MATHS

"manishkumarphysics.in"
1
f+iifat4 ut+i
(Trigonometric Equation)
f+i ifat4 ut+i (Trigonometric Equation) :
(+ ( =i =ni+i l=n l+=i ~ai- +i i + (+ i (+ = ~li+ lzi+iiln-i ~-i- ti- t . lzi+iiln-i
=ni+i +tni-i t
f+i ifat4 ut+i +i rn (Solution of Trigonometric Equation) :
lzi+i iln-i =ni+i +i tn -= ~ai- +ii +i ni- ti-i t. i := <i n: =ni+i +i = - +-i t
a<iriii l< sinu =
2
1
u =
4
t
,
4
3t
,
4
9t
,
4
11t
, ...........
:= +i. lzi+iiln-i =ni+i + tn ~--- ti =+- t (--+i ~i-i +l- +i t =) ~i tni +i l---
+i ni + - l+i i =+-i t
(i) n tn (principal solution)
(ii) i+ tn (General Solution)
4 rn (Principal solutions) :
lzi+iiln-i =ni+i + ( = tn i ~--in [0, 2t) + ~--n- ~i- t n tn +tni- t
a<iri =ni+i sinx =
2
1
+ n tn ai- +i
rn.
sinx =
2
1
~- ~--in [0, 2t) n x + <i ni-
6
t
~i
6
5t
lni- ti n
~- n tn x =
6
t
,
6
5t
-4is+ rn :
ii + 'n' l-lt- +. i lzi+iiln-i =ni+i + =n-- tn < -i t. i+ tn +tni-i t
+z lzii lzi+iinil- =ni+i + i+ tn -i- l< n( t
+ fzi i f+i ifat4 ut+i + -4is+ rn
(General Solution Of Some Standard Trigonometric Equations) :
(i) l< sin u = sin o u = n t + (1)
n
o ti o e
(

t t

2
,
2
; n e I.
(ii) l< cos u = cos o u = 2 nt o ti o e [0, t] ; n e I.
(iii) l< tan u = tan o u = n t + o ti o e |
.
|

\
| t t

2
,
2
; n e I.
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
2
(iv) l< sin u = sin o u = n t o ; n e I.
(v) l< cos u = cos o u = n t o ; n e I.
(vi) l< tan u = tan o u = n t o ; n e I. [aia : 4ri o 4 +ii r]
+ r-s i sfii (Some Important deductions) :
(i) sinu = 0 u = nt ; n e I
(ii) sinu = 1 u = (4n + 1)
2
t
; n e I
(iii) sinu = 1 u = (4n 1)
2
t
; n e I
(iv) cosu = 0 u = (2n + 1)
2
t
; n e I
(v) cosu = 1 u = 2nt ; n e I
(vi) cosu = 1 u = (2n + 1)t ; n e I
(vii) tanu = 0 u = nt ; n e I
a<iri # 1 : tn +il( sin u =
2
3
.
rn : sin u =
2
3
sinu = sin
3
t
u = nt + ( 1)
n
3
t
; n e I
a<iri # 2 : tn +il( sec 2u =
3
2
rn : sec 2u =
3
2
cos2u =
2
3
cos2u = cos
6
5t
2u = 2nt
6
5t
; n e I
u = nt
12
5t
; n e I
a<iri # 3 : tn +il( tanu = 2
rn : tanu = 2 ............(i)
ni-i 2 = tano tanu = tano
u = nt + o, ti o = tan
1
(2) ; n e I
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
3
4iu +i4 :
(1) tn +il( cotu = 1
(2) tn +il( cos3u =
2
1
Answers : (1) u = nt
4
t
; n e I (2) u =
3
n 2 t

9
2t
; n e I
a<iri # 4 : tn +il( cos
2
u =
2
1
rn : cos
2
u =
2
1
cos
2
u =
2
2
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
cos
2
u = cos
2
4
t
u = nt
4
t
; n e I
a<iri # 5 : tn +il( 4 tan
2
u = 3sec
2
u
rn : 4 tan
2
u = 3sec
2
u .............(i)
=ni+i (i) + liili- ti - + ln( u = (2n + 1)
2
t
; n e I
=ni+i (i) +i l--- +i lnii i =+-i t
u
u
2
2
cos
sin 4
=
u
2
cos
3
u = (2n + 1)
2
t
; n e I
cos
2
u = 0
4 sin
2
u = 3 sin
2
u =
2
2
3
|
|
.
|

\
|
sin
2
u = sin
2
3
t
u = nt
3
t
; n e I
4iu +i4 :
(3) tn +il( 7cos
2
u + 3 sin
2
u = 4.
(4) tn +il( 2 sin
2
x + sin
2
2x = 2
Answers : (3) u = nt
3
t
; n e I (4) x = (2n + 1)
2
t
; n e I i nt
4
t
; n e I
f+i ifat4 ut+i + s +i (Types of Trigonometric Equations) :
Type -1
lz+i iln-i =ni+i l-t n i-ii +i -i n ++ tn l+i i =+-i t
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
4
a<iri # 6 : tn +il( (2sinx cosx) (1 + cosx) = sin
2
x.
rn : (2sinx cosx) (1 + cosx) = sin
2
x
(2sinx cosx) (1 + cosx) sin
2
x = 0
(2sinx cosx) (1 + cosx) (1 cosx) (1 + cosx) = 0
(1 + cosx) (2sinx 1) = 0
1 + cosx = 0 i 2sinx 1 = 0
cosx = 1 i sinx =
2
1
x = (2n + 1)t ; n e I i sin x = sin
6
t
x = nt + ( 1)
n
6
t
; n e I
l< n =ni+i +i tn t
(2n + 1)t; n e I i nt + (1)
n
6
t
; n e I
4iu +i4 :
(5) tn +il( cos
3
x + cos
2
x 4cos
2
2
x
= 0
(6) tn +il( cot
2
u + 3cosecu + 3 = 0
Answers : (5) (2n + 1)t ; n e I
(6) 2nt
2
t
; n e I i nt + (1)
n + 1
6
t
; n e I
Type - 2
lz+i iln-i =ni+i l-t l,ii- =ni+i + n <n + tn l+i i-i t
a<iri # 7 : tn +il( 2 cos
2
x + 4cosx = 3sin
2
x
rn : 2cos
2
x + 4cosx 3sin
2
x = 0
2cos
2
x + 4cosx 3(1 cos
2
x) = 0
5cos
2
x + 4cosx 3 = 0

|
|
.
|

\
|
+

5
19 2
x cos

|
|
.
|

\
|

5
19 2
x cos
= 0 ........(ii)
cosx e [ 1, 1] x e R
cosx =
5
19 2
=ni+i (ii) =ti ti ni l< cosx =
5
19 2 +
cosx = coso, ti coso =
5
19 2 +
x = 2nt o ti o = cos
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
5
19 2
; n e I
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
5
4iu +i4 :
(7) tn +il( cos2u ( 2 + 1)
|
|
.
|

\
|
u
2
1
cos = 0
(8) tn +il( 4cosu 3secu = tanu
Answers : (7) u = 2nt
3
t
; n e I i 2nt
4
t
; n e I
(8) u = nt + ( 1)
n
o ti o = sin
1
|
|
.
|

\
|

8
17 1
; n e I
i nt + (1)
n
| ti | = sin
1
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
8
17 1
; n e I
Type - 3
lz+i iln-i =ni+i l-n lz+i iln-i ~- i- + i n+n i ~-- +i --+ n i-+n + n <n+
tn l+i i =+-i t
a<iri # 8 : tn +il( cos3x + sin2x sin4x = 0
rn : cos3x + sin2x sin4x = 0 cos3x + 2cos3x.sin( x) = 0
cos3x 2cos3x.sinx = 0 cos3x (1 2sinx) = 0
cos3x = 0 i 1 2sinx = 0
3x = (2n + 1)
2
t
; n e I i sinx =
2
1
x = (2n + 1)
6
t
; n e I i x = nt + (1)
n
6
t
; n e I
l<( n( =ni+i +i tn t
(2n + 1)
6
t
; n e I i nt + (1)
n
6
t
; n e I
4iu +i4 :
(9) tn +il( sin7u = sin3u + sinu
(10) tn +il( 5sinx + 6sin2x +5sin3x + sin4x = 0
(11) tn +il( cosu sin3u = cos2u
Answers : (9) u =
3
nt
; n e I i
2
nt

12
t
; n e I
(10) x =
2
nt
; n e I i 2nt
3
2t
; n e I
(11) u =
3
n 2 t
; n e I i 2nt
2
t
; n e I i nt +
4
t
; n e I
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
6
Type - 4
lz+iiln-i =ni+i l-n lz+iiln-i ~-i-i + ni-+n +i --+ in+n ~i ~-- n <n+ tn l+i
i =+-i t
a<iri # 9 : tn +il( sin5x.cos3x = sin6x.cos2x
rn : sin5x.cos3x = sin6x.cos2x 2sin5x.cos3x = 2sin6x.cos2x
sin8x + sin2x = sin8x + sin4x sin4x sin2x = 0
2sin2x.cos2x sin2x = 0 sin2x (2cos2x 1) = 0
sin2x = 0 i 2cos2x 1 = 0
2x = nt ; n e I i cos2x =
2
1
x =
2
nt
; n e I i 2x = 2nt
3
t
; n e I
x = nt
6
t
; n e I
l<( n =ni+i +i tn t
2
nt
; n e I i nt
6
t
; n e I
Type - 5
a sinx + b cosx = c +i lz+i iln-i =ni+i. (ti a, b, c e R) +i <i -i -+
2 2
b a + = iin < +
tn l+i i =+-i t
a<iri # 10 : tn +il( sinx + cosx = 2
rn : sinx + cosx = 2 ..........(i)
ti a = 1, b = 1.
=ni+i (i) n <i -i -+ 2 +i iin < -
sinx .
2
1
+ cosx.
2
1
= 1
sinx.sin
4
t
+ cosx.cos
4
t
= 1 cos |
.
|

\
| t

4
x
= 1
x
4
t
= 2nt ; n e I x = 2nt +
4
t
; n e I
l<( n( =ni+i +i tn 2nt +
4
t
; n e I ti ni
aia: a sinx + b cosx = c +i lz+i iln-i =ni+ii n sinx ( cosx +i = n- tan + ~z +i i n ll- -
++ ii tn l+i i =+-i t
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
7
a<iri #11: tn +il( 3cosx + 4sinx = 5
rn : 3cosx + 4sinx = 5 .........(i)
cosx =
2
x
tan 1
2
x
tan 1
2
2
+

( sinx =
2
x
tan 1
2
x
tan 2
2
+
~- =ni+i (i) =
3
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

2
x
tan 1
2
x
tan 1
2
2
+ 4
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+
2
x
tan 1
2
x
tan 2
2
= 5 ........(ii)
ni-i tan
2
x
= t
=ni+i (ii) =
3
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

2
2
t 1
t 1
+ 4 |
.
|

\
|
+
2
t 1
t 2
= 5
4t
2
4t + 1 = 0 (2t 1)
2
= 0
t =
2
1
t = tan
2
x
tan
2
x
=
2
1
tan
2
x
= tano, ti tano =
2
1

2
x
= nt + o x = 2nt + 2o ti o = tan
1
|
.
|

\
|
2
1
; n e I
4iu +i4 :
(12) tn +il( 3 cosx + sinx = 2
(13) tn +il( sinx + tan
2
x
= 0
Answers : (12) 2nt +
6
t
; n e I (13) x = 2nt ; n e I
Type - 6
P(sinx cosx, sinx cosx) = 0 +i lz+iiln-i =ni+i. (ti p(y, z) (+ t< t). +i sinx cosx = t
i+ tn l+i i =+-i t
a<iri # 12 : tn +il( sinx + cosx = 1 + sinx.cosx
rn : sinx + cosx = 1 + sinx.cosx ........(i)
ni-i sinx + cosx = t
sin
2
x + cos
2
x + 2 sinx.cosx = t
2
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
8
sinx.cosx =
2
1 t
2

~ (i) n sinx + cosx = t ~i sinx.cosx =

2
1 t
2

i-
t = 1 +
2
1 t
2

t
2
2t + 1 = 0
t = 1
t = sinx + cosx
sinx + cosx = 1 .........(ii)
=ni+i (ii) n <i -i -+ 2 , +i iin < -
sinx.
2
1
+ cosx.
2
1
=
2
1
cos |
.
|

\
| t

4
x = cos
4
t
x
4
t
= 2nt
4
t
(i) i-in+ l--t n - x = 2nt +
2
t
; n e I
(ii) +iin+ l--t n - x = 2nt ; n e I
4iu +i4 :
(14) tn +il( sin2x + 5sinx + 1 + 5cosx = 0
(15) tn +il( 3cosx + 3sinx + sin3x cos3x = 0
(16) tn +il( (1 sin2x) (cosx sinx) = 1 2sin
2
x.
Answers : (14) nt
4
t
; n e I (15) nt
4
t
; n e I
(16) 2nt +
2
t
; n e I i 2nt ; n e I i nt +
4
t
; n e I
Type - 7
lz+iiln-i =ni+i l= lzi+iiln-i ~-i-i sinx ( cosx + ni-i +i l=ini +i -in ++ tn l+i
i =+-i t
a<iri # 13 : tn +il( sinx |
.
|

\
|
x sin 2
4
x
cos + x cos x cos 2
4
x
sin 1 |
.
|

\
|
+ = 0
rn : sinx |
.
|

\
|
x sin 2
4
x
cos +
x cos x cos 2
4
x
sin 1 |
.
|

\
|
+
= 0 .......(i)
sinx.cos
4
x
2sin
2
x + cosx + sin
4
x
.cosx 2cos
2
x = 0

|
.
|

\
|
+ x cos .
4
x
sin
4
x
cos . x sin
2 (sin
2
x + cos
2
x) + cosx = 0
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
9
sin
4
x 5
+ cosx = 2 ........(ii)
~ =ni+i (ii) =ti ti ni l< sin
4
x 5
= 1 ( cosx = 1

4
x 5
= 2nt +
2
t
; n e I ( x = 2mt ; m e I
x =
5
) 2 n 8 ( t +
; n e I ........(iii)
( x = 2mt ; m e I ........(iv)
~ =ni+i (i) + i+ tn + ln(
5
) 2 n 8 ( t +
= 2mt 8n + 2 = 10m
n =
4
1 m 5
l < m = 1 ti. -i n = 1
l < m = 5 ti. -i n = 6
......... ......... .........
......... ......... .........
l < m = 4p 3; p e I ti. -i n = 5p 4 ; p e I
l<( n( =ni+i +i i+ tn i -i =ni+i (iv) n m = 4p 3 i+ i =ni+i (iii) n
n = 5p 4 i+ ai- l+i i =+-i t
=ni+i (i) +i i+ tn x = (8p 6)t ; p e I ti ni
4iu +i4 :
(17) tn +il( sin3x + cos2x = 2
(18) tn +il( 3 x cos x 5 sin 3
2
= 1 sinx
Answers : (17) x = (4p 3)
2
t
; p e I (18) x = 2mt +
2
t
; m e I
MATHS
"manishkumarphysics.in"
10
r-si f-<
1. +: lzi+iiln-i =ni+ii +i lli -i+i ,ii tn l+i i =+-i t (+ ti lzi+iiln-i =ni+i + ln
lli -i+i = l-+in n tn ~nn~nn in ti =+- t ~- :- tni +i <i+ liii +i := -nn-
n -ti -i -ilt l+ (+ lli = l-+ini ni tn =ti t l+ ~- lli = vi-- tn nn- t lli ll
ii ,ii vi-- tni +i +z i--ii ,ii (+ =ni- l=z l+i i =+-i t
<i llii ,ii vi-- tni +i =ni--i +i i- +- + ln . vi-- tni n n = .......2, 1, 0, 1, 2, 3....... ~il< i+
~--in [0, 2t] n +i i + ni- ai- l+ i- t l< <i-i tni = vi-- =n-- +iii + ni- (+ =ni- ti. -i <i-i
tni +i =ni--i l=, ti i-i t
2. lzi+i iln-i =ni+i +i l-i- (manipulating) +- + <i i- + z tn ii i- +i l-il- - i-i t =ini--
=ni+i n = <i -i (RHS) ( i -i (LHS) = l+=i -il-a n i-i +i - +i <- = +z n n n--
ti =+- t
-<itiii =ni+i tan x = 2 sin x n <i-i ~i sin x = iin nni- cosx =
2
1
vi-- ti -i t i <i ni i--l+
=ni+i + - - -ti t ti sinx = 0 = vi-- ti - in n n n -- ti n t := v+i l+=i =ni+i +i l+=i -il-a
ni-i = iin <- + i -= n i-i +i i =ni+i = -il-a n i-i + n it n n -i -ilt
3. l+=i ii n i-i +i zi - + i i- =n := i- +i i- ii i-i -ilt l+ ( =i +- = +i : ~- n i-i
~--- -i ti i
-<itiii l< +i: =ni+i sinx = 0 ti -i t cos x . tan x = 0 ii lnii i =+-i t nl+- ~ tn cosx =
0 -ti i =+- +il+ (=i +- = tanx = sinx/ cosx +i ni- ~--- ti i-i t
4. l+=i ii <i ni =ni+i +i <i -i ~i n +- = ~ tn + z ~--it n n ii vi-- ti n ~- ( =i l-il- n vi-- ti -
in =n-- tni +i <i n: =ni+i n i+ --+i i - + n -i -ilt i tn <i ni =ni+i +i =- - +
--t zi l<i i-i -ilt
-<itiii =ni+i
sin u + cos u = 1 .....(1)
n +-
1 + sin 2u = 1 i sin 2u = 0 .....(2)
~ii - 2u = nt i u = nt/2,
u = 0,
2
t
, t,
2
3t
, ......
i- +- = -i nn-i t l+ t ~i
2
3t
<i ni =ni+i +i =- -ti +- t =i l+
sin t + cost = 1, = 1
( sin
2
3t
+ cos
2
3t
= 1, = 1.
l=+i +ii - t . l+ =ni+i (2) =ni+i (1) + - - -ti t +il+ =ni+i (2), =ni+ii
sin u + cos u = 1
( sinu + cos u = 1
+i v<lzi - +-i t ~- tn ~l-l+ tn vi-- ti - t := v+i l< l+=i =ni+i +i tn +- + ln n (squaring)
+-i ti -i vi-- ti - in =n-- tni +i <i n: =ni+i n i - + n-i -ilt
5. l< <i ni =ni+i n tanx, secx ni< ti. -i vl--i cosx = 0 n+ -n-i -ilt
l< <i ni =ni+i n cot x i cosec x ni< ti -i vl--i sinx = 0 n+ -n-i -ilt
l< <i ni =ni+i n log [f(u)] ni < ti . -i vl--ii f(u) > 0 -ii ni ni+ +i ~iii >0, = 1 +i n + -n-i -ilt
:=+ ~nii )] ( f [ u =< i-in+ ti-i t
-<itiii
u
2
sin
= |sin u| - l+ sin u .
6. t i - n -i ii ~iz+ t l+ =ni+i +i tn +- = vi-- ti - in =n-- n n. <i ni =ni+i +i = - +-
t -ii l< n vi-- n ti t