dry, how would this affect the molar mass?

= The mass of condensed liquid obtained will not be accurate.

4.)

Isobutyl alcohol has a boiling point of 108C. How would you modify the procedure used in this experiment to determine its molar mass? = We must use another solution to replace water which is used to boil the unknown liquid because the boiling point of water is 100C. As the boiling point of isobutyl alcohol is 108C , water cannot be used to vapourised the alcohol.

REFERENCE :
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Chemistry practical manual 3 Chemistry Ace Ahead Revision Book http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molar mass http://www.scribd.com/doc/94261/The-Behaviourof-Gases

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